maddern.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmadə/, U.S.

/ˈmædər/

Forms: Old English mæddre, Old English mæderu, Old English mædre, Old English–Middle English mædere, late Old English–early Middle English medere, early Middle English medder, Middle English maddere, Middle English maddir, Middle English maddyr, Middle English maddyre, Middle English madere, Middle English madir, Middle English madre, Middle English madur, Middle English madyr, Middle English maþer, Middle English mathere, Middle English–1500s maddre, Middle English–1600s mader, Middle English–1600s mather, Middle English– madder, 1500s–1600s madyre, 1700s maddar; also Scottish pre-1700 maddir, pre-1700 mader, pre-1700 madir, pre-1700 madur, pre-1700 madyr, pre-1700 maider, pre-1700 malder, pre-1700 maldir, pre-1700 maulder, pre-1700 maydr, pre-1700 meather, pre-1700 mether, pre-1700 1700s maither, 1700s mather.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old High German matara (Middle High German matere, metere), Old Icelandic maðra (in place names), Norwegian maure, Norwegian (Nynorsk) modre, Swedish madra, måra (compare Latvian madaras (plural), Finnish matara, Russian regional (northern) matura, all probable loans from Scandinavian); probably related to synonymous West Frisian miede, Middle Dutch mēde (Dutch mede, mee, now chiefly in compound meekrap), Middle Low German mēde; further etymology uncertain.Perhaps related to a Slavonic base with the meaning ‘blue’ (compare Czech modrý , Croatian modar , Serbian modar , Bulgarian modăr blue), with reference to the colour of the dye obtained from the root (see sense A. 2). In Old English the word denotes Rubia from the early glossaries onwards (although it is occasionally also used generically of reddish-purple dyestuffs derived from other unrelated plants). In Scandinavia, however, it is used to denote various species of the allied genera Asperula and Galium, some of which are still used as substitutes for madder (compare French petite garance ‘little madder’ for several species of Asperula used in dyeing). In Iceland, Sweden, and Norway, the cognate words are now applied chiefly to Galium boreale (as are the loanwords in Latvia, Finland, and Russia); in Sweden also to dyer's woodruff, Asperula tinctoria, while Rubia tinctorum is called röd madra and krapp . In British regional use madder has been recorded applied to the woodruff, Galium odoratum, in Wiltshire. The madders or mathers applied in several dialects to the stinking camomile is probably a distinct word (see discussion s.v. maythe n.). Also attested in place names, as Matherfeld (c1180; now Mayfield, Staffs.), Mædercumb (12th cent.; now Maddacombe Cross, Devon), Maderclif (1378; now Maddacleave Wood, Devon).

A. n.

1. A herbaceous scrambling plant, Rubia tinctorum (family Rubiaceae), having rough hairy stems, rough whorled leaves, and panicles of small yellowish-green flowers, which is native to western and central Asia and was formerly much cultivated, esp. in France and the Netherlands, for the reddish-purple dye obtained from the root (see sense A. 2). Also with distinguishing word: any of various allied plants, esp. one with similar properties.Bengal, field, Indian, petty madder, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > madder

maddereOE

red madder?a1425

warence1526

rubee?a1547

umber-owea1661

madder plant1758

alizari1769

munjeet1813

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. li. 268 Eft genim brune wyrt, & bisceop wyrt.., acumba, attorlaþe, reade hofe, & mædere.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 10 (table of contents) Herba gryas þæt is mæderu [v.r. mædere].

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) li. 96 Ðeos wyrt þe man gryas & oðrum naman mædere nemneð byð cenned fyrmust in Lucania.

1303 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 127 [Planting] madur xd.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 319 Madyr herbe, sandix, rubia major.

c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 608/27 Rubea, mader.

?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 50 An vnce of þe crop of þe rede netil and the crop of þe rede brere, tansy, route of maþer, epantoris, burnet, crispinal, of eche y-lyche moche, bote of madir as moche as of alle þouþer.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 118 The stalkes of madder are foure squared, longe, rough lyke vnto the stalkes of gooshareth.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 76/2 The Garden Madder hath a long rough leaf.

1758 P. Miller (title) The method of cultivating madder, As it is now practised by the Dutch in Zealand.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 129 Madder has been attempted to be raised [in England], but without success.

1887 L. Holden Human Osteol. (ed. 7) 33 The colouring principle of the madder (Rubia tinctorum) has a strong affinity for phosphate of lime.

1989 G. M. de Rougemont Field Guide Crops Brit. & Europe 115 Madder Rubia tinctorum was extensively cultivated in Europe, especially in France, until the last war for a range of red to purple dyes obtained from the rhizome.

2. The root of the plant Rubia tinctorum, employed medicinally or as a source of colouring matter; the reddish-purple dyestuff or pigment prepared from this. Also: a similar pigment produced synthetically. In early use also used to denote other dyestuffs or pigments of a similar colour.Formerly divided into grades or varieties, as bunch-, gamene madder, etc.: see the first element. See also crop-madder n. The chief colouring matters contained in madder are alizarin and purpurin. Madder was the source of the dye Turkey red.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs

madderOE

grain1335

alkanet1343

Brazilc1386

crop-maddera1399

red-scarletc1400

alcanna?a1425

lac?c1425

madder root?c1450

incarnationa1475

jarecork1483

orchil1483

mull1507

orcanet1548

Bristol-red1551

red sanders1553

cochineal1582

safflower1583

chay1588

Pernambuco1595

red sanderswood1598

redwood1634

peach woodc1638

scarlet1653

mesteque1667

bow-dye1676

sylvester1697

corkir1703

gamene1703

orchilla1703

crap1721

saffranon1731

kino1788

Turkey red1789

lizary1791

granilla1812

munjeet1813

rubiate1835

orcein1838

purpurin1839

ruby wood1843

sassafrid1852

aal1853

pink salt1853

magenta1860

fuchsine1865

paeonin1865

safranine1868

corallin1873

marina1874

Magdala red1875

alizarin1878

eosin1879

Turkey red oil1879

roccelline1880

ponceau1885

amarant1888

phloxine1890

hypernic1897

Turkish red1900

Lithol red1930

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > root > specific roots

zedoaryOE

madderOE

setwall?c1225

liquoricec1275

rhubarba1400

ireosc1400

liquorice-racec1400

sage root14..

maple root1523

liquorice-root1530

rhabarbarum1533

orris1545

turmeric1545

cypressc1550

pyrethrum1562

china1582

China root1588

orris root1598

red squill1629

ginseng1654

ague root1676

poke root1687

cassumunar1693

nettle root1707

valerian root1747

belly-ache-root1775

Indian root1775

Turkey rhubarb1789

sumbul1791

serpentaria1803

Honduras sarsaparilla1818

serpentary1837

sang1843

savanilla1856

manaca1866

gelsemium1875

sanguinaria1875

Indian turmeric1890

OE Aldhelm Glosses (Royal 6 B.vii) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 147/2 Sandix : i. iacincto, mædere, wad.

