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单词 mart
释义

† Martn.1

Forms: Old English–Middle English Marte, Middle English–1600s Mart.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Mārt-, Mārs.
Etymology: < classical Latin Mārt-, Mārs (see Mars n.1). Compare Mars n.1
Obsolete.
1.
a. Mythology. (The name of) Mars, the ancient Roman god of war.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Mars or Bellona
MarsOE
MartOE
Mavors?1548
Bellonaa1616
OE Prognostics (Tiber.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1908) 120 297 Si fuerit kalendas Januarius die Martis, hiems nobilissima, uer uentuosus, [etc.] : Gif bið dæg martes winter æþelust lænten wind-hladen [etc.].
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) ii. iii. 118 Þæs Sunnandæges nama wæs of þære sunnan, and þæs Monandæges of þ[am] monan, and Tiwesdæges of Marte Iouis sunu.
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2024 Ther were also of Martes deuyssioun The barbour and the bochier and the smyth.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 988 Al esily, now, for the love of Marte..for every thing hath tyme.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 1446 Yren Martes metal ys, Which that god is of bataylle.
a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 58 Sum held he had bene Dedalus,..Sum Martis blaksmyth Wlcanus.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. Proem iii. sig. A2v Triumphant Mart, In loues and gentle iollities arraid.
b. Also as mart. War, battle. Frequently in in equal mart [after classical Latin aequo Mārte, ablative singular (Caesar Gallic War 7.19.3)] : in a fair contest, on equal terms.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > war > [noun]
MarsOE
war1154
warc1374
irona1387
guerre?a1475
Mart?a1475
(the) feat of warc1503
militia1641
sport of kings1735
emergency1958
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 149 (MED) The Scottes..toke to theyme seetes, what thro marte other fauor, nye to the Pictes.
a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. Prol. 516 The horrible sterne dedis of Mart.
1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 45v But if thou long for warre, or yong Iulus seeke By manly Mart to Purchase prayse and giue his foes the gleeke.
1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne vi. xxxvi. 100 These fooles thus vnder foot I tread, That dare contend with me in equall mart.
a1640 P. Massinger Bashful Lover ii. viii. 71 My father (on whose face he durst not look In equal mart).
2. (The name of) the planet Mars.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [noun] > Mars
Marsc1300
Martc1385
red planet1690
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) i. i. 4 Þurh þæne [circul] yrnð seo sunne and se mona and þas steorran Saturnus and Iouis, Martis and Veneris and Mercurius.]
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2021 Yet saugh I brent the shippes hoppesteres, The hunte strangled with the wilde beres..Naught was forgeten by the infortune of Marte.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 1360 Complexion he takth of Marte.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

