Manchestern.

Brit.

/ˈmantʃᵻstə/,

/ˈmantʃɛstə/, U.S.

/ˈmæntʃəstər/

Forms: 1500s– Manchester, 1500s Manchister, 1600s Manchestor; also (esp. in senses 5 and 6) with lower-case initial.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Manchester.

Etymology: < Manchester, the name of a city and district in the area of Greater Manchester in north-western England (formerly in Lancashire), the centre of the cotton industry in the 19th cent. With senses 1 and 5 compare German Manchester (noun) denoting corduroy and similar textiles (late 19th cent. or earlier).The name of the city is first recorded in the 10th cent. as Mameceaster . It apparently reflects the name in post-classical Latin of the Roman fort formerly on this site, Mamucium (itself probably reflecting a British place name: see Mancunian n.), with the explanatory addition of Old English ceaster city, walled town, fortification (see chester n.¹), which was typically used in the Old English names of former Roman towns and camps. For place names formed on a similar pattern compare e.g. Winchester , Hampshire (8th cent. as Uintancæstir , reflecting the post-classical Latin name of the settlement, Venta : see Winchester n.), Wroxeter, Shropshire (1086 as Rochecestre, reflecting the post-classical Latin name Uricon), etc.

I. Compounds.

a. attributive. Designating or relating to various cotton goods formerly produced in Manchester, as Manchester cotton, etc. Now rare.

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1552 Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI c. 6 §1 All and everie Cottonnes called Manchester Lancashire and Chesshire Cottonnes... And..all Clothes called Manchester Rugges otherwise named Frices.

1580 R. Hitchcock Pollitique Platt sig. Fij At Rone in Fraunce..be solde our Englishe wares, as Welche and Manchester Cottons [etc.].

1654 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 128 One peece of Manchester Inckle 20d.

1736 S.-Carolina Gaz. 7 Aug. 3/1 Just imported in the Anna Maria, and to be sold by John Beswicke in Broad street, viz. Silver and Gold Buttons..white and colour'd Manchester Tapes.

1759 Newport (Rhode Island) Mercury 22 May 4/1 Superfine Manchester Velvet of different Colours, Cotton and Linen Handkerchiefs, 3–4 and 7–8 Checks, Dimity, London Quality.

1779 G. W. Beekman Let. 26 July in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1331 I Shall Send you 2 1/2 Manchester Valet Olive Coller and 4 Quires Paper if to be had.

1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 41 A strong Manchester tape, called web.

1795 J. Aikin Descr. Country round Manch. 183 When the Manchester trade began to extend.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. i. 16 Manchester cottons and shawls.

1899 Daily News 9 Jan. 2/4 Unlawfully applying a certain false trade description to ‘Manchester linen’.

1949 C. Bullock Rina 70 Most of the stuff I had to present was cheap kaffir truck—Manchester blankets, lembo and suchlike.

b. Manchester goods n. cotton goods of the kind manufactured in Manchester. Similarly Manchester wares (now historical).

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society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun]

warec1000

cheapingc1200

chaffer1297

gooda1300

merchandisec1300

harnessc1386

pennyworths1403

haberdashery1419

merchandya1425

mercimonyc1460

merchantyc1485

merchandrise?1495

haberdasha1529

traffic1533

chaffery1535

trade1645

Manchester goods1705

stuff1708

sundries1740

business model1832

Manchester1920

tradables1921

durable1930

1705 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 27 Jan. 112 526 Linnen and Woollen Cloth's and other Goods called Manchester Wares.

1711 Boston News-let. 15 Oct. 2/2 (advt.) These are to give Notice. That the following Merchandize, lately come from England are to be Sold on reasonable Terms..viz. Broad-Cloths,..Checks, Plush, Manchester Goods, Pins, Cutlery Ware, Habberdashery [etc.].

1787 Despatches from Paris I. 224 No less than twenty-five thousand workmen are depriv'd of employment by the great importation of Manchester Goods.

1843 Illustr. London News 30 Sept. 215 In all probability the thieves gained entrance whilst some Manchester goods were being taken in the previous day, and secreted themselves in some part of the premises seldom visited.

1860 ‘F. G. Trafford’ Too much Alone II. ii. 42 Rag merchant..does not refer to a marine-store dealer, but simply to a dealer in Manchester goods, who is frequently thus designated in the city.

1922 S. Weyman Ovington's Bank xvi. 177 Huge wains laden with Manchester goods and driven by teamsters.

1984 N.Y. Times 26 Aug. vii. 8/1 England, having done well enough in literature and having conquered a large part of the earth with Birmingham guns in order to make it accept Manchester goods, needed a great composer.

