malicadj.

Brit.

/ˈmeɪlɪk/,

/ˈmalɪk/, U.S.

/ˈmælɪk/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malique.

Etymology: < French malique (A. F. Fourcroy 1787, in Mém. de l'Acad. des Sci. 284) < classical Latin mālum apple (see male n.²) + -ique -ic suffix.

Chemistry.

1. Of or relating to malic acid. malic acid n. a colourless crystalline acid which is an intermediate metabolite in the Krebs cycle and in the C₄ pathway of photosynthesis, and is present in apples, rowan berries, and many other fruits; 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, HOOC·CH₂CH(OH)·COOH.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > acids obtained from plants or trees > [noun] > from fruits and berries

malic acid1788

sorbic acid1815

pectic acid1825

cellulic acid1859

lauric acid1868

1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 58 Malic radical.

1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 109 Acid malic... Acid of apples.

1796 S. Dickson Ess. Chem. Nomencl. iv. 210 Acid of Apples, or, as the French translate it, malic acid, deducing the denomination from the pyrus malus of Linnè.

1797 tr. Fourcroy in Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 871/1 The citric and malic acids which I have found in wine.

1801 Encycl. Brit. Suppl. I. 326/1 Scheele discovered a peculiar acid..which, because it is found most abundantly in apples, has been called malic acid.

1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 94 Malic acid may be obtained from the juice of apples, barberries, plums, elderberries [etc.].

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 843 Cider contains malic acid.

1951 Sci. News 22 80 An illuminated preparation of spinach chloroplasts can reduce carbon dioxide plus pyruvic acid to malic acid.

1975 P. V. Price Taste of Wine iii. 20/1 In some areas, such as in very hot vineyards, the malic acid should, ideally, be retained in the wine to make it fresh and crisp.

1991 Wine & Spirits Apr. 46/3 I like the malic taste in the finish.

2. Of an enzyme: that acts on malic acid; spec. that oxidatively decarboxylates malate.

ΚΠ

1937 H. Tauber Enzyme Chem. vii. 170 Malic dehydrogenase may be prepared by washing frog or ox muscle with M/15 phosphate buffer.

1948 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 174 997 There might be a mechanism for fixation of CO₂ by pyruvate other than that involving the ‘malic’ enzyme.

1951 Physiol. Rev. 31 86 Enzymes catalyzing the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of l-malic acid are widely distributed. These enzymes are distinct from malic dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the reversible oxidation of l-malic acid, and are referred to as ‘malic’ enzymes. The majority of the known malic enzymes function specifically with TPN as coenzyme.

1972 Biochem. Genetics 7 303 Polymorphic variation of the human mitochondrial malic enzyme was detected in Caucasians and Negroes.

1988 L. Stryer Biochem. (ed. 3) xx. 488 Malate is oxidatively decarboxylated by an NADP⁺-linked malate enzyme (also called malic enzyme).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	malic
释义	malicadj. Brit. /ˈmeɪlɪk/, /ˈmalɪk/, U.S. /ˈmælɪk/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malique. Etymology: < French malique (A. F. Fourcroy 1787, in Mém. de l'Acad. des Sci. 284) < classical Latin mālum apple (see male n.²) + -ique -ic suffix. Chemistry. 1. Of or relating to malic acid. malic acid n. a colourless crystalline acid which is an intermediate metabolite in the Krebs cycle and in the C₄ pathway of photosynthesis, and is present in apples, rowan berries, and many other fruits; 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, HOOC·CH₂CH(OH)·COOH. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > acids obtained from plants or trees > [noun] > from fruits and berries malic acid1788 sorbic acid1815 pectic acid1825 cellulic acid1859 lauric acid1868 1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 58 Malic radical. 1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 109 Acid malic... Acid of apples. 1796 S. Dickson Ess. Chem. Nomencl. iv. 210 Acid of Apples, or, as the French translate it, malic acid, deducing the denomination from the pyrus malus of Linnè. 1797 tr. Fourcroy in Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 871/1 The citric and malic acids which I have found in wine. 1801 Encycl. Brit. Suppl. I. 326/1 Scheele discovered a peculiar acid..which, because it is found most abundantly in apples, has been called malic acid. 1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 94 Malic acid may be obtained from the juice of apples, barberries, plums, elderberries [etc.]. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 843 Cider contains malic acid. 1951 Sci. News 22 80 An illuminated preparation of spinach chloroplasts can reduce carbon dioxide plus pyruvic acid to malic acid. 1975 P. V. Price Taste of Wine iii. 20/1 In some areas, such as in very hot vineyards, the malic acid should, ideally, be retained in the wine to make it fresh and crisp. 1991 Wine & Spirits Apr. 46/3 I like the malic taste in the finish. 2. Of an enzyme: that acts on malic acid; spec. that oxidatively decarboxylates malate. ΚΠ 1937 H. Tauber Enzyme Chem. vii. 170 Malic dehydrogenase may be prepared by washing frog or ox muscle with M/15 phosphate buffer. 1948 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 174 997 There might be a mechanism for fixation of CO₂ by pyruvate other than that involving the ‘malic’ enzyme. 1951 Physiol. Rev. 31 86 Enzymes catalyzing the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of l-malic acid are widely distributed. These enzymes are distinct from malic dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the reversible oxidation of l-malic acid, and are referred to as ‘malic’ enzymes. The majority of the known malic enzymes function specifically with TPN as coenzyme. 1972 Biochem. Genetics 7 303 Polymorphic variation of the human mitochondrial malic enzyme was detected in Caucasians and Negroes. 1988 L. Stryer Biochem. (ed. 3) xx. 488 Malate is oxidatively decarboxylated by an NADP⁺-linked malate enzyme (also called malic enzyme). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1788
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