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availn. Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: avail v. Etymology: Probably < avail v.Compare (rare) Anglo-Norman availl , avail , availe advantage, benefit (1340; not attested in continental French), probably < availler , availer (see avail v.). In sense 5 perhaps also influenced by metanalysis of Middle French de vaille of value, of worth (c1400 or earlier; < de de prep. + vaille : see vail n.1). With the β. forms compare γ. forms at avail v. and discussion at that entry. the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] the world > action or operation > advantage > efficacy > efficacious [phrase] 1409 in M. Sellers (1915) II. 178 (MED) Before the tyme he be..approved for ane able werkman..to occupy als maistre to the avayle of the kyngys poeple. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 1672 And that his purpos sholde take auail, A magicien he took to his counsail. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Interp. & Virtues Mass l. 45 in (1911) i. 89 A werke begon ys of more avayle Yef a good ende accorde well therto. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan i. xxiv. sig. Eviv Thus they may lette more, than doo eny auayll. 1600 C. Tourneur sig. C8v Both vsde their blades vnto so good auaile. 1629 in R. S. France (1951) 41 Order and governe the said mynes..as shall in your wisdom and judgements finde best for our avayle and profitt. 1654 J. Hall ii. i. 90 They had (no doubt) customes and rules of decision; besides other positive laws to that purpose. But to what availe? 1823 in J. F. Allen (1848) 152 Among the manures found of great avail in supporting or recovering the fertility of vines, may be reckoned rabbit's dung, duck's dung, [etc.]. 1871 24 July 3/5 Perhaps the soaking rain, and the fact that there are prickles on furze bushes, might have operated as deterrents to taking avail of the cover. 1967 H. Shapley 73 But to what avail is an attempt to travel all the way to the stars? 2011 J. S. Nye vii. 210 Historically, rising states have used smart power strategies to good avail. society > law > rule of law > [noun] > validity or legal force 1426 in (2007) 1426/7 [Tha lettres salbe to thaim of na] avale, [fors na effec]. 1542 in D. H. Fleming (1921) II. 428/1 His hienes..decernis the samyn surreptite and of nane availl. 1735 J. Mottley II. iv. x. 438/1 No Person, not taking such Oath, shall be admitted to give any Vote, nor their Votes to be of any Effect or Avail. 1870 3rd series VIII. 892 It was quite competent for me to lodge an amended claim afterwards, because the first would be of no avail. 1932 4 138/2 Where the seller has acted fraudulently.., the contract is of no avail. 2001 14 63 The clause is of no avail where there is reasonable means of checking the condition, quantity and quality of the goods received for shipment. society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > profit > [noun] society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > personal income or acquired wealth > casually or incidentally acquired 1429 in H. Nicolas (1834) III. 343 (MED) Of þe þriddes and alle oþer manere of wynnyng of werre..þe King shal have þe hool availle and prouffit. c1449 R. Pecock (1860) 392 A riȝt forto..haue certeyn fruytis or sum othir avail. 1568 T. Howell f. 33 The Marchant..Doth ioy for gaine of his auailes. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. 476 This [Minium] setleth down to the bottom of the water..and the painters take it for their auailes. 1812 A. Stoddard 25 Expecting to subsist on the bounty of government, rather than on the avails of their own industry. 1860 N. Hawthorne II. xviii. 201 The avails are devoted to some beneficent..purpose. 1985 K. Timms ix. 60 There was the obvious chiseller living on the avails of the system. 2021 @gemma_windsor 4 June in twitter.com (accessed 23 Mar. 2022) Must be nice to never need a real job and live off the avails of taxpayers. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich xiii. l. 475 And ȝit kepte Tholome to his Availles, In his Refrescheng, twey batailles. †5. 1473 in (2007) 1473/7/20 Fra the silver cum agane fra the werkmen it is sa fer scaithit of the avale fra the fyne silver, that the pupill is oure gretly scaithit and dissauit tharthrow. ?a1500 Court of Love (Trin. Cambr. R.3.19) l. 116 in K. Forni (2005) Cloth of gold..And other silke of esier availe. c1578 J. Maxwell Test. in W. Fraser (1863) I. 311 He saw vmquhyle Johnne Maxwell of Nethir Pollok haif ane goldin cheinzie... Knawis nocht the wecht nor availl thairof. 