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单词 macro-
释义

macro-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Forms: 1800s– macro-, 1800s– makro- (rare). Before a vowel macr-.
Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek μακρο-.
Etymology: < ancient Greek μακρο-, combining form of μακρός long, large (see meagre adj.), found in a large number of ancient Greek and later Greek formations and in classical Latin and post-classical Latin loans from these. Found in loans (as macrocosm n., macrology n.) from early 17th cent.; English formations are found from 1820s. Compare French macro- (formations in which are found from beginning of 19th cent.), German makro- (formations in which are found from at least end of 18th cent.: see macrobiotic adj.). Frequently forming words used contrastively with corresponding formations in micro- comb. form (see further spec. senses below).The position of the stress differs between compounds of macro- in accordance with the general stress patterns of English. Contrastive stress may also give rise contextually to primary stress on the first syllable of the prefix in compounds where the stress ordinarily falls elsewhere.
1. Forming terms (esp. in Biology and Crystallography) in which macro- denotes relatively large size or the existence of smaller individuals, chiefly in contrast with similar words beginning micro-.
a.
macrococcus n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈkɒkəs/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈkɑkəs/
,
/ˌmækrəˈkɑkəs/
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of
vibrio1850
micrococcus1870
microzyme1870
Spirillum1875
mycothrix1876
leptothrix1877
Spirochaete1877
streptococcus1877
Actinomyces1879
frogspawn1880
schizophyte1880
schizomycetes1881
gonococcus1882
saprophile1882
vibrion1882
coccus1883
diplococcus1883
streptobacteria1883
Clostridium1884
actinomycetes1885
pneumococcus1885
macrococcus1887
staphylococcus1887
iron bacterium1888
Proteus1888
ferrobacterium1890
meningococcus1890
rhizobium1890
sulphobacteria1890
nitrobacterium1891
Streptothrix1891
sulphur bacterium1891
myxobacter1892
Myxococcus1892
tetracoccus1893
coli1894
Pasteurella1895
pyrotoxin1895
Gaertner1897
purple bacterium1897
myxobacterium1898
pseudomonas1899
thiobacteria1900
treponema1908
corynebacterium1909
mycobacterium1909
Salmonella1913
Neisseria1915
botulinum1916
rickettsia1916
leptospira1918
acetobacter1920
Brucella1920
pseudomonad1921
strep1927
enterobacterium1929
opportunist1937
eubacterium1939
agrobacterium1942
persister1944
Moraxella1948
enteric1956
streptomycete1956
leptospire1957
transformant1957
lysogen1958
listeria1961
C. difficile1962
yersinia1967
Campylobacter1971
cyanobacterium1973
coryneform1976
eubacterium1977
legionella1979
acetogen1982
C. diff.1990
acidophilous1996
1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi 458 Cocci..are distinguished..according to their dimensions into micrococci, macrococci, and monad-forms.
macro-farad n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌfarad/
,
/ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌfarəd/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌfɛˌræd/
,
/ˈmækroʊˌfɛrəd/
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > unit of measurement
Coulomb1881
macro-farad1904
1904 N.E.D. at Macro- Macro-farad.
macrogonidium n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ɡəˈnɪdɪəm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊɡəˈnɪdiəm/
now rare
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > part(s) of
pelt1759
pelta1760
scutellum1760
scyphus1777
shield1796
podetium1814
apothecium1830
cistella1832
rhizine1832
scypha1832
soredium1836
amphigastria1842
gonidium1845
macrogonidium1853
hypothallus1855
crustaceous lichens1856
pycnide1856
perianth1857
isidium1866
thamnium1866
endospore1875
perigynium1882
pseudocyphella1882
thecium1882
parathecium1921
soralium1921
1853 A. Henfrey tr. A. Braun Refl. on Phenomenon of Rejuvenescence in Nature in A. Henfrey Bot. & Physiol. Mem. 137 Plants with two kinds of moving germ-cells, large (macrogonidia) and small (microgonidia).
1872 H. C. Wood Contrib. Hist. Freshwater Algæ (1874) 99 Non-sexual propagation taking place by means of motile gonidia (both macrogonidia and microgonidia, by some called zoogonidia).
1977 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 131 306 Propagation forms observed were nonmotile, spherical cells that arose by simple (‘macrogonidia’) or multiple (‘microgonidia’) septation of the filamental tips.
1983 D. L. Hawksworth et al. Ainsworth & Bisby's Dict. Fungi (ed. 7) 227/1 Macrogonidium, a large gonidium (obsol.).
macromerozoite n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)mɛrə(ʊ)ˈzəʊʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌmɛrəˈzoʊˌaɪt/
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > class Sporozoa > [noun] > spore produced by fission
merozoite1900
macromerozoite1903
1903 E. A. Minchin in E. R. Lankester Treat. on Zool. I. ii. 256 Within the cytocyst the schizont may break up into smaller micromerozoites or larger macromerozoites.
1988 Jrnl. Wildlife Dis. 24 610 Schizonts were generally 16 to 28 μm by 11 to 16 μm and contained merozoites of two distinct sizes (macromerozoites, nuclei 1.0 μm; micromerozoites, nuclei 0.5 μm).
macroorganism n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊˈɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/
,
/ˌmakrəʊˈɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈɔrɡəˌnɪz(ə)m/
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > [noun]
structure1683
organization1707
individual1746
series1748
organism1834
macroorganism1941
1941 A. F. Gustafson Soils & Soil Managem. iii. 52 The macroorganisms are those which may normally be distinguished with the unaided eye.
1989 Nature 2 Feb. 459/1 Macroorganisms produce flashes of relatively high-intensity light with emission maxima clustered at around 460–490 nm.
1994 Immunol. & Infectious Dis. 4 142 Melioidosis and glanders bacteria were found to form a protective capsule in macroorganisms.
macroschizont n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈskʌɪzɒnt/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈskɪzɒnt/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈskɪˌzɑnt/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈskɪtˌsɑnt/
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > [noun] > member of > parts of > cell that divides asexually
schizont1900
agamont1911
macroschizont1912
1912 E. A. Minchin Introd. Study Protozoa xv. 373 The two limbs of the U-shaped body within the corpuscle fuse together to produce a bean-shaped parasite—the macroschizont.
1912 E. A. Minchin Introd. Study Protozoa xv. 373 In H. nicoræ, however, the macroschizont is set free in a capillary of the lung.