1347–8 Rolls of Parl. II. 215/2 Come il ait fait avenir en Engleterre xi pokes de madder a Lenn.

a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 78 Euerych a cart y-lade wit mader [v.r. madur], þat comeþ to selle, twey pans.

?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer Former Age (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1878) 17 No mader [v.rr. madyr, madder], welde, or wood no litestere Ne knew.

a1450–1500 ( Libel Eng. Policy (1926) 121 (MED) The marchaundy of Brabane and Selande, Be madre and woade that dyers take one hande To dyen wythe.

1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 20 It bringeth foorth great quantitie of mather, very perfect woad, but no great store.

1753 T. Woodroofe Jrnl. in J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. iii. lv. 375 These Tartars trade..with the Russians with their madder.

1831 G. Henson Civil Hist. Framework-knitters ii. 56 His worsted hose..instead of being dyed with madder..were dyed with logwood.

1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 571 Sulphur and madder are the best alterants in foulness of the skin or habit.

1882 Hardwicke's Sci.-gossip 18 50/1 Avoid..cochineal colours; the madders are the only safe substitutes.

1910 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 749/1 Madder contains two closely allied colouring matters, namely alizarin and purpurin. The former..is now prepared artificially from the coal-tar product anthracene, and has almost entirely superseded madder.

1981 C. Bosly Rugs to Riches iii. 52 To make the vivid ‘Turkey red’ the madder is mixed with milk which has been fermented for exactly thirty days.

1984 Artist Sept. 32/2 The alizarin madders and crimsons are reliable if used strongly and unmixed.

3. A reddish-purple colour, esp. one produced by madder dyes or pigments; also with distinguishing word, as crimson madder.The sense in quot. OE is not entirely clear; although the Latin context of the word glossed (a description of the curtains of the Jewish tabernacle) makes reference to dyes, the emphasis is on the colours produced by the dyes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson

crimson madderOE

purpureOE

murrey1305

tuly1398

oxblood?1440

crimson?a1475

sanguinea1500

carnation?1533

murrey colour1537

purple-red1565

ruby1572

sanguine red1601

velvet-crimson1646

lake1660

lac1682

rubine1704

madder red1728

ruby-red1738

granate1750

palm-colour1773

morone1777

carmine1799

vinaceous1819

incarnadine1821

crimsoning1833

pigeon's blood1865

solferinoc1865

Burgundy1881

sang-de-bœuf1881

vermilion-crimson1882

claret1884

royal red1890

wine1895

pigeon ruby red1897

Bordeaux1904

peony1914

madder crimson1991

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > other reds

madderOE

stammel colour1567

Paris red1600

strawberry red1675

strawberry1688

cornelian1718

dahlia1846

Pompeian red1868

crushed strawberry1881

wallflower red1883

framboise1895

raspberry1918

OE Glosses to St. Egwin (Nero E.i) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 201/2 Uermiculo : wealhbasu vel mædre.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 396 Shade cobalt through pink madder into yellow ochre for skies.

1941 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist i. 18 Now its bloated pods, that popped between my fingers, were blotched and scrawled in madder.

B. adj.

Of the colour of madder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > deep red or crimson

blood-redeOE

purpleOE

bloodyOE

purpurine1300

sanguinea1382

tuly1398

crimsonc1400

murreyc1400

purpurec1400

sanguinolentc1450

cramoisy1480

ruby-redc1487

rubya1500

sanguineousc1520

sanguine-coloured1552

blood-coloured1567

rubine1576

purple-red1578

rubied?1594

incarnadine1605

Tyrian?1614

rubiousa1616

murrey-coloured1657

haematine1658

vinaceous1688

carmine1737

claret-coloured1779

ensanguined1785

peony1810

sanguinaceous1816

gory1822

crimsony1830

vinous1834

laky1849

grenat1851

madder1852

wine-dark1855

pigeon's blood1870

poppy crimson1879

claret1882

vinous1894

alizarin1923

wine1950

1852 Chemist Aug. 485/1 Dyed madder cloth.

1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. ii. 30 Of the yellow and madder sails..he took careful note.

1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies i. 12 A crimson madder petticoat.

1912 T. Hardy Tess (rev. ed.) I. xix. 158 She went stealthily as a cat through this profusion of growth..rubbing off upon her naked arms sticky blights which, though snow-white on the apple-tree trunks, made madder [1891 blood-red] stains on her skin.

1959 Men's Wear 13 Mar. 86/1 (caption) Fall Outerwear Idea: Outside quilt for this reversible surcoat. In madder tone, plaid to solid cotton.

1993 Nimrod (University of Tulsa) Spring 51 She cut a sweeping oval...armhole..in the warm madder cloth faintly striped with narrow lilac threads.

Compounds

C1.

(a)

madder-bath n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye

dyec1000

lit13..

intinct1657

indigo1704

madder dye1755

madder-bath1816

1816 Encycl. Perthensis (ed. 2) VII. 630/2 Thread and cotton, that have received the mordant of sulphate of copper or iron, take in the madder bath a dirty dull violet colour.

1852 T. Antisell Hand-bk. Useful Arts in Putnam's Home Cycl. III. 340/1 If bran be added to the madder bath, the color becomes much lighter, and of an agreeable shade.

1996 D. Cardon in J. Vercauteren et al. Polyphenols 96 60 The technique of mordanting wool in a boiling alum bath then to dye it in a boiling madder-bath was already precisely described in a seventh c. bc recipe.

2002 J. Straeten Toiles De Jouy 5 Depending on the mordants used, a madder bath (made from the root of the madder plant) could produce reds, pinks, purples and lavenders, black and shades of brown.

† madder-croft n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

?c1270 in J. T. Fowler Chartularium Abbathiæ de Novo Monasterio 237 Juxta pontem de le Madercroft.

madder dye n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye

dyec1000

lit13..

intinct1657

indigo1704

madder dye1755

madder-bath1816

1755 Universal Mag. Jan. 198/2 The colours with which the calico is printed, except those which are pencilled in, are all composed of madder dye.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 536 The use of archil gives a..bloom to the madder dye.

1935 M. S. Furry & B. M. Viemont Home Dyeing with Natural Dyes (U.S. Dept. of Agric.) 25 Madder dye is made by grinding the root of the madder plant, which has been cultivated for a dyestuff for centuries.

2000 C. Reinhardt Heinrich Caro & Mod. Chem. Industr. ii. 28 Britain was the major importing nation for madder dye used in calico printing and Turkey red dyeing.

madder-dyeing n.

