manifoldnessn.

Brit.

/ˈmanᵻfəʊldnəs/, U.S.

/ˈmænəˌfoʊldnəs/

Forms: see manifold adj. and -ness suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manifold adj., -ness suffix.

Etymology: < manifold adj. + -ness suffix.It is probable that the word became obsolete in Middle English and was re-formed in the 16th cent. In quots. 1809-10 and 1877 at sense 1, the word is used after Kant's specialized application of German Mannigfaltigkeit; for this and sense 2 (which translates B. Riemann's specialized application of the same German word), see note s.v. manifold adj. and n.¹

1. The quality or condition of being manifold; varied character; multiplicity. Also (in early use): †abundance (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [noun]

manifoldnesseOE

serenessa1300

diversityc1340

sundernessc1390

diversenessa1400

seretya1400

variancea1400

sundryhead?a1425

sundrinessa1450

variety1548

multivariety1601

diversifying1611

inconstancy1646

heterogeneity1651

variousness1651

heterogeneousness1662

variegation1668

multifariousness1684

miscellaneousness1727

miscellaneity1778

versatility1802

omnifariousness1806

motleyness1819

many-headedness1847

heterology1854

unhomogeneity1862

diversitude1870

variedness1897

polycentricity1915

inhomogeneity1916

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 362 Perplexitans [read perplexitas], manifealdnes.

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xii. 34 Ex abundantia enim cordis os loquitur : from monigfaldnisse forðon hearta muð sprecas.

lOE Canterbury Psalter xxxvi. 11 Mansueti autem possidebunt terram et delectabuntur in multitudine pacis : þa geþwæran soþlice agun eorðan & gelustfulliað on manigfealdnisse sibbe.

a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) 61 We na ne wanan þat we na þurh þa manifealdnesse ura ȝebeda syn ȝehyrede.

1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie xiv. 93 Customarie acquaintance will work the distinction in them [sc. words], & their manifoldnesse: as a beaten disputer will sift out the difference of manifold words, that the varietie of their sense, make no quarell in the question.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Multicuple, a manifoldnesse, great multiplication.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 398 Of Fire and Wormes,..the manifoldnesse, and in the weightinesse, and in the everlastingnesse thereof.

1804 S. T. Coleridge Let. 15 Jan. (1956) II. 1036 A distracting Manifoldness in my Objects & Attainments.

1809–10 S. T. Coleridge Friend (ed. 3) III. 145 The inordinate number and manifoldness of facts and phænomena.

1877 E. Caird Crit. Acct. Philos. Kant ii. viii. 347 The consciousness of self..as one in all the manifoldness and difference of its perceptions.

1894 T. H. Ward Eng. Poets, Clough IV. 590 Clough's poetry, marked as so much of it is by indecision and manifoldness of view.

1948 Man 48 79/1 The manifoldness of these different forms has favoured the conservation and diffusion of the species.

1968 G. H. Duggan Teilhardism & Faith iv. 39 Hence the ‘nothingness’ of the classical formulas is to be interpreted as pure multiplicity, manifoldness devoid of all unity.

1993 P. Anderson Harvest of Stars (1994) 283 An ordering of infinitely wonderful, unforeseeable manifoldness.

2. Mathematics. = manifold n.¹ 5. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > geometric space > [noun] > topological

manifoldness1873

manifold1878

submanifold1898

function space1912

topological space1913

sheaf1955

1873 W. K. Clifford tr. G. F. B. Riemann in Nature 1 May 15/2 These manifoldnesses pass over continuously into one another.

1877 Nature 12 Apr. 515/1 We see..that..the conception of space is a particular variety of a wider and more general conception. This wider conception, of which time and space are particular varieties, it has been proposed to denote by the term manifoldness.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 629 One word has recently come into use which is very convenient, inasmuch as it draws attention..to the prime object of mathematical contemplation, viz. ‘manifoldness’... The assemblage of points on a surface is a twofold manifoldness; the assemblage of points in tridimensional space is a threefold manifoldness; the values of a continuous function of n arguments are n-fold manifoldness.

1895 Proc. Royal Soc. 58 p. xxxi The manifoldness in this space..is the quadri-quadric two-dimensional amplitude common to thirteen quadric hyper-cylinders.

1911 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 12 404 By eliminating s and t we get the required minimal manifoldness M₃ expressed in cartesian coördinates.

