mare liberumn.

Brit.

/ˌmɑːreɪ ˈliːbərʊm/,

/ˌmɑːrɪ ˈlʌɪbərəm/, U.S.

/ˈmɑreɪ ˈlibərəm/,

/ˈmɑri ˈlaɪbərəm/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin mare liberum.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin mare liberum free sea, the title of a Latin treatise (1609) by Hugo Grotius (1583–1645), Dutch jurist < classical Latin mare (see mare n.⁴) + līberum , neuter of līber free (see liberal adj. and n.).

The principle that the high seas should be freely accessible to all nations; a sea or area of sea in which this principle applies. Cf. mare clausum n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [noun] > open to all nations

high seaeOE

mare liberum1651

international water1858

1639 J. Mayne Citye Match iii. ii. 26 Then..in time, Dutch Authors that writ Mare Liberum, Might dedicate their books to him?]

1651 Mercurius Politicus No. 59 945 Why should you write as if we pleaded mare liberum, you cannot blame us to have it so if we can, but truly we paid for Herrings in the Kings time, who could less disturb us then you can.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea sig. a2 This People [sc. the Netherlanders]..carried out their design..by..a daily intrusion upon the Territorie by Sea, that in time they durst plead and print Mare Liberum..to defie the Dominion of England over the Sea.

a1678 A. Marvell Char. Holland in Misc. Poems (1681) 111 As if on purpose it on Land had come To shew them what's their Mare Liberum.

1806 Washington Federalist 22 Mar. Again—Is the mare liberum any where asserted in this unnamed book? That free ships make free goods?—No, sir, the right of search is acknowledged; that enemy's property is lawful prize, is sealed and delivered.

1849 J. Allen Navigation Laws Great Brit. iv. 34 Although at one time the professed admirers of Mare Liberum, the Dutch began to consider that Mare Clausum possessed more substantial charms.

1856 Newspaper & Gen. Reader's Compan. 1. §1013 The Yellow Sea..is now a mare liberum to all the world.

1973 Times 9 May 16/2 Should we discover that we too might benefit from wider zones of national jurisdiction, we should after all only be returning to the philosophy prevailing before Grotius' idea of Mare Liberum took hold, to John Selden's equally respectable Mare Clausum.

1983 Sci. Amer. (Nexis) Mar. 28/3 The Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius advanced the concept of mare liberum, the free ocean open to navigators from all nations, each respecting that right for others.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mare liberum
释义	mare liberumn. Brit. /ˌmɑːreɪ ˈliːbərʊm/, /ˌmɑːrɪ ˈlʌɪbərəm/, U.S. /ˈmɑreɪ ˈlibərəm/, /ˈmɑri ˈlaɪbərəm/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin mare liberum. Etymology: < post-classical Latin mare liberum free sea, the title of a Latin treatise (1609) by Hugo Grotius (1583–1645), Dutch jurist < classical Latin mare (see mare n.⁴) + līberum , neuter of līber free (see liberal adj. and n.). The principle that the high seas should be freely accessible to all nations; a sea or area of sea in which this principle applies. Cf. mare clausum n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [noun] > open to all nations high seaeOE mare liberum1651 international water1858 1639 J. Mayne Citye Match iii. ii. 26 Then..in time, Dutch Authors that writ Mare Liberum, Might dedicate their books to him?] 1651 Mercurius Politicus No. 59 945 Why should you write as if we pleaded mare liberum, you cannot blame us to have it so if we can, but truly we paid for Herrings in the Kings time, who could less disturb us then you can. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea sig. a2 This People [sc. the Netherlanders]..carried out their design..by..a daily intrusion upon the Territorie by Sea, that in time they durst plead and print Mare Liberum..to defie the Dominion of England over the Sea. a1678 A. Marvell Char. Holland in Misc. Poems (1681) 111 As if on purpose it on Land had come To shew them what's their Mare Liberum. 1806 Washington Federalist 22 Mar. Again—Is the mare liberum any where asserted in this unnamed book? That free ships make free goods?—No, sir, the right of search is acknowledged; that enemy's property is lawful prize, is sealed and delivered. 1849 J. Allen Navigation Laws Great Brit. iv. 34 Although at one time the professed admirers of Mare Liberum, the Dutch began to consider that Mare Clausum possessed more substantial charms. 1856 Newspaper & Gen. Reader's Compan. 1. §1013 The Yellow Sea..is now a mare liberum to all the world. 1973 Times 9 May 16/2 Should we discover that we too might benefit from wider zones of national jurisdiction, we should after all only be returning to the philosophy prevailing before Grotius' idea of Mare Liberum took hold, to John Selden's equally respectable Mare Clausum. 1983 Sci. Amer. (Nexis) Mar. 28/3 The Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius advanced the concept of mare liberum, the free ocean open to navigators from all nations, each respecting that right for others. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1651
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