matrimonyn.

Brit.

/ˈmatrᵻməni/, U.S.

/ˈmætrəˌmoʊni/

Forms: Middle English matermone, Middle English matermoyn, Middle English matermoyne, Middle English matirmonye, Middle English matirmoyne, Middle English matremoyne, Middle English matrimoigne, Middle English matrimoin, Middle English matrimoine, Middle English matrimon, Middle English matrimone, Middle English matrimoun, Middle English matrimoyn, Middle English matrimoyne, Middle English matrymoigne, Middle English matrymoyne, Middle English–1500s matremony, Middle English–1500s matrimonye, Middle English–1500s matrymonie, Middle English–1500s matrymony, Middle English–1500s matrymonye, Middle English–1600s matrimonie, Middle English– matrimony, 1500s matromoney; Scottish pre-1700 matermone, pre-1700 matermoney, pre-1700 matermony, pre-1700 matermonye, pre-1700 materymonye, pre-1700 matremony, pre-1700 matrimone, pre-1700 matrimoney, pre-1700 matrimonȝe, pre-1700 matrimonie, pre-1700 matrimonye, pre-1700 matromonȝe, pre-1700 matromony, pre-1700 matrymony, pre-1700 matrymoyne, pre-1700 1700s– matrimony.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French matermoine, matremoine.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman matermoine, matremoine, matrimoigne, matrimone, matrimonie and Middle French matremoine, matrimoigne (14th cent.; c1155 in Old French in sense ‘property inherited from one's mother’: compare 1a) < classical Latin mātrimōnium state of being married < mātri- , māter mother (see matri- comb. form) + -mōnium -mony comb. form. Compare Old Occitan matrimoni (1198), Italian matrimonio (a1294), Spanish matrimonio (1335), Portuguese matrimōnio (14th cent.).

I. Senses relating to the joining of two people in marriage.

a. The rite or sacrament of marriage; the action of marrying.Occasionally personified.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > [noun]

eeOE

weddingc1000

wivingOE

contractc1315

marriagec1325

matrimony1357

unionc1475

maritagec1478

briding1566

espousal1566

match1574

intermarriage1579

despousing1609

espousement1623

nuptial1630

coupling1641

splice1830

intermarrying1843

contraction1885

yokemating1891

J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 48 (MED) The sext commandement forbedes..any fleshly knawyng..othir than the sacrement of matermoyne escuse.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. x. 202 (MED) Seþþen lawe haþ I-loket þat vche mon haue a make, In Mariage and Matrimoyne I-Medlet to-gedere.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 11156 (MED) The syxte sacrament ys matrymony, Þere hyt ys do ryȝtwusly.

c1434 J. Drury Eng. Writings in Speculum (1934) 9 78 (MED) The sacrament of matrimonye excludyd dedly synne in þe werk of generacion be-twyx man & woman.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 26 Our lord ihesu crist..drowe matrimony with vs, þat is to say, whan þat he tooke our kynde.

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 45 Sen man ferst with matrimony ȝow menskit in kirk, How haif ȝe farne? Be ȝour faith.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 232 Matremony, that nobill king, Was grevit.

1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Ivj The fayth and promise made in matrimony.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlvii. 383 Teaching that Matrimony is a Sacrament, giveth to the Clergy the Judging of the lawfulnesse of Marriages.

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 78 in Justice Vindicated Matrimony is the act of two free persons..mutually taking one another for husband and wife.

1754 Connoisseur (1755) No. 44. 261 I could not help wishing on this occasion that some middle term was invented between Miss and Mrs. to be adopted, at a certain age, by all females not inclined to matrimony.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. xvi. 444 All children born before matrimony are bastards by our law.

1822 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 19 Jan. 2/4 The fickle bridegroom changed his mind, and refused to marry..and the next morning swore the peace against those guests who had attempted to thump him into matrimony.

1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 65 The tie of blood is, to him, in every respect, stronger than that of matrimony.

1902 T. M. Lindsay Church & Ministry in Early Cent. v. 198 In such a solemn action as matrimony the blessing of the Church should be joined to the Civil contract.

1952 R. A. Knox Hidden Stream xx. 188 There is one sacrament of which no priest and no bishop in the Western rite..can be the minister; the sacrament of matrimony.

1987 S. Bellow More die of Heartbreak 115 Uncle Benn might be thought a candidate for matrimony by this glittering, nervous..woman.

†b. A marriage; an act of getting married. Also: a union or alliance formed by marriage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [noun]

wedlock1377

matrimonya1402

marriagea1500

matrimoniala1500

a1402 J. Trevisa tr. Dialogus Militem et Clericum (Harl.) 15 (MED) Ich go..forto axe heritage in my wyues name..hit longeþ to me to axe þat heritage, for hit is y-knytt to þe matrimonye.

a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 348 (MED) Þei maken many divorsis and many matrimonies unleveful.

