Mesembryanthemumn.

Brit.

/mᵻˌzɛmbrɪˈanθᵻməm/, U.S.

/ˈˌmɛzˌɛmbriˈænθəməm/

Forms: 1700s– Mesembryanthemum, 1900s– Mesembrianthemum. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Mesembryanthemum.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Mesembryanthemum (J. J. Dillenius Catalogus Plantarum sponte circa Gissam Nascentium (1719) App. 148) < ancient Greek μέσος middle (see meso- comb. form) + ἔμβρυον rudimentary fruit, ovary (see embryon n. and adj.) + ἄνθεμον flower (cognate with ἄνθος : see anthos n.).The name of the genus was originally Mesembrianthemum (J. Breyne 1684) < ancient Greek μεσημβρία noon + ἄνθεμον flower, so named because the species then known flowered at noon. The form of the name was changed by Dillenius (with the etymology above explicitly stated) on the discovery that some species flowered at night. Ancient Greek μεσημβρία is < (Doric) μέσον ἆμαρ ( < μέσον , neuter singular of μέσος (see meso- comb. form) + ἆμαρ day, related to ἡμέρα hemera n.¹) + -ία -ia suffix¹, with insertion of epenthetic -β- and change of vowel after (Attic) ἡμέρα. N.E.D. (1906) gives the alternative pronunciation (mese·mbriæ·nþĭ-mɒ̆m) /mɛˌsɛmbrɪˈænθɪməm/.

Botany.

A genus of succulent plants of the family Aizoaceae, which (as presently understood) comprises numerous species native to southern Africa including the ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum; (also mesembryanthemum) a plant belonging to or formerly included in this genus, typically having colourful daisy-like flowers composed of petaloid staminodes, esp. one grown for ornament.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 480.Many of the plants originally included in the genus Mesembryanthemum were later transferred to other genera, such as Lampranthus, Dorotheanthus, and Ruschia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Mesembriaccae (fig-marigold and allies) > [noun]

fig-marigold1731

ficoid1736

ficoides1753

Mesembryanthemum1824

fir-marigold1834

ficoidal1846

noon-flower1856

fox-chop1866

mesem1928

vygie1931

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Mesembryanthemum, in botany, the name by which Dillenius, Linnæus, and others, have called the plants usually named Ficoides.

1777 Philos. Trans. 1776 (Royal Soc.) 66 306 We..were surprized to find all the plants entirely new to us. They were the greatest part of the succulent kind; viz. mesembryanthemum, euphorbia, and stapelia.

1795 C. R. Hopson tr. C. P. Thunberg Trav. (ed. 2) II. 35 The field was here of the Carrow kind, and the sheep were said to feed on those succulent plants, the Mesembryanthemums (vygebosches).

1824 J. C. Loudon Green-house Compan. i. 105 Mesembryanthemums require it [sc. water] chiefly when they are in flower.

1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §881 The seed-vessels of some species of Mesembryanthemum..have the property of expanding in a star-like manner when put into water.

1884 R. C. Praed Zéro xxi Grey walls were ablaze with mesembryanthemum.

1902 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 5) 233 Mesembryanthemum (Fig Marigold,..Tiger Chop, Fox Chop, Mouse Chop, Weasle Chop).

1926 A. H. Hamer Wild Flowers Cape 11 Many flowers have what may be called a ‘general orientation’, as, for example,..mesembrianthemums, which open flat under the sun.

1954 ‘R. Crompton’ William & Moon Rocket viii. 221 Pulling up all my precious mesembrianthemum seedlings!

1963 R. D. Meikle Garden Flowers 190 Although several ‘Mesembryanthemums’ are hardy enough to thrive without protection in Cornwall..,only two..can be recommended for general cultivation outdoors in Britain.

1971 R. S. R. Fitter Finding Wild Flowers 103 Mesembryanthemum, Kaffir Fig or Hottentot Fig Carpobrotus edulis..is a garden escape in SW. England.