†c. Manchester-man n. Obsolete a dealer in cotton goods of the kind manufactured in Manchester.

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society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in textiles, clothing, or yarns

mercerc1230

clothier1362

draper1362

woolman1390

yarn-chopper1429

line-draper1436

Welsh drapera1525

telerc1540

purple-seller1547

linen-draper1549

staplera1552

silkman1553

woollen-draper1554

wool-driver1555

woolster1577

linener1616

woolner1619

linen-man1631

ragman1649

rag merchant1665

slop-seller1665

bodice-seller1672

piece-broker1697

wool-stapler1709

cloth-man1723

Manchester-man1755

fleece-merchanta1774

rag dealer1777

man's mercer1789

keelman1821

man-mercer1837

cotton-broker1849

slopper1854

shoddyite1865

costumier1886

cotton-man1906

1755 T. Turner Diary 2 Oct. (1984) (modernized text) 15 My brother Moses came and called me to go to Lewes to meet the Manchesterman.

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 377/2 The packmen are sometimes called Manchester-men. These are the men whom I have described as the sellers of shirtings, sheetings, &c.

d. Manchester warehouse n. a warehouse in which cotton goods are stocked and sold. Similarly Manchester warehouseman.

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society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shops selling clothes, cloth, or accessories

glovery1483

small storesa1643

woollen-drapery1688

slop-shop1723

mercery1773

Manchester warehouse1788

shoe-store1789

haberdashery1813

shoe-shop1824

clothing store1829

mourning house1849

mourning warehousec1860

bootery1920

1788 Morning Herald 21 Feb. 4/3 Manchester Warehousemen, Woollen-drapers, Linen-drapers, Mercers, &c. Cash to any amount ready for the purchase of Goods in the above branches..at No. 2, Earl's Court, Cranbourn-alley, Leicester-fields.

1854 Census Great Brit. 1851: Population Tables Occupations p. cxxiv/2 Manchester warehouseman.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Manchester and Glasgow Warehouse, a sale depository for all kinds of cotton goods.

1932 Punch 23 Nov. 561/1 He spent years trying to sell calico to grey-faced loons in Manchester warehouses.

1988 D. Vernon Tiller's Girls (BNC) 11 While Mary relegated him to ‘Manchester Warehouseman’, John preferred the more optimistic ‘Cotton Manufacturer’!

e. Chiefly Australian, New Zealand, and South African Manchester department n. a department (in a shop) where household linen and other cotton goods are sold.

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society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shops selling other specific goods

jeweller's shop1632

ironmongery1648

ironmonger1673

jeweller1675

news shop1688

print shop1689

Indian house1692

coal shed1718

pamphlet shop1721

lormery1725

drugstore1771

hardware store1777

junk store1777

chandler-shop1782

junk shop1790

music store1794

pot shop1794

finding store1822

marine store1837

picture house1838

paint shop1847

news agency1852

chemist1856

Army and Navy1878

cyclery1886

jumble-shop1893

pig shop1896

Manchester department1905

lot1909

craft shop1911

garden centre1912

pet shop1927

sex shop1949

video store1949

quincaillerie1951

home centre1955

Army-Navy1965

cookshop1967

sound shop1972

bucket-shop1973

1905 Evening Post (Wellington, N.Z.) 5 Jan. 7 (heading) Manchester Department White, pure linen Table Damask. Ready made Table Cloths..Unbleached Twill Sheeting.

1907 Anthony Hordern Catal. 1 Manchester Department. So called from the majority of the goods included within its scope being of what is popularly known as Manchester manufacture.

1924 Anthony Hordern Catal. 60 Household Linen Department. Also known as the Manchester Department, where will be found every description of household and family linen.

1983 Bulletin (Sydney) 29 Nov. 90/2 Only Australian shoppers buy their sheets and pillow cases from a manchester department.

a. Manchester school n. now historical a group of liberal politicians and their followers led by Richard Cobden and John Bright, influential c1840–60, which met (originally in Manchester) to advocate free trade and the reduction of state intervention in commerce and industry.

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society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > [noun] > specific principles or policies > supporters of

reformist1641

reformer1648

engager1650

All the Virtues1816

Manchester school1846

fair trader1881

Manchestrist1882

Little Englander1889

Manchesterian1897

tariff-reformer1903

Little Englander Liberal1909

Poplarist1925

marketeer1962

Eurosceptic1978

1846 B. Disraeli in Hansard Commons 20 Feb. 1330 Remember these are prospects held out by the Minister, not by Gentlemen of the Manchester School, who believe that they may fight hostile tariffs with free imports.

