maliciousadj.n.

Brit.

/məˈlɪʃəs/, U.S.

/məˈlɪʃəs/

Forms: Middle English malcious (transmission error), Middle English maleciouse, Middle English malicieus, Middle English maliciose, Middle English maliciows, Middle English malicius, Middle English malicyows, Middle English malycyouse, Middle English malycyowse, Middle English malycyuse, Middle English–1500s maliciouse, Middle English–1500s malicous, Middle English–1500s malitius, Middle English–1500s malycyous, Middle English–1600s malycious, Middle English– malicious, 1500s malicyous, 1500s malicyouse, 1500s malycieux, 1500s malyciouse, 1500s malysyous, 1500s–1600s malitious, 1500s–1600s malytious, 1600s mallicious, 1600s mallitious, 1700s mallishous; Scottish pre-1700 maliceous, pre-1700 malicius, pre-1700 malishcyus, pre-1700 malishes, pre-1700 malisious, pre-1700 malisius, pre-1700 malitious, pre-1700 malitius, pre-1700 mallitious, pre-1700 malyssius, pre-1700 malytyus, pre-1700 1700s– malicious.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malicious.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman malicious, Old French malicios, malicieux (mid 12th cent.; French malicieux ) < classical Latin malitiōsus < malitia (see malice n.) + -ōsus -ous suffix.In sense A. 2c after Anglo-Norman legal use. With weakened use in senses A. 1a and A. 2a compare similar sense developments in French (1690 in sense ‘inclined to witty teasing’).

A. adj.

I. Characterized by malice.

a. Of a person, disposition, etc.: given to malice; addicted to sentiments or acts of ill will; full of hate. Now also in weakened sense: given to mischief; inclined to tease.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective]

teenfulOE

atteryc1175

ondfula1200

maliciousa1250

doggedc1300

enviousc1330

venoma1350

spitous?a1366

despitousc1374

heinous?a1400

venomyc1400

sinister1411

sputousc1420

doggish?a1425

cankered?a1439

doggya1450

sinistrous1460

spity1481

despiteful1488

spiteful1490

despiteous?1510

viperious?1510

peevisha1522

maliceful1522

envyful1530

viperinec1540

viperous?1542

vipered1560

uncanny1596

dogged-sprighted1600

maliced1602

ill-minded1611

virulent1613

ill-hearteda1617

doleful1617

spitish1627

splenial1641

litherlya1643

venomsome1660

slim1674

viper1721

vipereal1750

viperish1755

vicious1825

waspish1855

viperian1866

viperan1877

cattish1883

catty1886

bitchy1928

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective] > of thing

maliciousa1250

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective]

loathOE

teenfulOE

nithefulOE

ondfula1200

maliciousa1250

doggedc1300

enviousc1330

venomousa1340

venoma1350

spitous?a1366

despitousc1374

heinous?a1400

unkindlya1400

venomyc1400

sinister1411

sputousc1420

doggish?a1425

cankered?a1439

doggya1450

sinistrous1460

spity1481

despiteful1488

spiteful1490

despiteous?1510

viperious?1510

peevisha1522

envyful1530

viperous1535

viperinec1540

vipered1560

bad-minded1588

uncanny1596

dogged-sprighted1600

toothsome1601

maliced1602

ill-minded1611

virulent1613

ill-hearteda1617

doleful1617

spitish1627

ill-meaning1633

splenial1641

litherlya1643

venomsome1660

slim1668

cat-witted1672

vipereal1750

viperish1755

méchant1813

vicious1825

maliceful1840

mean1841

waspish1855

viperian1866

viperan1877

cattish1883

catty1886

bad mind1904

bitchy1908

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 68 Þe attri neddre, þe ondfule & te luðere iþohtet, þat beon malicius & liðere aȝain oðere.

c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 425 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 143 (MED) Why artow so malicious Toward god & toward ous?

