marchern.¹

Brit.

/ˈmɑːtʃə/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrtʃər/

Forms: Middle English marchere, Middle English marcheyre, Middle English marchowr, Middle English merchear, Middle English 1600s marchour, Middle English–1500s marchier, Middle English– marcher, 1600s marcheour, 1600s marchior; Scottish pre-1700 marchar, pre-1700 marchear, pre-1700 marcher, pre-1700 merchear. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: march n.³, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < march n.³ + -er suffix¹. In some uses (especially in sense 4) perhaps partly after march v.¹Compare Anglo-Norman marchier , marcher of the Marches; Lord Marcher n. at lord n. and int. Compounds 2 may be a translation of Anglo-Norman seigneurs marchiers (plural; both occur in the Rolls of Parliament). Compare also marquis n.¹ and related words discussed s.v. Earlier use of the word as a surname is attested in:c1260 in H. E. Salter Cartulary Oseney Abbey (1929) II. 253 De dono Agnetis le Marcher.1326 Close Rolls Edward II 619 William Marcher. With sense 2 perhaps compare post-classical Latin marchio marchion n. The forms murcheour , -iour recorded in N.E.D. (1905) s.v. are probably errors, perhaps for the forms in quots. 1621¹ at sense 1, 1621² at sense 1, as these are not otherwise given in N.E.D.'s listing.

Now historical.

1. Originally gen.: †an inhabitant of a march or border district (obsolete). Now: spec. = marcher lord n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > border dweller

marchman?a1380

marcher1384

bounder1542

borderera1552

border-man1620

1384 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 350/1 Supplearis of thame of Roxburgh or Berwic or ony vthir of the merchearis of Inglande with hors..vittalis..or ony vthir gudis.

1425 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 171 Commissaries of oure said souverein lorde þe Kyng as wel as of youres, oþer þen marchiers, shuld assemble at certain dayes and places.

1470–2 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 308 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 Who that ever marchour, be he Irishe or Inglish..if sach marchours take ony chalaunge or action againste ony man duellyng within the saide citie.

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 21 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Others thinke of the Latine, palare, that is to forrage or out-run, because those marchers and borderers use commonly so to doe.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Tt4/2 Marchers, be the noble men dwelling on the Marches of Wales or Scotland: who in times past..had their priuate lawes, much like as if they had beene Kings.

1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 174 And euery Lord of a Countrey, and euery Marcher made warre and peace at his pleasure.

1621 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland Ep. Ded. sig. a4^v Many of those Stat...concerning Marchiors..are..repealed.

1621 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland 14 The said Marcheours..doe guide the said Irish enemies and their theeues into the English countrey.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 429 That Marchers should dwell upon their March lands.

1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 166 Sir Thomas Wharton and Sir W. Musgrave advancing against them with a body of marchers they fell into confusion.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. II. 269 The robber chief instantly rose and attacked the pale. The Marchers opened their lines to give his banditti free passage.

1964 Welsh Hist. Rev. 2 51 Henry's Marcher allies had recovered their lands.

†2. With (un)to. A king or lord whose territory adjoins that of another. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > owner > landowner > owner of contiguous property

marchera1450

abutter1673

a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 8000 (MED) There ys no lord that now ys heere, But he ys in lond a marchere To som of [the] lordys a-fore said.

a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 8003 Eche of hem..wold be wyll payde To haue hym a kyng to whom he ys marcheyre.

c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 6 Be enuy & warre of grete princes marchers vnto this Reaume.

3. A border territory or march. Now only in attributive use.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s)

end-landc1175

marcha1325

bounds1340

coast1377

marcherc1475

border1489

marchland1536

confines1548

front1589

limitrophe1589

commark1612

land-march1614

frontier1676

Border-sidea1700

borderland1813

border-countryc1885

rimland1942

c1475 (?c1451) Bk. Noblesse (Royal) (1860) 45 (MED) Humfrey duc of Gloucestre..brought in subjeccion..base Normandie, the castelle of Chierbourgh, the cite of Bayeux..withe alle othir forteressis and villages in that marcher.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 165 It is a frontier, and Marchier Towne of this Shyre.

1975 J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles vii. 178 The Scottish, Welsh and Irish drove roads along which cattle from the unenclosed highland zones were driven..from their native breeding grounds and pastures, via the great cattle markets of the marcher areas.