martn.2

Brit. /mɑːt/, U.S. /mɑrt/, Scottish English /mart/, Irish English /mɑːrt/
Forms: Middle English marte, Middle English martir (perhaps transmission error), Middle English (1800s– historical and English regional (northern)) mart, 1800s mayrt (English regional (northern)), 1800s– mairt (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 mairtt, pre-1700 marte, pre-1700 martt, pre-1700 meart, pre-1700 meirt, pre-1700 merte, pre-1700 mertt, pre-1700 1700s– mart, pre-1700 1800s– mairt, pre-1700 1800s– mert, 1800s märt, 1800s– maert (Shetland); Irish English 1500s–1600s 1900s– mart.
Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) partly a borrowing from Scottish Gaelic. And (iii) partly a borrowing from Irish. Etymons: Latin martus; Scottish Gaelic mart, Irish mart.
Etymology: Either < post-classical Latin martus (1211 onwards in British sources), marta (1308 onwards in British sources) ox or cow fed for slaughter, or its etymons Scottish Gaelic mart cow, and Irish mart carcass of beef, cow < Early Irish mart massacre, victim, butchered animal (especially cow), cow, probably related to marb dead, and thus ultimately < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin morī to die (see morient adj.).With the folk etymology in quot. 1908 at sense 1a, compare Martinmas beef n. at Martinmas n. Compounds 2. The form martir in quot. c1330 at sense 1a is perhaps after martyr n., or perhaps simply shows a transmission error for final -s.
Chiefly English regional (northern), Scottish, and Irish English.
1.
a. An ox or cow fattened for slaughter, esp. one which is subsequently salted or smoked as winter provision. Frequently with modifying word. Also figurative in quot. 1591.Applied both to the living animal and to the carcass after slaughter.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > fattened or bred for slaughter
martc1330
beefing1466
beef1583
beefer1660
beef animal1838
1211 in N. R. Holt Pipe Roll of Bishopric of Winchester (1964) 112 Remanent lxxiiij, unde viij sunt sues, j verres, xxij marti superannati, [etc.].
1307–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 2 In 228 martis emptis..105 li. 17 3/4 d.]
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 454 Martirs [perh. read martis] as it ware Þat husbond men had bouȝt.
1367–8 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. lxxx (MED) De viij li. v s. receptis de xv marts de eodem manerio venditis.
1479 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 33/2 A salt mart.
1489 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 219/1 Þat all..martis mutounes poultre..may cum in to oure souerane lorde.
1501 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. 477 [Stolen:] xiij qwyk martis, iij deid martis.
1573 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 269 xxx martis of salt beif.
1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. i. sig. B4 As for the fed Marts of this warlde, the Lord..hes appoynted them for slaughter.
1608 Edinb. Test. XLIV. f. 23, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Tua tedderit mairt oxin at xx li. the pece.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 51 They..causit kill al togidder thriescoir martis.
1763 Aberdeen Jrnl. 7 Feb. in Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) There are to be sold at the Barn-yard of Udny, several well-fatted Marts fit for slaughter.
1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. V. 411 In the year 1762, a good mart cow was purchased at 15s. sterling, and the whole carcase did not exceed 1d the lb.
1820 W. Scott Monastery I. i. 87 Each family killed a mart, or fat bullock, in November.
1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 135 In a pastoral state of society he [sc. the ox] was of comparatively little use except as a mart—to be eaten.
1908 Daily Chron. 11 Nov. 4/6 In Scotland and the North of England fat oxen are still called marts, a name clearly traceable to Martinmas, which was the recognised season of salting down beeves for winter use.
1957 E. E. Evans Irish Folk Ways vii. 98 Things which were hung from the roof timbers:..sides of bacon and portions of the autumn-killed ox, the mart.
1982 in Eng. World-wide (1983) 4 89 Fetch the best mairt, and kill it.
b. Any other farm animal treated in this way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock > fatted animal (for slaughter)
feddleOE
mart1617
store1620
1617 in W. Fraser Memorials Montgomeries (1859) II. 263 The compter charges him with all the kane cheis..all the kane stirkis..all the mert scheip.
c1800 in S. Sibbald Mem. (1926) 203 Then after we ha' oure Mart, than we ha' stove tatas.
a1814 in J. Ramsay Scotl. & Scotsmen 18th Cent. (1888) II. xv. 535 Goat's flesh was in some measure appropriated, being called the poor man's mart.
1881 W. Gregor Notes Folk-lore N.-E. Scotl. 151 The ‘mairt’ or the pig, that was to be salted, must be killed when the moon was on the increase.
1954 in Sc. National Dict. (1965) (at cited word) A country housewife looking over a litter of pigs might point to one and say ‘That's my mert’, meaning that she had singled it out for rearing and afterwards for home curing for the use of her household.
†2. gen. A slain animal; a carcass. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > [noun] > unhealthy animal > carcass or slain animal
martc1440
buck1592
c1440 (?a1400) Sir Perceval (1930) 207 His modir hase gyffene hym þat darte; Þerwith made he many marte In that wodde-lande.
3. In extended use, of a person.
†a. A corpse. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun]
lichc893
dust?a1000
holdc1000
bonesOE
stiff onea1200
bodyc1225
carrion?c1225
licham?c1225
worms' food or ware?c1225
corsec1250
ashc1275
corpsec1315
carcass1340
murraina1382
relicsa1398
ghostc1400
wormes warec1400
corpusc1440
scadc1440
reliefc1449
martc1480
cadaverc1500
mortc1500
tramort?a1513
hearse1530
bulk1575
offal1581
trunk1594
cadaverie1600
relicts1607
remains1610
mummya1616
relic1636
cold meat1788
mortality1827
death bone1834
deader1853
stiff1859
c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 842 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 53 [He] fand a tre..and syne on It slewit hym-self rycht to þe hart, and offerit to þe fend þat mart.
b. (a) Scottish a fat or idle person; (also) a person who is well off; (b) English regional (northern), a tall person (rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily height > tallness > [noun] > person
mart1722
staup1825
corn-stalk1827
skyscraper1847
skelper1854
tiny1931
lofty1933
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > sloth or laziness > [noun] > lazy person > fat
panguts1617
mart1722
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Diii The ȝoung pepyll..quhen tyme occurris of weir..ar sa..soft, thay pas on hors as hevy martis.]
1722 A. Ramsay Tale Three Bonnets iii. 21 Get up, get up, ye lazy Mart.
1883 in D. Graham Coll. Writings ii. 72 The word ‘mairt’, or ‘mart’, ultimately came to denote a person who lived in ease and prosperity.
1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Ye greet muckle mairt.
1954 Banffshire Jrnl. 24 Aug. 5/5 Siccan a mairt o' an 'uman it has never been my luck tae see.
†4. Rent paid in cattle or beef. Also in plural in same sense. Cf. mailmart n. at mail n.1 Compounds 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > rent (land or real property) > [noun] > paid in produce or livestock > specific
rynmart1433
rynmutton1459
capon1495
mart1520
tack-swine1523
reek hen1540
farm meal1547
reek-poultry1585
reek fowl1592
corn-rate1665
wheat-rent?c1682
nowt-geld1688
farm-dish1713
corn-rent1809
pepper-rent1866
1326 in C. Innes Liber Sancte Marie de Melros (1837) 339 Immunes ab omnimodis martis et aliis talliagiis.]
1520 in W. Fraser Red Bk. Menteith (1880) II. 370 To be..pait..of all males, fermes, gressumys, mertis, mert siluer, irne and all vthir dieweteis..that pertenis..to hir hienes.
1541–2 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland (1621) 227 Which were not..let to ferme for money, but only for porte of corne or marts, or for porte of corne and money.
1689 R. Cox Hibernia Anglicana: Pt. 1 Explan. Index Mart, a yearly Rent in Beef.
1705 tr. J. Ware Inq. conc. Ireland xiii. 33 in tr. J. Ware Antiq. & Hist. Irel. Others also..called Shragh and Mart, partly taken in Money, partly in Cattle or Food, and imposed at the will of the Lord.

