maclen.

Brit.

/ˈmakl/, U.S.

/ˈmækəl/

Forms: 1600s– macle, 1800s– maccle (with reference to diamonds); Scottish pre-1700 macle. See also mascle n.¹

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French macle.

Etymology: < Middle French, French macle mesh (1293 in Old French), heraldic mascle (1298 in Old French), of uncertain and disputed etymology: perhaps < an unattested diminutive < the Germanic base of mask n.¹ (compare early modern Dutch masschel ). (The derivation of the Old French word < classical Latin macula macula n. recorded by N.E.D. s.v. is now usually rejected on phonetic grounds.)

†1. Heraldry. = mascle n.¹ 2b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > diamond-shaped charge > pierced

masclec1460

macle1494

mask1538

1494 Loutfut MS f. 12^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Macull Losenge voide vydee..is pareil till ane macle.

1680 G. Mackenzie Sci. Herauldry 48 The English call their Figures Macles; but if they be pierc'd round, the French call them rustres.

1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) Mascle, or Macle, in heraldry, a bearing in form of a lozenge, and voided of the field.

?1828 W. Berry Encycl. Heraldica I. sig. Ccc4/2 Macles or Mashes. These terms occur in ancient books of armory, meaning the same as Mascles.

1847 H. Gough Gloss. Terms Brit. Heraldry 209 Macle, see Mascle.

2. Crystallography. [ < French macle, in R. de l'Isle Essai de Cristallographie (1772) ii. iv. 165.] A twinned crystal; esp. a flat, triangular diamond that is a twinned crystal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystal types > [noun] > composite crystals > twin

macle1798

twina1824

1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 447 H[atchett] and G[reville]..Macle of octoedral crystal.

1801 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 185 Whence results a kind of macle, the form of which is a rhomboidal tetraedral prism.

1829 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Defract. & Polaris. Light xvi. 60 The irregularities of crystallisation, which are known by the name of Macle, or Hemitrope forms.

1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) ix. §442 Crystals of ice, like macles of snow, were observed to form near the bottom.

1883 All Year Round 17 Nov. 535 A diamond at last, of macle shape, weighing some twenty carats!

1899 ‘R. Devereux’ Side Lights S. Afr. 142 The commonest kind of flaw is a dark ridge stretching right across the stone, as if it had been severed at some period of its growth and welded together again. Diamonds so marked are called ‘maccles’.

1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 582/2 Since in many cases twinned crystals may be explained by the rotation of one portion through two right angles, R. J. Haüy introduced the term ‘hemitrope’..; the word ‘macle’ had been earlier used by Romé d'Isle.

1972 P. Cleife Slick & Dead xx. 150 They wouldn't put her on the run just for one-carat maccles.

1995 Internat. Geol. Rev. 37 212 Only 1 or 2 diamonds per 1000 are greater than 0.5 mm, and the majority are less than 0.075 mm. They occur primarily as octahedra and tetrahexahedroids, but cubes, macles, aggregates, and fragments also are present.

3. Mineralogy.

a. [ < French macle, in C. Haüy Traité de Mineralogie (1801) III. 267: used of similar minerals in A. Furetière Dict. Universel (1690) and in the Encyclopédie (1765).] = chiastolite n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > nesosilicates > [noun] > subsaturate group > andalusite

geometric jasper1681

cross-stone1770

chiastolite1811

macle1816

andalusite1837

maranite1885

1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 341 The term Macle, as the name of a distinct species, applies to the whitish prisms only.

1821 J. Mawe Descr. Catal. Minerals (ed. 4) 99 Chiastolite—Macle, is of a yellowish white colour.

1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. §60. 58 [Andalusite] often having the interior tesselated with black, in which case it is usually called macle or chiastolite.

1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals Macle, a syn. of chiastolite, alluding particularly to the black centre which a crystal often shows when cut transversely, similar to the mascle of heraldry.

1989 Encycl. Brit. I. 380/2 The variety chiastolite (also called cross-stone, or macle)..forms elongated prismatic crystals enclosing symmetrically arranged wedges of carbonaceous material.

†b. A darker spot or inclusion in a mineral. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [noun] > marking

dendrite1728

macula1802

macle1839

trichite1868

axiolite1879

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 783 Macle, is the name of certain diagonal black spots in minerals, like the ace of diamonds in cards.

a1852 W. Macgillivray Nat. Hist. Dee Side (1855) 454 Orthoclase..forms large macles in Rubislaw quarries, near Aberdeen.

1865 H. Watts Dict. Chem. III. 740 Macle is the name given to certain spots in minerals of a deeper hue than the rest; sometimes proceeding from difference of aggregation, sometimes from the presence of a foreign substance.

