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单词 magistral
释义

magistraladj.n.

Brit. /ˈmadʒᵻstr(ə)l/, /məˈdʒɪstr(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈmædʒəstrəl/ (in sense B. 3)Brit. /ˌmaxɪsˈtral/, U.S. /ˌmɑxisˈtrɑl/
Forms: 1500s–1700s magistrale, 1500s–1700s magistrall, 1500s– magistral.
Origin: Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: French magistral; Latin magistrālis; Spanish magistral.
Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French magistral (1265 in Old French in form maistral ), and its etymon (ii) Latin magistrālis (classical Latin as noun, post-classical Latin (4th cent.) as adjective) < magister master n.1 + -ālis -al suffix1. In Middle French, French in senses corresponding to senses A. 1b (15th cent.), A. 2b (1574), and in ligne magistrale (1757; compare senses A. 3, B. 4): see also note s.v. magisterial n. and adj. In senses B. 2, B. 3 (iii) < Spanish magistral (1758 in sense B. 2, short for canónigo magistral (early 17th cent.); 1817 in sense B. 3), ultimately < post-classical Latin magistralis (see above).
A. adj.
1.
a. Of a problem or a point of instruction: handed down from the masters of a branch of knowledge; forming part of the accepted course of teaching. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [adjective] > handed down (of a problem or point of instruction)
magistral1572
1572 J. Dee Math. Præf. Which thing, I leaue to your consideration: making hast to despatch an other Magistrall Probleme: and to bring it, nerer to your knowledge,..then the world (before this day) had it for you.
1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 80 This action is Magistrall in Rhetorique, but grounded upon Nature.
b. Of or relating to, or befitting a master; designating a master; authoritative, dogmatic. Cf. magisterial adj. 1. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > [adjective]
authorizable1530
grave1541
authorical1571
overruling1586
magistral1596
potestativea1631
magisterial1635
authorative1638
authoritative1638
herile1644
exousiastic1688
take-charge1950
take-hold1973
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > extreme opinion, dogmatism > [adjective]
high?1535
Arctic1593
magistral1596
forward1608
confident1611
magisterial1635
pragmatic1638
high-flown1640
affirmative1650
thetical1653
positive1658
pragmatical1660
dogmatical1662
dogmatic1681
unargumentative1722
ultra1820
doctrinaire1834
cocksure1842
doctrinary1846
unevidential1853
Doctrinarian1878
pontificating1922
fundamentalist1928
hardcore1951
1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. K Many a copy-holder or magistrall scribe, that holds all his liuing by setting school-boies copies.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G2v Another Error is in the manner of the tradition and deliuerie of knowledge, which is for the most part Magistrall and peremptorie; and not ingenuous and faithfull. View more context for this quotation
1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. 149 We must haue an authority moouing, magistrall, and decisiue.
1641 Bp. J. Hall Short Answer Vindic. Smectymnuus 27 Your assertion..is more Magistrall, then true.
1862 J. Ruskin Munera Pulveris (1872) 110 Magistral powers, of the More over the less, and the forceful and free over the weak and servile elements of life.
1947 E. Partridge Usage & Abusage (rev. ed.) 5 I obtained permission from..eminent scholars..to quote at length from their magistral works.
1977 J. I. M. Stewart Madonna of Astrolabe (1982) vi. 102 ‘There will be no difficulty, my dear Junkin.’ Talbert had raised a magistral hand.
2. Pharmacology.
a. Of a remedy: sovereign, supremely effective. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [adjective] > efficacious > supremely effective
singulara1340
sovereign1377
magistral1574
maystrial1576
virtuous1582
prevalent1615
prevailing1706
1574 G. Baker tr. Composition Oleum Magistrale Pref. sig. Diijv And then was named by the Phisitions and Chirurgians the Oyl Magistrale, esteeming it to be the best and moste pretious among all others.
1580 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Short Disc. Chirurg. Eivv Of our magistral Vnguent that helpeth diuers sortes of sores.
1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 37 Who knoweth not that Magistrall vnguent [cf. magistralis unctio in Du Cange], knoweth nothing: and who hath that magistral vnguent, feareth no gunshott.
1641 J. Shirley Cardinal v. iii Receive This ivory box; in it, an antidote 'Bove that they boast the great magistral medicine.
1678 W. Salmon tr. Pharmacopœia Londinensis 645/2 A magistral pouder against worm.
b. Of a remedy: compounded according to a physician's own formula; not included in the pharmacopoeia. Cf. officinal adj. 1; official adj. 4b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [adjective] > specific
magistral1583
specifical1604
magisterial1658
specific1677
1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke vi. v. 281 Practitioners doe put a double vnderstanding in syrupes..simplex, which is called vsuall, and compositum, which is called magistrall.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ll3 Here is the deficience which I finde, that Phisitians haue not..set downe and deliuered ouer, certaine Experimentall Medicines, for the Cure of particular Diseases; besides their own Coniecturall and Magistrall descriptions. View more context for this quotation
1635 A. Read Chirurg. Lect. Tumors & Vlcers 271 Some magistrall compositions are required in the curation of these griefes.
1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 195 Some Magistrall Opiate, weaker than those that are commonly in use.