Compounds

† mart pudding n. Scottish Obsolete a pudding made from the meat of a mart.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > meat puddings
haggis pudding1545
mart pudding1590
stuckling1825
baby's head1905
steak and kidney1910
roly-poly1922
1590 in C. Innes Black Bk. Taymouth (1855) 301 To the mairtis puddeinis ij lip.
1835 J. Mayne in A. Whitelaw Bk. Sc. Song (1843) 202 Nae howtowdie guttlens—nae mart-puddin' yockins!
† mart-silver n. Scottish Obsolete money paid in lieu of marts given as rent (sense 4).
ΚΠ
1520 in W. Fraser Red Bk. Menteith (1880) II. 370 To be..pait..of all males, fermes, gressumys, mertis, mert siluer, irne and all vthir dieweteis..that pertenis..to hir hienes.
1561 in C. Innes Registrum de Dunfermelyn (1842) 444 Kayne mert silvir extendis be ȝeir to [£427].
1612 Brechin Test. II. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue f. 249 v To my lord marshell maister of the ground for the siluer maill v lib. Mair to him for mart siluer vj. lib. xiij s. 9 d.
1706 Atholl MSS in Sc. National Dict. (1965) (at cited word) I..Grant me to have receaved...The soume of One hundered fyftie four pound Scotts money and that as the Martinmas Martsilver..payable..to Her Majestie.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