1991 A. J. Pollard Richard III & Princes in Tower 81 He was set on a new phase in his career in which, it seems, he hoped to establish himself as the hereditary ruler of a new marcher principality.

†4. Scottish. A person who determines the boundaries between properties; = liner n.² 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > determination of boundary > beating bounds > one who beats or determines

liner14..

bounder1570

bounderer1610

marcher1635

meresman1828

demarcator1898

bound-beater1909

1635 MSS Court & Council Bks. Royal Burgh Rutherglen II. 6 Oct. Lyneris & marcheris of landis.

1686 in Trans. Hawick Archaeol. Soc. (1938) 32 [They] wer solemly sworne and admitt marchers of the toune betwixt neighbour and neighbour annent the marching of ther yards and gavell.

Compounds

C1.

marcher baron n.

ΚΠ

1887 Dict. National Biogr. XI. 72/2 Representing the marcher barons.

C2.

marcher lord n. British History a lord who held lands in the marches over which he had exclusive jurisdiction (see Lord Marcher n. at lord n. and int. Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > lord of marches

Lord Marcher1449

marcher lord?1800

?1800 W. Sotheby Cambrian Hero ii. iii. 24 The trust that's given to every marcher lord.

1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 497 Marcher Lords.

1877 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People I. 305 Indignities which the Marcher-lords had offered to the body of the great Earl.

1990 Country Walking Jan. 11/1 Control was established through..castles built by the Marcher Lords.

marcher lordship n. British History = marchership n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > lord of marches > position of

marcher lordship1841

marchership1859

1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 498 This policy led to the erection of the Marcher Lordships.

1987 Listener 12 Nov. 22/3 Isabel of Striguil had inherited estates in Normandy, the marcher lordships of Striguil..and Leinster in Ireland.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

marchern.²

Brit.

/ˈmɑːtʃə/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrtʃər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: march v.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < march v.² + -er suffix¹.Sense 2 appears to render French marchette (1680, now obsolete) ‘nom que les oiseleurs donnent au petit bâton qui soutient un piége et sur lequel les oiseaux ne peuvent pas marcher sans détendre la machine et sans se trouver pris’ (Littré s.v.).

a. A person who marches or walks.figurative in quot. 1589.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > one going on foot

foota1225

footmana1382

walkerc1390

footera1425

ganger1424

trampler1580

foot folk1583

marcher1589

leg-stretcher1612

foot traveller1631

pedestrian1641

ambulator1652

foot walker1751

turnpiker1812

foot passenger1832

ped1863

voetganger1902

jaywalker1917

stepper1934

foot-slogger1956

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xii. 137 Mezozeugma or the Middle marcher.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xix. 270 Thirst, hunger,..take away a marchers knees.

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 23 What nettle thus, great marcher [L. Gradive], does inflame Thy nephews?

1809 Sir J. Moore 10 Jan. in Campaign in Spain 199 Soldiers who pretend to be bad marchers.

1864 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene i. xii. 341 The best marchers are men of middle size.

1990 M. Dewar Day in Life Brit. Army 133 The work went on until the last marcher had been patched up... Would they survive another three days of marching.

b. spec. A person who takes part in a protest or demonstration march. Frequently with premodifier.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator

protestator1468

protester1827

demonstrant1838

demonstrationist1838

demonstrator1838

protestor1854

marcher1908

refusenik1981

1908 Westm. Gaz. 16 July 10/3 He had no knowledge the ‘Hunger Marchers’ were coming there that day.

1939 C. Day Lewis Child of Misfortune iii. ii. 334 He had hoped, perhaps, for..a feeling of community with his fellow marchers.

1960 Guardian 28 Oct. 7/4 Many bright remarks about French politics, anti-bomb marchers..and the like.

1969 New Yorker 14 June 78/2 I'm not a marcher. I'm not a sign carrier.

1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah St. 109 They had an air of purposeful frailty, like Jarrow marchers.

