atomic theoryn.

Brit.

/əˌtɒmɪk ˈθɪəri/, U.S.

/əˌtɑmɪk ˈθiəri/,

/əˌtɑmɪk ˈθɪri/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: atomic adj., theory n.

Etymology: < atomic adj. + theory n.

The doctrine or theory that matter is composed of atoms; (Physics) the scientific theory of the structure and properties of atoms.Early uses of the term refer to the theory propounded by Leucippus and Democritus (see atom n. 3). Following the work of John Dalton (from 1803), the modern scientific theory was classically expressed thus: matter is composed of small, indivisible particles or atoms; all atoms of a chemical element are identical and weigh the same; the atoms of one element differ from those of other elements; and the atoms of different elements combine with each other in simple, fixed proportions (see atom n. 4). Cf. law of multiple proportions n. at multiple adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > [noun] > theory or law of

anomœomery1678

atomic theory1755

Dulong and Petit's law1863

Rutherford's formula1906

whole number rule1920

Bohr('s) theory1923

string theory1975

superstring theory1975

1755 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (ed. 4) I. iii. iv. 223 One of the first, as well as the noblest systems of Physics, is the Atomic theory, as it was revived by Des Cartes.

1798 N. Drake Literary Hours 8 To these tenets of the Grecian, Lucretius has added the Infinite of Anaximander, and the Atomic theory of Democritus.

1814 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 104 6 Mr. Higgins..appears not to have taken much pains to ascertain the actual prevalence of that law of multiple proportions by which the atomic theory is best supported.

1827 Lancet 13 Jan. 481/1 The Council had awarded the first prize to Mr. John Dalton..for the development of the chemical theory of definite proportions, usually called the atomic theory.

1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 37/2 Of the different forms of the atomic theory, that of Boscovich may be taken as an example of the purest monadism.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Nov. 852/4 Perhaps the most remarkable discovery that has been made in connexion with atomic theory is the so-called Uncertainty Principle.

1935 C. J. Smith Intermediate Physics (ed. 2) v. li. 876 According to modern atomic theory an alpha particle is the nucleus of a helium atom.

1994 J. Cohen & I. Stewart Collapse of Chaos vii. 222 Integer ratios in chemistry led to the acceptance of atomic theory long before anybody could see an atom.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	atomic theory
释义	atomic theoryn. Brit. /əˌtɒmɪk ˈθɪəri/, U.S. /əˌtɑmɪk ˈθiəri/, /əˌtɑmɪk ˈθɪri/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: atomic adj., theory n. Etymology: < atomic adj. + theory n. The doctrine or theory that matter is composed of atoms; (Physics) the scientific theory of the structure and properties of atoms.Early uses of the term refer to the theory propounded by Leucippus and Democritus (see atom n. 3). Following the work of John Dalton (from 1803), the modern scientific theory was classically expressed thus: matter is composed of small, indivisible particles or atoms; all atoms of a chemical element are identical and weigh the same; the atoms of one element differ from those of other elements; and the atoms of different elements combine with each other in simple, fixed proportions (see atom n. 4). Cf. law of multiple proportions n. at multiple adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > [noun] > theory or law of anomœomery1678 atomic theory1755 Dulong and Petit's law1863 Rutherford's formula1906 whole number rule1920 Bohr('s) theory1923 string theory1975 superstring theory1975 1755 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (ed. 4) I. iii. iv. 223 One of the first, as well as the noblest systems of Physics, is the Atomic theory, as it was revived by Des Cartes. 1798 N. Drake Literary Hours 8 To these tenets of the Grecian, Lucretius has added the Infinite of Anaximander, and the Atomic theory of Democritus. 1814 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 104 6 Mr. Higgins..appears not to have taken much pains to ascertain the actual prevalence of that law of multiple proportions by which the atomic theory is best supported. 1827 Lancet 13 Jan. 481/1 The Council had awarded the first prize to Mr. John Dalton..for the development of the chemical theory of definite proportions, usually called the atomic theory. 1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 37/2 Of the different forms of the atomic theory, that of Boscovich may be taken as an example of the purest monadism. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Nov. 852/4 Perhaps the most remarkable discovery that has been made in connexion with atomic theory is the so-called Uncertainty Principle. 1935 C. J. Smith Intermediate Physics (ed. 2) v. li. 876 According to modern atomic theory an alpha particle is the nucleus of a helium atom. 1994 J. Cohen & I. Stewart Collapse of Chaos vii. 222 Integer ratios in chemistry led to the acceptance of atomic theory long before anybody could see an atom. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1755
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