1535 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 404 The saide Bisshop of Rome..ought to approbate and confyrme this present matrymonie.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 9223 A mariage & matremony hole.

a1544 H. Latimer Let. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1332/1 I haue hadde more businesse in my lytle cure, synce I spake with you, what with sicke folkes, & what with matrimonies, then I haue hadde since I came to it.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 253 That which they doe..is no other thing, then to dissolue a matrimonie, and to open a doore to the Deuill.

1660 R. Coke Justice Vindicated 2 If he were just, because he did adorn his Sisters with highest matrimonies [etc.].

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews xx. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 643 He forsook at once this matrimony.

1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans III. 209 Pray what do you think of the matrimony of Nightley, with whom we dined to-day?

1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 545/2 He..had become rather alarmed at the length to which the affair had got, and, doubtful whether he had any true vocation at this time to a Scotch matrimony.

†c. The marriage service. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > marriage service

order of wedlockc1395

matrimonya1625

marriage service1698

nuptialities1863

a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) v. v. sig. L3 There you shall finde a night Priest, Little sir Hugh, and he can say the Matrimony Over without booke, for we must have no company.

1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Sigismonda & Guiscardo in Fables 129 The holy Man..Made haste to sanctify the Bliss by Law; And mutter'd fast the Matrimony o'er.

1724 M. Davys Reform'd Coquet 86 I doubt not but your Chaplain has the Matrimony by—heart; if not, pray let him con his lesson before he comes.

†d. A manner of marrying; the ceremony of marriage. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying

matrimony1718

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. May (1965) I. 411 What is most extrordinary in their Customs is their Matrimony.

a. The state or condition of being married; the relation between married persons.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > [noun]

bridelockOE

yokeOE

spousehooda1200

spousea1225

wedlock?c1225

wedlockhoodc1230

marriagec1300

spousal1340

matrimonya1382

espousala1393

muliera1400

spousagea1400

spouseheadc1400

weddedhooda1450

wedhooda1450

wedding1489

espousage1549

the bond(s of wedlock or matrimony1552

nuptial1566

bed-match1582

bob-tail1585

Hymen's banda1593

Hymen1608

married life1609

conjugality1645

marriage state1652

conjugacy1659

marriage life1662

establishment1684

shackledom1771

connubiality1836

connubialism1848

weddedness1891

bedlock1922

the tender trap1954

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Ruth i. 12 I am wastid bi eelde, ne able to þe bond of matrymoyne.

a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Serm. on Gospels (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Matrimoin(e Ef Crist paied no ware Of matirmoyne, hafed he noht thar [sc. til Cana Galile] Cumen.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. 219 Matrimoigne with-oute moillerye is nouȝt moche to preyse.

c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 12 In assys, or cause of matremoyne.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 391 Hercules gate a son..not geten in trewe matrimony.

1529 T. More Supplyc. Soulys i. f. xviii Then shall matrymony by myche better kepte.

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 2 The mis-interpreting of some Scripture..hath chang'd the blessing of matrimony not seldome into a familiar and co-inhabiting mischiefe.

1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. iii. 99 The very Laws of Matrimony forbid it.

1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals i. i I wish they were once harnessed together in matrimony.

1828 D. Le Marchant Rep. Claims to Barony of Gardner p. xi Evidence..for illegitimating children, born during the matrimony of their maternal parent.

1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Devereux I. i. i. 4 Nothing in his estimation was less becoming to a wise man than matrimony.

1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 6 Even if we take matrimony at its lowest, even if we regard it as no more than a sort of friendship recognised by the police [etc.].

1914 W. L. George Dramat. Actualities 39 The difficulties of matrimony, triangular or other, financial or monetary entanglements.

1987 R. P. Jhabvala Three Continents i. 71 They walked up and down there arm in arm—..an embodiment of traditional matrimony.

†b. to make matrimony: to get married; to marry. to take to matrimony: to take as a wife. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (intransitive)]

weda1225

marrya1325

spousec1390

to make matrimonyc1400

intermarry1528

contract1530

to give (also conjoin, join, take) in (also to, into) marriage1535

to make a match1547

yoke1567

match1569

mate1589

to go to church (with a person)1600

to put one's neck in a noosec1600

paira1616

to join giblets1647

buckle1693

espouse1693

to change (alter) one's condition1712

to tie the knot1718

to marry out1727

to wedlock it1737

solemnize1748

forgather1768

unite1769

connubiate1814

conjugalize1823

connubialize1870

splice1874

to get hitched up1890

to hook up1903

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > a woman

weda1000

brideOE

spousec1300

wed to warisonc1330

to take to matrimonyc1400

wivec1425

to make (a woman) an honest woman1562

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 236 If þei..matrimoigne for monye maken & vnmaken..Þei vndon it vnworthily.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 9 (MED) Takenge the doȝhter of Darius to matrimony.

