medullan.

Brit.

/mɛˈdʌlə/,

/mᵻˈdʌlə/, U.S.

/məˈdələ/

Forms: late Middle English medulle, late Middle English– medulla, 1600s medull, 1700s medullam.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin medulla.

Etymology: < classical Latin medulla marrow, pith, essential part, perhaps < the Indo-European base of smear n., with substitution of -d- for -r- after medius middle (see medium adj.) by folk etymology. Compare Middle French medule the central part of something (1402), Middle French, French médulle marrow (1564 in Rabelais; now only in sense 2a; compare French médulla (1970)).With spinal medulla (see sense 1b) compare classical Latin spinae medulla , post-classical Latin medulla spinalis (12th cent.); Middle French medulle de l'espine (beginning of the 16th cent.), spinale medulle (second half of the 16th cent.), French medulle espine (a1630); also ancient Greek μυελὸς ῥαχίτης , μυελὸς νωτιαῖος (both in Hippocrates). With medulle cerebellar (see quot. ?a1425 at sense 1b) compare post-classical Latin medulla cerebri (mid 3rd cent.). The use of classical Latin medulla in the figurative sense ‘essential part’ (compare sense 3) is probably after the corresponding use of ancient Greek μυελός (see myelo- comb. form). The Latin word occurs frequently in this sense in patristic writing, and in Latin work titles from the 15th cent.; compare marrow n.¹ 4a. The form medullam (see quot. ?1764 at sense 3) is perhaps intended as a Latin accusative.

Biology.

I. Technical uses.

1. Anatomy and Zoology.

a. The marrow of a bone.Before the 19th cent. the usual word in this sense is marrow. (In medical dictionaries of this period Latin medulla is normally glossed marrow.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > substance of bones > [noun] > bone-marrow

marroweOE

braina1398

medulla?a1425

bone marrow1590

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun] > marrow of

marrowa1398

medulla?a1425

spinal marrow1578

pith1594

chine-marrow1661

thorny marrow1662

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 63^v Marogh hatte medulla in latin, for it moistiþ þe bones.]

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51^v Wondez..þat smyteþ þe grete veynez & arteriez & nerues & medullas bringeþ in most perile.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 91 (MED) Drie vlcerez..be cured wiþ wex & wiþ medulla of a calfe þye.

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2031/2 Medulla, marrow, in anatomy.

1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 393 The inner surface of the new bone..is lined with a membrane containing medulla.

1845 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. I. 103 The cancelli are filled with fat, or medulla, the marrow of bone.

1854 C. H. Jones & E. H. Sieveking Man. Pathol. Anat. (1875) 871 Osteomyelitis..inflammation of the red osseous Medulla.

1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Sept. 649 I put her on red medulla tabloids.

1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xvii. 436 Inflammation..of the bone and its medulla (osteomyelitis) rarely occurs without some involvement of the periosteum.

b. The spinal cord (more fully spinal medulla, medulla spinalis). Formerly also: †the inner substance or white matter of the brain or spinal cord (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > [noun] > substances of

medulla?a1425

pith1594

acervulus cerebri1791

brain sand1831

oleophosphoric acid1839

wetware1963

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 69^v For nyȝnes & noblenez of þe medulle cerebellar.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 43^v Þe Nucha from þe brayn..is clepid in þat place Medulla spinalis.

1651 ‘A. B.’ tr. L. Lessius Sir Walter Rawleigh's Ghost 87 The inward medulla or marrow of the brain.

1669 Philos. Trans. 1668 (Royal Soc.) 3 889 He affirms, that the whole Substance called the Medulla of the Brain and the After-brain is a Heap of Fibres or Vessels.

1797 J. Abernethy Surg. & Physiol. Ess. iii. 137 The medulla spinalis, or a substance of an apparently similar nature, was continued into the sacrum.

