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单词 mese
释义

mesen.1

Forms: Old English meos, Middle English mease, Middle English meose, Middle English mese, Middle English messe; English regional (south-western) 1600s 1800s meese, 1700s–1800s mews, 1800s meece, 1800s meesh, 1800s meoze, 1800s mesh.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch mies (cited as obsolete in Kiliaan), Old High German mios (Middle High German mies , German regional Mies moss, bog; compare German Miesmuschel mussel), Old Icelandic mýrr bog (see mire n.1) < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of moss n.1The word has been noted as the first element of topographical compounds in Old English charter bounds (as mēosdenu, mēoslēah, mēoswiell, etc.), in place names (as Messeleg' (13th cent.; now Mosley, Nottinghamshire), Mesdone (1086; now Meesden, Hertfordshire)) and in Middle English topographical surnames. In these contexts the sense ‘mossy place’ or ‘bog’ attested for some cognates is often assumed, especially in simplex use, as Mess (1086; now Meece, Staffordshire), Meys (1247; now River Mease, Leicestershire–Staffordshire), etc. Eng. Dial. Dict. records the application of the word in modern south-western regional use to lichen as well as moss, and notes the derived adjective meesy in Gloucestershire in the 18th cent. (also in form meshy in Dorset in 19th cent.). N.E.D. (1906) gives the pronunciation as (mīz) /miːz/.
Obsolete. English regional (south-western) in later use.
Moss.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun]
meseeOE
mosslOE
fog1494
moss-fog1805
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. i. 156 Þa brohte him sumne dæl ealdes meoses, þe on þam halgan treo aweaxen wæs.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Deut. (Claud.) xxviii. 42 Ragu & meos fornymð ealle eowres landes wæstmas.
c1330 Sir Orfeo (Auch.) (1966) 248 Þis king mot make his bed in mese.
a1425 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (Pierpont Morgan) f. 187v Þey ben clepid [read cleþid] in meose [a1398 BL Add. mosse] and in rouȝ heriȝ þing.
a1500 (?a1450) Treat. Gardening 42 in Archaeologia (1894) 54 161 (MED) Upon þe clay thu schalt mese layne.
c1639 Berkeley MS in Glouc. Gloss. (E.D.S.) Meese, meesy, i.e. mosse, mossy.
1886 W. Barnes Gloss. Dorset Dial. Meesh, moss.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Mews (múe·z), moss.
1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Mesh (e long), moss or lichen on an old apple-tree.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

mesen.2

Forms: late Middle English mece, late Middle English meesses (plural), late Middle English meis, late Middle English meyse, late Middle English mosse (transmission error), late Middle English myce, late Middle English mys, late Middle English mysse, late Middle English–1500s mes, late Middle English–1600s mees, late Middle English–1700s mease, late Middle English–1700s meese, late Middle English–1700s mese, late Middle English–1700s messe, 1500s meas, 1500s meise, 1500s meisse, 1500s myse, 1600s–1700s mise.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mees.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mees, mes, meis, mis, mise house, estate, farm, messuage, holding (Old French, Middle French mes : see manse n.).
Obsolete.
A piece of land or (occasionally) the dwelling built on it; = messuage n. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > a piece of land > messuage
mese1402
messuagec1405
mese-placea1440
mesestead1546
messuage stead1546
1402 T. Hoccleve Lepistre Cupide (Huntington) l. 334 in Minor Poems (1970) ii. 304 Ne men byreue hir landes ne hir mees.
a1440 Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1940) 55 643 (MED) The whiche mees, for defaute of reparacion, is full ruynus.
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 33 Ij hydys of lond..with the mese where they were wonyd to abide.
1527 in Southwell Visit. (1891) 132 My capitall meas in Ragenhill.
1546 Commissioners County of York (1894) I. 150 j myse buylded lying in Wodhouse.
a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 194 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The eldest can demaund no more then her sisters; but the chiefe mease by reason of her auncienty.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 123 Thou [sc. Aries]..Doo'st hold the First House of Heau'ns spacious Meese [Fr. possedant du Ciel la premiere maison].
1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. vi. iii. 55/2 In the Palace Yard were anciently Pales; within which were two Messes, the one called Paradise, and the other called the Constabulary.
1729 MS Indenture Estate at Crich, co. Derby A messuage..closes thereto belonging, called the meese, furlongs [etc.].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