ΚΠ

1899 J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris II. 34 Water..required for madder-dyeing.

1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 29 Aug. 62/2 He launches into an instructive monologue about..the intricacies of the madder dyeing process and the silk mills in Como.

madder field n.

ΚΠ

1901 Westm. Gaz. 30 Aug. 3/1 The madder fields of Alsace, of Southern France, and of Algeria have practically ceased to exist.

madder family n.

ΚΠ

1858 G. Bentham Handbk. Brit. Flora xxxix. 272 (heading) The stellate tribe. Stellatæ. (A tribe of the Madder family, or Rubiaceæ.)

1890 Cent. Dict. Madderwort, any plant of the madder family, Rubiaceæ.

1959 C. L. Porter Taxon. Flowering Plants iii. 398 (heading) Rubiaceae: Madder Family.

madder-grinder n.

ΚΠ

1854 Census Great Brit. 1851: Population Tables II I. p. cxxiv/2 in Parl. Papers 1852–3 LXXXVIII. i. 1 Madder,—miller and grinder.

† madder ground n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 35 The Dutch always sow Grain upon their Madder Ground.

madder-miller n.

ΚΠ

1854Madder-miller [see madder-grinder n.].

† madder-pit n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. iii. 59 The bowels of our mother were not ript For Mader-pits.

madder plant n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > madder

maddereOE

red madder?a1425

warence1526

rubee?a1547

umber-owea1661

madder plant1758

alizari1769

munjeet1813

1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 7 A Madder Plant, that has many of these [side] Roots, is called a well bearded Madder Plant.

1987 Workbox Spring–Summer 10/1 The madder plant, a herbaceous perennial, was prized by early inhabitants on [sic] India and Central Africa, for its roots.

madder root n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs

madderOE

grain1335

alkanet1343

Brazilc1386

crop-maddera1399

red-scarletc1400

alcanna?a1425

lac?c1425

madder root?c1450

incarnationa1475

jarecork1483

orchil1483

mull1507

orcanet1548

Bristol-red1551

red sanders1553

cochineal1582

safflower1583

chay1588

Pernambuco1595

red sanderswood1598

redwood1634

peach woodc1638

scarlet1653

mesteque1667

bow-dye1676

sylvester1697

corkir1703

gamene1703

orchilla1703

crap1721

saffranon1731

kino1788

Turkey red1789

lizary1791

granilla1812

munjeet1813

rubiate1835

orcein1838

purpurin1839

ruby wood1843

sassafrid1852

aal1853

pink salt1853

magenta1860

fuchsine1865

paeonin1865

safranine1868

corallin1873

marina1874

Magdala red1875

alizarin1878

eosin1879

Turkey red oil1879

roccelline1880

ponceau1885

amarant1888

phloxine1890

hypernic1897

Turkish red1900

Lithol red1930

?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 81 Take mader-rotes and rue-leues and sethern to-gedre in wyn.

1744 Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 390 These Callicoe-printers make use of the Rubia Tinctorum, or Madder-root.

1757 Act 31 Geo. II c. 35 §5 For preventing the stealing or destroying of Madder roots.

1818 Niles' Nat. Reg. 15 175/2 A vessel has arrived at Philadelphia with 433 bundles and bales of madder root, on board.

1870 Nature 24 Mar. 545/1 The number and nature of the colouring ingredients of madder-root.

1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting ii. 125 Madder, Pink Madder... These names are now applied both to products from the genuine madder root, and also to those made from its synthetic colouring principles alizarin and purpurin.

1989 D. Pearson Nat. House Bk. ii. iv. 160 Wool and silk were dyed with chamomile flowers, madder root, and acorns.

† madder stove n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 12 In the Madder Stoves, the People work more by Night than Day.

madder style n.

ΚΠ

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 224 The madder style [of calico-printing]..in which the mordants are applied to the white cloth..and the colours are afterwards brought up in the dye-bath.

1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 566 The madder styles have for a long time played the most important part in calico-printing.

madder tribe n.

ΚΠ

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 202 Order clxxxix. Stellatæ. The Madder Tribe.

(b)

madder-printed adj.

ΚΠ

1879 W. Morris Let. 15 Dec. in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) II. 53 The best hanging..would be the inclosed madder-printed cotton.

b. Also in the names of colours produced by dyes or pigments in which madder is an ingredient.

† madder-black n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [noun] > colour produced by dyeing

madder-black1705

chrome-black1874

1705 tr. Whole Art of Dying 201 The Madder-Red Dye, the Crimson Violet, the Green, Brown Tawny, or Woad and Madder Black, which are four Dyes, which 'tis absolutely necessary a Master of the great Dye should be perfect in.

1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 420 The colour hence produced [sc. by madder upon blue cloth] is called madder-black.

madder brown n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [noun]

brownness1572

brown1607

madder brown1815

embrownment1845

1815 R. Brown Princ. Pract. Perspective 96 Indigo, madder brown, and Indian yellow.

1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. vii. 121 A more beautiful shadow-tint, composed of grey and madder brown.

1947 R. Redgrave & S. Redgrave Cent. Brit. Painters 157 For brick buildings he [sc. Girtin] used burnt sienna, madder brown, and lake with the ochres.

2008 B. Brackman Making Hist. i. 27 Printers could give customers dark figures with dark madder brown, mordanted with an iron salt.

madder crimson n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson

crimson madderOE

purpureOE

murrey1305

tuly1398

oxblood?1440

crimson?a1475

sanguinea1500

carnation?1533

murrey colour1537

purple-red1565

ruby1572

sanguine red1601

velvet-crimson1646

lake1660

lac1682

rubine1704

madder red1728

ruby-red1738

granate1750

palm-colour1773

morone1777

carmine1799

vinaceous1819

incarnadine1821

crimsoning1833

pigeon's blood1865

solferinoc1865

Burgundy1881

sang-de-bœuf1881

vermilion-crimson1882

claret1884

royal red1890

wine1895

pigeon ruby red1897

Bordeaux1904

peony1914

madder crimson1991

1991 R. Goldstein Dark Sister iv. 72 The light of the western sky is shrieking away: vermilion and carmine; madder crimson.

2004 R. Mann Complaint in Garden 19 Greenhouses of madder crimson Broughtonia; barbed fences dripping with bougainvillaea.

madder lake n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun]

purpurisse1519

red1589

purpurissum1611

madder lake1821

1821 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 2 305 (heading) Madder lake.

1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments v. 52 Madder Lakes (Madder Carmine or Tinted Carmine, Pink Madder).

1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes vii. 269 Madder lakes are quite ‘dirty’ in color and are used where this appearance is not objectionable.

2001 P. Ball Bright Earth iv. 108 Madder lake is more permanent than brazil lake, but also more difficult to make.

madder purple n.