1977 Amer. Math. Monthly 84 339 Klein uses ‘sense’ for ‘orientation’ and ‘manifoldness’ for ‘space’ or ‘manifold’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	manifoldness
释义	manifoldnessn. Brit. /ˈmanᵻfəʊldnəs/, U.S. /ˈmænəˌfoʊldnəs/ Forms: see manifold adj. and -ness suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manifold adj., -ness suffix. Etymology: < manifold adj. + -ness suffix.It is probable that the word became obsolete in Middle English and was re-formed in the 16th cent. In quots. 1809-10 and 1877 at sense 1, the word is used after Kant's specialized application of German Mannigfaltigkeit; for this and sense 2 (which translates B. Riemann's specialized application of the same German word), see note s.v. manifold adj. and n.¹ 1. The quality or condition of being manifold; varied character; multiplicity. Also (in early use): †abundance (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [noun] manifoldnesseOE serenessa1300 diversityc1340 sundernessc1390 diversenessa1400 seretya1400 variancea1400 sundryhead?a1425 sundrinessa1450 variety1548 multivariety1601 diversifying1611 inconstancy1646 heterogeneity1651 variousness1651 heterogeneousness1662 variegation1668 multifariousness1684 miscellaneousness1727 miscellaneity1778 versatility1802 omnifariousness1806 motleyness1819 many-headedness1847 heterology1854 unhomogeneity1862 diversitude1870 variedness1897 polycentricity1915 inhomogeneity1916 eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 362 Perplexitans [read perplexitas], manifealdnes. OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xii. 34 Ex abundantia enim cordis os loquitur : from monigfaldnisse forðon hearta muð sprecas. lOE Canterbury Psalter xxxvi. 11 Mansueti autem possidebunt terram et delectabuntur in multitudine pacis : þa geþwæran soþlice agun eorðan & gelustfulliað on manigfealdnisse sibbe. a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) 61 We na ne wanan þat we na þurh þa manifealdnesse ura ȝebeda syn ȝehyrede. 1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie xiv. 93 Customarie acquaintance will work the distinction in them [sc. words], & their manifoldnesse: as a beaten disputer will sift out the difference of manifold words, that the varietie of their sense, make no quarell in the question. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Multicuple, a manifoldnesse, great multiplication. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 398 Of Fire and Wormes,..the manifoldnesse, and in the weightinesse, and in the everlastingnesse thereof. 1804 S. T. Coleridge Let. 15 Jan. (1956) II. 1036 A distracting Manifoldness in my Objects & Attainments. 1809–10 S. T. Coleridge Friend (ed. 3) III. 145 The inordinate number and manifoldness of facts and phænomena. 1877 E. Caird Crit. Acct. Philos. Kant ii. viii. 347 The consciousness of self..as one in all the manifoldness and difference of its perceptions. 1894 T. H. Ward Eng. Poets, Clough IV. 590 Clough's poetry, marked as so much of it is by indecision and manifoldness of view. 1948 Man 48 79/1 The manifoldness of these different forms has favoured the conservation and diffusion of the species. 1968 G. H. Duggan Teilhardism & Faith iv. 39 Hence the ‘nothingness’ of the classical formulas is to be interpreted as pure multiplicity, manifoldness devoid of all unity. 1993 P. Anderson Harvest of Stars (1994) 283 An ordering of infinitely wonderful, unforeseeable manifoldness. 2. Mathematics. = manifold n.¹ 5. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > geometric space > [noun] > topological manifoldness1873 manifold1878 submanifold1898 function space1912 topological space1913 sheaf1955 1873 W. K. Clifford tr. G. F. B. Riemann in Nature 1 May 15/2 These manifoldnesses pass over continuously into one another. 1877 Nature 12 Apr. 515/1 We see..that..the conception of space is a particular variety of a wider and more general conception. This wider conception, of which time and space are particular varieties, it has been proposed to denote by the term manifoldness. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 629 One word has recently come into use which is very convenient, inasmuch as it draws attention..to the prime object of mathematical contemplation, viz. ‘manifoldness’... The assemblage of points on a surface is a twofold manifoldness; the assemblage of points in tridimensional space is a threefold manifoldness; the values of a continuous function of n arguments are n-fold manifoldness. 1895 Proc. Royal Soc. 58 p. xxxi The manifoldness in this space..is the quadri-quadric two-dimensional amplitude common to thirteen quadric hyper-cylinders. 1911 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 12 404 By eliminating s and t we get the required minimal manifoldness M₃ expressed in cartesian coördinates. 1977 Amer. Math. Monthly 84 339 Klein uses ‘sense’ for ‘orientation’ and ‘manifoldness’ for ‘space’ or ‘manifold’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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