1976 Nature 27 May 311/2 So far, however, tissue culture methods have not produced all stages of the parasite subsequent to the macroschizont; namely microschizonts, micromerozoites and piroplasms.
macroseptum n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈsɛptəm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈsɛptəm/
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [noun] > separation or partition
mediastinum?a1425
mediastine?c1425
septum1543
paries1694
interseptum1753
cameration1863
abstriction1877
abjunction1887
macroseptum1904
1904 N.E.D. at Macro- Macro-septum.
1997 Invertebr. Reprod. & Develop. 31 177 With few exceptions gametogenesis [in the suborder Macrocnemina] occurs only in non-directive macrosepta.
macrostylospore n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈstʌɪləspɔː/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈstaɪləˌspɔr/
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of > reproductive parts
capsule1693
perithecium1800
aecidium1821
hymenium1830
pseudoperidium1832
pseudoperithecium1832
disc1842
trichidium1842
spicule1843
sporophore1849
stylospore1851
pycnide1856
cyst1857
pycnidium1857
basidium1858
cystidium1858
basidiospore1859
conidium1861
pollinarium1861
gonosphere1865
hymenophorum1866
spicula1866
teleutospore1866
promycelium1867
gonosphaerium1873
hymenophore1874
paracyst1874
sterigma1874
pollinodium1875
scolecite1875
uredospore1875
metuloid1879
operculum1879
uredo1879
aecidiospore1880
pycnidiospore1880
uredo-fruit1882
chlamydospore1884
teleutosorus1884
fruitcake1885
ascocarp1887
periplasm1887
pycnospore1887
pyrenocarp1887
macrostylospore1894
autobasidium1895
oidium1895
zygophore1904
aeciospore1905
aecium1905
pycniospore1905
teliospore1905
telium1905
uredinium1905
uredosorus1905
fruit-body1912
sporodochium1913
probasidium1916
fruiting body1918
pycnium1926
holobasidium1928
protoperithecium1937
uredium1937
1894 G. M. Gould Student's Med. Dict. (ed. 8) 717/2 Macrostylospore.
macrozoogonidium n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)zuː(ə)ɡəˈnɪdɪəm/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)zəʊəɡəˈnɪdɪəm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌzoʊəɡəˈnɪdiəm/
,
/ˌmækroʊˌzu(ə)ɡəˈnɪdiəm/
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > algae > [noun] > parts, cells, or spores
anthosperm1844
trichosporangium1857
zoogonidium1857
octospore1870
macrozoogonidium1880
parthenospore1881
akinete1884
parthenogonidium1885
parthenosperm1889
phycobilin1945
phycobiliprotein1966
phycobilisome1966
phycoplast1972
1880 C. E. Bessey Bot. 223 The protoplasmic contents of certain cells [of Hydrodictyon] break up into a large number of daughter-cells (macrozoogonidia).
macrozoospore n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈzuː(ə)spɔː/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈzəʊəspɔː/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈzoʊəˌspɔr/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈzu(ə)ˌspɔr/
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > spore
sporule1819
zoocarp1824
zoospore1842
propagule1858
swarm-spore1859
macrozoospore1875
zygozoospore1881
swarm-cell1882
sporangiospore1889
planospore1904
planont1914
1875 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 15 396 Macrozoospores (which germinate asexually).
b.
macro-axis n.
Brit. /ˈmakrəʊˌaksɪs/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌæksəs/
Crystallography the longer of the two lateral axes in orthorhombic and triclinic crystals.
ΚΠ
1872 T. Egleston Lect. Mineral. Errata If the brachy axis is placed in front, the formulæ for the macro and brachy domes are right. If the macro axis is placed in front, the formulæ should read [etc.].
1966 R. Webster Pract. Gemmol. (ed. 4) iii. 20 The seven crystal systems... The main axis is placed vertically and the lateral axes pass through the sides; they are termed the macro axis for the longer of the two and the brachy axis for the shorter.
macrochaeta n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈkiːtə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈkidə/
,
/ˌmækrəˈkidə/
(also macrochaete; plural macrochaetae, macrochaetes) Entomology a large or differentiated bristle as found on the bodies of certain insects, esp. dipteran flies.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > villosity or ciliation > [noun] > hairiness > bristle
bristlea1300
jag1519
hispidity1660
macrochaeta1881
1881 C. R. Osten-Sacken in Mittheilungen des Münchener Entomol. Vereins 5 121 The characters derived from the number and position of bristles (macrochaetae), have been gradually gaining ground in dipterology.
1925 A. D. Imms Gen. Textbk. Entomol. 600 The study of the arrangement of the macrochætæ or differentiated bristles of flies is termed by Osten-Sacken chætotaxy. His important paper (1884) emphasised the value of these structures for classificatory purposes.
1996 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 135 1291 The actin bundles in Drosophila bristles run the length of the bristle cell and are accordingly 65 μm (microchaetes) or 400 μm (macrochaetes) in length, depending on the bristle type.
macrochromosome n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈkrəʊməsəʊm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈkroʊməˌsoʊm/
Biology a large chromosome, esp. in the karyotype of a bird or reptile.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome
chromoplastid1885
accessory chromosome1899
chromoplast1902
X1902
heterochromosome1904
idiochromosome1905
macrochromosome1905
allosome1906
autosome1906
monosome1906
sex chromosome1906
supernumerary1907
X chromosome1911
Y chromosome1911
univalent1912
euchromosome1914
W1917
monosome1921
tetrasome1921
trisome1921
heterosome1938
isochromosome1939
trisomic1939
metacentric1945
acrocentric1949
polycentric1953
Philadelphia chromosome1961
monocentric1979
1905 E. B. Wilson in Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 2 375 Especially large or small chromosomes may be designated as ‘macrochromosomes’ or ‘microchromosomes’, irrespective of their behavior.
1987 E. W. Burr Compan. Bird Med. xxviii. 199/1 Heterochromatic composition of W chromosomes is uniform, which enhances their identity from other macrochromosomes with large nonfluorescing areas.
macroconidium n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)kə(ʊ)ˈnɪdɪəm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊkəˈnɪdiəm/
(plural macroconidia) [compare French macroconidie (1867 in Littré)] Botany a large or long conidium; spec. the larger (usually more diagnostic) of two distinct types of conidium in certain fungi.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > part of
capsule1883
conidium1925
macroconidium1930
nucleoid1938
muramic acid1957
mucopeptide1959
mesosome1960
rhapidosome1963
murein1964
peptidoglycan1966
1930 Phytopathology 20 898 Very young colonies of Type C form an abundance of microconidia and a few macroconidia, but, as they grow older, macroconidia appear in great numbers.