1825 Lancet 31 Dec. 494/1 A portion of the fractured bone had been driven into the medulla spinalis.

1877 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. iii. vi. 456 The loss of voluntary movement which follows upon a unilateral section of the medulla.

1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VIII. 120/1 The boundaries of the cinerea (cortex, etc.) and alba (medulla) were ascertained by comparing the similarly exposed surface of a fresh brain.

1968 Brain 91 366 The entire organization of the spinal cord..is constantly influenced by structures within the brain above the medulla spinalis.

1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) vii. 864 (heading) The spinal medulla or cord.

c. = medulla oblongata n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > medulla oblongata

marrowa1398

medulla oblongata1668

medulla1722

oblongated marrow1822

macromyelon1846

myelencephalon1871

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 51 The third [process] goes backwards on the upper side of the Medulla.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 222 A softening patch on the left side of the medulla.

1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) iii. 292 The virus [sc. poliovirus] invades the grey matter of the spinal cord and the medulla and motor cortex of the brain.

d. The central part of an organ where distinguishable from an outer layer (cortex), e.g. of the kidney or adrenal gland.adrenal medulla: see adrenal adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [noun] > centre

axis1741

medulla1741

1741 A. Monro Anat. Nerves 15 in Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) The Kidneys..have a reticulated Cortex of Vessels, from which the Eustachian or Bellinian Medulla..proceeds.

1878 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. (ed. 2) 841 The vessels—and more especially those of the medulla, the Malpighian tufts, and the stellate veins on the surface [of the kidney]—become more or less deeply congested.

1912 E. A. Schäfer Textbk. Microsc. Anat. 400 The ramified cells which cover the reticular tissue of the lymph-sinus often contain a considerable number of pigment-granules, especially in the medulla of the gland.

1963 E. J. W. Barrington Introd. Gen. & Compar. Endocrinol. vi. 152 Germ cells that enter the cortex become female, those that enter the medulla become male.

1991 L. Miller Lett. from Lost Generation 270 Dos Passos had written Hemingway upon hearing of Pauline's sudden death in 1951 from a tumor of the adrenal medulla.

e. The innermost of the three layers of a mammalian hair. Also: the mesodermal tissue that occupies the shaft of a growing feather.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > parts of hair > [noun]

pithOE

root end1675

shaft1748

medulla1826

stem1845

Henle's layer1850

Henle's sheath1853

epicuticle1949

the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of

pen1381

quill?a1425

dowlc1535

rib1545

web1575

pilec1600

twill1664

beard1688

pinion1691

vane1713

shaft1748

beardlet1804

medulla1826

barb1835

barbule1835

stem1845

feather-pulp1859

aftershaft1867

barbicel1869

filament1870

vexillum1871

scape1872

rachis1874

harl1877

calamus1878

radius1882

ramus1882

scapus1882

cilia1884

the world > animals > mammals > [noun] > parts of > (part of) hair

clod1678

medulla1826

tat1887

1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) I. 136 The pith or medulla [of hair] appears to be endowed with a species of vitality.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 353/1 When the quill of the feather has acquired due consistence, the internal medulla becomes dried up.

1845 J. C. Prichard Nat. Hist. Man (ed. 2) 95 Weber declares the human hair to consist of a homogeneous substance, in which no distinction of cortex and medulla can be perceived.

1877 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 6 84 The medulla is not always separate from the cortical substance.

1959 W. Andrew Textbk. Compar. Histol. iv. 130 Histologically a hair usually consists of three main parts: cortex, medulla, and cuticle.

1985 C. R. Leeson et al. Textbk. Histol. (ed. 5) x. 301 The medulla forms the loose central axis and consists of two or three layers of shrunken, cornified cuboidal cells.