?a1500 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Ld. Montagu of Beaulieu (1900) 1 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 283) XLV. 685 Perilous daies..in the whiche..every man schuld shonys to make matrimonye.

?1515 W. Harrington Commendations of Matrimony sig. b1^v Bonde men & bonde women may make matrimony.

1693 G. Powell Very Good Wife v. 41 To make Matrimony upon a young Beautiful Lady.

†c. to break matrimony: to commit adultery. Similarly breach of matrimony. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > [noun] > adultery

eaubruchea1000

mid-lyinga1200

spousebriche?c1225

spousebreachc1275

adulterya1325

spouse-break1357

devoutrie1377

voutrya1382

spouse-breakinga1398

vowtryc1450

vowtrec1475

breach of matrimony1526

wed-breach1638

mechation1656

conjugal infidelity1700

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. v. f. vj^v Whosoever put awaye hys wyfe..causeth her to breake matrimony.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 443 Forbiddyng them aboue all thinges the brech of Matrimonie, the vse of swearyng [etc.].

†3. A husband or wife. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > [noun] > spouse, consort, or partner

ferec975

matchOE

makec1175

spousea1200

lemanc1275

fellowc1350

likea1393

wed-ferea1400

partyc1443

espouse?c1450

bedfellow1490

yokefellow?1542

espousal1543

spouse1548

mate1549

marrow1554

paragon1557

yokemate1567

partner1577

better halfa1586

twin1592

moiety1611

copemate1631

consort1634

half-marrow1637

matrimonya1640

helpmeet1661

other half1667

helpmate1715

spousie1735

life companion1763

worse half1783

life partner1809

domestic partner1815

ball and chain1921

lover1969

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Little French Lawyer iv. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. K2^v/2 Restore my Matrimony undefil'd.

1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode ii. i. 22 That sign of a Husband there; that lazy matrimony.

1697 T. D'Urfey Intrigues at Versailles ii. ii. 17 I'll leave ye, to go and Play an After-Game with my Jealous Matrimony yonder.

II. In extended use, with reference to the association of two things.

4. Cards. A game resembling Pope Joan, played with a full pack of cards. Also: the pairing of a king and queen in this and other games of cards (cf. marriage n. 5b).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > combinations of cards

cater-trey?a1500

mournival1530

sequence1575

pair royal1608

septieme1651

tierce1659

pair1674

purtaunte1688

quart major1718

matrimonya1743

queen-suit1744

quart1746

prial1776

flux1798

fredon1798

tricon1798

intrigue1830

straight1841

marriage1861

under-sequence1863

straight five1864

double pair-royal?1870

run?1870

short suit1876

four1883

fourchette1885

meld1887

doubleton1906

canasta1948

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > others

laugh and lie down1522

mack1548

decoyc1555

pinionc1557

to beat the knave out of doors1570

imperial1577

prima vista1587

loadum1591

flush1598

prime1598

thirty-perforce1599

gresco1605

hole1621

my sow's pigged1621

slam1621

fox-mine-host1622

whipperginnie1622

crimpa1637

hundred1636

pinache1641

sequence1653

lady's hole1658

quebas1668

art of memory1674

costly colours1674

penneech1674

plain dealing1674

wit and reason1680

comet1685

lansquenet1687

incertain1689

macham1689

uptails1694

quinze1714

hoc1730

commerce1732

matrimonya1743

tredrille1764

Tom come tickle me1769

tresette1785

snitch'ems1798

tontine1798

blind hazard1816

all fives1838

short cards1845

blind hookey1852

sixty-six1857

skin the lamb1864

brisque1870

handicap1870

manille1874

forty-five1875

slobberhannes1877

fifteen1884

Black Maria1885

slapjack1887

seven-and-a-half1895

pit1904

Russian Bank1915

red dog1919

fan-tan1923

Pelmanism1923

Slippery Sam1923

go fish1933

Russian Banker1937

racing demon1938

pit-a-pat1947

scopa1965

a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 371 And accordingly we four sat down to a game called Matrimony consisting of 4 parts or stakes viz. the King & Queen of any sort in one hand makes a matrimony.

1764 C. F. Esberger Jrnl. 21 Nov. (1902) 23 We play'd..Matrimony & I lost..the biggest sum I ever lost in my Life at cards.

1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iv. ii. 296 We have also the Game of Snake, and the more modern Game of Matrimony, with others of the like kind.

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) vi. 54 When the spinster aunt got ‘matrimony’, the young ladies laughed afresh.

1887 All Year Round 5 Feb. 66 There was Matrimony [in Pope Joan]..the winning of which caused such delightful confusion to the ingenuous maid of the period.