1988 Q. N. Myrvik & R. S. Weiser Fund. Med. Bacteriol. & Mycol. (ed. 2) xxxvi. 504 Some fungi have both microconidia and macroconidia; other species have one or the other.
macrodiagonal n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)dʌɪˈaɡ(ə)nl/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)dʌɪˈaɡn̩l/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌdaɪˈæɡən(ə)l/
Crystallography = macro-axis n.; (also as adj.) relating to a macro-axis.
ΚΠ
1848 N. Webster Dict. Eng. Lang. Macro~diagonal.
1858 J. L. W. Thudichum Treat. Pathol. Urine 143 The planes..of the macrodiagonal prism [are inclined] at an angle of 85° 14′.
1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 360/1 To the greater lateral axis the name macrodiagonal is given.
macroemulsion n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊᵻˈmʌlʃn/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊəˈməlʃ(ə)n/
,
/ˌmækroʊiˈməlʃ(ə)n/
Physics and Chemistry an emulsion in which the droplet size is relatively large, or greater than some specified value.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [noun] > emulsion
emulsion1612
macroemulsion1975
1975 Jrnl. Colloid & Interface Sci. 52 185/2 Macroemulsions scatter white light. Microemulsions scatter light in the Tyndall range, appearing blue to reflected light and orange-red to transmitted. Although there is some overlapping with microemulsions, micellar solutions do not usually scatter light; they are transparent.
1991 New Scientist 25 May 43/2 If you shake a mixture of oil and water, one liquid disperses in the other as tiny droplets to form a ‘cloudy macroemulsion’.
macrolecithal adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈlɛsᵻθl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈlɛsəθ(ə)l/
[ < macro- comb. form + -lecithal comb. form] Zoology designating a type of egg having a large yolk compared to those of other groups.
ΚΠ
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Macrolecithal, containing a large amount of yolk: said of certain eggs, like those of birds, reptiles, may insects, crustaceans, etc.
1960 T. H. Eaton Compar. Anat. Vertebr. (ed. 2) ii. 57 Special circumstances have brought about a third type, the macrolecithal egg, in hagfishes, sharks and their relatives, and in the reptiles, birds and monotreme mammals.
1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) v. 109 In the sharks and skates..and reptiles and birds..we find eggs of large size, the macrolecithal type, with yolk constituting most of the volume of the cell.
macronodular adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈnɒdjᵿlə/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈnɒdʒᵿlə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈnɑdʒələr/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈnɑdjələr/
[compare earlier micronodular adj. at micro- comb. form 1a(d)] Pathology characterized by the presence of large nodules; frequently in macronodular cirrhosis; cf. micronodular.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > swelling > [adjective]
swollenc1325
bolnedc1380
botchya1398
tumid?1541
tumefied1597
tumefacted1598
proud1607
tumoured1635
hobbeda1722
swelled1733
all of a lump1738
jogged1746
nodular1872
youstered1894
micronodular1960
macronodular1967
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > disorders of liver
hepatitis1699
liver rot1785
liver1805
gin liver1830
nutmeg liver1833
cirrhosis1839
Laennec's cirrhosis1839
gin drinker's liver1845
yellow atrophy1845
hobnailed liver1849
red atrophy1849
hobnail liver1882
fascioliasis1884
infectious hepatitis1891
distomatosis1892
distomiasis1892
hepatomegalia1893
infective hepatitis1896
spirit liver1896
hepatoma1905
hepatosplenomegalia1930
Pick's syndrome1932
serum hepatitis1943
Pick's syndrome1955
micronodular cirrhosis1960
macronodular cirrhosis1967
hep1975
1967 Jrnl. Clin. Pathol. 20 748/1 In some livers..there was indeed a superficial resemblance to macronodular cirrhosis of the incomplete septal type.
1976 G. M. Edington & H. M. Gilles Pathol. in Tropics (ed. 2) xi. 542 The terms portal and postnecrotic would probably be better expressed morphologically as micronodular and macronodular respectively.
1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) xvii. 163 In macronodular cirrhosis it [sc. the liver] is usually small and coarsely scarred.
1998 Clin. Endocrinol. 48 45 One patient with macronodular adrenal hyperplasia showed significant suppression of plasma cortisol.
macropetalous adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈpɛtələs/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈpɛtl̩əs/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈpɛdl̩əs/
,
/ˌmækrəˈpɛdl̩əs/
[ < macro- comb. form + -petalous comb. form, after scientific Latin macropetalus (as a specific epithet); compare earlier micropetalous adj. at micro- comb. form 1a(d)] Botany rare having long or large petals.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having or relating to parts > of or having petals
foliaceous1658
monopetalous1687
pentapetalous1687
polypetalous1687
hose-in-hose1688
monopetalose1693
pentapetalose1693
tetrapetalose1694
tetrapetalous1697
tripetalose1698
tripetalous1704
hexapetalous1707
petalous1719
petaloid1720
planipetalous1730
petaline1783
petaliform1788
petalled1793
polypetal1803
hexapetaloid1813
hexapetaloideous1830
tripetaloid1830
tripetaloideous1830
unipetalous1831
petaliferous1847
macropetalous1857
sympetalous1870
apopetalous1875
anisopetalous1880
petally1888
thread-petalled1899
thousand-petalled1951
decapetalous-
synpetalous-
1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Macropetalus, having large petals..: macropetalous.
† macrophylline adj. [ < macro- comb. form + -phylline comb. form] Botany Obsolete rare (of a lichen) having a foliose thallus with large lobes.
ΚΠ
1871 W. A. Leighton Lichen-flora 55 Thallus macrophylline.
macrophyllous adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈfɪləs/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈfɪləs/
,
/ˌmækrəˈfɪləs/
[ < macro- comb. form + -phyllous comb. form, probably after scientific Latin macrophyllus (as a specific epithet); compare Hellenistic Greek μακρόϕυλλος , and microphyllous adj.] Botany having large or long leaves or fronds; (of a leaf) large; spec. (in the Raunkiaer system of leaf size classification) designating a leaf with a surface area of 180–1640 square centimetres, or a plant bearing such a leaf.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > plant defined by leaves > [adjective] > having leaves of particular shape or size
broad-leaved1552
long-leaved1562
narrow-leaved1578
round-leaved1597
small-leaved1597
long-leafed1629
rosemary-leaved1633
rue-leaved1633
teretifolious1657
cut-leaved1731
longleaf1733
channel-leaved1758
halberd-shaped1770
alder-leaved1772
oak-leaved1776
holly-leaved1777
ivy-leaved1789
halberd-headed1795
daisy-leaved1796
narrow-leaf1804
oblique-leaved1807
sword-leaved1807
wing-leaved1822
flaggy1842
curly1845
macrophyllous1857
parvifolious1857
shield-leaved1860
curled1861
symphyllous1877
beak-leaved188.
stenophyllous1880
thread-leaved1884
megaphyllous1901
little leaf1908
ivy-leaf1909
1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Macrophyllus..macrophyllous.