1987 E. W. Burr Compan. Bird Med. vi. 34/2 A small rachis with a disproportionately small medulla.

f. Myelin; the myelin sheath of a nerve. Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > parts of nerves > [noun] > sheath of Schwann

neurilemma1825

medulla1839

myelin1866

sheath of Schwann1874

1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 592/2 The real structure of the primitive nerve fibre appears to be a tube composed of homogeneous membrane, containing a delicate, soft, pulpy, semi-fluid, and transparent medulla.

1872 A. Flint Physiol. Man IV. i. 19 These [nerve] fibres..contain, enclosed in a tubular sheath, a soft substance called the medulla.

1893 Philos. Trans. 1892 (Royal Soc.) B. 183 119 The nerves sometimes lose their medulla a considerable distance before they become connected with nerve-cells.

g. The ventral nerve cord of certain leeches. Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > division Vermes > [noun] > member of (worm) > nerve cord

medulla1878

1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 167 A median one [sc. sinus]..embraces in Clepsine and Piscicola, the alimentary canal and the ventral medulla.

h. The endoplasm of a protozoan.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > [noun] > member of > parts of > endosarc

medulla1888

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 833 The protoplasm is either similar throughout, or it is divisible into an exoplasm (cortex) and endoplasm (medulla).

1994 E. E. Ruppert & R. D. Barnes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 6) ii. 41/1 The body of a heliozoan consists of an outer ectoplasmic sphere, or cortex,..and an inner part of the body, or medulla.

2. Botany.

a. The soft internal tissue of a plant or part of a plant; the pith. Also: the central tissue of the thallus of a lichen or fungus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > pith or soft internal tissue

marroweOE

pitheOE

flesh1574

fat1575

pulp1578

medulla1583

brain1601

matrix1633

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke vi. viii. 288 The playnest and simplest waie of making it [sc. a Bolus], is of medulla, cassiæ fistulæ.

1651 ‘A. B.’ tr. L. Lessius Sir Walter Rawleigh's Ghost 96 In the Medulla or marrow of the Plant there is a genital power or vertue.

1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. I. v. vii. 300 The pod [of the guava], opened longitudinally, is found divided into several cells, each containing a certain spungy medulla.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 331 In the fruticulose or foliaceous species [of lichens] the medulla is distinctly floccose.

1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi iii. 58 In other forms the rind is distinguished from the medulla by gelatinous cell walls.

1970 Sci. Jrnl. Mar. 35/1 Peltigera polydactyla..had the advantage that the purely fungal part of the lichen (medulla) could be easily dissected away from the part containing the algal layer.

†b. = medullin n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > cellulose

medulla1819

cellulose1839

cellulin1843

1819 J. G. Children Ess. Chem. Anal. 298 Medulla was obtained by Dr. John, from the pith of the sunflower.

†II. Extended uses.

3. figurative. The essential or central matter of a subject. Also: a compendium, abridgement, or summary. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun]

abbreviationa1464

summary1509

breve1523

bridgement1523

abbreviate1531

summulary1533

breviary1547

extract1549

digest1555

brief1563

promptuary1577

abbreviature1578

institute1578

breviation1580

breviate1581

compendiary1589

symbol1594

ramass1596

compendium1608

abridgement1609

digestment1610

digestion1613

epitome1623

abridge1634

comprisal1640

comprisurea1641

syntome1641

medulla1644

multum in parvo1653

contracta1657

landscape1656

comprehension1659

sylloge1686

contraction1697

résumé1782

compend1796

sum-up1848

roundup1884

wrap-up1960

1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A4^v Their youth run ahead into the easie creek of a System or a Medulla, sayls there at will.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub v. 115 An infinite Number of Abstracts, Summaries, Compendiums,..Medulla's..and the like.

1715 R. South 12 Serm. IV. 56 Their preaching Tools, their Medulla's, Notebooks, their Mellificiums, Concordances, and all.

?1764 J. Bush Hibernia Curiosa To Rdr. p. xii The abridgers,..who..engage to furnish you, at a very easy expence, with the medullam of your civil history.