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 1634 (MED) The man which is malicious And folhastif, fulofte he falleth.

c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 90 (MED) Þe angry, fell, & malycyous man wayteth his leysere, to wrekyn his tene at wylle.

1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Ev When one for lucre beareth a fayre face outwardely, and fedeth inwardly a maliciouse stomake.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. i. 86 Either you must Confesse your selues wondrous Malicious, Or be accus'd of Folly.

1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 20 In case any man shewed him kindnesse, or were malitious against him, he would doe all he could, to goe beyond him in either of both.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 253 Thou knowst..what malicious Foe..seeks to work us woe and shame By sly assault.

1689–90 A. Wood Life 12 Mar. (1894) III. 327 Two malitious fellowes were found sticking up a libell reflecting on the fast.

1727 D. Defoe Ess. Hist. Apparitions iii. 22 He is still in Being, and still the same malicious Devil.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. iv. 80 A child of ten years, whose castle of cards has been blown down by a malicious companion.

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. xiii. 57 She was not very clever, but she was very malicious, which is more successful with society.

1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xi. 110 She's so malicious—she seems to put a bad flavour in everything.

1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond iv. 32 Archæologists, who were the worst of the lot for tittle-tattle, and as malicious as cats.

1990 D. Bolger Journey Home (1991) i. 20 I was eight but I was in love with danger.., you know, werewolves and ghosts waiting for you, trees with malicious spirits you have to pass.

†b. Wicked, sinful; evil-disposed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [adjective]

shrew1297

shrewd13..

maliciousc1330

ill-disposedc1460

shrewishc1480

indisposed1481

misaffectionate1533

unsavoury1568

ill-conditioned1614

ill-natured1645

unamiable1711

malignant1785

ill-thriven1806

nasty1825

beastly1911

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > [adjective]

shrew1297

shrewd13..

maliciousc1330

ill-disposedc1460

shrewishc1480

indisposed1481

unsavoury1568

ill-natured1656

unamiable1774

ill-thriven1806

nasty1825

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 8476 (MED) Abide, þou þef malicious! Biche sone, þou drawest amis.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 508 So mony malicious mon as mournez þer-inne.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 38 Amicus hard tell þat his fadur was dead, & att malicious men wold take his heritage fro hym.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 57 Women one and other properly to speke ben malicious in her werkes.

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 117 Thanne he drough towards him..the maliciouse men and suche as war enclined to myschieff by the constraynte of pouerte.

†c. Fierce, warlike. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > war > [adjective] > warlike > of persons

fightya1325

fightinga1340

fadea1400

maliciousc1400

warly1423

bellicose1432

warlike1488

bellicous1536

bellosious1606

debellative1651

Tyrtaean1880

warry1901

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 3319 (MED) Ne seiȝ Ich neuere so hardy kniȝth, So queynt ne so maliciouse, So stronge on hors ne so vertuouse.

†d. Clever, artful. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > ingenious

craftlyOE

craftyOE

quainta1250

enginefulc1400

maliciousc1425

industriousc1487

curious1489

ingenious1576

daedal1590

Daedalian1607

fertile-headed1632

knacky1710

supple1710

tricksome1821

tactical1883

tricky1887

fertile-brained1894

c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 92 (MED) Thies oþer belowen lowe and gret, stoupyng wiþ þe hede..and þat is a tokyn of a grete hert and an olde and malicious.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 8 (MED) She was weddid to a knight, wyse and malicious, that had knowlache of her maners.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H As a Castle..By subtile engins and malitious slight Is vndermined.

a. Of a thing, quality, etc.: arising from or characterized by malice. In early use often: †evil, wicked (obsolete). Now also in weakened sense: mischievous. Cf. malice n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [adjective] > proceeding from ill will

maliciousc1400

misintended1595

virulent1607

c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 21 Þe malicious bisynes of þis world.

c1440 Privity of Passion (Thornton) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 204 (MED) They make Ioye & myrthe þat þeire malicious Entente..es fulfillede.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) iii. 7 The tethe of synful ere þe malycyouse gnawyngs of bakbiters.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxiii. 261 Gerarde, who by his malysyous entent hath done this treason.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4894 We..manast his messanger with malicous pride.