1683 J. Dalrymple I. 131 He gave a Back-bond oblieging him to sell the same at the best avail, and as a part of the price to pay a Bond of Provision. 1753 xviii. 317 All which, with the Corn, Fodder, Bestial, and others above written, amount in Money, at the particular Prices and Avails above-mentioned, to the Sum of——Money. the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [noun] a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil (1959) ix. Prol. 49 The cur, or mastys, he haldis at smal availl. 1631 J. Taylor (1848) 13 They hold your blessinge in no more avayle, Then is the flapping of a fox his taile! a1856 W. Hamilton (1860) IV. App. 250 It is only as indefinite that particular, it is only as definite that individual and general, quantities have any (and the same) logical avail. the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] ?1567 M. Parker ix. 17 For their aduayle: thou wilt not fayle, all them that thee do seeke. 1613 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne (rev. ed.) ii. xxxiv. 415 The rest rather breeding confusion and trouble, than helpe or availe. 1656 R. Sanderson 237 Furtherance or avail towards the attaining of that end. Phrasesthe world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > in vain [phrase] a1450 ( Libel Eng. Policy (Laud) in T. Wright (1861) II. 190 Oure money spente alle to lytelle avayle. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. (new ed.) f. 69v A pen of no auaile, a fruitles labour eke. 1585 R. Parsons i. xi. 475 This (I say) must be the euerlasting song of the damned and tormented conscience in hel; eternal repentance without auaile. 1591 T. Lodge f. 1v Many were their vowes, but to no auayle. 1749 L. Pilkington (new ed.) I. 3 The Christian Grace, Charity, without which we are told all other Virtues are of no Avail. 1798 5 Mar. The Raven, English sloop of war of 18 guns, lately wrecked in a gale..was..the scene of every human exertion to get her off, but without avail. 1849 G. Grote V. ii. xl. 117 Bows and arrows were of little avail. 1909 25 Feb. 5/7 In political as in military warfare the attitude of passive defence is of small avail. 1934 H. L. Beales & R. S. Lambert 231 I wrote after all classes of jobs, office work, labouring, garage attendant, private service, etc., without avail. 2016 Apr. 146/2 I've tried some reputable brands of cleaner/polish to no avail. the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > have or get (someone) at a disadvantage a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 50 Hym thought no worship to have a knyght at such avayle, he to be on horsebacke and hys adversary on foote. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1122 Wyte you well, madame, I have loved you many a yere, and never ar now cowde I gete you at such avayle. And therefore I woll take you as I fynde you. c1500 (?c1450) Weddynge of Sir Gawen in (1924) 5 3 So shalt thou nott skape withoute lesyng, I haue the nowe att avaylle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022). availv. Brit.  /əˈveɪl/, U.S. /əˈveɪl/, South African English /əˈveɪl/, West African English /aˈvel/, East African English /aˈvel/, Irish English /əˈveːl/, Caribbean English /aˈveːl/Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: a- prefix1, vail v.1 Etymology: Probably < a- prefix1 + vail v.1, as if the latter were an aphetic form.Compare (rare) Anglo-Norman availer , availler , avaloir to be worth, to be of advantage (both late 13th cent.), to help (a1350), itself probably < a- (see a- prefix5) + vailer , vailler , valoir (see vail v.1), after English avail v.; not attested in continental French. With the β. forms compare discussion at vail v.1 The γ. forms show classicizing alteration of the prefix (see ad- prefix and discussion at that entry). the world > action or operation > advantage > efficacy > be efficacious [verb (intransitive)] the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > be useful [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of person c1300 (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 57 Merci criende lutel availede, Ȝwan Crist it wolde so harde wrac. 1384 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 23 (MED) He loked to haue so many holdyng with hym that the tother syde myght noght avayle. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 90 Quat bote is to sette traueil On thyng þat may not auail. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (1872) l. 4336 She warned hym, but it myghte nat auaille [c1415 Lansd. availe]. c1454 R. Pecock 40 (MED) What is bifore seid and tauȝt..availiþ into þe knowyng of goddis lawe. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus f. 4 I auaile moche more, saieth he, in that I teach all thother Phisicians. 1567 J. Maplet f. 23 Zellicum..availeth against venome. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil ii. 43 This labor..too no great purpose auayleth. 1667 J. Milton xi. 312 But prayer against his absolute Decree No more availes then breath against the winde. View more context for this quotation 1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega vi. x. 870 His friends and relations used all the interest they were able to gain his pardon; yet, seeing they could not avail for his life, they then endeavoured to moderate the sentence. 1716 A. Pope tr. Homer II. vii. 176 Nor ought the Warrior's thund'ring Mace avail'd. 1836 J. Gilbert iii. 96 No ingenuity can avail to confound them. 1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson 206 I have been entrapped into this house... But it shall not avail. 1922 E. R. Eddison ix. 118 Though by mine art I rebated the King's sending, yet against the maleficial undertow that followed it my charms avail not. 2013 (Nexis) (transcript of TV programme) 20 Nov. Our firefighters battled the conditions, four rescues were carried out. Unfortunately those rescues did not avail and all four perished. 2. the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] > specifically a thing c1330 (Auch.) (1933) l. 2456 Þou art fair and ȝong, saunz fail And maist þe werld mochel auail. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. l. 229 (MED) He thoghte..Hou that he mihte his cause availe To gete him gold. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 7992 Þou folu it [sc. counsel], þe sal it a-wail. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 20 If þis may don gladnesse Vn to ony louere and his cause auayle. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 363 Al hir compleynt..avayleth hir not a stre. c1465 W. Worcester in (2004) II. 553 They [will] not [be] so avaylled as they weene. ?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives ii. iv. sig. y.iv If the husbande lacke honour, the wyfe must nedes go without it: Neither kynred, ryches, nor welthe can a vayle her. 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner ii. f. 89v This also much auayleth and helpeth any passion of the bodie. 1611 Esther v. 13 All this auaileth me nothing, so long as I see Mordecai the Iew sitting at the kings gate. View more context for this quotation 1741 S. Richardson IV. xxxv. 209 What avails it me to oppose them? 1816 J. Wilson ii. v. 89 Right pious words! but they will not avail thee. 1977 R. S. Humphreys 171 Al-Muzaffar followed this course of action, which of course availed him nothing. 1999 D. Vanek ii. 41 She stormed, ranted, raved, pleaded, and shed bitter tears. Nothing availed her. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) viii. l. 3048 (MED) Mechil grace..schulde falle, Which myghte availle to ous alle. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) l. 2342 (MED) Þys aperyng..Auayled to boþe partys. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 121 (MED) The connynge and grete witte of Arystotle lytill hadd avaylid to kynge Alexandyr. 1609 I. Exod. xvi. (Annot.) And so it [sc. Manna] auaileth to euerie one, as their soule, which is the spiritual stomake of supernatural meate, is lesse or more disposed. the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial [verb (intransitive)] the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [verb (intransitive)] a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 575 (MED) What auailed his triumphes or his bies, Crownys of gold & perlid fressh tunycles? 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour (Adv.) i. 338 For knawlage off mony statis May quhile awailȝe full mony gatis. a1538 T. Starkey (1989) 25 What avaylyth hyt to have ryches..to hym wych can not by wysdome use them. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil ii. 24 Whilst counsel auayled, Then we were of reckning. 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte 8 Little auailes it, that a dullard go to learne in the famous places of studie. 