Mandaeanadj.n.

Brit.

/manˈdiːən/, U.S.

/mænˈdiən/

Forms: 1600s– Mendaean, 1700s Mendean, 1800s– Mandean, 1900s– Mandaean.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Probably partly a borrowing from Mandaic, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Mendaeus , Mandaic mandaia , -an suffix.

Etymology: Probably via post-classical Latin Mendaeus Mandaean (1716 or earlier; see also note below; compare also Mendaï (plural) Mandaeans (1649)) < Mandaic mandaia Mandaean layman (after ancient Greek γνωστικός Gnostic (see gnostic adj. and n.) < manda gnosis < Aramaic mandʿa, emphatic form of mandaʿ knowledge < yĕdaʿ to know) + -an suffix.The following examples probably show confused early references to the Mandaeans, mistaken for an Islamic sect:1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) ii. 267 Such are the grosse fanatick Dogmataes of the Alcoran..above 70 in severall specie and nomenclation: some of which, with heed I have observed..[in alphabetical list] Mendee... The Mendeæ afflict their bodies by thirst, lashing & wounding themselves; and in charitie..carrie burthens or doe anie labour. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (mæ·ndīăn) /ˈmændiːən/.

A. adj.

Of or relating to a Middle Eastern Gnostic sect surviving in Iraq and Khuzistan (south-west Iran) and perhaps of Mesopotamian origin, or to the Aramaic dialect in which its sacred books are written.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [adjective] > Semitic > Aramaic > Mandaean

Mandaean1698

Mandaitea1837

Mandaic1891

society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [adjective] > Mandaean

Mandaean1698

Sabian1859

1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 445 They shewed me Books written in the Samaritan, Mendæan, Coptic, [etc.].

1715 H. Wanley Let. June (1989) 314 I would desire..some Book of the Mendaean Christians.

1791 W. Jones in Asiatick Researches 2 27 The fine manuscript at Oxford, from which it was taken, is more probably a Mendean work on some religious subject than, as he imagined, a code of Tartarian laws.

1801 J. Hager Babylon. Inscript. iv. 37 Respecting the nature, form, and shape of these letters [in Babylonian inscriptions] no antient author has left us any information. The only characters hitherto produced, are the square Chaldaic..and the Sabean, otherwise called the Mendæan or Nabathæo-Chaldaic.

1854 C. C. J. Bunsen Christianity & Mankind IV. App. 366 In this Zabean or Mendæan alphabet..these semivowels are joined on only to the end of the consonant.

1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 468/2 Primal Life, who is properly speaking the Mandæan god.

1900 Daily News 15 Aug. 6/2 A large number of Hebrew and Mandæan vases..were discovered.

1937 Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Dec. 971/3 Ratna, the Mandaean vernacular, is largely dying out of everyday use.

1986 M. Baigent et al. Messianic Legacy (1992) (BNC) 121 During the first three centuries.., there were certain Mandaean or Johannite sects, especially in the region of the Tigris–Euphrates basin, who honoured John, not Jesus, as their prophet.

B. n.

1. A member of this sect.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [noun] > person > mandaean

Mandaean1765

Sabian1797

Mandaitea1837

1765 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. III. iii. ii. 371 (note) Their religion consists in bodily washings, performed frequently and with great solemnity... The Mendæans at present perform these ablutions only once in a year.

1832 Encycl. Americana XI. 158/2 Sabians, or Christians of St. John (likewise called Nazoræans and Mendæans).

1853 J. Farrar Eccles. Dict. 382 The Mendæans, or Christians of St. John, who call themselves Mendai Yuchanan, disciples of John.

1875 J. B. Lightfoot St. Paul's Epist. Colossians 165 (note) These Mandeans are a rapidly diminishing sect living in the region about the Tigris.

1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 467/2 Mandæans, also known as Sabians, Nasoræans, or St. John's Christians, an Oriental sect of great antiquity.

1959 E. S. Drower (title) The canonical prayerbook of the Mandaeans.

1992 A. T. Mann Millennium Prophecies ii. 12 Some calculations of the length of the Great Year were as follows:..Mandaeans 480,000 years.

2. = Mandaic n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Semitic > Aramaic > Mandaean

Mandaean1886

Mandaite1900

1886 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XXI. 649/1 There is a close resemblance between Mandæan and the language of the Babylonian Talmud.