1932 Ecology 13 33 The grassland area has a small percentage of macrophyllous leaves.
1965 D. R. Harris Plants, Animals, & Man in Outer Leeward Islands ii. 11 Trees and shrubs with evergreen, leathery (sclerophyllous) leaves are abundant in all three islands, while deciduous, small-leaved (microphyllous) species also form an important element in the flora of Antigua. By contrast, evergreen broad-leaved (macrophyllous) trees and shrubs are restricted to Antigua.
1983 Feddes Repertorium 94 239 The leaves are..macrophyllous in Anemia.
macropinacoid n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈpɪnəˌkɔɪd/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈpɪnəˌkɔɪd/
,
/ˌmækrəˈpɪnəˌkɔɪd/
Crystallography a pinacoid parallel to the vertical and macrodiagonal axes of a crystal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystals (other miscellaneous) > [noun] > crystal planes
pinacoid1858
macropinacoid1883
1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 360/2 The limiting macropinacoid.
1960 F. H. Pough Field Guide Rocks & Minerals (ed. 3) iv. 50 The face pairs paralleling each other at opposite ends of the axes are the pinacoids, known respectively as basal, front, and side, or basal, macro- and brachypinacoids.
macropleural adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈplʊər(ə)l/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈplɔːr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈplʊrəl/
[ < macro- comb. form + pleural adj.2] Palaeontology rare (of a trilobite) having long pleura.
ΚΠ
1881 Academy 22 Oct. 315 The macropleural and brachypleural types.
1886 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 132 475 Reasons for believing that the Brachypleural species of the genus Paradoxides are more recent than the Macropleural.
1995 Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 64 193 The location of macropleural spines, which may indicate the location of the gonopores or anus, generally falls at the predicted duplomeres.
macroprism n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌprɪz(ə)m/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌprɪz(ə)m/
Crystallography a prism of an orthorhombic crystal between the macropinacoid and the unit prism.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > specific crystal forms > [noun]
tripyramid1828
trisoctahedron1837
fluoroid1850
sphenoid1855
discalenohedron1872
prism1878
tetrakis-hexahedron1878
galenoid1882
macroprism1883
semi-form1895
tetartohedron1895
tetrakisdodecahedron1895
trichite1900
1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 360/2 On the one side originate numerous macroprisms.
macropyramid n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈpɪrəmɪd/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈpɪrəˌmɪd/
Crystallography a pyramid corresponding to a macroprism.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > specific crystal forms > [noun] > miscellaneous others
pyramid1748
hemihedron1837
pyritohedron1841
adamantoid1850
pyritoid1850
orthoprism1872
orthopyramid1872
polyprism1873
macropyramid1883
shish kebab1966
1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 360/2 A new pyramid is produced, named a macropyramid.
macroradical n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈradᵻkl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈrædək(ə)l/
Chemistry a large radical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > [noun] > compounds > element or atom forming the base of a compound
radical1788
radicle1797
macroradical1967
1967 Jrnl. Polymer Sci. Polymer Symp. No. 16. 702 The measure of the ability of macroradicals to form interpolymer bonds by interpolymer combination.
1980 Chem. in Brit. 16 484/2 The macroradical P. then initiates the radical chain process.
macrosegregation n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)sɛɡrᵻˈɡeɪʃn/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌsɛɡrəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n/
Metallurgy large-scale variation in the composition of a casting or ingot caused by the gradual separation (esp. from the surface to the centre) of the different constituents of the molten alloy as it solidifies.
ΚΠ
1967 Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 239 1449/2 Macrosegregation is often influenced by..thermal changes.
1978 Nature 16 Nov. 209/2 This technique of making final products has the advantages that macrosegregation is entirely eliminated, large amounts of solute can be held in metastable equilibrium which makes possible new levels of precipitation-hardening, and the consolidated product can have very fine grain sizes.
1994 Proc. Internat. Conf. Thermoelectr. 12 49 (heading) Investigation of macrosegregation of tellurium in..BiSbTe3 crystals.
macrospicule n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈspɪkjuːl/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈspʌɪkjuːl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈspɪˌkjul/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈspɪˌkjul/
Astronomy a large jet of chromosphere material in the solar corona, sometimes attaining a length of 18,000 miles (30,000 km).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sun > [noun] > chromosphere > spicule
jet1871
spicule1945
macrospicule1975
1975 J. D. Bohlin et al. in Astrophysical Jrnl. 197 l133/1 A striking feature of the He ii 304 Å solar images..is the fact that the polar caps are extremely ragged compared with the smoother limb seen at lower latitudes. Close inspection shows that the limb over the polar caps is composed of a nearly continuous band of jets, either pointed or cylindrical, ranging in length from less than ∼5″ to more than 60″. Because of their size compared to the well-known Hα spicules, we have chosen to call these features macrospicules.
1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 860/1 These transient energy releases produce small-scale..jet-like phenomena, such as spicules and macrospicules, which have upward velocities of 25–150 km s−1.
1996 Solar Physics 165 115 So-called macrospicules, or spikes, extend up to 30 000 km.
macrostylous adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈstʌɪləs/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈstaɪləs/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈstaɪləs/
[ < macro- comb. form + -stylous comb. form, after scientific Latin macrostylus (as a specific epithet); compare microstylous adj.] Botany rare having a long style.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having particular shape, form, or arrangement
papilionaceous1668
umbellated1682
fistulous1690
umbelliferous1753
umbellate1760
butterfly-shaped1763
starry-eyed1793
umbelled1793
agglomerate1849
macrostylous1857
mesostylous1887
umbelliform1891
1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Macrostylus, having a very long style..: macrostylous.
1887 H. M. Ward tr. J. von Sachs Lect. Physiol. Plants 790 The pollen of the macrostylous flowers is transferred to the microstylous stigma of another plant.
macrotous adj.
Brit. /maˈkrəʊtəs/
,
/məˈkrəʊtəs/
,
U.S. /mæˈkroʊdəs/
,
/məˈkroʊdəs/
[ < macro- comb. form + ancient Greek ὠτ- , οὖς ear (see oto- comb. form); compare medieval Greek μακρώτης] rare having long ears.
ΚΠ
1840 B. H. Smart Walker's Crit. Pronouncing Dict. Macrotous, long-eared.
† macrotypous adj. [ < macro- comb. form + type n. + -ous suffix; compare orthotypous adj. at ortho- comb. form 1, staurotypous adj. at stauro- comb. form , brachytypous adj. at brachy- comb. form ] Mineralogy Obsolete having a long form.