1990 D. Parlett Oxf. Guide Card Games 121 Its [sc. Pope Joan's] King–Queen, Queen–Jack combinations derive from those of a simple staking game called Matrimony.

†5. A method of weighing two oxen together (see quot. 1757). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1757 W. Thompson Royal Navy-men's Advocate 41 If these Oxen do not weigh this weight, the practice of Matrimony is then introduced... It is weighing the Fore Quarter of a heavy Ox with the Hind Quarter of a light Ox, by which conjugated State they..produce the Standard Weight.

6. slang and regional (chiefly British and Caribbean). A mixture or combination of two different items of food or drink (in various spec. uses).This sense may also underlie the compound matrimony cake, Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [noun] > mixture of two foods

matrimony1813

1813 Examiner 17 May 317/1 That injudicious mixing of wines, which is called matrimony.

1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Matrimony,..4. A name given jocularly to raisins and almonds mixed, and various other common combinations.

1892 M. North Recoll. Happy Life I. 103 They gave us glasses of ‘matrimony’, a delicious compound made of star-apple sugar and the juice of Seville oranges.

1931 A. Thirkell Three Houses III. iv. 98 Another habit of her youth was to lay her slice of cake between two pieces of bread-and-butter and eat them together like a sandwich which was known in North country parlance as ‘matrimony’.

1957 Farmer's Food Man. (Jamaica Agric. Soc.) 145 Matrimony... Wash star apples and remove pulp. Peel oranges and remove in sections. Mix, and add cream and sugar. Chill and serve.

7. Botany (chiefly U.S.). More fully matrimony vine. Any of various thorny shrubs of the genus Lycium (family Solanaceae); esp. the Asiatic species L. barbarum and L. chinense, often cultivated in gardens.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > box-thorn bush or berry

boxthorn1578

lycium1597

Barbary tea1728

matrimony1818

1818 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 2) ii. 309 Lycium..barbarum..matrimony.

1822 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 3) ii. 343 Matrimony vine.

1899 F. D. Bergen Animal & Plant Lore 106 Matrimony vine planted near a house and thriving means matrimonial ill luck.

1915 M. Armstrong & J. J. Thornber Field Bk. Western Wild Flowers 464 Desert Matrimony Lycium Cooperi.

1958 M. L. Fernald & A. C. Kinsey Edible Wild Plants Eastern N. Amer. iii. 336 The old-fashioned garden shrubs, the Matrimony-Vines..have escaped and become naturalized.

1972 G. A. Petrides Field Guide Trees & Shrubs Northeastern & North-central U.S. (ed. 2) 190 Chinese Matrimony-vine... Lycium chinense... Similar to the European species but less thorny.

1981 L. D. Benson & R. A. Darrow Man. Southwest Desert Trees & Shrubs (ed. 3) 195 One species, Lycium halimifolium, is the rather frequently cultivated matrimony vine, an excellent plant for training over fences and lattice work.

Compounds

matrimony cake n. a round cake consisting of a layer of currants sandwiched between layers of pastry (cf. matrimonial cake n. at matrimonial adj. and n. Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes

honey appleeOE

barley-cake1393

seed cakea1400

cake?a1425

pudding-cake?1553

manchet1562

biscuit cake1593

placent1598

poplin1600

jumbal1615

bread pudding1623

semel1643

wine-cakea1661

Shrewsbury cake1670

curd cake1675

fruitcake1687

clap-bread1691

simnel cake1699

orange-flower cake1718

banana cake1726

sweet-cake1726

torte1748

Naples cake1766

Bath cake1769

gofer1769

yeast-cake1795

nutcake1801

tipsy-cake1806

cruller1808

baba1813

lady's finger1818

coconut cake1824

mint cake1825

sices1825

cup-cake1828

batter-cake1830

buckwheat1830

Dundee seed cake1833

fat-cake1839

babka1846

wonder1848

popover1850

cream-cake1855

sly-cake1855

dripping-cake1857

lard-cake1858

puffet1860

quick cake1865

barnbrack1867

matrimony cake1871

brioche1873

Nelson cake1877

cocoa cake1883

sesame cake1883

marinade1888

mystery1889

oblietjie1890

stuffed monkey1892

Greek bread1893

Battenberg1903

Oswego cake1907

nusstorte1911

dump cake1912

Dobos Torte1915

lekach1918

buckle1935

Florentine1936

hash cake1967

space cake1984

1871 E. Levy Jewish Cookery Bk. 74 (heading) Matrimony cakes.

1890 J. Nicholson Folk-lore E. Yorks. ii. 11 A large round cake, called matrimony cake, having a layer of currants between two layers of pastry, is covered with sugar, then cut into as many pieces as there are persons at the feast.