martn.3

Brit. /mɑːt/, U.S. /mɑrt/
Forms: late Middle English–1600s marte, late Middle English– mart; Scottish 1800s– mart, 1900s– mairt.
Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Dutch marct, mart.
Etymology: < Middle Dutch marct, mart market n.The word is perhaps attested earlier in the surnames Martwayn (1251) and Marte (a1327).
I. Senses relating to a gathering for trade.
1.
a. A regular gathering of people for the purpose of buying and selling (in early use esp. in the Low Countries); a market or fair. Now archaic and regional.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun]
marketlOE
fair?a1300
marta1450
open market1455
tryst1776
feria1844
rialto1879
mkt.1896
a1450 ( Libel Eng. Policy (Laud) in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 179 And wee to martis of Braban charge d bene Wyth Englyssh clothe.
1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 17 I thinke to goo..To the feste of bruges, To the marte of andwarp To the marte of berow.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxviij/1 At ye free passe marte of this said towne of barowe last passed.
1530 W. Tyndale Pract. Prelates sig. Hivv The Cardinall..lefte nothinge vnprouided to bring the marte from Antwarpe to Cales.
1541 Act. 33 Hen. VIII c. 34 They..shall..hold within the said borough two faires or martes euery yere.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. i. 17 Siracusian Marts and Fayres. View more context for this quotation
1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades 32 To benefit betweene the Mart and the Market.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 288 The Fair or Mart, usually kept in this Place, had been over some Time.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. x. 245 At the time of the mart, whilst the Manila galeon is in the port.
1788 W. Cowper Negro's Compl. 46 By our sufferings, since ye brought us To the man-degrading mart.
1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 309 After Gainsbrough mart in October, until the next mart at Easter, the people in these villages seldom thought of going anywhere.
1875 L. Troubridge Jrnl. 12 May in J. Hope-Nicholson Life amongst Troubridges (1966) 115 Like the Lynn Mart, only with no shows and a great many booths.
1912 G. Cunningham Verse: maistly in Doric 47 Boot Mairtimas time aye clubbit thegither And bocht a bit heifer at ane o' the mairts.
1932 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Sunset Song iii. 146 The streets chock-a-block with sheep, great droves of them, driven in to the weekly mart.
1988 M. Binchy Silver Wedding ix. 248 He went to Mass on a Sunday as regularly as he would go to get petrol, or to the marts to buy sheep.
†b. Any of various international book fairs central to the publishing trade of early modern Europe, including that held twice a year in Frankfurt until 1749. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > annual > specific
mart1606
goose-fair1622
aftermarket1800
Skire Thursday1825
1606 Returne from Pernassus iii. iii Swearing that hee could neuer finde bookes of a true printe since he was last in Ioadna, enquire after the next marte, an i so departes.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 177 Let him reade Buxdorfius and his Bibliotheca Rabbinica, printed this last Mart.
c1620 H. Wotton Let. in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 472 We may expect some Pamphlet the next Mart from Ingolstat, or Collen.
a1639 D. Digges Compl. Ambassador (1655) 273 By certain that returned from Frankfort Mart, I understand that one of the Gentlemen..died.
2. In extended use: something regarded as having the attributes of a market; a place or occasion for dealings or negotiations of any kind.
ΚΠ
1568 T. Drant tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Epigr. & Sentences sig. Avi Beleue this life to be a very marte, Great gaine there is if thou wilt plie a whyle.
1581 W. Allen Apol. Two Eng. Colleges f. 19v Whither what so euer is learned, wise, vertuous, of al the most famous Vniuersities, [etc.].., is recuiled as to a continual mart of al kind of doctrine and prudence.
1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. iii. sig. H3 O world.., Ile leaue thee; farewell mart of woe.
a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) I. 51 The Greec colony of Marseilles, a principal mart of Learning.
1762 O. Goldsmith Life R. Nash 21 To this great mart of every folly, sharpers from every country daily arrived.
1815 J. Scott Visit to Paris ix. 171 Such is the Palais Royal;—a vanity fair—a mart of sin and seduction!
1881 Cent. Mag. Nov. 153/1 Day by day wisdom and reverence are sold at mart.
a1916 J. Payne Way of Winepress (1920) 13 This world a mart of shadows is.
1975 Publishers Weekly 1 Dec. 67/2 Daphne, who's in the society marriage mart.
3.
a. Any public place for buying and selling, as a marketplace, market hall, etc. (now archaic, poetic, and rhetorical in this general use); an auction room (more fully auction mart). Now usually: a shop or stall carrying on trade of a specified kind (as shoe mart, etc.).This latter use is particularly prevalent in the names of retail businesses, esp. in North American usage.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > market-place
cheapc1000
cheaping-placec1175
cheaping?c1225
marketc1275
marketstead1373
marketplace1389
market set1552
trona1572
cross1577
vent1580
mart1593
emptory1656
market space1800
market stance1864
sale-market1883
1593 T. Churchyard Challenge 123 Schollers in scholes, and merchantes in their marts. Can ply their thrift.
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iv. 51 Not content To stale himselfe in all societies, He makes my house here as common as a Mart . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. ii. 74 My charge was but to fetch you from the Mart Home to your house. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. i. 12 You beat me at the Mart . View more context for this quotation
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) iv. 1236 Our lawes for Mammons cursed golde Like as at open mart are bought and solde.