1977 C. F. Voegelin & F. M. Voegelin Classif. & Index World's Langs. 303 East Aramaic... Mandaic = Mandaean (Sabaeans of lower Mesopotamia).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mandaean
释义	Mandaeanadj.n. Brit. /manˈdiːən/, U.S. /mænˈdiən/ Forms: 1600s– Mendaean, 1700s Mendean, 1800s– Mandean, 1900s– Mandaean. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Probably partly a borrowing from Mandaic, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Mendaeus , Mandaic mandaia , -an suffix. Etymology: Probably via post-classical Latin Mendaeus Mandaean (1716 or earlier; see also note below; compare also Mendaï (plural) Mandaeans (1649)) < Mandaic mandaia Mandaean layman (after ancient Greek γνωστικός Gnostic (see gnostic adj. and n.) < manda gnosis < Aramaic mandʿa, emphatic form of mandaʿ knowledge < yĕdaʿ to know) + -an suffix.The following examples probably show confused early references to the Mandaeans, mistaken for an Islamic sect:1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) ii. 267 Such are the grosse fanatick Dogmataes of the Alcoran..above 70 in severall specie and nomenclation: some of which, with heed I have observed..[in alphabetical list] Mendee... The Mendeæ afflict their bodies by thirst, lashing & wounding themselves; and in charitie..carrie burthens or doe anie labour. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (mæ·ndīăn) /ˈmændiːən/. A. adj. Of or relating to a Middle Eastern Gnostic sect surviving in Iraq and Khuzistan (south-west Iran) and perhaps of Mesopotamian origin, or to the Aramaic dialect in which its sacred books are written. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [adjective] > Semitic > Aramaic > Mandaean Mandaean1698 Mandaitea1837 Mandaic1891 society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [adjective] > Mandaean Mandaean1698 Sabian1859 1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 445 They shewed me Books written in the Samaritan, Mendæan, Coptic, [etc.]. 1715 H. Wanley Let. June (1989) 314 I would desire..some Book of the Mendaean Christians. 1791 W. Jones in Asiatick Researches 2 27 The fine manuscript at Oxford, from which it was taken, is more probably a Mendean work on some religious subject than, as he imagined, a code of Tartarian laws. 1801 J. Hager Babylon. Inscript. iv. 37 Respecting the nature, form, and shape of these letters [in Babylonian inscriptions] no antient author has left us any information. The only characters hitherto produced, are the square Chaldaic..and the Sabean, otherwise called the Mendæan or Nabathæo-Chaldaic. 1854 C. C. J. Bunsen Christianity & Mankind IV. App. 366 In this Zabean or Mendæan alphabet..these semivowels are joined on only to the end of the consonant. 1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 468/2 Primal Life, who is properly speaking the Mandæan god. 1900 Daily News 15 Aug. 6/2 A large number of Hebrew and Mandæan vases..were discovered. 1937 Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Dec. 971/3 Ratna, the Mandaean vernacular, is largely dying out of everyday use. 1986 M. Baigent et al. Messianic Legacy (1992) (BNC) 121 During the first three centuries.., there were certain Mandaean or Johannite sects, especially in the region of the Tigris–Euphrates basin, who honoured John, not Jesus, as their prophet. B. n. 1. A member of this sect. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [noun] > person > mandaean Mandaean1765 Sabian1797 Mandaitea1837 1765 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. III. iii. ii. 371 (note) Their religion consists in bodily washings, performed frequently and with great solemnity... The Mendæans at present perform these ablutions only once in a year. 1832 Encycl. Americana XI. 158/2 Sabians, or Christians of St. John (likewise called Nazoræans and Mendæans). 1853 J. Farrar Eccles. Dict. 382 The Mendæans, or Christians of St. John, who call themselves Mendai Yuchanan, disciples of John. 1875 J. B. Lightfoot St. Paul's Epist. Colossians 165 (note) These Mandeans are a rapidly diminishing sect living in the region about the Tigris. 1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 467/2 Mandæans, also known as Sabians, Nasoræans, or St. John's Christians, an Oriental sect of great antiquity. 1959 E. S. Drower (title) The canonical prayerbook of the Mandaeans. 1992 A. T. Mann Millennium Prophecies ii. 12 Some calculations of the length of the Great Year were as follows:..Mandaeans 480,000 years. 2. = Mandaic n. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Semitic > Aramaic > Mandaean Mandaean1886 Mandaite1900 1886 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XXI. 649/1 There is a close resemblance between Mandæan and the language of the Babylonian Talmud. 1977 C. F. Voegelin & F. M. Voegelin Classif. & Index World's Langs. 303 East Aramaic... Mandaic = Mandaean (Sabaeans of lower Mesopotamia). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1698
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