ΚΠ

1815 R. Brown Princ. Practical Perspective 96 Indigo, madder purple, and burnt sienna.

1835 T. Thomson in Rec. Gen. Sci. 1 15 Madder Purple... The depth of the purple depends upon the strength of the iron mordant.

1965 O. Lakela Flora Northeastern Minnesota 131 Sepals and lateral petals linear, acuminate, madder-purple, reflexed or pointing upward in anthesis.

2008 N. Eastaugh et al. Pigment Compend. (new ed.) 251/2 Madder purple was available in such small quantities and was consequently so expensive that its use was confined to watercolour.

madder red n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson

crimson madderOE

purpureOE

murrey1305

tuly1398

oxblood?1440

crimson?a1475

sanguinea1500

carnation?1533

murrey colour1537

purple-red1565

ruby1572

sanguine red1601

velvet-crimson1646

lake1660

lac1682

rubine1704

madder red1728

ruby-red1738

granate1750

palm-colour1773

morone1777

carmine1799

vinaceous1819

incarnadine1821

crimsoning1833

pigeon's blood1865

solferinoc1865

Burgundy1881

sang-de-bœuf1881

vermilion-crimson1882

claret1884

royal red1890

wine1895

pigeon ruby red1897

Bordeaux1904

peony1914

madder crimson1991

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Red Madder Red is made with Madder.

a1834 R. Geoghegan Let. in J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume (1834) xxiv. 376 Madder-red petticoats.

1905 J. London in Cent. Mag. Nov. 117/2 The madrone [tree], permitting itself to be caught in the act of changing its pea-green trunk to madder-red.

1990 C. Brayfield Prince xi. 279 Every possible piece of furniture was covered in Afghan rugs, madder red, dark brown, and indigo.

2006 Old House Interiors Apr.–May 78/2 Combinations of indigo blue, madder red, and golds are..predominant.

madder yellow n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > reddish yellow

saffrona1382

saffron coloura1398

saffron yellowa1398

reddish-yellow1530

orange-yellow1825

madder yellow1836

1836 Rec. Gen. Sci. 3 54 The Dutch madder, is especially, rich in madder-yellow.

1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments iv. 43 Yellow Lakes (Madder Yellow,..Quercitron Yellow or Lake).

1991 R. Goldstein Dark Sister iv. 72 The light of the western sky is shrieking away: vermilion and carmine; madder crimson, madder yellow.

C2.

madder bleach n. rare a method of bleaching fabric to whiteness by washing, boiling, and treating with chemicals.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [noun] > bleaching > bleaching process > specific

souring1756

grey souring1843

grey sour1875

white sour1875

madder bleach1891

kiering1922

1891 S. T. Sadtler Hand-bk. Industr. Organic Chem. xiv. 448 The method of bleaching, which has reached a high state of perfection, is the so-called ‘madder-bleach’, from the fact that it is employed on all piece goods to be printed with alizarin.

1909 L. A. Olney Textile Chem. & Dyeing ii. 58 The Madder Bleach... In calico printing..where a particularly clear and white ground is desired this form of bleach is used.

madder-crop n. (a) = sense A. 1; (b) a crop of madder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > crop or crops > [noun]

wastumc888

tiltha1100

estrea1300

madder-cropc1300

gainage1390

cropa1400

yieldingc1405

emblement1495

burden?1523

increase1535

field-ware1546

gather1555

esplees1598

husbandrya1616

glebe1660

warea1661

récolte1669

tilling1680

tillage1681

stuffa1687

growing1722

bearing1747

raccolta1748

the crops1789

plant1832

raising1857

cropping1861

c1300 in T. Hunt Pop. Med. 13th-cent. Eng. (1990) v. 252 Recipe bremmylcrop, reed-coulcrop, hempcrop, reed-netilcrop, fenylcrop, tansy, ana; maddyrcrop ad quantitatem omnium aliorum.

1620 J. Bonoeil Obseruations Fit Roomes Silk-wormes 26 Madder Crop, forty shillings the hundred.

1765 Museum Rusticum 4 173 I can, from my own experience, assert, that the best crops of corn always succeeded a madder-crop.

1847 Monthly Jrnl. Agric. (N.Y.) Feb. 379 I consider the madder crop to be one of importance, as well to the grower of the article as to the country at large.

1989 D. Dunnett Race of Scorpions xxix. 327 I'm going to look at the madder crop for the dyeyards, and then see a man about wine for the army.

2000 T. Lemmons Woman of Means xxiv. 301 The local madder crop was a disaster.

madder-print n. madder-printed cloth or cotton.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > treated or processed in specific way > [noun] > printed > in specific way

roller print1846

madder-print1890

screen print1928

wax print1969

1890 Cent. Dict. Madder-print.

† madderwort n. Botany Obsolete rare (J. Lindley's name for) a plant of the family Rubiaceae.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Rubiaceae or Galiaceae (bedstraw, etc.) > [noun]

wild madderc1450

crudwort15..