1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 16 The crowded mart, the cultivated plain.
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. i. 221 When breathless in the mart the couriers met.
1831 Mirror 18 435/1 It's goodbye to Wellingtons and Cossacks,..the old Shoe Mart is disposed of.
1844 H. W. Longfellow Nuremberg 14 Fountains..standing in the common mart.
1860 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 23 458 If these two taxes..were to be set up for sale in an auction mart, the one would realize five or six times as much as the other.
1882 P. Fitzgerald Recreat. Lit. Man II. xiii. 35 This [goblet] I had seen in the window of a mart.
1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 19 Jan. 60/3 But what did farmers do? They sent all their ropy cows to F[atstock] M[arketing] C[orporation] and flogged the best in the auction mart.
1971 House & Garden Sept. 26/4 Tile mart. The choicest range of tiles... Visit our Showroom.
1993 Canad. Living Sept. 23/2 The A & P chain, as well as Dominion, Ultra Mart and Miracle Mart..are providing shoppers with ‘affinity’ or ‘loyalty’ cards.
b. A city, region, or locality where items are bought or sold; a centre of trade.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > a centre of commerce > [noun]
staple1436
estaple1550
emporium?1575
empory1600
monopole1602
mart1611
scale1613
market1615
mkt.1896
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xxiii. 3 She is a mart of nations. View more context for this quotation
1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther ii. 64 Industrious of the needle and the chart, They run full sail to their Japonian mart.
1719 W. Wood Surv. Trade (ed. 2) 283 Cadiz, Port St. Mary's, &c., which Places were the Mart of our Manufactures for the Indies.
1764 O. Thacher Sentiments Brit. Amer. 13 Great Britain..is the mart which supplieth the colonies with all the produce of the other countries in Europe.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xii. 108 A..Samian, named Colæus, reached Tartessus, and found, as Herodotus says, a virgin mart.
1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire I. v. 257 They possessed no great cities, no public marts of industry and commerce.
1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1875) I. iv. 61 London, the mart of the merchants.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §5. 386 Antwerp and Bruges were..the general marts of the world.
1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn xv. 200 He learned the valuable secrets of business wherewith the marts of trade build up prosperity for all of us.
1938 O. Nash I'm Stranger here Myself 99 They say cities are only commercial marts.
1992 J. M. Kelly Short Hist. Western Legal Theory iii. 107 The ninth-century abbot..from near Verdun (which was then the great European slave mart, through which..Slav captives were sold into Western Europe)..admonishes Christians to set their slaves at liberty.
†II. Senses relating to the process of trading.
4. Buying and selling; trade; trading. Also: a bargain or transaction (esp. in to make a (also one's) mart; frequently in extended use). Obsolete (archaic and poetic in later use).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [noun]
mongingOE
cheapinga1000
cheapOE
chaffer?c1225
merchandisea1300
market-making1340
merchandyc1350
corseriec1380
chafferinga1382
need-doinga1382
changea1387
chapmanhoodc1386
cossery?a1400
bargaining1401
merchandisinga1425
merchandrya1450
intercourse1473
business1478
chapmanry1483
the feat of merchandisec1503
market1525
trade1549
marting1553
contractation1555
trading1556
merchantryc1560
marketing1561
mart1562
trafficking1570
contraction1582
tract1582
nundination1586
commerce1587
chafferya1599
negotiation1601
intertraffica1603
traffic1603
commercery1604
intertrading1606
correspondence1607
mercature1611
correspondency1613
coss?1635
negotiating1640
dealing1691
chapmanship1727
merchanting1883
intertrade1915
society > trade and finance > [verb (intransitive)]
cheapc1000
chaffer1340
to make (a) market1340
merchandisec1384
merchantc1400
occupy1525
traffic1537
trade1557
to make a (also one's) mart1562
commerce1587
converse1598
negotiate1601
mart1602
intertraffic1603
nundinate1623
deala1627
market1636
correspond1682
to make (out) one's market1714
society > trade and finance > bargaining > bargain over [verb (transitive)]
bargain1483
to make a (also one's) mart1562
to make a (also one's) market of1579
huckster1642
needle1819
Jew1825
pricea1845
1562 J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. in Wks. ii. v. sig. Giiiv He maketh his marts with marchants likely, To bryng a shillyng to .ix. pens quickely.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 716 The lowe Countries, where the Englishe men for the most part, made their martes.
1575 G. Gascoigne Dan Bartholmew in Posies 69 Then mighte you see howe fansie fedde his minde, Then all alone he mused on his marte.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 37 They..maken a Mart of their good name.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xii. 21 Christ could not suffer that the temple should serue for a place of Mart.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. C2v Vengeance pricks me on, When mart is made of faire Religion.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 323 Now I play a marchants part, And venture madly on a desperate Mart . View more context for this quotation
a1618 J. Sylvester tr. G. Fracastoro Maidens Blush (1620) sig. B6v Therefore forthwith one to them let us send, The mart to offer, and the price to make, As of a Slave.
1637 R. Humfrey tr. St. Ambrose Christian Offices i. 118 Places of mart where hee may best vent them.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 226 Rather than..incur his hatred; they oft times condiscend to any mart.
1823 T. Moore Fables Holy Alliance 89 Thy laws, that made a mart of blood, And legaliz'd the assassin's knife.
1876 H. Melville Clarel II. iii. xvi. 374 For pulpiteers which make their mart..Do yet the fine progressive part So jauntily maintain.