1848 B. Disraeli Speech in Comm. 10 Mar. in Hansard 417 The great leaders of the school of Manchester..laid down this principle, that you were to buy in the cheapest and sell in the dearest market.]

1849 B. Disraeli Speech 6 July in Hansard 1495 I say the Manchester school. I have a right to use that phrase, for I gave them that name. I gave it them with all respect.

1882 Cent. Mag. May 151/1 It is, perhaps, yet too early to attempt to estimate the position which the doctrines of the ‘Manchester school’ will take in history.

1965 B. Pearce tr. E. Preobrazhensky New Econ. 126 The Manchester school theories of the bourgeoisie were not only a product of defense against absolutism and its interference in the economic process to the harm of the third estate, but also a product of capitalism's awareness of its purely economic superiority to pre-capitalist forms.

1994 D. Townson New Penguin Dict. Mod. Hist. 165/1 A member of the Manchester School [Cobden] believed in laissez-faire and thought that the state should interfere as little as possible in the workings of commerce and industry.

b. attributive. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Manchester school or its free-trade principles, as Manchester policy, etc.

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society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > [noun] > specific principles or policies

thorough1849

Manchester policy1851

tariff-reform1859

Manchesterdom1882

Manchesterism1883

Little Englandism1887

Manchesterianism1897

Poplarism1922

Euroscepticism1988

1851 J. Bright in G. B. Smith Life J. Bright (1881) I. 345 [In an address to his constituents.] Now, we are called the ‘Manchester Party’, and our policy is the ‘Manchester policy’, and this building I suppose is the schoolroom of the ‘Manchester School’. I do not repudiate that name at all. I think it is an honour [etc.].

1881 J. Morley Life R. Cobden I. vi. 151 When we look back upon the affairs of that time [sc. 1854], we see that there were two policies open. Lord Palmerston's was one, the Manchester policy was the other.

1882 J. Rae in Contemp. Rev. Jan. 101 They repudiate the Manchester idolatry of self-interest.

1902 B. Kidd Princ. Western Civilization xi. 405 The inherent tendency of all economic evils to cure themselves if simply left alone—the characteristic doctrine of the Manchester school of thought in England.

2001 F. M. L. Thompson Gentrification & Enterprise Culture iv. 83 Manchester ideas were fine for commercial policy..but in other spheres they failed to impress.

c. attributive. Music. Of or relating to a group of composers, including Harrison Birtwistle (b. 1934), Alexander Goehr (b. 1932), and Peter Maxwell Davies (b. 1934), who studied together at the Royal Manchester College of Music in the 1950s and were noted for their interest in avant-garde European music. Chiefly in Manchester school.

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society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > composer > [noun] > groups of composers

the three B's1909

Les Six1927

Manchester school1974

1956 Musical Times Mar. 149/3 The I.C.A. was responsible for bringing to London a group of active and talented Manchester musicians—the New Music Manchester Group—and presenting them at the Arts Council on 9 Jan.

1974 Country Life 4 Apr. 790/1 Composers go their own way, as in the case of the so-called ‘Manchester School’ which includes Goehr, Maxwell Davies and Birtwistle.

1983 New Oxf. Compan. Music I. 221 [Birtwistle's] early works..show the intricate serial textures and the Medievalisms characteristic of the ‘Manchester School’.

1992 Independent (Nexis) 1 May 14 He..could assume a natural authority on any subject, from serialism in the Manchester school of composers in the 1950s, to the constitution of the Labour Party.

3. In the names of various colours used in dyeing textiles (cf. sense 1), as Manchester black, Manchester brown, Manchester yellow.

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the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > blackening agent > [noun] > dye

sumac?a1350

sumac black1580

wood-soot1667

Manchester black1862

azurine1878

chestnut-extract1881

nigrosine1881

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs

weldc1374

turmeric1545

yellow berry1652

fust1682

Avignon berry1728

eel-pout1736

yellowroot1755

quercitron1785

brass-colour1797

fustet1821

tesu1823

morin1833

datiscin1835

maize1838

picric acid1838

xanthin1838

moric acid1839

purree1844

nitrophenisic acid1845

rubiacin1848

flavin1853

orellin1857

fustic1858

maize colour1859

fusteric1860

Manchester yellow1862

chrysaniline1864

ilixanthin1865

flavaniline1882

sun-yellow1884

butter yellow1887

African turmeric1888

Indian turmeric1890

weld yellow1899

1862 C. O'Neill Dict. Calico Printing 24 What was called Manchester black, was obtained by first steeping in galls or sumac, then [etc.].