ΚΠ
1821 R. Jameson Man. Mineral. 55 Macro~typous Limestone.
1861 H. W. Bristow Gloss. Mineral. 224/1 Macrotypous kouphone-spar, Mohs. See Levyne. Macrotypous lime-haloid, Mohs. See Dolomite.
2. Forming terms (esp. in Biology and Medicine) in which macro- denotes abnormal enlargement.
macrencephaly n.
Brit. /ˌmakrɛnˈsɛfəli/
,
/ˌmakrɛnˈsɛfl̩i/
,
/ˌmakrɛnˈkɛfəli/
,
/ˌmakrɛnˈkɛfl̩i/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrɛnˈsɛfəli/
(also macroencephaly) Medicine abnormal enlargement of the brain.
ΚΠ
1956 Funk's Standard Dict. Macrencephaly.
1979 Helvetica Paediatrica Acta 34 146 (title) Postaxial polydactyly, hallux duplication, absence of the corpus callosum, macrencephaly and severe mental retardation: a new syndrome?
1989 Clin. Genetics 36 465 A child with an unusual pattern of malformations: severe delay in bone maturation.., relative macroencephaly.., skeletal abnormalities.., and developmental delay.
macrocheilia n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈkʌɪlɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈkaɪliə/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈkaɪliə/
(also †macrochilia) [ < macro- comb. form + ancient Greek χεῖλος lip (see chilopod n.) + -ia suffix1; compare French macrochilie (1892), macrocheilie (1906)] Medicine abnormal enlargement or thickening of one or both lips.
ΚΠ
1883 Ashhurst's Internat. Encycl. Surg. III. 34 Macro~chilia.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 455 Macrocheilia is a similar condition to macroglossia.
1992 Oral Surg., Oral Med., Oral Pathol. 73 56 An inflammatory nodule, 3 cm in diameter, on the left side of the upper lip...Its size resulted in macrocheila.
macrocranial adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈkreɪnɪəl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈkreɪniəl/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈkreɪniəl/
Physical Anthropology having a long skull; macrocephalic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > skull measurement > [adjective] > types
short-headed1802
beloid1833
microcephalous1840
platycephalous1846
long-skulled1847
round-headed1847
brachycephalic1849
dolichocephalic1849
acrocephalic1855
megacephalous1857
microcephalic1857
cymbocephalic1861
macrocephalous1861
platycephalic1861
macrocephalic1863
phaenozygous1863
dolichocephalous1864
homoeocephalic1866
mecistocephalic1866
mecocephalic1866
mesocephalic1866
orthocephalic1866
stenocephalic1866
cryptozygous1867
megalocephalic1868
aphanozygous1871
brachycephalous1872
orthocephalous1872
mesaticephalic1873
plagiocephalic1873
plagiocephalic1874
mesaticephalous1876
mesorrhine1877
platyrrhine1877
cylindro-cephalic1878
eurycephalic1878
hypsistenocephalic1878
megaseme1878
mesoseme1878
microseme1878
oxycephalic1878
oxyklinocephalic1878
platybasic1878
pyrgocephalic1878
tapinocephalic1878
megacephalic1879
hypsiconchous1885
mesoconchous1885
chamaeprosopic1886
leptocephalic1886
mesorrhinian1887
long-headed1888
tectocephalic1888
mecistocephalous1890
megalocephalous1890
plagiocephalous1890
mesocephal1891
stegoid1894
brachycranial1902
chamaecephalic1902
chamaeconchic1902
chamaecranial1902
macrocranial1902
platycranial1902
stenocranial1904
mesoconch1905
mesoconchic1909
hypsiconch1920
Lapponoid1939
hypsiconchic1960
1902 Biometrika 1 462 Dolichocephaly and chamaecephaly in both races are associated with macrocranial characters.
1907 Practitioner Aug. 318 The population of the south-west of Scotland, exclusive of Glasgow, is longheaded or macrocranial.
macroglossia n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒsɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈɡlɔsiə/
,
/ˌmækrəˈɡlɑsiə/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈɡlɔsiə/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈɡlɑsiə/
[ < macro- comb. form + -glossia comb. form, probably after French macroglossie (1853); compare microglossia n. at micro- comb. form 3] Medicine abnormal enlargement of the tongue.
ΚΠ
1862 New Sydenham Soc. Year-bk. 117 Case of Macroglossia.
1957 L. E. Travis Handbk. Speech Pathol. xxi. 643 Lingual deformities of various sorts include..macroglossia (enlarged tongue).
1991 Lancet 9 Mar. 597/2 Some patients with obstructive sleep apnoea..have obvious anatomical abnormalities, such as micrognathia, enlarged tonsils or adenoids, macroglossia, and soft palate hypertrophy.
macromelia n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈmiːlɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈmiliə/
,
/ˌmækrəˈmiliə/
[ < macro- comb. form + ancient Greek μέλος limb (see melos n.) + -ia suffix1, probably after French macromélie (1867); compare earlier micromelia n.] Medicine abnormal enlargement of a limb.
ΚΠ
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 452 They..may occur on the limbs, giving rise to macro~melia.
1983 S. Afr. Med. Jrnl. 64 906/2 In macromelia the abnormality is confined to a limb or limbs and may be unilateral or crossed.
macrophallic adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈfalɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈfælɪk/
having a large phallus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [adjective] > penis > having large
well hanged1611
membrous1613
well-hung1637
macrophallic1857
well-endowed1951
1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Macrophallicus..: macrophallic.
1970 F. Snowden Blacks in Antiq. 23 The circumcised and macrophallic Ethiopians.
1972 Sunday Times 23 Apr. 43 Commercial porn..with its inevitable distortions, brutalised women and macrophallic faceless men.
macrostoma n.
Brit. /maˈkrɒstəmə/
,
/məˈkrɒstəmə/
,
U.S. /mæˈkrɑstəmə/
,
/məˈkrɑstəmə/
Medicine rare = macrostomia n.
ΚΠ
1897 G. M. Gould & W. L. Pyle Anomalies & Curiosities Med. vi. 253 Anomalies in size of the mouth are not uncommon... Morgan reports two cases of congenital macrostoma.
macrostomia n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈstəʊmɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈstoʊmiə/
(also †makrostomia) [ < macro- comb. form + ancient Greek στόμα mouth (see stoma n.) + -ia suffix1; compare xerostomia n. at xero- comb. form , French macrostomie (1900)] Medicine a congenital anomaly in which there is abnormal extension of one or both angles of the mouth, caused by abnormal fusion of the maxillary and mandibular processes of the embryo.