Compounds

General attributive.
† mart book n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1553 J. Peele Maner & Fourme Perfecte Reconyng iv. sig. Av Stocke belongyng to me..is for sixe hundred..poundes..and tenne shillynges Flemishe, owyng at this present, to diuerse Creditours there, as appeareth in my last Marte booke.
1628 T. Crosfield Diary 21 June (1935) 25 Thou wast full mindfull to thy bookes to come. The Catalogue of mart bookes thou didst read.
mart day n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > market day
market day?a1425
mart daya1629
sale day1840
a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxxii. 102 That he might..buy Wine and Milk without money,..upon such of the Lords Mart and Market dayes.
1928 ‘P. Grey’ Making of King 5 They br'ak eence a week, on mart days.
† mart time n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1478 R. Cely Let. 28 Oct. in Cely Lett. (1975) 33 I wyll ye com home,..for there schall be no besynese at Caleys thys marte tyme.
1630 P. Massinger Renegado i. i. sig. B2 This Mart time, Wee are allowde free trading.
mart town n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > a centre of commerce > [noun] > trading town
cheaping-townc1175
mart town1549
market town1553
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > trading town
mart town1549
market town1553
society > trade and finance > trading place > a centre of commerce > [noun] > trading town > town having privilege of holding market
market town1449
mart town1736
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > market town
port townc1300
market town1449
mart town1736
bourg1840
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Cor. Argt. f. i Corinthe..was..the moste famouse, and richest marte towne of all Asia.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (1 Cor. v. 9) It [sc. Corinth] was..a most filthy Mart-town of abominable lusts.
1736 F. Drake Eboracum i. vii. 227 That York was formerly the chief emporium, place of trade, or mart-town in the north of England is certain.
1761 London & Environs Described IV. 6 During the Saxon heptarchy, London was..as we are told by Bede, a princely mart-town.
1909 Amer. Hist. Rev. 15 123 The Adventurers constituted a corporate body with officers, laws, and ordinances of their own making and choosing in the general court of the society assembled in the mart town on the Continent.
mart yard n. rare
ΚΠ
1885 T. Mozley Reminisc. Towns (ed. 2) I. xiv. 78 We were all..carried to our old nurse in Mart Yard, the front court of the ‘Old Hall’, where we passed the rest of the night.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