1997 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 9 Dec. b5 When Bevan asked about the origin of Matrimony Cake, we had callers telling us they still had the 1930s Five Roses Flour cookbook with the recipe in it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	matrimony
释义	matrimonyn. Brit. /ˈmatrᵻməni/, U.S. /ˈmætrəˌmoʊni/ Forms: Middle English matermone, Middle English matermoyn, Middle English matermoyne, Middle English matirmonye, Middle English matirmoyne, Middle English matremoyne, Middle English matrimoigne, Middle English matrimoin, Middle English matrimoine, Middle English matrimon, Middle English matrimone, Middle English matrimoun, Middle English matrimoyn, Middle English matrimoyne, Middle English matrymoigne, Middle English matrymoyne, Middle English–1500s matremony, Middle English–1500s matrimonye, Middle English–1500s matrymonie, Middle English–1500s matrymony, Middle English–1500s matrymonye, Middle English–1600s matrimonie, Middle English– matrimony, 1500s matromoney; Scottish pre-1700 matermone, pre-1700 matermoney, pre-1700 matermony, pre-1700 matermonye, pre-1700 materymonye, pre-1700 matremony, pre-1700 matrimone, pre-1700 matrimoney, pre-1700 matrimonȝe, pre-1700 matrimonie, pre-1700 matrimonye, pre-1700 matromonȝe, pre-1700 matromony, pre-1700 matrymony, pre-1700 matrymoyne, pre-1700 1700s– matrimony. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French matermoine, matremoine. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman matermoine, matremoine, matrimoigne, matrimone, matrimonie and Middle French matremoine, matrimoigne (14th cent.; c1155 in Old French in sense ‘property inherited from one's mother’: compare 1a) < classical Latin mātrimōnium state of being married < mātri- , māter mother (see matri- comb. form) + -mōnium -mony comb. form. Compare Old Occitan matrimoni (1198), Italian matrimonio (a1294), Spanish matrimonio (1335), Portuguese matrimōnio (14th cent.). I. Senses relating to the joining of two people in marriage. 1. a. The rite or sacrament of marriage; the action of marrying.Occasionally personified. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > [noun] eeOE weddingc1000 wivingOE contractc1315 marriagec1325 matrimony1357 unionc1475 maritagec1478 briding1566 espousal1566 match1574 intermarriage1579 despousing1609 espousement1623 nuptial1630 coupling1641 splice1830 intermarrying1843 contraction1885 yokemating1891 J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 48 (MED) The sext commandement forbedes..any fleshly knawyng..othir than the sacrement of matermoyne escuse. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. x. 202 (MED) Seþþen lawe haþ I-loket þat vche mon haue a make, In Mariage and Matrimoyne I-Medlet to-gedere. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 11156 (MED) The syxte sacrament ys matrymony, Þere hyt ys do ryȝtwusly. c1434 J. Drury Eng. Writings in Speculum (1934) 9 78 (MED) The sacrament of matrimonye excludyd dedly synne in þe werk of generacion be-twyx man & woman. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 26 Our lord ihesu crist..drowe matrimony with vs, þat is to say, whan þat he tooke our kynde. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 45 Sen man ferst with matrimony ȝow menskit in kirk, How haif ȝe farne? Be ȝour faith. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 232 Matremony, that nobill king, Was grevit. 1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Ivj The fayth and promise made in matrimony. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlvii. 383 Teaching that Matrimony is a Sacrament, giveth to the Clergy the Judging of the lawfulnesse of Marriages. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 78 in Justice Vindicated Matrimony is the act of two free persons..mutually taking one another for husband and wife. 1754 Connoisseur (1755) No. 44. 261 I could not help wishing on this occasion that some middle term was invented between Miss and Mrs. to be adopted, at a certain age, by all females not inclined to matrimony. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. xvi. 444 All children born before matrimony are bastards by our law. 1822 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 19 Jan. 2/4 The fickle bridegroom changed his mind, and refused to marry..and the next morning swore the peace against those guests who had attempted to thump him into matrimony. 1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 65 The tie of blood is, to him, in every respect, stronger than that of matrimony. 1902 T. M. Lindsay Church & Ministry in Early Cent. v. 198 In such a solemn action as matrimony the blessing of the Church should be joined to the Civil contract. 1952 R. A. Knox Hidden Stream xx. 188 There is one sacrament of which no priest and no bishop in the Western rite..can be the minister; the sacrament of matrimony. 1987 S. Bellow More die of Heartbreak 115 Uncle Benn might be thought a candidate for matrimony by this glittering, nervous..woman. †b. A marriage; an act of getting married. Also: a union or alliance formed by marriage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [noun] wedlock1377 matrimonya1402 marriagea1500 matrimoniala1500 a1402 J. Trevisa tr. Dialogus Militem et Clericum (Harl.) 15 (MED) Ich go..forto axe heritage in my wyues name..hit longeþ to me to axe þat heritage, for hit is y-knytt to þe matrimonye. a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 348 (MED) Þei maken many divorsis and many matrimonies unleveful. 