†2. A part of a draw-net or trap used to catch birds. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Draw Net Fasten it, by putting some of the Ends of the Marcher H. against the Stick H.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	marcher
释义	marchern.¹ Brit. /ˈmɑːtʃə/, U.S. /ˈmɑrtʃər/ Forms: Middle English marchere, Middle English marcheyre, Middle English marchowr, Middle English merchear, Middle English 1600s marchour, Middle English–1500s marchier, Middle English– marcher, 1600s marcheour, 1600s marchior; Scottish pre-1700 marchar, pre-1700 marchear, pre-1700 marcher, pre-1700 merchear. Also with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: march n.³, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < march n.³ + -er suffix¹. In some uses (especially in sense 4) perhaps partly after march v.¹Compare Anglo-Norman marchier , marcher of the Marches; Lord Marcher n. at lord n. and int. Compounds 2 may be a translation of Anglo-Norman seigneurs marchiers (plural; both occur in the Rolls of Parliament). Compare also marquis n.¹ and related words discussed s.v. Earlier use of the word as a surname is attested in:c1260 in H. E. Salter Cartulary Oseney Abbey (1929) II. 253 De dono Agnetis le Marcher.1326 Close Rolls Edward II 619 William Marcher. With sense 2 perhaps compare post-classical Latin marchio marchion n. The forms murcheour , -iour recorded in N.E.D. (1905) s.v. are probably errors, perhaps for the forms in quots. 1621¹ at sense 1, 1621² at sense 1, as these are not otherwise given in N.E.D.'s listing. Now historical. 1. Originally gen.: †an inhabitant of a march or border district (obsolete). Now: spec. = marcher lord n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > border dweller marchman?a1380 marcher1384 bounder1542 borderera1552 border-man1620 1384 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 350/1 Supplearis of thame of Roxburgh or Berwic or ony vthir of the merchearis of Inglande with hors..vittalis..or ony vthir gudis. 1425 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 171 Commissaries of oure said souverein lorde þe Kyng as wel as of youres, oþer þen marchiers, shuld assemble at certain dayes and places. 1470–2 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 308 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 Who that ever marchour, be he Irishe or Inglish..if sach marchours take ony chalaunge or action againste ony man duellyng within the saide citie. a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 21 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Others thinke of the Latine, palare, that is to forrage or out-run, because those marchers and borderers use commonly so to doe. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Tt4/2 Marchers, be the noble men dwelling on the Marches of Wales or Scotland: who in times past..had their priuate lawes, much like as if they had beene Kings. 1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 174 And euery Lord of a Countrey, and euery Marcher made warre and peace at his pleasure. 1621 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland Ep. Ded. sig. a4^v Many of those Stat...concerning Marchiors..are..repealed. 1621 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland 14 The said Marcheours..doe guide the said Irish enemies and their theeues into the English countrey. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 429 That Marchers should dwell upon their March lands. 1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 166 Sir Thomas Wharton and Sir W. Musgrave advancing against them with a body of marchers they fell into confusion. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. II. 269 The robber chief instantly rose and attacked the pale. The Marchers opened their lines to give his banditti free passage. 1964 Welsh Hist. Rev. 2 51 Henry's Marcher allies had recovered their lands. †2. With (un)to. A king or lord whose territory adjoins that of another. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > owner > landowner > owner of contiguous property marchera1450 abutter1673 a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 8000 (MED) There ys no lord that now ys heere, But he ys in lond a marchere To som of [the] lordys a-fore said. a1450 Partonope of Blois (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1912) 8003 Eche of hem..wold be wyll payde To haue hym a kyng to whom he ys marcheyre. c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 6 Be enuy & warre of grete princes marchers vnto this Reaume. 3. A border territory or march. Now only in attributive use. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s) end-landc1175 marcha1325 bounds1340 coast1377 marcherc1475 border1489 marchland1536 confines1548 front1589 limitrophe1589 commark1612 land-march1614 frontier1676 Border-sidea1700 borderland1813 border-countryc1885 rimland1942 c1475 (?c1451) Bk. Noblesse (Royal) (1860) 45 (MED) Humfrey duc of Gloucestre..brought in subjeccion..base Normandie, the castelle of Chierbourgh, the cite of Bayeux..withe alle othir forteressis and villages in that marcher. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 165 It is a frontier, and Marchier Towne of this Shyre. 