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单词 machaira
释义

machairan.

Brit. /məˈkʌɪrə/, /maˈkɛːrə/, U.S. /məˈkaɪrə/, /mæˈkɛrə/
Forms: 1600s 1900s– machaera, 1800s măchaira, 1900s– machaira, 1900s– machera.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin machaera.
Etymology: < classical Latin machaera < ancient Greek μάχαιρα, originally any short sword or dagger; in later use, denoting a curved sword or sabre as described below, as opposed to a straight one.The further etymology of μάχαιρα is uncertain: for the ending compare χίμαιρα chimera n.; relationship of the stem with μάχεσθαι ‘to fight’ is considered unlikely by P. Chantraine, Dict. Étym. de la Langue Grecque (1968) 673/1.
Weaponry. historical.
A short single-edged sword, with a slightly curved convex blade, used by the ancient Greeks.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun]
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1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 242 But amongst all the English artillarie; Archery chalengeth the preheminencie as peculiar to our Nation, as the Sarissa was to the Macedonians,..the Machæra to the Greeks.
1891 H. Nettleship & J. E. Sandys Seyffert's Dict. Classical Antiq. 607/2 A sword slightly curved on one side form the hilt upwards, and only sharpened on this side, was the măchaira.
1913 Archaeologia 64 232 In Greece..this type of sword [sc. espada falcata] was known as the machaira or kopis (the two terms becoming synonymous in time).
1993 R. Pleiner Celtic Sword 13 From Thrace and Illyria in the seventh and sixth centuries BC we have only the short, curved machaira or akinakes.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1614
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