martn.4

Brit. /mɑːt/, U.S. /mɑrt/
Forms: 1500s–1700s mart, 1600s marte, 1600s martt, 1600s mort.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: marque n.1
Etymology: Alteration of marque n.1, perhaps after mart n.3 Compare post-classical Latin marta (a1446 in this sense, in a British source), and contremart n.
Now historical.
letter (also script, writ) of mart n. a government licence authorizing the holder to take reprisals on citizens of a hostile state; (later also) a licence to arm a vessel for the capture of enemy merchant shipping; cf. letter of marque n. at marque n.1 2. Usually in plural. Also attributive in letter(s) of mart man, letter(s) of mart ship.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > operations or manoeuvres > [noun] > authority for reprisal
letter of marque1443
letter of mart1571
society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [noun] > letter or letters patent > letters of reprisal or marque
letter of marque1443
letters (also commission) of reprisal(s)1473
letter (also script, writ) of mart1587
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > ship's papers > [noun] > letters authorizing privateer
letter(s) of marque and reprisal1443
letter (also script, writ) of mart1587
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > piracy > [noun] > privateering > letters of marque
letter of marque1443
letter (also script, writ) of mart1587
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > privateer or pirate ship > [noun] > privateer
Dunkirker1588
Dunkirk1599
she-Dunkirk1623
Dunker1630
privateer?1641
private man of war1646
caper1657
letter(s) of mart ship1695
caperera1698
letter of marque ship1703
letter(s) of mart man1704
letter of marque1768
shaving-mill1781
ship-privateer1799
sea-wolf1884
1571 F. Walsingham Let. 23 Sept. in D. Diggs Compl. Ambassador (1655) 136 Then he shall have a Letter of Mart given him.
1587 R. Greene Penelopes Web sig. E3v Abradas the great Macedonian Pirat thought euery one had a letter of mart that bare sayle in the Ocean.
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxv. 279 With Letters then of Credence for himselfe, and Marte for them, He puts to Sea for England.
a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) ii. 30 You'le spoile the Spaniards, by your writ of Mart.
1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 10 All men of Warre with scripts of Mart that went.
1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 543 Three letters of mart ships are ordered for the West Indies.
1704 London Gaz. No. 4071/3 The Good Alliance,..being taken by a Letter of Mart-Man belonging to this Port.
1726 J. Ker Mem. 153 Letters of Mart were issued to Sundry People, who all went to the East-Indies.
1753 N. Torriano Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat p. xv Thus much by way of Preface to this Translation; after which I shall send it into the World as a Letter of Mart Ship,..hoping that it may meet with some Prize of Approbation.
1768 T. Hull Royal Merchant i. ii. 6 I..read his letters of mart from this state granted, For the recovery of such losses, as He had sustain'd in Spain.
1801 in Naval Documents U.S. Wars Barbary Powers (U.S. Office Naval Rec.) (1939) I. 524 Touching the Adventures and Perils, which we the Assurers, are contented to bear..they are..Letters of Mart, and Counter Mart, Surprisals.
1906 Marine Insurance Act (6 Edward VII, c. 41) 1st Sched. Touching the adventures and perils which we the assurers are contented to bear..: they are of the seas, men of war, fire, enemies, pirates,..letters of mart and countermart.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