1870 J. W. Sclater Man. Colours 113 Manchester Yellow (Jaune d'Or, Naphthylamine Yellow), the most splendid yellow colouring matter known, prepared from napthalin.

a1873 F. C. Calvert Dyeing (1876) 472 ‘Manchester yellow’ or ‘Martius' yellow’,..gives a very pure gold colour on silk and wool.

1885 J. J. Hummel Dyeing Textile Fabrics xix. 413 Phenylene Brown..also bears the commercial names: Bismarck Brown, Vesuvine, Cannelle, Manchester Brown.

1957 Encycl. Brit. II. 828/2 Bismarck brown (Manchester brown), prepared by the action of nitrous acid on m-phenylene diamine, contains triaminoazobenzene.

4. Manchester terrier n. a breed of small, short-coated, black and tan terrier, once particularly popular in the Manchester area; a dog of this breed. Cf. black and tan n.

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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > other types of

Irish terrier1798

Dandie Dinmont1851

Welsh terrier1857

Bedlington1867

Jack Russell1878

Airedale1880

Clydesdale1887

Border terrier1894

Manchester terrier1894

Sealyham1894

schnauzer1899

pinscher1906

Cairn terrier1910

Kerry blue terrier1922

Lakeland terrier1928

wheaten1943

Sydney silky1945

Manchester1971

Norfolk1971

wire1975

1894 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Mod. Dogs: Terriers iv. 75 The Kennel Club acknowledged it as the ‘Manchester’ terrier, as well as by its own name of the black and tan.

1943 ‘C. Dickson’ She died a Lady v. 37 A so-called Manchester terrier sprang on the front of the chair.

1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 461 The only acceptable color for a Manchester Terrier is black-and-tan.

1993 Dog World Oct. 110/2 Also competing were Pat Dresser's Toy Manchester Terrier, Ch. Dress Circle Power Play; Sheryl Rutledge's Tibetan Terrier, [etc.].

II. Simple uses.

†a. A type of cotton fabric; (also) a piece of this; a garment made of this. Obsolete.

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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > cotton > [noun] > other

bustian1424

cotton tissed1585

Manchester1589

cannequin1598

madapollam1685

burdet1710

antherine1739

canque1750

jaconet1769

medium1777

bump1794

American sheeting1840

American cloth1851

American leather1858

gala1858

Merikani1860

T cloth1865

dhurrie1880

Americani1881

Tarantulle1890

Aertex1896

Tobralco1910

limbric1930

Ventile1954

1589 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 128 iij doss of Manchisters at xxd. [a dozen].

1658 in G. F. Dow Probate Rec. Essex County, Mass. (1916) I. 279 In Rebeen & manchestor, 3s.

1777 F. Burney Jrnl. 7 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 169 Betsy..had a very showy striped pink & white Manchester.

1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire III. 509 Cotton-manufactories..make..coarse muslin, manchester,..&c.

b. South African and Australian. Frequently in form manchester. Household cotton goods; linens. Also: the department in a shop which sells such goods.

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society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun]

warec1000

cheapingc1200

chaffer1297

gooda1300

merchandisec1300

harnessc1386

pennyworths1403

haberdashery1419

merchandya1425

mercimonyc1460

merchantyc1485

merchandrise?1495

haberdasha1529

traffic1533

chaffery1535

trade1645

Manchester goods1705

stuff1708

sundries1740

business model1832

Manchester1920

tradables1921

durable1930

1920 Dunell, Ebden & Co. (Port Elizabeth) Price List May–June (cover) Telephone Numbers: Counting House 850... Native Truck-Manchester 393... Feathers 549.

1964 Retail Merchandiser Mar. 29 Merchandise will include manchester and soft furnishings.

1977 E. Mackie Oh to be Aussie 42 When he's finished spending, ‘Mum’ carries on buying Manchester at the January sales.

1983 Bulletin (Sydney) 29 Nov. 90/2 She had just concluded a transaction and was asked if she would take her purchase with her. ‘No,’ she said, ‘just hold it. I have to go to manchester but I'll be back in a while.’

†6. slang. [Probably < the similarity of the tongue to a strip of cloth: compare red rag n. 1.] The tongue. Obsolete.

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the world > life > the body > speech organs > types of speech organ > [noun] > tongue

tonguec890

clap?c1225

clacka1592

red rag1605

clicket1611

clappera1627

filma1656

velvet1699

Manchester1819

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 188 Manchester, The tongue.

1820 London Mag. 1 26/1 If, instead of bidding her hold her manchester, he had attended to her advice.

1823 P. Egan Grose's Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (rev. ed.) Manchester, The tongue. Cant.

7. Short for Manchester terrier n. at sense 4.

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