1785 11 Aug. If we have not sufficient fortitude left to combat oppression, it avails little for us to know by whom we have been so long oppressed. 1844 B. Disraeli III. vii. vii. 153 What avail his golden youth, his high blood..if they help not now! 1995 (Nexis) 1 Nov. While it is the duty of opposition parties to subject government action to relentless scrutiny, it avails little if political opposition is permitted to become a matter of automatic negation of every government measure. the world > action or operation > advantage > [verb (reflexive)] a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) ii. l. 91 (MED) Who that..mai himselven noght availe, He wolde an other scholde faile. 1789 G. White 14 They availed themselves greatly by spinning wool. 1844 Nov. 518/2 She was in the practice of opening a gate to admit persons to some pleasure grounds..and availed herself by this means to collect some pence. 1983 11 Dec. 1 a If we put poor people down, which we do, and if we blame poor people for the high cost of government, which we do..we put a terrible burden on them for trying to avail themselves. the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. l. 762 He [sc. a person born under Mercury] schal be..lustles to travaile In thing which elles myhte availe. a1500 (?c1450) vi. 95 A londe with-oute a lorde a-vaileth litill. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. viii. 6 Your besynesse shall auayle moche the better. 1562 P. Whitehorne tr. N. Machiavelli vii. f. xcviiiv To take the comoditie from the enemie that he auaile not by the thinges of thy countrie. 1563 T. Hill (1593) 44 Al such partes which may be holpen by cooling, may with the iuice of it..annointed on those places, greatly auaile. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. i. 236 But how out of this can shee auaile ? View more context for this quotation c1400 (Selwyn) (1904) ix. 17 (MED) A testement..a-vayleþ [L. valet] noȝt whyles he lyueþ þat makeþ þe testement. 1668 G. Meriton 42 If it come in question, whether a Will be good or not, in such Case proof doth not avail; for matter of Law is to be decided by the Judges, and not by Witnesses nor Juries. 1742 II. 60 In regard to Lands, such a Probate will not avail. 1820 J. Chitty xiii. 357 If the traverser cannot shew a legal title, the prior possession will not avail, and the King may retain against him. 1905 3 573 An agreement between vendor and vendee..will not avail as against bona fide creditors of the railroad. 2013 (Nexis) 9 Feb. Nodding of the head by the deceased who was on oxygen mask could not avail as a dying declaration. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich xx. l. 204 Thanne of his knyhtes he Axede Counsaille, ȝif to that Roche they Cowden Owght Availle. the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > be equivalent to a1500 (a1471) G. Ashby Active Policy Prince l. 493 in (1899) 28 A peny spent bi wise prouision Auailith two in time seasonable. 1598 R. Barret iii. ii. 70 One shot well bestowed, auayleth many vnaduisedly spent. c1600 (1825) 16 He sould have for his reward a pecuniall sowme, availling ane thowsand pundis money of this realme. 8. With of. the world > action or operation > advantage > [verb (reflexive)] > take advantage the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] 1582 N. Lichefield tr. L. Gutierrez de la Vega iii. xlvii. f. 19v By these rules it may be the better vnderstood, & the Sergeant maior thereof auaile himselfe, ioyning the number to the nighest. 1617 F. Moryson ii. ii. ii. 155 Although there were but foure thousand Spaniards already landed, and they had no horse, yet there was no doubt but they would auayle themselues of great assistance in this Countrey. 1667 J. Milton xii. 515 Then shall they seek to avail themselves of names, Places and titles. View more context for this quotation 1768 L. Sterne I. 119 La Fleur availed himself but of two different terms of exclamation in this encounter. 1860 J. Tyndall i. § i. 1 I..availed myself of my position to make an excursion into North Wales. 1960 S. Unwin App. xxi. 370 This was a heaven-sent opportunity, of which I readily availed myself. 2000 1 June e11/3 He went to the theater whenever he could, availing himself of the occasional discounts available to members of the profession. 1596 R. Douglas Let. 21 Apr. in (Hatfield House CP 40/18) f. 33 Twentie thousand [pounds], a somme quhilk wtout auaileing of some landes can not be furnishit. 