1975 J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles vii. 178 The Scottish, Welsh and Irish drove roads along which cattle from the unenclosed highland zones were driven..from their native breeding grounds and pastures, via the great cattle markets of the marcher areas. 1991 A. J. Pollard Richard III & Princes in Tower 81 He was set on a new phase in his career in which, it seems, he hoped to establish himself as the hereditary ruler of a new marcher principality. †4. Scottish. A person who determines the boundaries between properties; = liner n.² 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > determination of boundary > beating bounds > one who beats or determines liner14.. bounder1570 bounderer1610 marcher1635 meresman1828 demarcator1898 bound-beater1909 1635 MSS Court & Council Bks. Royal Burgh Rutherglen II. 6 Oct. Lyneris & marcheris of landis. 1686 in Trans. Hawick Archaeol. Soc. (1938) 32 [They] wer solemly sworne and admitt marchers of the toune betwixt neighbour and neighbour annent the marching of ther yards and gavell. Compounds C1. marcher baron n. ΚΠ 1887 Dict. National Biogr. XI. 72/2 Representing the marcher barons. C2. marcher lord n. British History a lord who held lands in the marches over which he had exclusive jurisdiction (see Lord Marcher n. at lord n. and int. Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > lord of marches Lord Marcher1449 marcher lord?1800 ?1800 W. Sotheby Cambrian Hero ii. iii. 24 The trust that's given to every marcher lord. 1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 497 Marcher Lords. 1877 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People I. 305 Indignities which the Marcher-lords had offered to the body of the great Earl. 1990 Country Walking Jan. 11/1 Control was established through..castles built by the Marcher Lords. marcher lordship n. British History = marchership n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > lord of marches > position of marcher lordship1841 marchership1859 1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 498 This policy led to the erection of the Marcher Lordships. 1987 Listener 12 Nov. 22/3 Isabel of Striguil had inherited estates in Normandy, the marcher lordships of Striguil..and Leinster in Ireland. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). marchern.² Brit. /ˈmɑːtʃə/, U.S. /ˈmɑrtʃər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: march v.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < march v.² + -er suffix¹.Sense 2 appears to render French marchette (1680, now obsolete) ‘nom que les oiseleurs donnent au petit bâton qui soutient un piége et sur lequel les oiseaux ne peuvent pas marcher sans détendre la machine et sans se trouver pris’ (Littré s.v.). 1. a. A person who marches or walks.figurative in quot. 1589. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > one going on foot foota1225 footmana1382 walkerc1390 footera1425 ganger1424 trampler1580 foot folk1583 marcher1589 leg-stretcher1612 foot traveller1631 pedestrian1641 ambulator1652 foot walker1751 turnpiker1812 foot passenger1832 ped1863 voetganger1902 jaywalker1917 stepper1934 foot-slogger1956 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xii. 137 Mezozeugma or the Middle marcher. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xix. 270 Thirst, hunger,..take away a marchers knees. a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 23 What nettle thus, great marcher [L. Gradive], does inflame Thy nephews? 1809 Sir J. Moore 10 Jan. in Campaign in Spain 199 Soldiers who pretend to be bad marchers. 1864 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene i. xii. 341 The best marchers are men of middle size. 1990 M. Dewar Day in Life Brit. Army 133 The work went on until the last marcher had been patched up... Would they survive another three days of marching. b. spec. A person who takes part in a protest or demonstration march. Frequently with premodifier. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator protestator1468 protester1827 demonstrant1838 demonstrationist1838 demonstrator1838 protestor1854 marcher1908 refusenik1981 1908 Westm. Gaz. 16 July 10/3 He had no knowledge the ‘Hunger Marchers’ were coming there that day. 1939 C. Day Lewis Child of Misfortune iii. ii. 334 He had hoped, perhaps, for..a feeling of community with his fellow marchers. 1960 Guardian 28 Oct. 7/4 Many bright remarks about French politics, anti-bomb marchers..and the like. 1969 New Yorker 14 June 78/2 I'm not a marcher. I'm not a sign carrier. 1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah St. 109 They had an air of purposeful frailty, like Jarrow marchers. †2. A part of a draw-net or trap used to catch birds. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Draw Net Fasten it, by putting some of the Ends of the Marcher H. against the Stick H. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1384n.²1589
随便看	rainful raingauge raingem raingiver raingoddess raingorged rainheavy rainier rainiest rainily raininess raininesses raining raining out rainish rainladen rainlaid rainland rainlashed rainless rainlessness rainlight rainlogged rainloud rainmaker

marchern.1

Compounds

marchern.2

marchern.¹

marchern.²