1872 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 5) vii. 118 Felspar with large macles of mica.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	macle
释义	maclen. Brit. /ˈmakl/, U.S. /ˈmækəl/ Forms: 1600s– macle, 1800s– maccle (with reference to diamonds); Scottish pre-1700 macle. See also mascle n.¹ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French macle. Etymology: < Middle French, French macle mesh (1293 in Old French), heraldic mascle (1298 in Old French), of uncertain and disputed etymology: perhaps < an unattested diminutive < the Germanic base of mask n.¹ (compare early modern Dutch masschel ). (The derivation of the Old French word < classical Latin macula macula n. recorded by N.E.D. s.v. is now usually rejected on phonetic grounds.) †1. Heraldry. = mascle n.¹ 2b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > diamond-shaped charge > pierced masclec1460 macle1494 mask1538 1494 Loutfut MS f. 12^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Macull Losenge voide vydee..is pareil till ane macle. 1680 G. Mackenzie Sci. Herauldry 48 The English call their Figures Macles; but if they be pierc'd round, the French call them rustres. 1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) Mascle, or Macle, in heraldry, a bearing in form of a lozenge, and voided of the field. ?1828 W. Berry Encycl. Heraldica I. sig. Ccc4/2 Macles or Mashes. These terms occur in ancient books of armory, meaning the same as Mascles. 1847 H. Gough Gloss. Terms Brit. Heraldry 209 Macle, see Mascle. 2. Crystallography. [ < French macle, in R. de l'Isle Essai de Cristallographie (1772) ii. iv. 165.] A twinned crystal; esp. a flat, triangular diamond that is a twinned crystal. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystal types > [noun] > composite crystals > twin macle1798 twina1824 1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 447 H[atchett] and G[reville]..Macle of octoedral crystal. 1801 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 185 Whence results a kind of macle, the form of which is a rhomboidal tetraedral prism. 1829 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Defract. & Polaris. Light xvi. 60 The irregularities of crystallisation, which are known by the name of Macle, or Hemitrope forms. 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) ix. §442 Crystals of ice, like macles of snow, were observed to form near the bottom. 1883 All Year Round 17 Nov. 535 A diamond at last, of macle shape, weighing some twenty carats! 1899 ‘R. Devereux’ Side Lights S. Afr. 142 The commonest kind of flaw is a dark ridge stretching right across the stone, as if it had been severed at some period of its growth and welded together again. Diamonds so marked are called ‘maccles’. 1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 582/2 Since in many cases twinned crystals may be explained by the rotation of one portion through two right angles, R. J. Haüy introduced the term ‘hemitrope’..; the word ‘macle’ had been earlier used by Romé d'Isle. 1972 P. Cleife Slick & Dead xx. 150 They wouldn't put her on the run just for one-carat maccles. 1995 Internat. Geol. Rev. 37 212 Only 1 or 2 diamonds per 1000 are greater than 0.5 mm, and the majority are less than 0.075 mm. They occur primarily as octahedra and tetrahexahedroids, but cubes, macles, aggregates, and fragments also are present. 3. Mineralogy. a. [ < French macle, in C. Haüy Traité de Mineralogie (1801) III. 267: used of similar minerals in A. Furetière Dict. Universel (1690) and in the Encyclopédie (1765).] = chiastolite n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > nesosilicates > [noun] > subsaturate group > andalusite geometric jasper1681 cross-stone1770 chiastolite1811 macle1816 andalusite1837 maranite1885 1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 341 The term Macle, as the name of a distinct species, applies to the whitish prisms only. 1821 J. Mawe Descr. Catal. Minerals (ed. 4) 99 Chiastolite—Macle, is of a yellowish white colour. 1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. §60. 58 [Andalusite] often having the interior tesselated with black, in which case it is usually called macle or chiastolite. 1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals Macle, a syn. of chiastolite, alluding particularly to the black centre which a crystal often shows when cut transversely, similar to the mascle of heraldry. 1989 Encycl. Brit. I. 380/2 The variety chiastolite (also called cross-stone, or macle)..forms elongated prismatic crystals enclosing symmetrically arranged wedges of carbonaceous material. †b. A darker spot or inclusion in a mineral. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [noun] > marking dendrite1728 macula1802 macle1839 trichite1868 axiolite1879 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 783 Macle, is the name of certain diagonal black spots in minerals, like the ace of diamonds in cards. a1852 W. Macgillivray Nat. Hist. Dee Side (1855) 454 Orthoclase..forms large macles in Rubislaw quarries, near Aberdeen. 1865 H. Watts Dict. Chem. III. 740 Macle is the name given to certain spots in minerals of a deeper hue than the rest; sometimes proceeding from difference of aggregation, sometimes from the presence of a foreign substance. 1872 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 5) vii. 118 Felspar with large macles of mica. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1494
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