1770 June 417 We wish that the work which we are now reviewing, did not abound with the most convincing evidence..of not availing, at an early period, of the observations which others have recorded. 1779 7 205/2 They would have been put under the necessity of committing the most considerable part of their army to the decision of arms, if the opportunity on our side had been availed of. 1880 R. F. Connor tr. F. L. de Chérancé xi. 183 Friar Elias has availed of his title of Vicar-General to pose as a reformer. 1927 30 Aug. 8/6 The wonderful system of drainage is being availed of. 1992 19 Apr. (Review section) 2/3 The burgeoning bourgeoisie that avails of consumer finance schemes has now grown to include a vast spectrum. 2007 29 Sept. (Suppl.) 20/1 (advt.) Guests may avail of the state-of-the-art Ardilaun Health and Leisure Club. 2017 2 Mar. 19/1 Hundreds availed of the service over an hour and a half. the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] > supply with some benefit the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] > take advantage of > turn to account society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person) 1749 13 Dec. The real Citizen, who bears the great Expence of Rent, Taxes, and the most burthensome Offices, must in some sort subject to the Power and Insults of these Dictators, without being availed of his Privileges as a Citizen. 1785 T. Jefferson Corr. in (1859) I. 418 It will rest, therefore, with you, to avail Mr. Barclay of that fund. 1789 T. Jefferson (1859) III. 22 I shall avail government of the useful information I have received from you. 1843 F. Trollope xviii. 119 ‘We should have got no invites, you may be availed of that, I expect.’ 1930 5 Nov. 9/4 Their golfing skill did not avail them of much for Watt required 83 and Hosie 91 for the two rounds. 1994 14 July (Sport section) 31/3 The lamentable steps taken to avail him of the news. 2022 (Nexis) 7 Feb. We have been working as a team to avail them of justice and compensations. 9. 1824 27 Jan. The faction which had become preponderant in the Assembly availed itself for the fatal explosion of a petition from the citizen David Pamplona. 1861 14 Sept. The clothes thus obtained he hid away among the stones until an opportunity availed itself for him to put his intended plan of escape into operation. 1979 (Nexis) 14 May He thanked President Lule for availing himself to welcome the Bishops. 2016 (Nexis) 12 Oct. The other five candidates availed themselves for return interviews. 1930 15 Dec. 10/6 The Milwaukee Journal serves state communities by availing the facilities of WTMJ to the use of Wisconsin cities. 1965 14 Sept. 2/6 It has availed its facilities for use by the Brainerd school system for swimming instruction. 1993 (Nexis) 15 Mar. (Information Technol. section) 2 His aim is to seize the opportunities availed by the large base of multinational corporations in Singapore. 2020 (Electronic ed.) 2 Mar. The process of democratic renewal must be availed to all. 1977 J. C. O. Nyankori (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign) p. iii I am also equally appreciative of Professor T. Takayama who availed me with his research facilities. 1986 (Nexis) 28 June The President explained that private firms and industrial enterprises will be availed loans to rehabilitate them. 2021 (Nexis) 7 Jan. They also requested the governor to avail them with details of the 10 percent of the state governments' internally generated revenue (IGR). the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] > take advantage of > turn to account the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] 1841 20 Jan. 3/3 His Excellency availed the opportunity of the presence of the Ulster Reformers in Dublin to invite them to dinner. 1881 21 May 203/2 Whenever he could he availed the services of one of his daughters as his amanuensis. 1987 5 Dec. 1/2 It would also affect India's chances of availing assistance from multilateral institutions like the World Bank. 2000 (Nexis) 22 Jan. (Opinion section) 12 The workers were also unable to own houses, as they could not avail bank loans. 2019 (Nexis) (National ed.) 29 Dec. (News section) 31 Pride, shame and embarrassment has prevented many more thousands in need of availing this charity. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > exploit or take advantage of > specifically a person a1871 T. Carlyle (1881) II. 115 ‘Very independent’ where mere rank etc. attempted to avail upon him. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022). <  n.1409v.c1300 |