Our Lady bedstraw1527

Our Lady's bedstraw1543

galion1548

maidenhair1548

purple goose-grass1548

cheese renning1578

crosswort1578

golden mugget1578

petty mugget1578

lady's bedstraw1585

maid's hair1597

cheese rennet1599

runnet1678

field madder1684

mugweed1690

rondeletia1739

Richardia1755

petty madder1760

madderlen1770

galium1785

Sherardia1785

joint-grass1790

mugwort1796

bluet1818

bedstraw1820

madderwort1845

hundredfold1853

honeywort1863

1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (new ed.) 77 (heading) Order xxxiv. Galiaceæ—Madderworts, or Stellates.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	madder
释义	maddern.adj. Brit. /ˈmadə/, U.S. /ˈmædər/ Forms: Old English mæddre, Old English mæderu, Old English mædre, Old English–Middle English mædere, late Old English–early Middle English medere, early Middle English medder, Middle English maddere, Middle English maddir, Middle English maddyr, Middle English maddyre, Middle English madere, Middle English madir, Middle English madre, Middle English madur, Middle English madyr, Middle English maþer, Middle English mathere, Middle English–1500s maddre, Middle English–1600s mader, Middle English–1600s mather, Middle English– madder, 1500s–1600s madyre, 1700s maddar; also Scottish pre-1700 maddir, pre-1700 mader, pre-1700 madir, pre-1700 madur, pre-1700 madyr, pre-1700 maider, pre-1700 malder, pre-1700 maldir, pre-1700 maulder, pre-1700 maydr, pre-1700 meather, pre-1700 mether, pre-1700 1700s maither, 1700s mather. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old High German matara (Middle High German matere, metere), Old Icelandic maðra (in place names), Norwegian maure, Norwegian (Nynorsk) modre, Swedish madra, måra (compare Latvian madaras (plural), Finnish matara, Russian regional (northern) matura, all probable loans from Scandinavian); probably related to synonymous West Frisian miede, Middle Dutch mēde (Dutch mede, mee, now chiefly in compound meekrap), Middle Low German mēde; further etymology uncertain.Perhaps related to a Slavonic base with the meaning ‘blue’ (compare Czech modrý , Croatian modar , Serbian modar , Bulgarian modăr blue), with reference to the colour of the dye obtained from the root (see sense A. 2). In Old English the word denotes Rubia from the early glossaries onwards (although it is occasionally also used generically of reddish-purple dyestuffs derived from other unrelated plants). In Scandinavia, however, it is used to denote various species of the allied genera Asperula and Galium, some of which are still used as substitutes for madder (compare French petite garance ‘little madder’ for several species of Asperula used in dyeing). In Iceland, Sweden, and Norway, the cognate words are now applied chiefly to Galium boreale (as are the loanwords in Latvia, Finland, and Russia); in Sweden also to dyer's woodruff, Asperula tinctoria, while Rubia tinctorum is called röd madra and krapp . In British regional use madder has been recorded applied to the woodruff, Galium odoratum, in Wiltshire. The madders or mathers applied in several dialects to the stinking camomile is probably a distinct word (see discussion s.v. maythe n.). Also attested in place names, as Matherfeld (c1180; now Mayfield, Staffs.), Mædercumb (12th cent.; now Maddacombe Cross, Devon), Maderclif (1378; now Maddacleave Wood, Devon). A. n. 1. A herbaceous scrambling plant, Rubia tinctorum (family Rubiaceae), having rough hairy stems, rough whorled leaves, and panicles of small yellowish-green flowers, which is native to western and central Asia and was formerly much cultivated, esp. in France and the Netherlands, for the reddish-purple dye obtained from the root (see sense A. 2). Also with distinguishing word: any of various allied plants, esp. one with similar properties.Bengal, field, Indian, petty madder, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > madder maddereOE red madder?a1425 warence1526 rubee?a1547 umber-owea1661 madder plant1758 alizari1769 munjeet1813 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. li. 268 Eft genim brune wyrt, & bisceop wyrt.., acumba, attorlaþe, reade hofe, & mædere. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) 10 (table of contents) Herba gryas þæt is mæderu [v.r. mædere]. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) li. 96 Ðeos wyrt þe man gryas & oðrum naman mædere nemneð byð cenned fyrmust in Lucania. 1303 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 127 [Planting] madur xd. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 319 Madyr herbe, sandix, rubia major. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 608/27 Rubea, mader. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 50 An vnce of þe crop of þe rede netil and the crop of þe rede brere, tansy, route of maþer, epantoris, burnet, crispinal, of eche y-lyche moche, bote of madir as moche as of alle þouþer. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 118 The stalkes of madder are foure squared, longe, rough lyke vnto the stalkes of gooshareth. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 76/2 The Garden Madder hath a long rough leaf. 1758 P. Miller (title) The method of cultivating madder, As it is now practised by the Dutch in Zealand. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 129 Madder has been attempted to be raised [in England], but without success. 1887 L. Holden Human Osteol. (ed. 7) 33 The colouring principle of the madder (Rubia tinctorum) has a strong affinity for phosphate of lime. 1989 G. M. de Rougemont Field Guide Crops Brit. & Europe 115 Madder Rubia tinctorum was extensively cultivated in Europe, especially in France, until the last war for a range of red to purple dyes obtained from the rhizome. 2. The root of the plant Rubia tinctorum, employed medicinally or as a source of colouring matter; the reddish-purple dyestuff or pigment prepared from this. Also: a similar pigment produced synthetically. In early use also used to denote other dyestuffs or pigments of a similar colour.Formerly divided into grades or varieties, as bunch-, gamene madder, etc.: see the first element. See also crop-madder n. The chief colouring matters contained in madder are alizarin and purpurin. Madder was the source of the dye Turkey red. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs madderOE grain1335 alkanet1343 Brazilc1386 crop-maddera1399 red-scarletc1400 alcanna?a1425 lac?c1425 madder root?c1450 incarnationa1475 jarecork1483 orchil1483 mull1507 orcanet1548 Bristol-red1551 red sanders1553 cochineal1582 safflower1583 chay1588 Pernambuco1595 red sanderswood1598 redwood1634 peach woodc1638 scarlet1653 mesteque1667 bow-dye1676 sylvester1697 corkir1703 gamene1703 orchilla1703 crap1721 saffranon1731 kino1788 Turkey red1789 lizary1791 granilla1812 munjeet1813 rubiate1835 orcein1838 purpurin1839 ruby wood1843 sassafrid1852 aal1853 pink salt1853 magenta1860 fuchsine1865 paeonin1865 safranine1868 corallin1873 marina1874 Magdala red1875 alizarin1878 eosin1879 Turkey red oil1879 roccelline1880 ponceau1885 amarant1888 phloxine1890 hypernic1897 Turkish red1900 Lithol red1930 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > root > specific roots zedoaryOE madderOE setwall?c1225 liquoricec1275 rhubarba1400 ireosc1400 liquorice-racec1400 sage root14.. maple root1523 liquorice-root1530 rhabarbarum1533 orris1545 turmeric1545 cypressc1550 pyrethrum1562 china1582 China root1588 orris root1598 red squill1629 ginseng1654 ague root1676 poke root1687 cassumunar1693 nettle root1707 valerian root1747 belly-ache-root1775 Indian root1775 Turkey rhubarb1789 sumbul1791 serpentaria1803 Honduras sarsaparilla1818 serpentary1837 sang1843 savanilla1856 manaca1866 gelsemium1875 sanguinaria1875 Indian turmeric1890 OE Aldhelm Glosses (Royal 6 B.vii) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 147/2 Sandix : i. iacincto, mædere, wad. 1347–8 Rolls of Parl. II. 215/2 Come il ait fait avenir en Engleterre xi pokes de madder a Lenn. a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 78 Euerych a cart y-lade wit mader [v.r. madur], þat comeþ to selle, twey pans. ?