ΚΠ
1875 C. H. Jones & E. H. Sieveking Man. Pathol. Anat. (ed. 2) xxxv. 535 Makro~stomia, prolongation of the corners of the mouth.
1993 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Genetics 47 20/1 Barber and Say presented a previously unreported pattern of multiple congenital anomalies..consisting of macrostomia, ectropion, etc.
3. [Probably after macrocosm n.]
a. Forming terms in which macro- indicates subject matter treated on a larger scale, or more comprehensive phenomena or levels of treatment, than is implied either by the word to which macro- is attached or by the corresponding term beginning micro-.
(a)
(i)
macroplanning n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌplanɪŋ/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌplænɪŋ/
,
/ˈmækrəˌplænɪŋ/
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun]
compassinga1300
compassmentc1300
ordainingc1350
ordinancec1385
imaginationa1393
conjectmentc1400
before-castinga1425
forecastinga1425
imagininga1449
conjectinga1450
machinationc1550
platforming1560
plotting1593
contrivement1599
agitation1600
contrival1602
contrivage1610
projection1611
projectment1611
contrivance1647
politics1650
digestion1680
planning1730
contriving1751
scheme1790
scheming1813
schemery1822
replanning1853
mapping1856
macroplanning1966
1966 Economist 11 June 1206/1 To mention only a few [contributions], largely concerned with macro-planning: welfare-theoretical problems and planner's and consumer's sovereignty are the theme of Joan Robinson.
1992 Appl. Linguistics 13 4 Macroplanning involves the elaboration of communicative goals/intentions and the retrieval of the information needed to express these goals.
macrosociological adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)səʊʃ(ɪ)əˈlɒdʒᵻkl/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)səʊsɪəˈlɒdʒᵻkl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌsoʊsiəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/
,
/ˌmækroʊˌsoʊʃ(i)əˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > study of society > [adjective]
sociala1770
sociological1843
sociologic1851
social scientific1856
macrosociological1951
1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization i. 18 If the distinguishing feature of the anthropologist is micro-sociological technique, his theory is macro-sociological.
1988 European Social Rev. 4 95 Macrosociological theories emphasize the actions of interest groups, social classes.
macrosociology n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)səʊʃɪˈɒlədʒi/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)səʊsɪˈɒlədʒi/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌsoʊsiˈɑlədʒi/
,
/ˌmækroʊˌsoʊʃ(i)ˈɑlədʒi/
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > study of society > [noun]
social sciencea1770
sociology1842
social studies1853
humanics1860
societology1883
human ecology1907
macrosociology1941
1941 G. Gurvitch in Jrnl. Philos. 38 486 Macrosociology is the study of the world of groups and of global societies, each of which are microcosms of the forms of sociality.
1958 W. Stark Sociol. of Knowl. i. 20 It might be useful..to call the one the macrosociology of knowledge, because it fixes its attention on the inclusive society.
1973 P. F. Lazarsfeld Main Trends in Sociol. p. ix In recent years, ‘macrosociology’ has again become a dominant concern for sociologists.
macro-strategy n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌstratᵻdʒi/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌstrædədʒi/
,
/ˈmækrəˌstrædədʒi/
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > planning a course of action
strategy1829
strategizing1915
game playing1916
macro-strategy1968
strategery2000
1968 Times 1 Nov. 27/7 But it is impossible for a government nowadays to have no macro-strategy; and Mr. Heath's Carshalton speech in 1967 gave a glimpse of one in embryo.
1992 Internat. Rev. Appl. Linguistics in Lang. Teaching 33 227 To test the major hypothesis of the study a frequency count of the use of each macro-strategy by each subject was primarily done for each task.
macro-system n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌsɪstᵻm/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌsɪstəm/
,
/ˈmækrəˌsɪstəm/
ΚΠ
1970 M. D. Marien in E. O. Attinoer Global Syst. Dynamics iv. 227/1 The term ‘macro-system’ or ‘macro-organization’ is proposed as a generic category for these three types of systems.
1987 NATFHE Jrnl. Mar. 13/1 While NAB nationally plans triennially, the macro-system is funded yearly.
1995 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. (Electronic ed.) 86 310 Wachs distinguishes four environmental levels relative to the development of a child. He calls these the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem levels, respectively.
macro-world n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)wəːld/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌwər(ə)ld/
,
/ˈmækrəˌwər(ə)ld/
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > present life
worldeOE
this lifeOE
world-lifeOE
sithea1225
journey?c1225
pilgrimagec1384
weeping-dalec1400
valec1446
peregrinationc1475
scene1662
shades1816
earth life1842
macro-world1968
1968 N.Y. Times 3 Aug. 23/2 The illustrations..cover both the micro and macroworld of nature.
1990 L. Picknett Encycl. Paranormal 251/2 This strange and beautiful sub-atomic universe is forever hidden to our senses, geared as they are to the macroworld of seeming reality.
1996 Sunday Tel. 13 Oct. (Review section) 19/2 If her micro-world is functioning smoothly, and there isn't too much travelling, Alice won't give a hoot about the macro-world—Belgium or Belsize Park, Prague, Périgord or Penrith, she won't care.
(ii)
macro-historical adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊhɪˈstɒrᵻkl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊhɪˈstɔrək(ə)l/
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the past > history or knowledge about the past > [adjective] > relating to or concerned with history
historical1521
historian1632
macro-historical1955
1955 Bull. Atomic Scientists Feb. 42/2 There are some who profess to see in matters of culture, in matters precisely of the arts and sciences, a certain macro-historical pattern, a grand system of laws which determines the course of civilization and gives a kind of inevitable quality to the unfolding of the future.
(b)
macro-engineering n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊɛn(d)ʒᵻˈnɪərɪŋ/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌɛndʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/
the design and construction of engineering projects on the largest scale possible.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > engineering > [noun] > branches of
waterwork?a1560
civil engineeringc1770
water engineering1787
millwrighting1821
engineering science1826
hydraulic engineering1835
river engineering1842
structural engineering1859
industrial engineering1860
chemical engineering1861
sanitary engineering1868
biological engineering1898
control engineering1914
radio engineering1915
environmental engineering1946
systems engineering1946
bioengineering1950
value engineering1959
biomedical engineering1961
geoengineering1962
macro-engineering1964
microengineering1964
terotechnology1970
hydroengineering1971
civil1975
mechatronics1976
knowledge engineering1977
1964 New Scientist 12 Mar. 685/1 The real cause of our attachment to macroengineering is at once more subtle and more profound.