1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 48 A mani of sutch glorius brags and malitius words, utterid of purpose.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. i. 7 Esteeme none..your Foes, but such as shall pretend Malicious practises against his State.

1651 in E. Nicholas Papers (1886) I. 273 The private whisper of a malicious groundlesse lye.

1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 97 We are sure the Devil does communicate his malicious Proposals of Mischief to Mankind.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xxii. 733 Those who felt thus had learned with malicious delight that the First Lord of the Treasury was named in the confession.

1908 E. M. Forster Room with View x. 176 Mr. Vyse was..worse than a tease: he took a malicious pleasure in thwarting people.

1946 A. Christie Hollow xiv. 131 Midge..sat down by him, noting with malicious pleasure his look of dismay.

1987 B. Moore Colour of Blood ii. 18 I allowed myself to enter into collusion with Father Malik by my spiteful, malicious remark.

†b. Of a thing: stern, fierce. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective]

grimlyc893

wrothc893

reighOE

grima1000

grillc1175

witherc1175

grimfula1240

sturdy1297

wild1297

fiercea1300

man-keenc1300

stoutc1300

cruelc1330

fell?c1335

wicked1375

felonousc1386

felona1400

cursedc1400

runishc1400

keen?c1425

roid?c1425

wolvishc1430

ranishc1450

malicious1485

mankind1519

mannish1530

lionish1549

truculent?c1550

lion-like1556

tigerish?1573

tiger-like1587

truculental1593

Amazonian1595

tigerous1597

feral1604

fierceful1607

efferous1614

lionly1631

tigerly1633

feroce1641

ferocious1646

asperous1650

ferousa1652

blusterous1663

wolfish1674

boarisha1718

savage-fierce1770

Tartar1809

Tartarly1821

wolfy1828

savagerous1832

hawkish1841

tigery1859

attern1868

Hunnish1915

society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > severe or stern > of expression or manner

sturdy1297

grim1340

stern1390

malicious1485

severe1565

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. biij/2 He..had hys syght and regarde fyers & malycyous.

c. Law. Characterized by malice aforethought, as in malicious damage, malicious mischief, malicious prosecution, malicious slander, malicious striking, malicious waste, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > relating to crime > with criminal intent

malicious1530–1

dolosea1859

dolous1890

1421 [implied in: 1421 in Cal. Proc. Chancery Queen Elizabeth (1827) I. p. xvii John Canon..malycyouslych ymagenyd him to slee. (at maliciously adv. 3)].

1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 11 Every suche perverse & malicyous cuttyng downe & brekyng up of any parte or partes of the sayde Dykes.

1541–2 Act 33 Hen. VIII c. 12 §1 Murders manslaughters and other malicious strikinges.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. viii. 126 A special action on the case for a false and malicious prosecution.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xiv. 243 Malicious mischief, or damage, is the next species of injury to private property.

1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. iii. ii. xii. 236 Malicious slander is the relating of either truth or falshood, with a conscious purpose of creating misery.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 156 Cutting down trees planted for shelter or ornament; or any other kind of malicious waste.

1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 333/1 Injuries to private property..committed with the malicious intention of injuring the owner of such property.

1866 Mr. Baron Martin in Liverpool Mercury 18 Aug. Any wrongful act, done intentionally, without just cause or excuse, was a malicious act.

1917 Times 14 Aug. 3/3 Holders of municipal allotments..claim for loss by malicious damage, the hearts of 700 cabbages having been cut out.

1957 O. R. McGregor Divorce in Eng. 5 From 1557 the Commissary Court..gave absolute divorce for adultery and malicious desertion for four years.

1986 Times 16 July 2 The fire service is losing the battle against false and malicious alarm calls.

†II. Extended uses.