1710 T. Fuller Pharmacopœia Extemporanea 409 The Magistrale Decoction of Mallows.
1829 J. Togno & E. Durand tr. H. Milne-Edwards & P. Vavasseur Man. Materia Medica Pref. p. vx Some magistral formulæ to serve as examples of the manner of prescribing it.
1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 582 Cacao Butter..is..very largely used in the preparation of suppositories, both officinal and magistral.
1878 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. VIII. 419 (note) The curious magistral formula for this tincture is the following.
1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Magistral, applied to medicines prescribed for the occasion, in distinction from such as are official, or kept ready prepared in the shops.
1996 Pharmacol. Res. 34 3 Medicinal products from a regulatory and administrative point of view can be classified as: proprietary medicinal products.., other medicinal products of industrial origin and, magistral and officinal formulas prepared by pharmacies (also called ‘generic products’).
3. Fortification. Leading, principal; chiefly in magistral line n. a principal line in fieldworks which determines the direction and position of other lines. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [adjective] > guiding lines
stringent1673
rasant1691
magistral1828
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [noun] > construction of defensive works > guiding lines
capital1631
semidiameter1669
magistral line1828
magistral1853
1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 302 The principal or magistral gallery runs all round the work, under the banquette of the covered-way.
1833 H. Straith Treat. Fortif. 3 The measurements..are calculated..from the cordon, which..is called the magistral or master line.
1838 Penny Cycl. X. 375/2 The line which on the plan indicates the directions of the faces, flanks, etc., of the works is called the magistral line.
1872 G. E. Voyle Mil. Dict. Magistral line...In field fortifications, this line is the interior crest line. In permanent fortifications, it is usually the line of the top of the escarp of each work.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator i. 21 The trace of a work is the plan of its guiding or magistral line.
4. Having the title of ‘Master’; of or relating to a particular master or masters contextually identified. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > educational administration > university administration > taking degree or graduation > [adjective] > having degree > specific
magistral1837
summa cum laude1896
society > education > teaching > teacher > [adjective]
teacherlya1683
preceptorial1702
preceptoral1787
sub-preceptorial1847
instructorial1859
magistral1878
1837 G. S. Faber Primitive Doctr. Justification 268 Thomas Aquinas..and his magistral predecessor [sc. the Master of the Sentences].
1878 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera VIII. lxxxvi The men are rebuked, in the magistral homilies, for their ingratitude in striking.
1881 F. E. Hulme Town, College, & Neighbourhood Marlborough 91 The magistral staff is composed of the Master and about thirty assistant masters.
1882 Gentleman's Mag. May 570 According to the masters [sc. the Meistersingers], the institution of the school of magistral song was of the remotest antiquity.
5. Masterly. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > masterly
master1340
magistral1889
1889 J. M. Robertson Ess. Crit. Method 256 Magistral as Milton at his greatest, but subtle beyond his scope.
B. n.
1.
a. Pharmacology. A preparation or formula devised by a physician for a particular case. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament > specific medicine
secret1558
nostrum1602
magistrality1605
magistral1621
magisteriala1627
specifical1651
specificum1651
specific1661
magistery1669
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iv. i. v. 446 Every Citty, Towne, almost euery priuate man hath his owne..receits, magistralls, precepts, as if hee scorned antiquity.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 103 Hee pretendeth to Magistralls, that none but his Apothecary and he must understand.
1670 Lex Talionis 29 He shall..prescribe so many of his Nostrums and Magistrals, as he calls them.
b. figurative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1649 H. Hammond Christians Obligations x. 255 But for the magistralls of nature and art, such are Gods smitings and punishments, which cost God deare, as it were, he is faine to fetch them from far.
2. Christian Church. A Spanish cathedral priest, with special duties as a preacher. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > preacher > [noun] > in Spanish cathedral
magistral1772
1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund II. 83 The Magistral..had purposely seated himself in the confessional of the parson of the parish.
3. Mining. Roasted copper pyrites, containing both iron and copper sulphides, used in the treatment of silver ore in Latin America.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group > pyrite
firestone1440
pyrites1567
mundic1662
maxy1671
pyrite1741
magistral1824
fool's gold1828
brass1829
1824 J. R. Poinsett Notes on Mexico 165 The magistral is a copper ore, or more properly, a mixture of pyrites of copper and sulphuretted iron.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 792 Magistral, in the language of the Spanish smelters of Mexico and South America, is the roasted and pulverized copper pyrites, which is added to the ground ores of silver..for the purpose of decomposing the horn silver present.
1879 W. Rossiter Illustr. Dict. Sci. Terms 206 Magistral, a compound of copper pyrites, sulphate of iron, &c., used im amalgamation, to assist the process.
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 153 Magistral, Sp[ain]. A powder of roasted copper pyrites, used in the amalgamation of silver ores.
1958 A. D. Merriman Dict. Metall. 173/1 Magistral, a name by which roasted copper pyrites is known.
4. Fortification. = magistral line n. at sense A. 3. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [noun] > construction of defensive works > guiding lines
capital1631
semidiameter1669
magistral line1828
magistral1853
1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. 164/2 Magistral, the tracing or guiding line in fortification..from which the position of all the other works is determined. In field fortification the crest line of the parapet is the magistral; in permanent fortification the cordon..is the guide.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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