1978 N.Y. Times 19 Feb. iv. 7/1 A one-day discussion was held on ‘macro-engineering’ projects—the construction of things so big size alone makes them different from all other things.
1983 Space Solar Power Rev. iv. 65 Macro-engineering is nothing more than the study, preparation, and execution of the largest engineering works which mankind can accomplish at any particular period of time.
macrosocial adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈsəʊʃl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈsoʊʃ(ə)l/
,
/ˌmækrəˈsoʊʃ(ə)l/
[compare French macrosocial (1968)] of or relating to fundamental structures within a society, such as economic or political systems, social and cultural institutions, demographic (esp. ethnic) groupings, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > [adjective]
civilc1443
social1579
sociable1641
civic1655
societal1843
societary1844
worldward1848
macrosocial1969
1969 R. Blackburn in A. Cockburn & R. Blackburn Student Power 170 Gouldner goes on to point out that though this concept [sc. exploitation] has been taboo in macro-social analysis of relations between social groups, this is not the case for micro-social analysis.
1994 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health Service) 109 26 Historically, macrosocial factors created racism, giving special salience to selected physical characteristics or the geographic origin of particular groups.
macrosocietal adj.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)səˈsʌɪətl/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊsəˈsaɪəd(ə)l/
relating to or affecting wider society.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > [adjective] > relating to or affecting wider society
macrosocietal1966
1966 F. Schurmann Ideol. & Organization in Communist China Introd. 3 Every civilized society has complex organizations, ranging from macrosocietal political networks down to the smallest human groupings.
1977 Language 53 180 He misses the interplay between macro-societal factors and language choice in the individual interaction.
1992 Guardian 30 May 23/8 It was the Tories, though initially beleaguered by the new spirit, who learnt how to master it in its macro-societal form.
macro-theorist n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌθɪərɪst/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌθiərəst/
,
/ˈmækroʊˌθɪrəst/
a person who specializes in or studies macro-theory; (spec. in Economics) a macroeconomic theorist.
ΚΠ
1958 J. M. Henderson & R. E. Quandt Microeconomic Theory i. ii. 3 Prices are relevant in macro theories, but macro theorists usually..deal with aggregate price indices.
1968 Amer. Econ. Rev. 58 u6 Salary in the range of $10,000 to $12,000. Preference for a micro-macro theorist or econometrician.
1994 P. Ormerod Death of Econ. (1995) v. 100 Econometricians working with macro-data may often see themselves in the much grander role of arbitrating the disputes between the various schools of macro-theorists.
macro-theory n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌθɪəri/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌθiəri/
,
/ˈmækroʊˌθɪri/
[compare earlier microtheory n. at micro- comb. form 1b(b)] a theory which seeks to encompass all aspects of some subject or phenomenon; (spec. in Economics) [compare macro adj. 3(a)] , macroeconomic theory.
ΚΠ
1958 J. M. Henderson & R. E. Quandt Microeconomic Theory i. ii. 3 Prices are relevant in macro theories, but macro theorists usually..deal with aggregate price indices.
1964 P. Worsley in I. L. Horowitz New Scientist xxii. 370 I for one have no objection to macro-theory and I believe that Mills himself contributed very importantly to the elaboration of what he called ‘master theories’.
1986 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 31 158 What is being offered is a macro-theory of language, instead of..micro-theories.
1994 Atlantic Econ. Jrnl. 22 88 The purpose of the book is to evaluate what has been done to date as preparation for the still pending task of creating a macro theory that explains the alternating phases of expansion and contraction of the economy in one integrated rigorous model.
b.
(a) Linguistics. In a hierarchical genetic classification of languages: denoting a proposed group superordinate to that specified by the second element, comprising related but non-identical languages or dialects; Cf. Macro-Algonquian n.
ΚΠ
1962 R. S. Harrell in F. W. Householder & S. Saporta Probl. Lexicogr. 56 The three ‘macro-dialects’ which are the subject of the Georgetown dictionary project.
1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VII. 859/2 The Penutian languages are sometimes grouped into a yet larger stock, called either Penutian or Macro-Penutian, that includes several Meso-American Indian languages.
1980 Sci. Amer. Feb. 46/2 Although some conventions are shared by the four systems, the languages the systems record belong to three different families: Zapotec and Mixtec belong to the Otomanguean family, Aztec to the Utoaztecan and Maya to the Macro-Mayan.
1991 B. King in Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 36 418 What is proposed..is a family they call Macro-Tungusic (Tungusic, Korean, Japanese).
1996 Handbk. N. Amer. Indians XVII. 96 Distant links for Keresan have been suggested variously with Aztec-Tanoan, Zuni, the now-discredited Hokan-Siouan, and Macro-Siouan.
(b)
macrophylum n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈfʌɪləm/
,
U.S. /ˌmækrəˈfaɪləm/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈfaɪləm/
(also macro-phylum) a grouping of languages of a higher order than a phylum, i.e. including languages believed to be less closely related than those of one phylum.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > [noun] > family of languages
stocka1727
family1762
linguistic stock1846
linguistic family1847
language group1853
language family1863
Rhaeto-Etruscan1939
macrophylum1958
phylum1958
1958 H. Hoijer in R. H. Thompson Migrations in New World Culture Hist. 59 There is no indication that the families of a phylum, or the phyla of a macro-phylum, need be connected by clearly statable phonetic correspondences.
1977 C. F. Voegelin & F. M. Voegelin Classif. & Index World's Langs. 283 The four families and two language isolates which constitute the Macro-Panoan phylum are spread over a wide area from Peru eastward to Brazil and Bolivia and southward to Paraguay and Argentina.
1987 D. Crystal Cambr. Encycl. Lang. l. 292/2 It is evident, for example, that all the aboriginal languages of Australia..are related, but as there is no clear-cut historical evidence which bears on the matter.., scholars often refer to the Australian ‘(macro)phylum’ rather than to the Australian ‘family’.
4. Forming terms in which macro- has the meaning ‘visible to the naked eye, macroscopic’.
macroform n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)fɔːm/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌfɔrm/
,
/ˈmækrəˌfɔrm/
a document that can be read with the naked eye.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > kind of book > size of book > [noun] > large book > reproduction, easily read by unaided eye
macroform1967
1967 Anglo-Amer. Catal. Rules: Brit. Text 267 Macroform, a reproduction large enough to be easily read by the unaided eye. Used in contradistinction to ‘microform’.