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. ix. 233 Now here comes the medulla, the very marrow of my tale.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	medulla
释义	medullan. Brit. /mɛˈdʌlə/, /mᵻˈdʌlə/, U.S. /məˈdələ/ Forms: late Middle English medulle, late Middle English– medulla, 1600s medull, 1700s medullam. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin medulla. Etymology: < classical Latin medulla marrow, pith, essential part, perhaps < the Indo-European base of smear n., with substitution of -d- for -r- after medius middle (see medium adj.) by folk etymology. Compare Middle French medule the central part of something (1402), Middle French, French médulle marrow (1564 in Rabelais; now only in sense 2a; compare French médulla (1970)).With spinal medulla (see sense 1b) compare classical Latin spinae medulla , post-classical Latin medulla spinalis (12th cent.); Middle French medulle de l'espine (beginning of the 16th cent.), spinale medulle (second half of the 16th cent.), French medulle espine (a1630); also ancient Greek μυελὸς ῥαχίτης , μυελὸς νωτιαῖος (both in Hippocrates). With medulle cerebellar (see quot. ?a1425 at sense 1b) compare post-classical Latin medulla cerebri (mid 3rd cent.). The use of classical Latin medulla in the figurative sense ‘essential part’ (compare sense 3) is probably after the corresponding use of ancient Greek μυελός (see myelo- comb. form). The Latin word occurs frequently in this sense in patristic writing, and in Latin work titles from the 15th cent.; compare marrow n.¹ 4a. The form medullam (see quot. ?1764 at sense 3) is perhaps intended as a Latin accusative. Biology. I. Technical uses. 1. Anatomy and Zoology. a. The marrow of a bone.Before the 19th cent. the usual word in this sense is marrow. (In medical dictionaries of this period Latin medulla is normally glossed marrow.) ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > substance of bones > [noun] > bone-marrow marroweOE braina1398 medulla?a1425 bone marrow1590 the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun] > marrow of marrowa1398 medulla?a1425 spinal marrow1578 pith1594 chine-marrow1661 thorny marrow1662 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 63^v Marogh hatte medulla in latin, for it moistiþ þe bones.] ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51^v Wondez..þat smyteþ þe grete veynez & arteriez & nerues & medullas bringeþ in most perile. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 91 (MED) Drie vlcerez..be cured wiþ wex & wiþ medulla of a calfe þye. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2031/2 Medulla, marrow, in anatomy. 1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 393 The inner surface of the new bone..is lined with a membrane containing medulla. 1845 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. I. 103 The cancelli are filled with fat, or medulla, the marrow of bone. 1854 C. H. Jones & E. H. Sieveking Man. Pathol. Anat. (1875) 871 Osteomyelitis..inflammation of the red osseous Medulla. 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Sept. 649 I put her on red medulla tabloids. 1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xvii. 436 Inflammation..of the bone and its medulla (osteomyelitis) rarely occurs without some involvement of the periosteum. b. The spinal cord (more fully spinal medulla, medulla spinalis). Formerly also: †the inner substance or white matter of the brain or spinal cord (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > [noun] > substances of medulla?a1425 pith1594 acervulus cerebri1791 brain sand1831 oleophosphoric acid1839 wetware1963 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 69^v For nyȝnes & noblenez of þe medulle cerebellar. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 43^v Þe Nucha from þe brayn..is clepid in þat place Medulla spinalis. 1651 ‘A. B.’ tr. L. Lessius Sir Walter Rawleigh's Ghost 87 The inward medulla or marrow of the brain. 1669 Philos. Trans. 1668 (Royal Soc.) 3 889 He affirms, that the whole Substance called the Medulla of the Brain and the After-brain is a Heap of Fibres or Vessels. 1797 J. Abernethy Surg. & Physiol. Ess. iii. 137 The medulla spinalis, or a substance of an apparently similar nature, was continued into the sacrum. 1825 Lancet 31 Dec. 494/1 A portion of the fractured bone had been driven into the medulla spinalis. 