1993 Which? May 26/3 Bedding plants are especially susceptible to drought but you can try ones like..mesembryanthemum (Livingstone daisy), nicotiana, [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mesembryanthemum
释义	Mesembryanthemumn. Brit. /mᵻˌzɛmbrɪˈanθᵻməm/, U.S. /ˈˌmɛzˌɛmbriˈænθəməm/ Forms: 1700s– Mesembryanthemum, 1900s– Mesembrianthemum. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Mesembryanthemum. Etymology: < scientific Latin Mesembryanthemum (J. J. Dillenius Catalogus Plantarum sponte circa Gissam Nascentium (1719) App. 148) < ancient Greek μέσος middle (see meso- comb. form) + ἔμβρυον rudimentary fruit, ovary (see embryon n. and adj.) + ἄνθεμον flower (cognate with ἄνθος : see anthos n.).The name of the genus was originally Mesembrianthemum (J. Breyne 1684) < ancient Greek μεσημβρία noon + ἄνθεμον flower, so named because the species then known flowered at noon. The form of the name was changed by Dillenius (with the etymology above explicitly stated) on the discovery that some species flowered at night. Ancient Greek μεσημβρία is < (Doric) μέσον ἆμαρ ( < μέσον , neuter singular of μέσος (see meso- comb. form) + ἆμαρ day, related to ἡμέρα hemera n.¹) + -ία -ia suffix¹, with insertion of epenthetic -β- and change of vowel after (Attic) ἡμέρα. N.E.D. (1906) gives the alternative pronunciation (mese·mbriæ·nþĭ-mɒ̆m) /mɛˌsɛmbrɪˈænθɪməm/. Botany. A genus of succulent plants of the family Aizoaceae, which (as presently understood) comprises numerous species native to southern Africa including the ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum; (also mesembryanthemum) a plant belonging to or formerly included in this genus, typically having colourful daisy-like flowers composed of petaloid staminodes, esp. one grown for ornament.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 480.Many of the plants originally included in the genus Mesembryanthemum were later transferred to other genera, such as Lampranthus, Dorotheanthus, and Ruschia. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Mesembriaccae (fig-marigold and allies) > [noun] fig-marigold1731 ficoid1736 ficoides1753 Mesembryanthemum1824 fir-marigold1834 ficoidal1846 noon-flower1856 fox-chop1866 mesem1928 vygie1931 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Mesembryanthemum, in botany, the name by which Dillenius, Linnæus, and others, have called the plants usually named Ficoides. 1777 Philos. Trans. 1776 (Royal Soc.) 66 306 We..were surprized to find all the plants entirely new to us. They were the greatest part of the succulent kind; viz. mesembryanthemum, euphorbia, and stapelia. 1795 C. R. Hopson tr. C. P. Thunberg Trav. (ed. 2) II. 35 The field was here of the Carrow kind, and the sheep were said to feed on those succulent plants, the Mesembryanthemums (vygebosches). 1824 J. C. Loudon Green-house Compan. i. 105 Mesembryanthemums require it [sc. water] chiefly when they are in flower. 1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §881 The seed-vessels of some species of Mesembryanthemum..have the property of expanding in a star-like manner when put into water. 1884 R. C. Praed Zéro xxi Grey walls were ablaze with mesembryanthemum. 1902 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 5) 233 Mesembryanthemum (Fig Marigold,..Tiger Chop, Fox Chop, Mouse Chop, Weasle Chop). 1926 A. H. Hamer Wild Flowers Cape 11 Many flowers have what may be called a ‘general orientation’, as, for example,..mesembrianthemums, which open flat under the sun. 1954 ‘R. Crompton’ William & Moon Rocket viii. 221 Pulling up all my precious mesembrianthemum seedlings! 1963 R. D. Meikle Garden Flowers 190 Although several ‘Mesembryanthemums’ are hardy enough to thrive without protection in Cornwall..,only two..can be recommended for general cultivation outdoors in Britain. 1971 R. S. R. Fitter Finding Wild Flowers 103 Mesembryanthemum, Kaffir Fig or Hottentot Fig Carpobrotus edulis..is a garden escape in SW. England. 1993 Which? May 26/3 Bedding plants are especially susceptible to drought but you can try ones like..mesembryanthemum (Livingstone daisy), nicotiana, [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1753
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