magusn.

Brit.

/ˈmeɪɡəs/, U.S.

/ˈmeɪɡəs/

Inflections: Plural magi Brit.

/ˈmeɪdʒʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˈmeɪˌdʒaɪ/,

/ˈmæˌdʒaɪ/.

Forms: Middle English magy (plural), Middle English– magus, 1500s magos (plural).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin magus.

Etymology: < classical Latin magus (denoting a member of the Persian priestly class, and, more broadly, priests or wise men of other nations; in sense 1 after usage in the Vulgate and in Christian writers, and in sense 2b probably influenced by the epithet of Simon Magus, a magician in Samaria (Acts 8:9–24), regarded from Patristic times as a type of the anti-Christian exponent of magic arts) < ancient Greek μάγος < Old Persian maguš.Occasionally use of magi as singular is noted by usage guides from later 20th cent.

1. Chiefly with capital initial. the (three) Magi: the three ‘wise men’ (see wise man n. 3) or astrologers who came from the East, bearing gifts to the infant Jesus (Matthew 2:1–12); a representation of these.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Biblical personages > Three Kings > [noun]

the three kingsOE

magusc1175

wise manc1384

Three Kings of Colognec1400

sage1667

the three wise men1867

OE Harley Gloss. (1966) 155 Eoi magi, easterne tungelwitegan.]

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7073 Maþþew..seȝȝþ. Þatt ta kalldisskenn kingess..Wærenn magy. ȝehatenn.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. 81 (MED) Wyse men þat tyme Maistres & lettred men Magy [c1400 C text Magi] hem called.

1574 J. Whitgift Def. Aunswere to Admon. 11 First shepherds declared that Christ was borne: then the Magi, that is, the wise men of the East, came to salute him with gifts.

1598 T. Rogers Celestiall Elegies sig. C7 Of the Starre which the Magi did worship at Christes Natiuitie, and of his death.

1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 13 The Magi, that came to Christ.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Balthasar One of the Magi, or wise-men, vulgarly called the three Kings of Collein.

1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 331 A golden medal, said to be among the offerings of the eastern magi to Jesus Christ.

1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 281 Whence the wise men of the East who came to see Christ are called simply Magi.

1884 Altar Hymnal 16 Lo! star-led chieftains, Magi, Christ adoring, Mystic gifts offer Him, incense, gold, and myrrh.

1927 T. S. Eliot (title) The journey of the Magi.

1990 Chicago Sun-Times 30 Nov. i. 30 (caption) Carlson..says the Magi were witness to an unusual celestial event over Bethlehem.

a. A member of an ancient Persian priestly caste which became influential in the development of Zoroastrianism. Hence: a person skilled in eastern magic and astrology; a magician or sorcerer.Originally members of a Median tribe or clan with responsibility for cultic ritual, the magi assumed an important official position with the unification of the Persian Empire in the 6th cent. b.c., adopting and adapting the spreading religion of Zoroastrianism. It is probable that during the Achaemenid period the magi became involved (in Babylon, a major administrative centre) in the magical practices and beliefs subsequently named after them, and in astrology.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > magus

Magian1548

magus1555

mage1585

magusian1587

a1450 (?c1400) Three Kings Cologne (Royal) 49 Seynt Austyn seiþ þat þis word Magi in þe tung of Chaldee is a moche to seye as a Philosophre.

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 1274 Ther saugh I Hermes Ballenus, Limote, and eke Symon Magus.]

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. vii. K iv b [In Persia] their Magi (that is to say men skylfull in y^e secretes of nature).

1572 R. Harrison tr. L. Lavater Of Ghostes iii. i. 179 Pharao..gave himself to be ruled by his Magi or wyse men.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxiii. vi. 231 In these tracts lye the fertile fields of the Magi.

1614 J. Sylvester Bethulia's Rescue v. 301 You Parthians, Cossians, and Arabians too, By your sad Magi's deep prophetlike Charms Sacredly counsell'd.

1621 F. Quarles Hadassa sig. B3 Tyrant Cambyses being dead, and gone,..Mounts vp a Magus, with dissembled right.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 214 Let me rather busie my brains in quest of what a Magus was..under which Title, many Witches, Sorcerers..and other Diaboliques have cloakt their trumperies.

1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 14 There in long Robes the Royal Magi stand, Grave Zoroaster waves the circling Wand.

1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 508 Thy Magus, Goddess! shall perform the rest.

1805 H. K. White Let. 10 Nov. in Remains (1807) I. 189 I have as much expectation of gaining it, as of being elected supreme magus over the mysteries of Mithra.

1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 28 The Magus Zoroaster.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel vii. 418 Among the Persians, those who are wise as to the Deity, and are its ministers, are called Magi.

1948 E. M. Butler Myth of Magus i. i. 15 Used by the Greek however, magia signified originally the religion, learning and occult practices of the Eastern magi.