1535 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 404 The saide Bisshop of Rome..ought to approbate and confyrme this present matrymonie. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 9223 A mariage & matremony hole. a1544 H. Latimer Let. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1332/1 I haue hadde more businesse in my lytle cure, synce I spake with you, what with sicke folkes, & what with matrimonies, then I haue hadde since I came to it. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 253 That which they doe..is no other thing, then to dissolue a matrimonie, and to open a doore to the Deuill. 1660 R. Coke Justice Vindicated 2 If he were just, because he did adorn his Sisters with highest matrimonies [etc.]. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews xx. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 643 He forsook at once this matrimony. 1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans III. 209 Pray what do you think of the matrimony of Nightley, with whom we dined to-day? 1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 545/2 He..had become rather alarmed at the length to which the affair had got, and, doubtful whether he had any true vocation at this time to a Scotch matrimony. †c. The marriage service. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > marriage service order of wedlockc1395 matrimonya1625 marriage service1698 nuptialities1863 a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) v. v. sig. L3 There you shall finde a night Priest, Little sir Hugh, and he can say the Matrimony Over without booke, for we must have no company. 1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Sigismonda & Guiscardo in Fables 129 The holy Man..Made haste to sanctify the Bliss by Law; And mutter'd fast the Matrimony o'er. 1724 M. Davys Reform'd Coquet 86 I doubt not but your Chaplain has the Matrimony by—heart; if not, pray let him con his lesson before he comes. †d. A manner of marrying; the ceremony of marriage. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying matrimony1718 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. May (1965) I. 411 What is most extrordinary in their Customs is their Matrimony. 2. a. The state or condition of being married; the relation between married persons. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > [noun] bridelockOE yokeOE spousehooda1200 spousea1225 wedlock?c1225 wedlockhoodc1230 marriagec1300 spousal1340 matrimonya1382 espousala1393 muliera1400 spousagea1400 spouseheadc1400 weddedhooda1450 wedhooda1450 wedding1489 espousage1549 the bond(s of wedlock or matrimony1552 nuptial1566 bed-match1582 bob-tail1585 Hymen's banda1593 Hymen1608 married life1609 conjugality1645 marriage state1652 conjugacy1659 marriage life1662 establishment1684 shackledom1771 connubiality1836 connubialism1848 weddedness1891 bedlock1922 the tender trap1954 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Ruth i. 12 I am wastid bi eelde, ne able to þe bond of matrymoyne. a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Serm. on Gospels (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Matrimoin(e Ef Crist paied no ware Of matirmoyne, hafed he noht thar [sc. til Cana Galile] Cumen. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. 219 Matrimoigne with-oute moillerye is nouȝt moche to preyse. c1440 (a1349) R. Rolle Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 12 In assys, or cause of matremoyne. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 391 Hercules gate a son..not geten in trewe matrimony. 1529 T. More Supplyc. Soulys i. f. xviii Then shall matrymony by myche better kepte. 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 2 The mis-interpreting of some Scripture..hath chang'd the blessing of matrimony not seldome into a familiar and co-inhabiting mischiefe. 1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. iii. 99 The very Laws of Matrimony forbid it. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals i. i I wish they were once harnessed together in matrimony. 1828 D. Le Marchant Rep. Claims to Barony of Gardner p. xi Evidence..for illegitimating children, born during the matrimony of their maternal parent. 1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Devereux I. i. i. 4 Nothing in his estimation was less becoming to a wise man than matrimony. 1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 6 Even if we take matrimony at its lowest, even if we regard it as no more than a sort of friendship recognised by the police [etc.]. 1914 W. L. George Dramat. Actualities 39 The difficulties of matrimony, triangular or other, financial or monetary entanglements. 1987 R. P. Jhabvala Three Continents i. 71 They walked up and down there arm in arm—..an embodiment of traditional matrimony. †b. to make matrimony: to get married; to marry. to take to matrimony: to take as a wife. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (intransitive)] weda1225 marrya1325 spousec1390 to make matrimonyc1400 intermarry1528 contract1530 to give (also conjoin, join, take) in (also to, into) marriage1535 to make a match1547 yoke1567 match1569 mate1589 to go to church (with a person)1600 to put one's neck in a noosec1600 paira1616 to join giblets1647 buckle1693 espouse1693 to change (alter) one's condition1712 to tie the knot1718 to marry out1727 to wedlock it1737 solemnize1748 forgather1768 unite1769 connubiate1814 conjugalize1823 connubialize1870 splice1874 to get hitched up1890 to hook up1903 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > a woman weda1000 brideOE spousec1300 wed to warisonc1330 to take to matrimonyc1400 wivec1425 to make (a woman) an honest woman1562 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 236 If þei..matrimoigne for monye maken & vnmaken..Þei vndon it vnworthily. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 9 (MED) Takenge the doȝhter of Darius to matrimony. ?a1500 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Ld. Montagu of Beaulieu (1900) 1 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 283) XLV. 685 Perilous daies..in the whiche..every man schuld shonys to make matrimonye. ?1515 W. Harrington Commendations of Matrimony sig. b1^v Bonde men & bonde women may make matrimony. 1693 G. Powell Very Good Wife v. 41 To make Matrimony upon a young Beautiful Lady. †c. to break matrimony: to commit adultery. Similarly breach of matrimony. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > [noun] > adultery eaubruchea1000 mid-lyinga1200 spousebriche?c1225 spousebreachc1275 adulterya1325 spouse-break1357 devoutrie1377 voutrya1382 spouse-breakinga1398 vowtryc1450 vowtrec1475 breach of matrimony1526 wed-breach1638 mechation1656 conjugal infidelity1700 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. v. f. vj^v Whosoever put awaye hys wyfe..causeth her to breake matrimony. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 443 Forbiddyng them aboue all thinges the brech of Matrimonie, the vse of swearyng [etc.]. †3. A husband or wife. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > [noun] > spouse, consort, or partner ferec975 matchOE makec1175 spousea1200 lemanc1275 fellowc1350 likea1393 wed-ferea1400 partyc1443 espouse?c1450 bedfellow1490 yokefellow?1542 espousal1543 spouse1548 mate1549 marrow1554 paragon1557 yokemate1567 partner1577 better halfa1586 twin1592 moiety1611 copemate1631 consort1634 half-marrow1637 matrimonya1640 helpmeet1661 other half1667 helpmate1715 spousie1735 life companion1763 worse half1783 life partner1809 domestic partner1815 ball and chain1921 lover1969 a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Little French Lawyer iv. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. K2^v/2 Restore my Matrimony undefil'd. 1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode ii. i. 22 That sign of a Husband there; that lazy matrimony. 1697 T. D'Urfey Intrigues at Versailles ii. ii. 17 I'll leave ye, to go and Play an After-Game with my Jealous Matrimony yonder. II. In extended use, with reference to the association of two things. 4. Cards. A game resembling Pope Joan, played with a full pack of cards. Also: the pairing of a king and queen in this and other games of cards (cf. marriage n. 5b). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > combinations of cards cater-trey?a1500 mournival1530 sequence1575 pair royal1608 septieme1651 tierce1659 pair1674 purtaunte1688 quart major1718 matrimonya1743 queen-suit1744 quart1746 prial1776 flux1798 fredon1798 tricon1798 intrigue1830 straight1841 marriage1861 under-sequence1863 straight five1864 double pair-royal?1870 run?1870 short suit1876 four1883 fourchette1885 meld1887 doubleton1906 canasta1948 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > others laugh and lie down1522 mack1548 decoyc1555 pinionc1557 to beat the knave out of doors1570 imperial1577 prima vista1587 loadum1591 flush1598 prime1598 thirty-perforce1599 gresco1605 hole1621 my sow's pigged1621 slam1621 fox-mine-host1622 whipperginnie1622 crimpa1637 hundred1636 pinache1641 sequence1653 lady's hole1658 quebas1668 art of memory1674 costly colours1674 penneech1674 plain dealing1674 wit and reason1680 comet1685 lansquenet1687 incertain1689 macham1689 uptails1694 quinze1714 hoc1730 commerce1732 matrimonya1743 tredrille1764 Tom come tickle me1769 tresette1785 snitch'ems1798 tontine1798 blind hazard1816 all fives1838 short cards1845 blind hookey1852 sixty-six1857 skin the lamb1864 brisque1870 handicap1870 manille1874 forty-five1875 slobberhannes1877 fifteen1884 Black Maria1885 slapjack1887 seven-and-a-half1895 pit1904 Russian Bank1915 red dog1919 fan-tan1923 Pelmanism1923 Slippery Sam1923 go fish1933 Russian Banker1937 racing demon1938 pit-a-pat1947 scopa1965 a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 371 And accordingly we four sat down to a game called Matrimony consisting of 4 parts or stakes viz. the King & Queen of any sort in one hand makes a matrimony. 1764 C. F. Esberger Jrnl. 21 Nov. (1902) 23 We play'd..Matrimony & I lost..the biggest sum I ever lost in my Life at cards. 