martn.5

Brit. /mɑːt/, U.S. /mɑrt/
Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: foumart n.
Etymology: Back-formation < foumart n. Compare marter n.1The formation shows analysis of foumart n. as implying a simplex word ‘mart’ (compare quot. 1714); the final -t of the second element of foumart n. in fact probably shows a specifically low-stress development of Old English mearþ marten (see marter n.1), and thus would be unlikely in a direct continuation of this word.
Chiefly regional. Now rare.
A marten or polecat; esp. the pine marten, Martes martes. Cf. sweet-mart n. at sweet adj. and adv. Compounds 1a and foumart n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Martes (marten)
marter?c1250
mertrick1424
martenc1425
marder1607
martel1607
marten-weasel1607
wejack1692
martlet1693
mart1714
marten-cat1790
1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 170 Foumart, quasi foul Mart, or stinking Mart, in opposition to the Martes which emit a musky Smell.
1801 W. Seward Tour Yordes Cave 9 The Otter fierce, the badger and the mart.
1830 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 28 1 Wolves, hyenas, foxes, marts, and hares.
1885 Bazaar, Exchange & Mart 30 Mar. 1249/3 Wanted, fresh caught badger,..sweet mart, foumart, and otter.
1895 Westm. Gaz. 3 Oct. 2/3 A Mart Hunt [in Westmorland].
1970 New Scientist 16 July 151/1 ‘When foxes is rank, marts is scarce,’ said the old fell farmers.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† martv.

Forms: 1500s–1600s marte, 1500s–1700s mart.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mart n.3
Etymology: < mart n.3 Compare Middle Dutch marcten , marten (Dutch markten ), German markten , German regional (Switzerland) märten to go to market, trade at a market. Compare slightly earlier marting n. N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (māɹt) /mɑːt/.
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To make merchandise of, deal in. Also with out. (In quot. a16162, with sexual connotation.)
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [verb (transitive)]
monga1250
corsec1440
coss14..
merchant1511
chafferc1535
merchandise1538
mart1589
trade1589
broke1598
factor1611
handle1638
commercea1641
chop1645
chaffera1657
job1701
truck1715
to turn in1822
monger1928
society > trade and finance > illegal or immoral trading > trade in (goods) illegally or immorally [verb (transitive)]
to make merchandy ofa1425
to make (a or one's) merchandise1531
mart1589
trade1737
traffic1896
1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) vi. xxix. 129 Let Pesants marte their Marriages, and thriue at peraduenture.
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. i. sig. B3v I had thought my son could not haue straied, So farre from iudgement, as to mart himselfe Thus cheapely, (in the open trade of scorne). View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 63 To sell, and Mart your Offices for Gold To Vndeseruers. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 152 If he shall thinke it fit, A sawcy Stranger in his Court, to Mart As in a Romish Stew, and to expound His beastly minde to vs; he hath a Court He little cares for. View more context for this quotation
1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια xxvi. sig. kv Hereupon the Astrologers doe mart, or vent the effects of the Heavens, and the Stars, [etc.].
1788 A. Seward Lett. (1811) II. 6 Reviewers may be venal without directly marting out their decisions for money.
2. intransitive. To do business at a mart; to bargain or trade.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [verb (intransitive)]
cheapc1000
chaffer1340
to make (a) market1340
merchandisec1384
merchantc1400
occupy1525
traffic1537
trade1557
to make a (also one's) mart1562
commerce1587
converse1598
negotiate1601
mart1602
intertraffic1603
nundinate1623
deala1627
market1636
correspond1682
to make (out) one's market1714
1602 W. Fulbecke Pandectes 72 The Athenians, who had vtterlie secluded them from their Hauens, and from marting with them.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 312 She would, she would not; glad, sad; comes, and goes: And long she martes about a match of woes.
1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 181 Judas is busie marting and chaffering among them.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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