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer Former Age (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1878) 17 No mader [v.rr. madyr, madder], welde, or wood no litestere Ne knew. a1450–1500 ( Libel Eng. Policy (1926) 121 (MED) The marchaundy of Brabane and Selande, Be madre and woade that dyers take one hande To dyen wythe. 1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 20 It bringeth foorth great quantitie of mather, very perfect woad, but no great store. 1753 T. Woodroofe Jrnl. in J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. iii. lv. 375 These Tartars trade..with the Russians with their madder. 1831 G. Henson Civil Hist. Framework-knitters ii. 56 His worsted hose..instead of being dyed with madder..were dyed with logwood. 1832 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. (ed. 2) 571 Sulphur and madder are the best alterants in foulness of the skin or habit. 1882 Hardwicke's Sci.-gossip 18 50/1 Avoid..cochineal colours; the madders are the only safe substitutes. 1910 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 749/1 Madder contains two closely allied colouring matters, namely alizarin and purpurin. The former..is now prepared artificially from the coal-tar product anthracene, and has almost entirely superseded madder. 1981 C. Bosly Rugs to Riches iii. 52 To make the vivid ‘Turkey red’ the madder is mixed with milk which has been fermented for exactly thirty days. 1984 Artist Sept. 32/2 The alizarin madders and crimsons are reliable if used strongly and unmixed. 3. A reddish-purple colour, esp. one produced by madder dyes or pigments; also with distinguishing word, as crimson madder.The sense in quot. OE is not entirely clear; although the Latin context of the word glossed (a description of the curtains of the Jewish tabernacle) makes reference to dyes, the emphasis is on the colours produced by the dyes. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson crimson madderOE purpureOE murrey1305 tuly1398 oxblood?1440 crimson?a1475 sanguinea1500 carnation?1533 murrey colour1537 purple-red1565 ruby1572 sanguine red1601 velvet-crimson1646 lake1660 lac1682 rubine1704 madder red1728 ruby-red1738 granate1750 palm-colour1773 morone1777 carmine1799 vinaceous1819 incarnadine1821 crimsoning1833 pigeon's blood1865 solferinoc1865 Burgundy1881 sang-de-bœuf1881 vermilion-crimson1882 claret1884 royal red1890 wine1895 pigeon ruby red1897 Bordeaux1904 peony1914 madder crimson1991 the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > other reds madderOE stammel colour1567 Paris red1600 strawberry red1675 strawberry1688 cornelian1718 dahlia1846 Pompeian red1868 crushed strawberry1881 wallflower red1883 framboise1895 raspberry1918 OE Glosses to St. Egwin (Nero E.i) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 201/2 Uermiculo : wealhbasu vel mædre. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 396 Shade cobalt through pink madder into yellow ochre for skies. 1941 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist i. 18 Now its bloated pods, that popped between my fingers, were blotched and scrawled in madder. B. adj. Of the colour of madder. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > deep red or crimson blood-redeOE purpleOE bloodyOE purpurine1300 sanguinea1382 tuly1398 crimsonc1400 murreyc1400 purpurec1400 sanguinolentc1450 cramoisy1480 ruby-redc1487 rubya1500 sanguineousc1520 sanguine-coloured1552 blood-coloured1567 rubine1576 purple-red1578 rubied?1594 incarnadine1605 Tyrian?1614 rubiousa1616 murrey-coloured1657 haematine1658 vinaceous1688 carmine1737 claret-coloured1779 ensanguined1785 peony1810 sanguinaceous1816 gory1822 crimsony1830 vinous1834 laky1849 grenat1851 madder1852 wine-dark1855 pigeon's blood1870 poppy crimson1879 claret1882 vinous1894 alizarin1923 wine1950 1852 Chemist Aug. 485/1 Dyed madder cloth. 1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. ii. 30 Of the yellow and madder sails..he took careful note. 1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies i. 12 A crimson madder petticoat. 1912 T. Hardy Tess (rev. ed.) I. xix. 158 She went stealthily as a cat through this profusion of growth..rubbing off upon her naked arms sticky blights which, though snow-white on the apple-tree trunks, made madder [1891 blood-red] stains on her skin. 1959 Men's Wear 13 Mar. 86/1 (caption) Fall Outerwear Idea: Outside quilt for this reversible surcoat. In madder tone, plaid to solid cotton. 1993 Nimrod (University of Tulsa) Spring 51 She cut a sweeping oval...armhole..in the warm madder cloth faintly striped with narrow lilac threads. Compounds C1. a. (a) madder-bath n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye dyec1000 lit13.. intinct1657 indigo1704 madder dye1755 madder-bath1816 1816 Encycl. Perthensis (ed. 2) VII. 630/2 Thread and cotton, that have received the mordant of sulphate of copper or iron, take in the madder bath a dirty dull violet colour. 1852 T. Antisell Hand-bk. Useful Arts in Putnam's Home Cycl. III. 340/1 If bran be added to the madder bath, the color becomes much lighter, and of an agreeable shade. 1996 D. Cardon in J. Vercauteren et al. Polyphenols 96 60 The technique of mordanting wool in a boiling alum bath then to dye it in a boiling madder-bath was already precisely described in a seventh c. bc recipe. 2002 J. Straeten Toiles De Jouy 5 Depending on the mordants used, a madder bath (made from the root of the madder plant) could produce reds, pinks, purples and lavenders, black and shades of brown. † madder-croft n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ ?c1270 in J. T. Fowler Chartularium Abbathiæ de Novo Monasterio 237 Juxta pontem de le Madercroft. madder dye n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye dyec1000 lit13.. intinct1657 indigo1704 madder dye1755 madder-bath1816 1755 Universal Mag. Jan. 198/2 The colours with which the calico is printed, except those which are pencilled in, are all composed of madder dye. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 536 The use of archil gives a..bloom to the madder dye. 1935 M. S. Furry & B. M. Viemont Home Dyeing with Natural Dyes (U.S. Dept. of Agric.) 25 Madder dye is made by grinding the root of the madder plant, which has been cultivated for a dyestuff for centuries. 2000 C. Reinhardt Heinrich Caro & Mod. Chem. Industr. ii. 28 Britain was the major importing nation for madder dye used in calico printing and Turkey red dyeing. madder-dyeing n. ΚΠ 1899 J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris II. 34 Water..required for madder-dyeing. 