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iv. ii. 296 We have also the Game of Snake, and the more modern Game of Matrimony, with others of the like kind. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) vi. 54 When the spinster aunt got ‘matrimony’, the young ladies laughed afresh. 1887 All Year Round 5 Feb. 66 There was Matrimony [in Pope Joan]..the winning of which caused such delightful confusion to the ingenuous maid of the period. 1990 D. Parlett Oxf. Guide Card Games 121 Its [sc. Pope Joan's] King–Queen, Queen–Jack combinations derive from those of a simple staking game called Matrimony. †5. A method of weighing two oxen together (see quot. 1757). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1757 W. Thompson Royal Navy-men's Advocate 41 If these Oxen do not weigh this weight, the practice of Matrimony is then introduced... It is weighing the Fore Quarter of a heavy Ox with the Hind Quarter of a light Ox, by which conjugated State they..produce the Standard Weight. 6. slang and regional (chiefly British and Caribbean). A mixture or combination of two different items of food or drink (in various spec. uses).This sense may also underlie the compound matrimony cake, Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food otherwise characterized > [noun] > mixture of two foods matrimony1813 1813 Examiner 17 May 317/1 That injudicious mixing of wines, which is called matrimony. 1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Matrimony,..4. A name given jocularly to raisins and almonds mixed, and various other common combinations. 1892 M. North Recoll. Happy Life I. 103 They gave us glasses of ‘matrimony’, a delicious compound made of star-apple sugar and the juice of Seville oranges. 1931 A. Thirkell Three Houses III. iv. 98 Another habit of her youth was to lay her slice of cake between two pieces of bread-and-butter and eat them together like a sandwich which was known in North country parlance as ‘matrimony’. 1957 Farmer's Food Man. (Jamaica Agric. Soc.) 145 Matrimony... Wash star apples and remove pulp. Peel oranges and remove in sections. Mix, and add cream and sugar. Chill and serve. 7. Botany (chiefly U.S.). More fully matrimony vine. Any of various thorny shrubs of the genus Lycium (family Solanaceae); esp. the Asiatic species L. barbarum and L. chinense, often cultivated in gardens. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > box-thorn bush or berry boxthorn1578 lycium1597 Barbary tea1728 matrimony1818 1818 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 2) ii. 309 Lycium..barbarum..matrimony. 1822 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 3) ii. 343 Matrimony vine. 1899 F. D. Bergen Animal & Plant Lore 106 Matrimony vine planted near a house and thriving means matrimonial ill luck. 1915 M. Armstrong & J. J. Thornber Field Bk. Western Wild Flowers 464 Desert Matrimony Lycium Cooperi. 1958 M. L. Fernald & A. C. Kinsey Edible Wild Plants Eastern N. Amer. iii. 336 The old-fashioned garden shrubs, the Matrimony-Vines..have escaped and become naturalized. 1972 G. A. Petrides Field Guide Trees & Shrubs Northeastern & North-central U.S. (ed. 2) 190 Chinese Matrimony-vine... Lycium chinense... Similar to the European species but less thorny. 1981 L. D. Benson & R. A. Darrow Man. Southwest Desert Trees & Shrubs (ed. 3) 195 One species, Lycium halimifolium, is the rather frequently cultivated matrimony vine, an excellent plant for training over fences and lattice work. Compounds matrimony cake n. a round cake consisting of a layer of currants sandwiched between layers of pastry (cf. matrimonial cake n. at matrimonial adj. and n. Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes honey appleeOE barley-cake1393 seed cakea1400 cake?a1425 pudding-cake?1553 manchet1562 biscuit cake1593 placent1598 poplin1600 jumbal1615 bread pudding1623 semel1643 wine-cakea1661 Shrewsbury cake1670 curd cake1675 fruitcake1687 clap-bread1691 simnel cake1699 orange-flower cake1718 banana cake1726 sweet-cake1726 torte1748 Naples cake1766 Bath cake1769 gofer1769 yeast-cake1795 nutcake1801 tipsy-cake1806 cruller1808 baba1813 lady's finger1818 coconut cake1824 mint cake1825 sices1825 cup-cake1828 batter-cake1830 buckwheat1830 Dundee seed cake1833 fat-cake1839 babka1846 wonder1848 popover1850 cream-cake1855 sly-cake1855 dripping-cake1857 lard-cake1858 puffet1860 quick cake1865 barnbrack1867 matrimony cake1871 brioche1873 Nelson cake1877 cocoa cake1883 sesame cake1883 marinade1888 mystery1889 oblietjie1890 stuffed monkey1892 Greek bread1893 Battenberg1903 Oswego cake1907 nusstorte1911 dump cake1912 Dobos Torte1915 lekach1918 buckle1935 Florentine1936 hash cake1967 space cake1984 1871 E. Levy Jewish Cookery Bk. 74 (heading) Matrimony cakes. 1890 J. Nicholson Folk-lore E. Yorks. ii. 11 A large round cake, called matrimony cake, having a layer of currants between two layers of pastry, is covered with sugar, then cut into as many pieces as there are persons at the feast. 1997 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 9 Dec. b5 When Bevan asked about the origin of Matrimony Cake, we had callers telling us they still had the 1930s Five Roses Flour cookbook with the recipe in it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1357
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