1973 Times 2 Aug. 8/5 No decision on whether Crowley was a con man or a magus.

1981 N. G. L. Hammond Alexander the Great 268 His readiness to turn to Greek and non-Greek gods alike for help is shown by his consulting not only Greek seers but also those of Egypt, Persia (the Magi), and Babylon (the Chaldaeans).

b. Any of the pagan magicians and sorcerers supposed to have opposed the Christian missions of St Patrick and St Columba. Cf. Druid n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > [noun] > opposed to St. Patrick

magus1822

1822 J. Lanigan Eccl. Hist. Irel. I. 224 Leogaire..set out..with a considerable number of followers and one or two of the principal Magi.

1845 G. Petrie Round Towers Ireland ii. ii. 132 Quoted as the composition of a certain magus of the name of Con, in the ancient Life of St. Patrick.

1887 D. O. Hunter Blair tr. A. Bellesheim Hist. Catholic Church Scotl. I. 72 Thereupon the Magi, or Druadh, bitterly reproached the parents for their adoption of Christianity.

1887 D. O. Hunter Blair tr. A. Bellesheim Hist. Catholic Church Scotl. I. 73 Broichan, the Magus of King Brude.

1909 Amer. Hist. Rev. 15 34 The Latin hagiology is not explicit as to any contact between missionaries and druids: the magi spoken of were not necessarily even druids.

1943 Speculum 18 270 A similar anecdote is told there..of a ‘magus’ (druid of course) called Lochu, who flies on high and crashes because of the prayers of Patrick.

3. gen. A person regarded as having great wisdom or powers likened to those of a magician.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > wise man, sage > [noun]

