mate-griffonn.

Brit.

/ˈmeɪtˌɡrɪfn/, U.S.

/ˈmeɪtˌɡrɪf(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English mat-de-griffoun, Middle English mate griffoun, Middle English mategrifon, Middle English mate gryffon, Middle English mate gryffoun, Middle English mat-grifone, Middle English maude griffoun, Middle English mau de gryffoun, Middle English (1700s– (historical)) mate-griffon.

Origin: A borrowing from Occitan. Etymon: Occitan Mategrifun.

Etymology: < Old Occitan Mategrifun (a name reputedly invented by Richard I of England (whose cultural background was Occitan) for a siege engine used at Messina in 1190: see quot. c1200) < matar mate v.¹ + Grifun , variant of Grifon Griffon n.¹In Middle English forms also showing influence of folk etymology from Old French, Middle French mal , mau mal n. and de de prep.

Now historical.

A type of siege-tower, probably of larger than normal size, used by Richard I.Descriptions of a projectile-throwing device by later writers seem to be based on a misunderstanding of the nature of the machine.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower

belfryc1300

mate-griffonc1330

summercastle1382

bastillec1400

towerc1440

summertowera1450

bestial1488

bastide1523

turret1565

timber-tower1614

helepole1770

cat-castle1861

c1200 in R. Howlett Chron. Reigns Stephen, Henry II., & Richard I (1886) III. 402 Rex Angliæ..fecit castellum ligneum..juxta muros Messanæ, quod, ad opprobrium Grifonum, ‘Mategrifun’ nominavit.]

c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) 104 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 116 Ich haue a castel..Of timber made of Ingland, Wiþ sex stages ful of turels... It schal be hoten þe mate griffoun.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 157 He [sc. Richard I] cald it mate Griffoun.

a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 2898 Þere leet he pyȝte hys pauyloun And arerede hys Mate-Gryffoun [v.rr. Mat-Grifone, Mau de Gryffoun].

1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. 303 The robinet and mate-griffon threw both darts and stones.

1860 Chambers's Encycl. I. 640/1 The mate-griffon and mate-funda, both slinging-machines.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mate-griffon
释义	mate-griffonn. Brit. /ˈmeɪtˌɡrɪfn/, U.S. /ˈmeɪtˌɡrɪf(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English mat-de-griffoun, Middle English mate griffoun, Middle English mategrifon, Middle English mate gryffon, Middle English mate gryffoun, Middle English mat-grifone, Middle English maude griffoun, Middle English mau de gryffoun, Middle English (1700s– (historical)) mate-griffon. Origin: A borrowing from Occitan. Etymon: Occitan Mategrifun. Etymology: < Old Occitan Mategrifun (a name reputedly invented by Richard I of England (whose cultural background was Occitan) for a siege engine used at Messina in 1190: see quot. c1200) < matar mate v.¹ + Grifun , variant of Grifon Griffon n.¹In Middle English forms also showing influence of folk etymology from Old French, Middle French mal , mau mal n. and de de prep. Now historical. A type of siege-tower, probably of larger than normal size, used by Richard I.Descriptions of a projectile-throwing device by later writers seem to be based on a misunderstanding of the nature of the machine. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower belfryc1300 mate-griffonc1330 summercastle1382 bastillec1400 towerc1440 summertowera1450 bestial1488 bastide1523 turret1565 timber-tower1614 helepole1770 cat-castle1861 c1200 in R. Howlett Chron. Reigns Stephen, Henry II., & Richard I (1886) III. 402 Rex Angliæ..fecit castellum ligneum..juxta muros Messanæ, quod, ad opprobrium Grifonum, ‘Mategrifun’ nominavit.] c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) 104 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 116 Ich haue a castel..Of timber made of Ingland, Wiþ sex stages ful of turels... It schal be hoten þe mate griffoun. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 157 He [sc. Richard I] cald it mate Griffoun. a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 2898 Þere leet he pyȝte hys pauyloun And arerede hys Mate-Gryffoun [v.rr. Mat-Grifone, Mau de Gryffoun]. 1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. 303 The robinet and mate-griffon threw both darts and stones. 1860 Chambers's Encycl. I. 640/1 The mate-griffon and mate-funda, both slinging-machines. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1330
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