3. Malignant, virulent, harmful. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > very

balefulOE

wanlichc1275

grievous1340

malignc1350

maliciousa1398

venom1538

virulent1563

malignant1564

blasting1591

fatal1681

blighting1796

terminal1952

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > violent or severe

grimc900

strongeOE

grievousc1290

burning1393

acutea1398

maliciousa1398

peracutea1398

sorea1400

wicked14..

malign?a1425

vehement?a1425

malignousc1475

angrya1500

cacoethe?1541

eager?1543

virulent1563

malignant1568

raging1590

roaring1590

furious1597

grassant1601

hearty1601

sharp1607

main1627

generous1632

perperacute1647

serious1655

ferine1666

bad1705

severe1725

unfavourable1782

grave1888

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 25^v Ȝif þe vapour is malicious, stinkinge, & corrupt, it corrumpiþ þe spirit þat hatte animalis.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 207 Þere comeþ manie pustulis, & summe þerof ben ful malicious.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 8^v (MED) The firste cure in þis caas is þis, ffor to opene þe wounde wiþ a fleme, þat þe malicious blood mowe passe out.

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 58 Thinges..destilled in lead, I iudge them altogether to be disalowed, because of y^e..malicious qualities of the leade.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A rising of flesh by some malicious matter or ill humour.

1720 J. Woodward Let. in J. Strype Stow's Survey of London (rev. ed.) I. i. xxviii. 240/2 Infested by those so fatal and malicious Maladies.

4. Astrology. Exercising a baleful influence, unfavourable. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > [adjective] > malign

maliciousa1398

maligna1475

malevolent1593

maleficial1601

malefical1603

malignanta1616

feral1647

malefic1652

malevolous1652

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 112^v Þe malice of a malicious sterre as [read is] I-tempered an abatid by presence of a goodliche sterre.

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. xi. 102 These seuen signes were malicious to oure glorious sonne.

B. n.

A malicious person; (with the and plural agreement) malicious people regarded as a class.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [noun] > person

malicious1535

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > [noun] > person

malicious1535

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms ix. [x.] 15 Break thou y^e arme off the vngodly and malycious, search out the wickednesse which he hath done.

1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Disobedience v, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 585 A few ambitious and malicious are the authors..of rebellion.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. f. 17 The high iudgement of God wil not faile you..against the malicious and slaunderous.

1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. p. xxx I..would take leave to rely on your Protection from the most prevailing Faction in this Island, the Dull and the Malicious.

1745 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 27 A few malicious, who would have countenanced her to vex him.

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision II. vi. 84 While now thy living ones In thee abide not without war; and one Malicious gnaws another.

1991 Cycling Weekly 27 July 29/1 Even if you secure a bike to railings with every shackle lock and chain you own, you still lay it open to vandalism and damage from the incompetent and the malicious.

Compounds

malicious-hearted, malicious-looking, malicious-tongued, etc., adjs.

ΚΠ

1596 R. Linche Dom Diego in Diella sig. E4 Tis strange that Maides should ere be so abused, to credit each malicious-tongued slaue.

1614 R. Cudner To Water-poet in J. Taylor Nipping of Abuses sig. A2 Malitious minded men will thee dispraise; Enuy debases all, her selfe to raise.

1642 J. Vicars God in Mount 63 A most impious and malicious-hearted fellow.

1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iv. i. 61 It is, As I may say, a designing and malicious-looking Letter!—and I warrant smells of gunpowder like A soldier's pouch!

1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain II. iii. 65 A..malicious looking urchin of about fifteen.

1863 C. A. Johns Home Walks 165 On two occasions I saw a shark lying on the beach. One was the species known as the Porbeagle, a malicious-looking monster about six feet long, with a mouth armed with three rows of very sharp triangular teeth.