1981 L. M. Chan Cataloging & Classification 352 Macroform, a generic term for any medium, transparent or opaque, bearing images large enough to be easily read by the naked eye.
macrofossil n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)ˌfɒsl/
,
/ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈfɒsl/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌfɑs(ə)l/
,
/ˌmækroʊˈfɑs(ə)l/
[compare earlier microfossil n. at micro- comb. form 1a(d)] Palaeontology a fossil discernible to the naked eye.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > fossil > [noun] > types of
astroite1610
belemnite1646
mussel-stone1660
scallop-stone1668
trochite1676
conchite1677
ophiomorphite1677
pectinite1677
worm-stone1677
musculite1681
serpent-stone1681
sugar-plum1681
glossopetraa1684
ague shell1708
forket1708
mytilite1727
grit1748
phytolithus1761
fairy beads1767
fairy fingers1780
fairy arrow1794
gryphite1794
ram's horn1797
hysterolite1799
tubulite1799
thunder-pick1801
celleporite1808
ceraunite1814
seraph1822
serpulite1828
coprolite1829
subfossil1831
pencil1843
trigonellite1845
buccinite1852
rudist1855
guide fossil1867
witch's cradle1867
coccolith1868
fairy cheeses1869
discolith1871
Portland screw1871
spiniferite1872
cyatholith1875
cryptozoon1883
sabellite1889
palaeospecies1895
homoeomorph1898
rudistid1900
megafossil1932
scolecodont1933
macrofossil1937
hystrichosphere1955
palynomorph1961
acritarch1963
molecular fossil1965
mitrate1967
1937 G. D. Hanna in C. L. Camp & G. D. Hanna Methods in Paleont. ii. 79 Under the term macrofossils it will be desirable to treat together many of the larger groups of invertebrates such as the Mollusca, Brachiopoda, Echinodermata, Bryozoa, and Crustacea... All forms more than 10 mm. in diameter will be treated as macrofossils.
1974 A. J. Huxley Plant & Planet ii. 9 Tertiary and Cretaceous sediments in Venezuela and Borneo..yielded a detailed pollen record but virtually no macro-fossils.
1988 Nature 28 Jan. 344/1 We compiled data..tabulating the occurrence of over 3,500 macrofossil species.
macrofungus n.
Brit. /ˌmakrə(ʊ)ˈfʌŋɡəs/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˈfəŋɡəs/
(plural macrofungi) a fungus with a macroscopic fruiting body.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool
froga1398
fungea1398
toadstool1398
paddock-stoola1400
padstoola1400
toad's hatc1440
paddockcheesea1500
campernoyle1527
fungus1527
frogstool1535
bruche1562
fungo1562
champignon1578
toadstool1607
toad's bread1624
canker1640
fung1665
fungoid1734
agaric1777
pixie stool1787
fungillus1794
toad's capa1825
fungal1836
hysterophyte1849
macrofungus1946
1946 Nature 16 Nov. 694/2 Prof. Roger Heim dealt with problems of taxonomy and phylogeny in macrofungi.
1993 Toadstool Rev. Dec. 1/2 It is always of great interest when new fossils of macrofungi are found.
macro-invertebrate n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊɪnˈvəːtᵻbrət/
,
/ˌmakrəʊɪnˈvəːtᵻbreɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊᵻnˈvərdəbrət/
,
/ˌmækroʊᵻnˈvərdəˌbreɪt/
[compare microinvertebrate n. and adj. at micro- comb. form 1a(b)] Ecology a macroscopic invertebrate, esp. one whose shortest dimension is greater than half a millimetre (approx. 1/ 50 inch).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > [noun] > invertebrate
insect1601
beastie1820
invertebrate1826
evertebrate1876
macro-invertebrate1956
invert1965
1956 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 40 313 The marshes..do contain macro-invertebrates which are tolerant of salt water.
1991 R. S. K. Barnes & K. H. Mann Fund. Aquatic Ecol. (ed. 2) iii. 73/2 Abundance of macroinvertebrates (>0.5 mm in length) decreases when fish abundance increases.
1996 Sci. Amer. Jan. 59/1 The survey documented 155 species of macroinvertebrates, which tend to cluster near the banks, between Basel and Düsseldorf. Some of the most common were freshwater sponges, leeches, zebra mussels, [etc.].
macrostate n.
Brit. /ˈmakrə(ʊ)steɪt/
,
U.S. /ˈmækroʊˌsteɪt/
,
/ˈmækrəˌsteɪt/
[compare microstate n.] Physics a macroscopic state of a system.
ΚΠ
1950 F. W. Sears Introd. Thermodynamics xiv. 270 A specification of the number of phase points in each cell of phase space, i.e. of the numbers Ni, is said to define a macrostate of the system.
1991 A. J. M. Garrett in B. Buck & V. A. Macauley Maximum Entropy in Action vi. 140 Define the macrostate as something which is specified by only a few macrovariables, such as pressure P and temperature T. To every macrostate there therefore correspond many microstates.
macrovegetation n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊvɛdʒᵻˈteɪʃn/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊˌvɛdʒəˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
Ecology macroscopic vegetation; vegetation visible to the naked eye.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > plants collectively > [noun]
greenOE
plantage1609
vegetation1744
greenery1816
macrovegetation1958
1958 Jrnl. du Conseil Internat. pour l'Explor. de la Mer 24 32 Samples of macrovegetation were collected in the spring.
1994 Hydrobiologia 279–80 83 The benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage changed..to high diversity and biomass characterized by plant associated forms..in areas covered by macrovegetation.
5.
a. Photography. Denoting apparatus, procedures, etc., used in macrophotography; Cf. macro lens n.1
ΚΠ
1956 Focal Encycl. Photogr. 688/1 A camera with back focusing is a great advantage in macro work.
1961 L. A. Mannheim tr. O. R. Croy Camera Close Up 88 Macro-exposures. Exposures in close-up work have to allow for..the subject and its lighting..and the scale of reproduction.
1968 L. Gaunt & P. Petzold Pict. Cycl. Photogr. 425/2 The main requirement for a macro-camera is adequate lens extension.
b.
macro focusing n.
Brit. /ˌmakrəʊ ˈfəʊkəsɪŋ/
,
U.S. /ˌmækroʊ ˈfoʊkəsɪŋ/
a means or facility for achieving focus in close-up photography; (also) the action of doing this.
ΚΠ
1972 N.Y. Times 9 July 22/4 A super 8 movie camera that features a 10-to-1 zoom lens and macro focusing (down to 5½ inches) has been introduced by Honeywell Photographic Products.
1988 Pract. Photogr. Sept. 78/1 Many modern zoom lenses have what is widely called a macro focusing facility.
1991 Traveller Winter 22/2 A macro-focussing lens is invaluable for close-up photography of flowers.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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