1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 29 Aug. 62/2 He launches into an instructive monologue about..the intricacies of the madder dyeing process and the silk mills in Como. madder field n. ΚΠ 1901 Westm. Gaz. 30 Aug. 3/1 The madder fields of Alsace, of Southern France, and of Algeria have practically ceased to exist. madder family n. ΚΠ 1858 G. Bentham Handbk. Brit. Flora xxxix. 272 (heading) The stellate tribe. Stellatæ. (A tribe of the Madder family, or Rubiaceæ.) 1890 Cent. Dict. Madderwort, any plant of the madder family, Rubiaceæ. 1959 C. L. Porter Taxon. Flowering Plants iii. 398 (heading) Rubiaceae: Madder Family. madder-grinder n. ΚΠ 1854 Census Great Brit. 1851: Population Tables II I. p. cxxiv/2 in Parl. Papers 1852–3 LXXXVIII. i. 1 Madder,—miller and grinder. † madder ground n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 35 The Dutch always sow Grain upon their Madder Ground. madder-miller n. ΚΠ 1854Madder-miller [see madder-grinder n.]. † madder-pit n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. iii. 59 The bowels of our mother were not ript For Mader-pits. madder plant n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > madder maddereOE red madder?a1425 warence1526 rubee?a1547 umber-owea1661 madder plant1758 alizari1769 munjeet1813 1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 7 A Madder Plant, that has many of these [side] Roots, is called a well bearded Madder Plant. 1987 Workbox Spring–Summer 10/1 The madder plant, a herbaceous perennial, was prized by early inhabitants on [sic] India and Central Africa, for its roots. madder root n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs madderOE grain1335 alkanet1343 Brazilc1386 crop-maddera1399 red-scarletc1400 alcanna?a1425 lac?c1425 madder root?c1450 incarnationa1475 jarecork1483 orchil1483 mull1507 orcanet1548 Bristol-red1551 red sanders1553 cochineal1582 safflower1583 chay1588 Pernambuco1595 red sanderswood1598 redwood1634 peach woodc1638 scarlet1653 mesteque1667 bow-dye1676 sylvester1697 corkir1703 gamene1703 orchilla1703 crap1721 saffranon1731 kino1788 Turkey red1789 lizary1791 granilla1812 munjeet1813 rubiate1835 orcein1838 purpurin1839 ruby wood1843 sassafrid1852 aal1853 pink salt1853 magenta1860 fuchsine1865 paeonin1865 safranine1868 corallin1873 marina1874 Magdala red1875 alizarin1878 eosin1879 Turkey red oil1879 roccelline1880 ponceau1885 amarant1888 phloxine1890 hypernic1897 Turkish red1900 Lithol red1930 ?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 81 Take mader-rotes and rue-leues and sethern to-gedre in wyn. 1744 Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 390 These Callicoe-printers make use of the Rubia Tinctorum, or Madder-root. 1757 Act 31 Geo. II c. 35 §5 For preventing the stealing or destroying of Madder roots. 1818 Niles' Nat. Reg. 15 175/2 A vessel has arrived at Philadelphia with 433 bundles and bales of madder root, on board. 1870 Nature 24 Mar. 545/1 The number and nature of the colouring ingredients of madder-root. 1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting ii. 125 Madder, Pink Madder... These names are now applied both to products from the genuine madder root, and also to those made from its synthetic colouring principles alizarin and purpurin. 1989 D. Pearson Nat. House Bk. ii. iv. 160 Wool and silk were dyed with chamomile flowers, madder root, and acorns. † madder stove n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1758 P. Miller Method Cultiv. Madder 12 In the Madder Stoves, the People work more by Night than Day. madder style n. ΚΠ 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 224 The madder style [of calico-printing]..in which the mordants are applied to the white cloth..and the colours are afterwards brought up in the dye-bath. 1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 566 The madder styles have for a long time played the most important part in calico-printing. madder tribe n. ΚΠ 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 202 Order clxxxix. Stellatæ. The Madder Tribe. (b) madder-printed adj. ΚΠ 1879 W. Morris Let. 15 Dec. in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) II. 53 The best hanging..would be the inclosed madder-printed cotton. b. Also in the names of colours produced by dyes or pigments in which madder is an ingredient. † madder-black n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [noun] > colour produced by dyeing madder-black1705 chrome-black1874 1705 tr. Whole Art of Dying 201 The Madder-Red Dye, the Crimson Violet, the Green, Brown Tawny, or Woad and Madder Black, which are four Dyes, which 'tis absolutely necessary a Master of the great Dye should be perfect in. 1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 420 The colour hence produced [sc. by madder upon blue cloth] is called madder-black. madder brown n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [noun] brownness1572 brown1607 madder brown1815 embrownment1845 1815 R. Brown Princ. Pract. Perspective 96 Indigo, madder brown, and Indian yellow. 1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. vii. 121 A more beautiful shadow-tint, composed of grey and madder brown. 1947 R. Redgrave & S. Redgrave Cent. Brit. Painters 157 For brick buildings he [sc. Girtin] used burnt sienna, madder brown, and lake with the ochres. 2008 B. Brackman Making Hist. i. 27 Printers could give customers dark figures with dark madder brown, mordanted with an iron salt. madder crimson n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson crimson madderOE purpureOE murrey1305 tuly1398 oxblood?1440 crimson?a1475 sanguinea1500 carnation?1533 murrey colour1537 purple-red1565 ruby1572 sanguine red1601 velvet-crimson1646 lake1660 lac1682 rubine1704 madder red1728 ruby-red1738 granate1750 palm-colour1773 morone1777 carmine1799 vinaceous1819 incarnadine1821 crimsoning1833 pigeon's blood1865 solferinoc1865 Burgundy1881 sang-de-bœuf1881 vermilion-crimson1882 claret1884 royal red1890 wine1895 pigeon ruby red1897 Bordeaux1904 peony1914 madder crimson1991 1991 R. Goldstein Dark Sister iv. 72 The light of the western sky is shrieking away: vermilion and carmine; madder crimson. 2004 R. Mann Complaint in Garden 19 Greenhouses of madder crimson Broughtonia; barbed fences dripping with bougainvillaea. madder lake n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] purpurisse1519 red1589 purpurissum1611 madder lake1821 1821 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 2 305 (heading) Madder lake. 1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments v. 52 Madder Lakes (Madder Carmine or Tinted Carmine, Pink Madder). 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes vii. 269 Madder lakes are quite ‘dirty’ in color and are used where this appearance is not objectionable. 2001 P. Ball Bright Earth iv. 108 Madder lake is more permanent than brazil lake, but also more difficult to make. madder purple n. ΚΠ 1815 R. Brown Princ. Practical Perspective 96 Indigo, madder purple, and burnt sienna. 1835 T. Thomson in Rec. Gen. Sci. 1 15 Madder Purple... The depth of the purple depends upon the strength of the iron mordant. 1965 O. Lakela Flora Northeastern Minnesota 131 Sepals and lateral petals linear, acuminate, madder-purple, reflexed or pointing upward in anthesis. 