1877 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. iii. vi. 456 The loss of voluntary movement which follows upon a unilateral section of the medulla. 1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VIII. 120/1 The boundaries of the cinerea (cortex, etc.) and alba (medulla) were ascertained by comparing the similarly exposed surface of a fresh brain. 1968 Brain 91 366 The entire organization of the spinal cord..is constantly influenced by structures within the brain above the medulla spinalis. 1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) vii. 864 (heading) The spinal medulla or cord. c. = medulla oblongata n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > medulla oblongata marrowa1398 medulla oblongata1668 medulla1722 oblongated marrow1822 macromyelon1846 myelencephalon1871 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 51 The third [process] goes backwards on the upper side of the Medulla. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 222 A softening patch on the left side of the medulla. 1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) iii. 292 The virus [sc. poliovirus] invades the grey matter of the spinal cord and the medulla and motor cortex of the brain. d. The central part of an organ where distinguishable from an outer layer (cortex), e.g. of the kidney or adrenal gland.adrenal medulla: see adrenal adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [noun] > centre axis1741 medulla1741 1741 A. Monro Anat. Nerves 15 in Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) The Kidneys..have a reticulated Cortex of Vessels, from which the Eustachian or Bellinian Medulla..proceeds. 1878 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. (ed. 2) 841 The vessels—and more especially those of the medulla, the Malpighian tufts, and the stellate veins on the surface [of the kidney]—become more or less deeply congested. 1912 E. A. Schäfer Textbk. Microsc. Anat. 400 The ramified cells which cover the reticular tissue of the lymph-sinus often contain a considerable number of pigment-granules, especially in the medulla of the gland. 1963 E. J. W. Barrington Introd. Gen. & Compar. Endocrinol. vi. 152 Germ cells that enter the cortex become female, those that enter the medulla become male. 1991 L. Miller Lett. from Lost Generation 270 Dos Passos had written Hemingway upon hearing of Pauline's sudden death in 1951 from a tumor of the adrenal medulla. e. The innermost of the three layers of a mammalian hair. Also: the mesodermal tissue that occupies the shaft of a growing feather. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > parts of hair > [noun] pithOE root end1675 shaft1748 medulla1826 stem1845 Henle's layer1850 Henle's sheath1853 epicuticle1949 the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of pen1381 quill?a1425 dowlc1535 rib1545 web1575 pilec1600 twill1664 beard1688 pinion1691 vane1713 shaft1748 beardlet1804 medulla1826 barb1835 barbule1835 stem1845 feather-pulp1859 aftershaft1867 barbicel1869 filament1870 vexillum1871 scape1872 rachis1874 harl1877 calamus1878 radius1882 ramus1882 scapus1882 cilia1884 the world > animals > mammals > [noun] > parts of > (part of) hair clod1678 medulla1826 tat1887 1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) I. 136 The pith or medulla [of hair] appears to be endowed with a species of vitality. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 353/1 When the quill of the feather has acquired due consistence, the internal medulla becomes dried up. 1845 J. C. Prichard Nat. Hist. Man (ed. 2) 95 Weber declares the human hair to consist of a homogeneous substance, in which no distinction of cortex and medulla can be perceived. 1877 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 6 84 The medulla is not always separate from the cortical substance. 1959 W. Andrew Textbk. Compar. Histol. iv. 130 Histologically a hair usually consists of three main parts: cortex, medulla, and cuticle. 1985 C. R. Leeson et al. Textbk. Histol. (ed. 5) x. 301 The medulla forms the loose central axis and consists of two or three layers of shrunken, cornified cuboidal cells. 1987 E. W. Burr Compan. Bird Med. vi. 34/2 A small rachis with a disproportionately small medulla. f. Myelin; the myelin sheath of a nerve. Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > parts of nerves > [noun] > sheath of Schwann neurilemma1825 medulla1839 myelin1866 sheath of Schwann1874 1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 592/2 The real structure of the primitive nerve fibre appears to be a tube composed of homogeneous membrane, containing a delicate, soft, pulpy, semi-fluid, and transparent medulla. 1872 A. Flint Physiol. Man IV. i. 19 These [nerve] fibres..contain, enclosed in a tubular sheath, a soft substance called the medulla. 1893 Philos. Trans. 1892 (Royal Soc.) B. 183 119 The nerves sometimes lose their medulla a considerable distance before they become connected with nerve-cells. g. The ventral nerve cord of certain leeches. Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > division Vermes > [noun] > member of (worm) > nerve cord medulla1878 1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 167 A median one [sc. sinus]..embraces in Clepsine and Piscicola, the alimentary canal and the ventral medulla. h. The endoplasm of a protozoan. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > protozoa > [noun] > member of > parts of > endosarc medulla1888 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 833 The protoplasm is either similar throughout, or it is divisible into an exoplasm (cortex) and endoplasm (medulla). 1994 E. E. Ruppert & R. D. Barnes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 6) ii. 41/1 The body of a heliozoan consists of an outer ectoplasmic sphere, or cortex,..and an inner part of the body, or medulla. 2. Botany. a. The soft internal tissue of a plant or part of a plant; the pith. Also: the central tissue of the thallus of a lichen or fungus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > pith or soft internal tissue marroweOE pitheOE flesh1574 fat1575 pulp1578 medulla1583 brain1601 matrix1633 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke vi. viii. 288 The playnest and simplest waie of making it [sc. a Bolus], is of medulla, cassiæ fistulæ. 1651 ‘A. B.’ tr. L. Lessius Sir Walter Rawleigh's Ghost 96 In the Medulla or marrow of the Plant there is a genital power or vertue. 1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. I. v. vii. 300 The pod [of the guava], opened longitudinally, is found divided into several cells, each containing a certain spungy medulla. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 331 In the fruticulose or foliaceous species [of lichens] the medulla is distinctly floccose. 1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi iii. 58 In other forms the rind is distinguished from the medulla by gelatinous cell walls. 1970 Sci. Jrnl. Mar. 35/1 Peltigera polydactyla..had the advantage that the purely fungal part of the lichen (medulla) could be easily dissected away from the part containing the algal layer. †b. = medullin n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > cellulose medulla1819 cellulose1839 cellulin1843 1819 J. G. Children Ess. Chem. Anal. 298 Medulla was obtained by Dr. John, from the pith of the sunflower. †II. Extended uses. 3. figurative. The essential or central matter of a subject. Also: a compendium, abridgement, or summary. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun] abbreviationa1464 summary1509 breve1523 bridgement1523 abbreviate1531 summulary1533 breviary1547 extract1549 digest1555 brief1563 promptuary1577 abbreviature1578 institute1578 breviation1580 breviate1581 compendiary1589 symbol1594 ramass1596 compendium1608 abridgement1609 digestment1610 digestion1613 epitome1623 abridge1634 comprisal1640 comprisurea1641 syntome1641 medulla1644 multum in parvo1653 contracta1657 landscape1656 comprehension1659 sylloge1686 contraction1697 résumé1782 compend1796 sum-up1848 roundup1884 wrap-up1960 1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A4^v Their youth run ahead into the easie creek of a System or a Medulla, sayls there at will. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub v. 115 An infinite Number of Abstracts, Summaries, Compendiums,..Medulla's..and the like. 1715 R. South 12 Serm. IV. 56 Their preaching Tools, their Medulla's, Notebooks, their Mellificiums, Concordances, and all. ?1764 J. Bush Hibernia Curiosa To Rdr. p. xii The abridgers,..who..engage to furnish you, at a very easy expence, with the medullam of your civil history. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. ix. 233 Now here comes the medulla, the very marrow of my tale. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1425
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