Majan.¹

Brit.

/ˈmeɪə/,

/ˈmʌɪə/, U.S.

/ˈmeɪə/,

/ˈmaɪə/

Forms: 1700s–1800s maia, 1800s– Maia, 1900s– Maja.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek μαῖα.

Etymology: < ancient Greek μαῖα, the name of a kind of large crab, as specific application of μαῖα midwife (see Maia n.). In later use after scientific Latin Maja (see below).

Zoology.

Originally (in form maia): the common spider crab of Europe, Maja squinado, having a spiny red, reddish brown, or yellowish carapace. Later (in forms Maia, Maja): a genus of decapod crustaceans (family Majidae), comprising this and various other spider crabs.Adopted as a genus name in Lamarck Système des animaux sans vertèbres (1801) 154. Maia was commonly used in the 18th and 19th centuries, but Maja is now considered to be the correct taxonomic form.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab) > member of division Oxyrhyncha (spider-crab)

MaiaOE

sea spider1666

Maja1706

spider-crab1710

oxyrhynch1839

spider1853

kelp crab1884

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Maia,..a kind of Sea Crab-fish.

1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 194/2 The highest degree of nervous centralization is found in Maia, according to M. Milne Edwards.

1851 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 61 426 It is apparently intermediate in character between the Maia tribe and Latreillia.

1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea 81 The spider-crab, or maia; of little value as food, though occasionally eaten.

1936 F. S. Russell & C. M. Yonge Seas (ed. 2) iii. 67 The large red spiny spider crab (Maia), the largest and most heavily armoured of the spider crabs.

1963 G. A. Kerkut Borradaile & Potts's Invertebrata (rev. ed.) xi. 419 Maia, the spiny spider crab, is narrow in front, with bifid rostrum and feeble chelae.

1988 Jrnl. Nat. Hist. 22 1697 The morphology of the larvae is compared to previous descriptions of larvae of the genus Maja.

1996 Senckenbergiana Biologica 75 143 The first and second gonopods of the three European spider crabs of the genus Maja Lamarck 1801..were examined.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

majan.²

Brit.

/ˈmɑːhə/, U.S.

/ˈmɑˌhɑ/

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish maja.

Etymology: < Spanish maja, feminine of majo majo n.² Compare French maja (1787).

Now historical.

In Spain and Spanish-speaking countries: a woman who dresses gaily; a pretty young woman; (in early use sometimes) spec. †one from a lower social class (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > dandy > female

nicebeceturc1520

gallant?1550

nicebice1595

puppet1595

coxcomba1640

gimcrack1706

majac1770

moppet1782

petite maîtresse1790

dandizette1821

dudess1883

c1770 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 49 In this dress he shines in the fandango, and in this he takes his guitar to serenade his favourite maja.

1832 W. Irving Alhambra (1896) 134 (The Balcony) Majos and majas, the beaux and belles of the lower classes, in their Andalusian dresses.

1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student ii. i. 58 Now bring me, dear Dolores, my basquiña, My richest maja dress.

1870 R. H. Busk Patrañas 147 Then night came: the maja stood at her reja, looking out for her serenade.

1967 ‘La Meri’ Spanish Dancing (ed. 2) i. 21 At the same time it was the most popular pastime of the majas and majos.

1991 J. Richardson Life of Picasso I. vi. 92 Everywhere in Madrid there are majas that not even the prettiest girls in Turkey could outshine.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	maja
释义	Majan.¹ Brit. /ˈmeɪə/, /ˈmʌɪə/, U.S. /ˈmeɪə/, /ˈmaɪə/ Forms: 1700s–1800s maia, 1800s– Maia, 1900s– Maja. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek μαῖα. Etymology: < ancient Greek μαῖα, the name of a kind of large crab, as specific application of μαῖα midwife (see Maia n.). In later use after scientific Latin Maja (see below). Zoology. Originally (in form maia): the common spider crab of Europe, Maja squinado, having a spiny red, reddish brown, or yellowish carapace. Later (in forms Maia, Maja): a genus of decapod crustaceans (family Majidae), comprising this and various other spider crabs.Adopted as a genus name in Lamarck Système des animaux sans vertèbres (1801) 154. Maia was commonly used in the 18th and 19th centuries, but Maja is now considered to be the correct taxonomic form. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab) > member of division Oxyrhyncha (spider-crab) MaiaOE sea spider1666 Maja1706 spider-crab1710 oxyrhynch1839 spider1853 kelp crab1884 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Maia,..a kind of Sea Crab-fish. 1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 194/2 The highest degree of nervous centralization is found in Maia, according to M. Milne Edwards. 1851 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 61 426 It is apparently intermediate in character between the Maia tribe and Latreillia. 1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea 81 The spider-crab, or maia; of little value as food, though occasionally eaten. 1936 F. S. Russell & C. M. Yonge Seas (ed. 2) iii. 67 The large red spiny spider crab (Maia), the largest and most heavily armoured of the spider crabs. 1963 G. A. Kerkut Borradaile & Potts's Invertebrata (rev. ed.) xi. 419 Maia, the spiny spider crab, is narrow in front, with bifid rostrum and feeble chelae. 1988 Jrnl. Nat. Hist. 22 1697 The morphology of the larvae is compared to previous descriptions of larvae of the genus Maja. 1996 Senckenbergiana Biologica 75 143 The first and second gonopods of the three European spider crabs of the genus Maja Lamarck 1801..were examined. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). majan.² Brit. /ˈmɑːhə/, U.S. /ˈmɑˌhɑ/ Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish maja. Etymology: < Spanish maja, feminine of majo majo n.² Compare French maja (1787). Now historical. In Spain and Spanish-speaking countries: a woman who dresses gaily; a pretty young woman; (in early use sometimes) spec. †one from a lower social class (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > dandy > female nicebeceturc1520 gallant?1550 nicebice1595 puppet1595 coxcomba1640 gimcrack1706 majac1770 moppet1782 petite maîtresse1790 dandizette1821 dudess1883 c1770 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 49 In this dress he shines in the fandango, and in this he takes his guitar to serenade his favourite maja. 1832 W. Irving Alhambra (1896) 134 (The Balcony) Majos and majas, the beaux and belles of the lower classes, in their Andalusian dresses. 1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student ii. i. 58 Now bring me, dear Dolores, my basquiña, My richest maja dress. 1870 R. H. Busk Patrañas 147 Then night came: the maja stood at her reja, looking out for her serenade. 1967 ‘La Meri’ Spanish Dancing (ed. 2) i. 21 At the same time it was the most popular pastime of the majas and majos. 1991 J. Richardson Life of Picasso I. vi. 92 Everywhere in Madrid there are majas that not even the prettiest girls in Turkey could outshine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1706n.²c1770
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Majan.1

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Majan.¹

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