2008 N. Eastaugh et al. Pigment Compend. (new ed.) 251/2 Madder purple was available in such small quantities and was consequently so expensive that its use was confined to watercolour. madder red n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] > shades of red > deep red or crimson crimson madderOE purpureOE murrey1305 tuly1398 oxblood?1440 crimson?a1475 sanguinea1500 carnation?1533 murrey colour1537 purple-red1565 ruby1572 sanguine red1601 velvet-crimson1646 lake1660 lac1682 rubine1704 madder red1728 ruby-red1738 granate1750 palm-colour1773 morone1777 carmine1799 vinaceous1819 incarnadine1821 crimsoning1833 pigeon's blood1865 solferinoc1865 Burgundy1881 sang-de-bœuf1881 vermilion-crimson1882 claret1884 royal red1890 wine1895 pigeon ruby red1897 Bordeaux1904 peony1914 madder crimson1991 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Red Madder Red is made with Madder. a1834 R. Geoghegan Let. in J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume (1834) xxiv. 376 Madder-red petticoats. 1905 J. London in Cent. Mag. Nov. 117/2 The madrone [tree], permitting itself to be caught in the act of changing its pea-green trunk to madder-red. 1990 C. Brayfield Prince xi. 279 Every possible piece of furniture was covered in Afghan rugs, madder red, dark brown, and indigo. 2006 Old House Interiors Apr.–May 78/2 Combinations of indigo blue, madder red, and golds are..predominant. madder yellow n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > reddish yellow saffrona1382 saffron coloura1398 saffron yellowa1398 reddish-yellow1530 orange-yellow1825 madder yellow1836 1836 Rec. Gen. Sci. 3 54 The Dutch madder, is especially, rich in madder-yellow. 1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments iv. 43 Yellow Lakes (Madder Yellow,..Quercitron Yellow or Lake). 1991 R. Goldstein Dark Sister iv. 72 The light of the western sky is shrieking away: vermilion and carmine; madder crimson, madder yellow. C2. madder bleach n. rare a method of bleaching fabric to whiteness by washing, boiling, and treating with chemicals. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [noun] > bleaching > bleaching process > specific souring1756 grey souring1843 grey sour1875 white sour1875 madder bleach1891 kiering1922 1891 S. T. Sadtler Hand-bk. Industr. Organic Chem. xiv. 448 The method of bleaching, which has reached a high state of perfection, is the so-called ‘madder-bleach’, from the fact that it is employed on all piece goods to be printed with alizarin. 1909 L. A. Olney Textile Chem. & Dyeing ii. 58 The Madder Bleach... In calico printing..where a particularly clear and white ground is desired this form of bleach is used. madder-crop n. (a) = sense A. 1; (b) a crop of madder. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > crop or crops > [noun] wastumc888 tiltha1100 estrea1300 madder-cropc1300 gainage1390 cropa1400 yieldingc1405 emblement1495 burden?1523 increase1535 field-ware1546 gather1555 esplees1598 husbandrya1616 glebe1660 warea1661 récolte1669 tilling1680 tillage1681 stuffa1687 growing1722 bearing1747 raccolta1748 the crops1789 plant1832 raising1857 cropping1861 c1300 in T. Hunt Pop. Med. 13th-cent. Eng. (1990) v. 252 Recipe bremmylcrop, reed-coulcrop, hempcrop, reed-netilcrop, fenylcrop, tansy, ana; maddyrcrop ad quantitatem omnium aliorum. 1620 J. Bonoeil Obseruations Fit Roomes Silk-wormes 26 Madder Crop, forty shillings the hundred. 1765 Museum Rusticum 4 173 I can, from my own experience, assert, that the best crops of corn always succeeded a madder-crop. 1847 Monthly Jrnl. Agric. (N.Y.) Feb. 379 I consider the madder crop to be one of importance, as well to the grower of the article as to the country at large. 1989 D. Dunnett Race of Scorpions xxix. 327 I'm going to look at the madder crop for the dyeyards, and then see a man about wine for the army. 2000 T. Lemmons Woman of Means xxiv. 301 The local madder crop was a disaster. madder-print n. madder-printed cloth or cotton. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > treated or processed in specific way > [noun] > printed > in specific way roller print1846 madder-print1890 screen print1928 wax print1969 1890 Cent. Dict. Madder-print. † madderwort n. Botany Obsolete rare (J. Lindley's name for) a plant of the family Rubiaceae. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Rubiaceae or Galiaceae (bedstraw, etc.) > [noun] wild madderc1450 crudwort15.. Our Lady bedstraw1527 Our Lady's bedstraw1543 galion1548 maidenhair1548 purple goose-grass1548 cheese renning1578 crosswort1578 golden mugget1578 petty mugget1578 lady's bedstraw1585 maid's hair1597 cheese rennet1599 runnet1678 field madder1684 mugweed1690 rondeletia1739 Richardia1755 petty madder1760 madderlen1770 galium1785 Sherardia1785 joint-grass1790 mugwort1796 bluet1818 bedstraw1820 madderwort1845 hundredfold1853 honeywort1863 1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (new ed.) 77 (heading) Order xxxiv. Galiaceæ—Madderworts, or Stellates. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). madderv. Brit. /ˈmadə/, U.S. /ˈmædər/ Forms: see madder n. and adj. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: madder n. Etymology: < madder n. Now rare. transitive. To treat or dye with madder. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > dye [verb (transitive)] > processes or techniques to dye in grainc1386 woad1463 madder1464 set1529 to dye in (the) wool, in grain1579 alum1598 rake1778 sumac1792 piece-dye1810 gall1822 dung1824 wince1839 winch1845 overdye1857 top1874 to wet out1882 vat1883 cross-dye1885 paddle1909 premetallize1948 spin-dye1948 1464 Rolls of Parl. V. 562/1 Cork may be put uppon Cloth that is perfitly boyled and madered. a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 90 To a dosyne of violettes viij pownd of madyre..and loke ȝe madere heme as ȝe do ȝour redys. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement f. cclxxxv/1 I madder clothe to be dyed... Your vyolet hath nat his full dye but he is maddered. 1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 405 The..regulations for the French Dyers..require the cloth, after it has been blued, to be maddered. 1807 Self Instructor & Artist's Assist. 539 They are maddered higher than black. 2001 www.hillcreekfiberstudio.com 14 Dec. (O.E.D. Archive) Thoroughly drying for several days, then ‘maddering’ (dyeing with madder and chalk in copper kettle) until the color is ‘beautiful and lively’. Derivatives ˈmaddered adj. ΚΠ 1581 Act 23 Eliz. I c. 9 §2 Where Clothes Karsies & Hosen..have been died with..a galled & mathered Black. 1617 Edinb. Test. XLIX. f. 297^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Madder-, Matherit Thretteine elnis..matherit schipcullorit Lundoun claith. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 136 The stains which come out upon maddered goods, in consequence of defective bleaching, are called in this country spangs. 1873 Amer. Cycl. III. 208/2 Calico printers remove the non-mordanted colors from maddered goods by boiling them in bran water. ˈmaddering n. ΚΠ a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 88 At your maderynge ȝe schalle take of the same wateris. 1808 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Sept. 44 On the Maddering of Cotton and Linen Thread. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 787 There next follows..the galling, the aluming, the maddering. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.eOEv.1464
随便看	fin-spined fin-tailed fin-toed fin-weed fin-whale fin-winged finable finableness finabler finablest finably finagle finagled finagler finaglers finagles finagling final final account final act final cause final clause final day final demand final diameter

maddern.adj.

Compounds

madderv.

Derivatives