mesen.3

Brit. /ˈmiːzi/, /ˈmɛzi/, /ˈmɛzeɪ/, U.S. /ˈmizi/, /ˈmɛzi/, /ˈmɛzeɪ/
Forms: also with capital initial.
Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek μέση, μέσος.
Etymology: < ancient Greek μέση middle string of a seven-stringed lyre, highest note of the lower tetrachord, use as noun (short for μέση χορδή : see chord n.1) of the feminine singular of μέσος (see meso- comb. form). Compare classical Latin mesē (Vitruvius), Middle French mese (1572 in the passage translated in quot. 16031), Italian mese (1598 in Florio).
Music.
In ancient Greek music: the highest note of the lower of a pair of tetrachords, identical in some scales with the lowest note of the higher tetrachord (cf. paramese n.). Hence, in the two-octave scale known as the Greater Perfect System: the middle note, which is also the highest note of the second lowest of the four tetrachords.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [noun] > ancient Greek scales > notes of tetrachords
mese1597
proslambanomenos1597
subprincipal1597
hypate1603
nete1603
paramese1603
paranete1603
parhypate1706
penultima1745
1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 198 The lowest string Proslambanomene is called assumed, because it is not accounted for one of any tetrachorde, but was taken in to be a Diapason to the mese or middle string.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 796 The three termes or bounds which make the intervals in an octave or eight, of musicke harmonicall, to wit, Nete, Mese, and Hypate, that is to say, the Treble, the Meane, and the Base.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1252 Thus may a man soone perceive..who plaieth upon a pipe after the old maner: For by his good will, the Hemitone in the Mese, will be incompounded.
1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 68 From the motion of Saturn..the gravest sound in the diapason concord, is called Hypate;..from the middle which is the Sun's motion, the fourth from each part, mese,..from Mars..paramese [etc.].
1761 Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 700 The antients agree in their accounts of the relative pitch of the meses.
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 201/2 In the eight stringed lyre..Paramese took its proper place, next to Mese.
1905 Athenæum 22 July 122/3 The direct descendant of the mese in the old Greek music.
1992 M. L. West Anc. Greek Mus. 219 There is reason to think that Mesē commonly served as a tonal centre.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mesev.

Brit. /miːz/, U.S. /miz/, Scottish English /miz/, /mez/
Forms: Middle English mees, Middle English meese, Middle English– mese; Scottish pre-1700 mais, pre-1700 maise, pre-1700 maiss, pre-1700 meas, pre-1700 meiss, pre-1700 mes, pre-1700 meyis, pre-1700 meys, pre-1700 miess, pre-1700 mise, pre-1700 1700s– mease, pre-1700 1800s meis, pre-1700 1800s meise, 1800s mees, 1800s mese, 1900s– meyse.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: amese v.
Etymology: Aphetic < amese v.
Now Scottish and English regional (northern).
1. transitive. To mitigate, assuage, appease, calm (a person's anger, sorrow, etc.); to settle (a dispute).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > calmness > compose or make calm [verb (transitive)]
softa1225
stilla1325
coolc1330
accoya1375
appeasec1374
attemperc1386
lullc1386
quieta1398
peasea1400
amesec1400
assuagec1400
mesec1400
soberc1430
modify?a1439
establish1477
establish1477
pacify1484
pacify1515
unbrace?1526
settle1530
steady1530
allay1550
calm1559
compromitc1574
restore1582
recollect1587
serenize1598
smooth1604
compose1607
recompose1611
becalm1613
besoothe1614
unprovokea1616
halcyon1616
unstrain1616
leniate1622
tranquillize1623
unperplexa1631
belull1631
sedate1646
unmaze1647
assopiatea1649
serenate1654
serene1654
tranquillify1683
soothe1697
unalarm1722
reserene1755
quietize1791
peacify1845
quieten1853
conjure1856
peace1864
disfever1880
patise1891
de-tension1961
mellow1974
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 764 Wylt þou mese þy mode and menddyng abyde?
a1450 York Plays (1885) 463 (MED) Nowe might þer Jewes þare malise meese.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 1051 (MED) Þe childe with mylde wordes he meesyd.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 20 To mes all thir debatis, jt was ordanyt, yat Rome suld be..souerane kirk.
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) iv. 60 Sum luvis dance vp and doun, To meiss thair malancoly.
a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 104 The nobillis..With fair wordis misit the multitude.
1629 W. Mure True Crucifixe 596 in Wks. (1898) I. 222 Yet did not mease the causeless spight.
1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 138 He should be sindle angry, that has few to mease him.
1862 A. Hislop Prov. Scotl. 107 If you be angry, sit laigh and mease you.
1913 H. P. Cameron tr. Thomas à Kempis Of Imitation of Christ ii. ii. 56 Whan a man laighens hissel for his fauts, he than eithlie meases ithers an' sune satisfees thae wha are wrathy at him.
2. transitive. To calm (wind, tempest, etc.); to quench (fire). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > extinguish (fire) [verb (transitive)]
aquenchc1000
quenchc1175
sleckc1175
slockena1300
bleschea1325
sleckena1340
sleaka1400
asteyntea1450
stancha1450
mesec1480
slockc1480
extinct1483
redd1487
to put outa1500
out-quencha1522
squench1535
extinguish1551
out1629
smoor1721
douse1842
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > assuage or calm > specific natural elements
laya1300
mesec1480
allay1493
c1480 (a1400) St. Andrew 62 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 65 Swyth þe gret fyre can he mes.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iii. ii. 2 The blastis mesit, and the fluidis stabill.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. xxiii. 227 Þe noyes..was sum parte mesit.
?1590–1 J. Burel Passage of Pilgremer ii, in Poems sig. O4 I saw gret Seis, Quhois michtie force, Neptun dois meis, As Dominator thair.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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