wise manc888

wisec897

witec900

snoterc950

divinera1387

sage1399

mage?a1425

wisdom1432

wizardc1440

sapientc1550

Solomon1554

oracle1579

sophy1587

Solon1631

sapientipotent1656

magus1700

wiseacre1753

sageshipa1832

Yoda1984

1700 J. Tutchin Foreigners 8 Where are the Antient Sages of Renown? No Magi left, fit to advise the Crown?

1851 T. Carlyle Life J. Sterling ii. ii. 141 His Father,..the magus of the Times, had talk and argument ever ready.

1983 P. Ackroyd Last Test. Oscar Wilde 125 I was the magus who had provided the words to unlock the mystery of his soul.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	magus
释义	magusn. Brit. /ˈmeɪɡəs/, U.S. /ˈmeɪɡəs/ Inflections: Plural magi Brit. /ˈmeɪdʒʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈmeɪˌdʒaɪ/, /ˈmæˌdʒaɪ/. Forms: Middle English magy (plural), Middle English– magus, 1500s magos (plural). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin magus. Etymology: < classical Latin magus (denoting a member of the Persian priestly class, and, more broadly, priests or wise men of other nations; in sense 1 after usage in the Vulgate and in Christian writers, and in sense 2b probably influenced by the epithet of Simon Magus, a magician in Samaria (Acts 8:9–24), regarded from Patristic times as a type of the anti-Christian exponent of magic arts) < ancient Greek μάγος < Old Persian maguš.Occasionally use of magi as singular is noted by usage guides from later 20th cent. 1. Chiefly with capital initial. the (three) Magi: the three ‘wise men’ (see wise man n. 3) or astrologers who came from the East, bearing gifts to the infant Jesus (Matthew 2:1–12); a representation of these. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Biblical personages > Three Kings > [noun] the three kingsOE magusc1175 wise manc1384 Three Kings of Colognec1400 sage1667 the three wise men1867 OE Harley Gloss. (1966) 155 Eoi magi, easterne tungelwitegan.] c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7073 Maþþew..seȝȝþ. Þatt ta kalldisskenn kingess..Wærenn magy. ȝehatenn. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. 81 (MED) Wyse men þat tyme Maistres & lettred men Magy [c1400 C text Magi] hem called. 1574 J. Whitgift Def. Aunswere to Admon. 11 First shepherds declared that Christ was borne: then the Magi, that is, the wise men of the East, came to salute him with gifts. 1598 T. Rogers Celestiall Elegies sig. C7 Of the Starre which the Magi did worship at Christes Natiuitie, and of his death. 1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 13 The Magi, that came to Christ. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Balthasar One of the Magi, or wise-men, vulgarly called the three Kings of Collein. 1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 331 A golden medal, said to be among the offerings of the eastern magi to Jesus Christ. 1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 281 Whence the wise men of the East who came to see Christ are called simply Magi. 1884 Altar Hymnal 16 Lo! star-led chieftains, Magi, Christ adoring, Mystic gifts offer Him, incense, gold, and myrrh. 1927 T. S. Eliot (title) The journey of the Magi. 1990 Chicago Sun-Times 30 Nov. i. 30 (caption) Carlson..says the Magi were witness to an unusual celestial event over Bethlehem. 2. a. A member of an ancient Persian priestly caste which became influential in the development of Zoroastrianism. Hence: a person skilled in eastern magic and astrology; a magician or sorcerer.Originally members of a Median tribe or clan with responsibility for cultic ritual, the magi assumed an important official position with the unification of the Persian Empire in the 6th cent. b.c., adopting and adapting the spreading religion of Zoroastrianism. It is probable that during the Achaemenid period the magi became involved (in Babylon, a major administrative centre) in the magical practices and beliefs subsequently named after them, and in astrology. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > non-European magic (miscellaneous) > [noun] > magus Magian1548 magus1555 mage1585 magusian1587 a1450 (?c1400) Three Kings Cologne (Royal) 49 Seynt Austyn seiþ þat þis word Magi in þe tung of Chaldee is a moche to seye as a Philosophre. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 1274 Ther saugh I Hermes Ballenus, Limote, and eke Symon Magus.] 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. vii. K iv b [In Persia] their Magi (that is to say men skylfull in y^e secretes of nature). 1572 R. Harrison tr. L. Lavater Of Ghostes iii. i. 179 Pharao..gave himself to be ruled by his Magi or wyse men. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxiii. vi. 231 In these tracts lye the fertile fields of the Magi. 1614 J. Sylvester Bethulia's Rescue v. 301 You Parthians, Cossians, and Arabians too, By your sad Magi's deep prophetlike Charms Sacredly counsell'd. 1621 F. Quarles Hadassa sig. B3 Tyrant Cambyses being dead, and gone,..Mounts vp a Magus, with dissembled right. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 214 Let me rather busie my brains in quest of what a Magus was..under which Title, many Witches, Sorcerers..and other Diaboliques have cloakt their trumperies. 1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 14 There in long Robes the Royal Magi stand, Grave Zoroaster waves the circling Wand. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 508 Thy Magus, Goddess! shall perform the rest. 1805 H. K. White Let. 10 Nov. in Remains (1807) I. 189 I have as much expectation of gaining it, as of being elected supreme magus over the mysteries of Mithra. 1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 28 The Magus Zoroaster. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel vii. 418 Among the Persians, those who are wise as to the Deity, and are its ministers, are called Magi. 1948 E. M. Butler Myth of Magus i. i. 15 Used by the Greek however, magia signified originally the religion, learning and occult practices of the Eastern magi. 1973 Times 2 Aug. 8/5 No decision on whether Crowley was a con man or a magus. 1981 N. G. L. Hammond Alexander the Great 268 His readiness to turn to Greek and non-Greek gods alike for help is shown by his consulting not only Greek seers but also those of Egypt, Persia (the Magi), and Babylon (the Chaldaeans). b. Any of the pagan magicians and sorcerers supposed to have opposed the Christian missions of St Patrick and St Columba. Cf. Druid n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > [noun] > opposed to St. Patrick magus1822 1822 J. Lanigan Eccl. Hist. Irel. I. 224 Leogaire..set out..with a considerable number of followers and one or two of the principal Magi. 1845 G. Petrie Round Towers Ireland ii. ii. 132 Quoted as the composition of a certain magus of the name of Con, in the ancient Life of St. Patrick. 1887 D. O. Hunter Blair tr. A. Bellesheim Hist. Catholic Church Scotl. I. 72 Thereupon the Magi, or Druadh, bitterly reproached the parents for their adoption of Christianity. 1887 D. O. Hunter Blair tr. A. Bellesheim Hist. Catholic Church Scotl. I. 73 Broichan, the Magus of King Brude. 1909 Amer. Hist. Rev. 15 34 The Latin hagiology is not explicit as to any contact between missionaries and druids: the magi spoken of were not necessarily even druids. 1943 Speculum 18 270 A similar anecdote is told there..of a ‘magus’ (druid of course) called Lochu, who flies on high and crashes because of the prayers of Patrick. 3. gen. A person regarded as having great wisdom or powers likened to those of a magician. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > wise man, sage > [noun] wise manc888 wisec897 witec900 snoterc950 divinera1387 sage1399 mage?a1425 wisdom1432 wizardc1440 sapientc1550 Solomon1554 oracle1579 sophy1587 Solon1631 sapientipotent1656 magus1700 wiseacre1753 sageshipa1832 Yoda1984 1700 J. Tutchin Foreigners 8 Where are the Antient Sages of Renown? No Magi left, fit to advise the Crown? 1851 T. Carlyle Life J. Sterling ii. ii. 141 His Father,..the magus of the Times, had talk and argument ever ready. 1983 P. Ackroyd Last Test. Oscar Wilde 125 I was the magus who had provided the words to unlock the mystery of his soul. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1175
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