1998 Re: ‘Hello & what you Think’ in alt.folklore.ghost-stories (Usenet newsgroup) 20 Oct. I heard a voice repeat ,‘Momma, Momma, Momma’ over and over again in a shrill, almost malicious sounding voice faster and faster.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	malicious
释义	maliciousadj.n. Brit. /məˈlɪʃəs/, U.S. /məˈlɪʃəs/ Forms: Middle English malcious (transmission error), Middle English maleciouse, Middle English malicieus, Middle English maliciose, Middle English maliciows, Middle English malicius, Middle English malicyows, Middle English malycyouse, Middle English malycyowse, Middle English malycyuse, Middle English–1500s maliciouse, Middle English–1500s malicous, Middle English–1500s malitius, Middle English–1500s malycyous, Middle English–1600s malycious, Middle English– malicious, 1500s malicyous, 1500s malicyouse, 1500s malycieux, 1500s malyciouse, 1500s malysyous, 1500s–1600s malitious, 1500s–1600s malytious, 1600s mallicious, 1600s mallitious, 1700s mallishous; Scottish pre-1700 maliceous, pre-1700 malicius, pre-1700 malishcyus, pre-1700 malishes, pre-1700 malisious, pre-1700 malisius, pre-1700 malitious, pre-1700 malitius, pre-1700 mallitious, pre-1700 malyssius, pre-1700 malytyus, pre-1700 1700s– malicious. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French malicious. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman malicious, Old French malicios, malicieux (mid 12th cent.; French malicieux ) < classical Latin malitiōsus < malitia (see malice n.) + -ōsus -ous suffix.In sense A. 2c after Anglo-Norman legal use. With weakened use in senses A. 1a and A. 2a compare similar sense developments in French (1690 in sense ‘inclined to witty teasing’). A. adj. I. Characterized by malice. 1. a. Of a person, disposition, etc.: given to malice; addicted to sentiments or acts of ill will; full of hate. Now also in weakened sense: given to mischief; inclined to tease. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective] teenfulOE atteryc1175 ondfula1200 maliciousa1250 doggedc1300 enviousc1330 venoma1350 spitous?a1366 despitousc1374 heinous?a1400 venomyc1400 sinister1411 sputousc1420 doggish?a1425 cankered?a1439 doggya1450 sinistrous1460 spity1481 despiteful1488 spiteful1490 despiteous?1510 viperious?1510 peevisha1522 maliceful1522 envyful1530 viperinec1540 viperous?1542 vipered1560 uncanny1596 dogged-sprighted1600 maliced1602 ill-minded1611 virulent1613 ill-hearteda1617 doleful1617 spitish1627 splenial1641 litherlya1643 venomsome1660 slim1674 viper1721 vipereal1750 viperish1755 vicious1825 waspish1855 viperian1866 viperan1877 cattish1883 catty1886 bitchy1928 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [adjective] > of thing maliciousa1250 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [adjective] loathOE teenfulOE nithefulOE ondfula1200 maliciousa1250 doggedc1300 enviousc1330 venomousa1340 venoma1350 spitous?a1366 despitousc1374 heinous?a1400 unkindlya1400 venomyc1400 sinister1411 sputousc1420 doggish?a1425 cankered?a1439 doggya1450 sinistrous1460 spity1481 despiteful1488 spiteful1490 despiteous?1510 viperious?1510 peevisha1522 envyful1530 viperous1535 viperinec1540 vipered1560 bad-minded1588 uncanny1596 dogged-sprighted1600 toothsome1601 maliced1602 ill-minded1611 virulent1613 ill-hearteda1617 doleful1617 spitish1627 ill-meaning1633 splenial1641 litherlya1643 venomsome1660 slim1668 cat-witted1672 vipereal1750 viperish1755 méchant1813 vicious1825 maliceful1840 mean1841 waspish1855 viperian1866 viperan1877 cattish1883 catty1886 bad mind1904 bitchy1908 a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 68 Þe attri neddre, þe ondfule & te luðere iþohtet, þat beon malicius & liðere aȝain oðere. c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 425 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 143 (MED) Why artow so malicious Toward god & toward ous? a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 1634 (MED) The man which is malicious And folhastif, fulofte he falleth. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 90 (MED) Þe angry, fell, & malycyous man wayteth his leysere, to wrekyn his tene at wylle. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Ev When one for lucre beareth a fayre face outwardely, and fedeth inwardly a maliciouse stomake. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. i. 86 Either you must Confesse your selues wondrous Malicious, Or be accus'd of Folly. View more context for this quotation 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 20 In case any man shewed him kindnesse, or were malitious against him, he would doe all he could, to goe beyond him in either of both. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 253 Thou knowst..what malicious Foe..seeks to work us woe and shame By sly assault. View more context for this quotation 1689–90 A. Wood Life 12 Mar. (1894) III. 327 Two malitious fellowes were found sticking up a libell reflecting on the fast. 1727 D. Defoe Ess. Hist. Apparitions iii. 22 He is still in Being, and still the same malicious Devil. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. iv. 80 A child of ten years, whose castle of cards has been blown down by a malicious companion. 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. xiii. 57 She was not very clever, but she was very malicious, which is more successful with society. 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xi. 110 She's so malicious—she seems to put a bad flavour in everything. 1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond iv. 32 Archæologists, who were the worst of the lot for tittle-tattle, and as malicious as cats. 1990 D. Bolger Journey Home (1991) i. 20 I was eight but I was in love with danger.., you know, werewolves and ghosts waiting for you, trees with malicious spirits you have to pass. †b. Wicked, sinful; evil-disposed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [adjective] shrew1297 shrewd13.. maliciousc1330 ill-disposedc1460 shrewishc1480 indisposed1481 misaffectionate1533 unsavoury1568 ill-conditioned1614 ill-natured1645 unamiable1711 malignant1785 ill-thriven1806 nasty1825 beastly1911 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > [adjective] shrew1297 shrewd13.. maliciousc1330 ill-disposedc1460 shrewishc1480 indisposed1481 unsavoury1568 ill-natured1656 unamiable1774 ill-thriven1806 nasty1825 c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 8476 (MED) Abide, þou þef malicious! Biche sone, þou drawest amis. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 508 So mony malicious mon as mournez þer-inne. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 38 Amicus hard tell þat his fadur was dead, & att malicious men wold take his heritage fro hym. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 57 Women one and other properly to speke ben malicious in her werkes. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 117 Thanne he drough towards him..the maliciouse men and suche as war enclined to myschieff by the constraynte of pouerte. †c. Fierce, warlike. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > war > [adjective] > warlike > of persons fightya1325 fightinga1340 fadea1400 maliciousc1400 warly1423 bellicose1432 warlike1488 bellicous1536 bellosious1606 debellative1651 Tyrtaean1880 warry1901 c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 3319 (MED) Ne seiȝ Ich neuere so hardy kniȝth, So queynt ne so maliciouse, So stronge on hors ne so vertuouse. †d. Clever, artful. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > ingenious craftlyOE craftyOE quainta1250 enginefulc1400 maliciousc1425 industriousc1487 curious1489 ingenious1576 daedal1590 Daedalian1607 fertile-headed1632 knacky1710 supple1710 tricksome1821 tactical1883 tricky1887 fertile-brained1894 c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 92 (MED) Thies oþer belowen lowe and gret, stoupyng wiþ þe hede..and þat is a tokyn of a grete hert and an olde and malicious. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 8 (MED) She was weddid to a knight, wyse and malicious, that had knowlache of her maners. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H As a Castle..By subtile engins and malitious slight Is vndermined. 2. a. Of a thing, quality, etc.: arising from or characterized by malice. In early use often: †evil, wicked (obsolete). Now also in weakened sense: mischievous. Cf. malice n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [adjective] > proceeding from ill will maliciousc1400 misintended1595 virulent1607 c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 21 Þe malicious bisynes of þis world. c1440 Privity of Passion (Thornton) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 204 (MED) They make Ioye & myrthe þat þeire malicious Entente..es fulfillede. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) iii. 7 The tethe of synful ere þe malycyouse gnawyngs of bakbiters. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxiii. 261 Gerarde, who by his malysyous entent hath done this treason. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4894 We..manast his messanger with malicous pride. 1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 48 A mani of sutch glorius brags and malitius words, utterid of purpose. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. i. 7 Esteeme none..your Foes, but such as shall pretend Malicious practises against his State. View more context for this quotation 1651 in E. Nicholas Papers (1886) I. 273 The private whisper of a malicious groundlesse lye. 1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 97 We are sure the Devil does communicate his malicious Proposals of Mischief to Mankind. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xxii. 733 Those who felt thus had learned with malicious delight that the First Lord of the Treasury was named in the confession. 1908 E. M. Forster Room with View x. 176 Mr. Vyse was..worse than a tease: he took a malicious pleasure in thwarting people. 1946 A. Christie Hollow xiv. 131 Midge..sat down by him, noting with malicious pleasure his look of dismay. 1987 B. Moore Colour of Blood ii. 18 I allowed myself to enter into collusion with Father Malik by my spiteful, malicious remark. †b. Of a thing: stern, fierce. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective] grimlyc893 wrothc893 reighOE grima1000 grillc1175 witherc1175 grimfula1240 sturdy1297 wild1297 fiercea1300 man-keenc1300 stoutc1300 cruelc1330 fell?c1335 wicked1375 felonousc1386 felona1400 cursedc1400 runishc1400 keen?c1425 roid?c1425 wolvishc1430 ranishc1450 malicious1485 mankind1519 mannish1530 lionish1549 truculent?c1550 lion-like1556 tigerish?1573 tiger-like1587 truculental1593 Amazonian1595 tigerous1597 feral1604 fierceful1607 efferous1614 lionly1631 tigerly1633 feroce1641 ferocious1646 asperous1650 ferousa1652 blusterous1663 wolfish1674 boarisha1718 savage-fierce1770 Tartar1809 Tartarly1821 wolfy1828 savagerous1832 hawkish1841 tigery1859 attern1868 Hunnish1915 society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > severe or stern > of expression or manner sturdy1297 grim1340 stern1390 malicious1485 severe1565 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. biij/2 He..had hys syght and regarde fyers & malycyous. c. Law. Characterized by malice aforethought, as in malicious damage, malicious mischief, malicious prosecution, malicious slander, malicious striking, malicious waste, etc. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > relating to crime > with criminal intent malicious1530–1 dolosea1859 dolous1890 1421 [implied in: 1421 in Cal. Proc. Chancery Queen Elizabeth (1827) I. p. xvii John Canon..malycyouslych ymagenyd him to slee. (at maliciously adv. 3)]. 1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 11 Every suche perverse & malicyous cuttyng downe & brekyng up of any parte or partes of the sayde Dykes. 1541–2 Act 33 Hen. VIII c. 12 §1 Murders manslaughters and other malicious strikinges. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. viii. 126 A special action on the case for a false and malicious prosecution. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xiv. 243 Malicious mischief, or damage, is the next species of injury to private property. 1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. iii. ii. xii. 236 Malicious slander is the relating of either truth or falshood, with a conscious purpose of creating misery. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 156 Cutting down trees planted for shelter or ornament; or any other kind of malicious waste. 1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 333/1 Injuries to private property..committed with the malicious intention of injuring the owner of such property. 1866 Mr. Baron Martin in Liverpool Mercury 18 Aug. Any wrongful act, done intentionally, without just cause or excuse, was a malicious act. 1917 Times 14 Aug. 3/3 Holders of municipal allotments..claim for loss by malicious damage, the hearts of 700 cabbages having been cut out. 1957 O. R. McGregor Divorce in Eng. 5 From 1557 the Commissary Court..gave absolute divorce for adultery and malicious desertion for four years. 1986 Times 16 July 2 The fire service is losing the battle against false and malicious alarm calls. †II. Extended uses. 3. Malignant, virulent, harmful. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > very balefulOE wanlichc1275 grievous1340 malignc1350 maliciousa1398 venom1538 virulent1563 malignant1564 blasting1591 fatal1681 blighting1796 terminal1952 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > violent or severe grimc900 strongeOE grievousc1290 burning1393 acutea1398 maliciousa1398 peracutea1398 sorea1400 wicked14.. malign?a1425 vehement?a1425 malignousc1475 angrya1500 cacoethe?1541 eager?1543 virulent1563 malignant1568 raging1590 roaring1590 furious1597 grassant1601 hearty1601 sharp1607 main1627 generous1632 perperacute1647 serious1655 ferine1666 bad1705 severe1725 unfavourable1782 grave1888 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 25^v Ȝif þe vapour is malicious, stinkinge, & corrupt, it corrumpiþ þe spirit þat hatte animalis. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 207 Þere comeþ manie pustulis, & summe þerof ben ful malicious. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 8^v (MED) The firste cure in þis caas is þis, ffor to opene þe wounde wiþ a fleme, þat þe malicious blood mowe passe out. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 58 Thinges..destilled in lead, I iudge them altogether to be disalowed, because of y^e..malicious qualities of the leade. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A rising of flesh by some malicious matter or ill humour. 1720 J. Woodward Let. in J. Strype Stow's Survey of London (rev. ed.) I. i. xxviii. 240/2 Infested by those so fatal and malicious Maladies. 4. Astrology. Exercising a baleful influence, unfavourable. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > [adjective] > malign maliciousa1398 maligna1475 malevolent1593 maleficial1601 malefical1603 malignanta1616 feral1647 malefic1652 malevolous1652 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 112^v Þe malice of a malicious sterre as [read is] I-tempered an abatid by presence of a goodliche sterre. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. xi. 102 These seuen signes were malicious to oure glorious sonne. B. n. A malicious person; (with the and plural agreement) malicious people regarded as a class. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [noun] > person malicious1535 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > [noun] > person malicious1535 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms ix. [x.] 15 Break thou y^e arme off the vngodly and malycious, search out the wickednesse which he hath done. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Disobedience v, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 585 A few ambitious and malicious are the authors..of rebellion. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. f. 17 The high iudgement of God wil not faile you..against the malicious and slaunderous. 1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. p. xxx I..would take leave to rely on your Protection from the most prevailing Faction in this Island, the Dull and the Malicious. 1745 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 27 A few malicious, who would have countenanced her to vex him. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision II. vi. 84 While now thy living ones In thee abide not without war; and one Malicious gnaws another. 1991 Cycling Weekly 27 July 29/1 Even if you secure a bike to railings with every shackle lock and chain you own, you still lay it open to vandalism and damage from the incompetent and the malicious. Compounds malicious-hearted, malicious-looking, malicious-tongued, etc., adjs. ΚΠ 1596 R. Linche Dom Diego in Diella sig. E4 Tis strange that Maides should ere be so abused, to credit each malicious-tongued slaue. 1614 R. Cudner To Water-poet in J. Taylor Nipping of Abuses sig. A2 Malitious minded men will thee dispraise; Enuy debases all, her selfe to raise. 1642 J. Vicars God in Mount 63 A most impious and malicious-hearted fellow. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iv. i. 61 It is, As I may say, a designing and malicious-looking Letter!—and I warrant smells of gunpowder like A soldier's pouch! 1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain II. iii. 65 A..malicious looking urchin of about fifteen. 1863 C. A. Johns Home Walks 165 On two occasions I saw a shark lying on the beach. One was the species known as the Porbeagle, a malicious-looking monster about six feet long, with a mouth armed with three rows of very sharp triangular teeth. 1998 Re: ‘Hello & what you Think’ in alt.folklore.ghost-stories (Usenet newsgroup) 20 Oct. I heard a voice repeat ,‘Momma, Momma, Momma’ over and over again in a shrill, almost malicious sounding voice faster and faster. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.a1250
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