mephiticadj.n.

Brit.

/mᵻˈfɪtɪk/, U.S.

/məˈfɪdɪk/

Forms: 1600s mephitick, 1600s mephiticke, 1700s– mephitic.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Or perhaps (iii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French méphitique ; Latin mephiticus ; mephitis n., -ic suffix.

Etymology: Either < French méphitique (1564 in Middle French as méphiticque ) or its etymon post-classical Latin mefiticus, mephiticus (5th cent.) < classical Latin mefītis , mephītis mephitis n. + -icus -ic suffix, or perhaps independently < mephitis n. + -ic suffix (although the noun is first attested slightly later). Compare Italian mefitico (1499), Portuguese mefítico (1813), Spanish mefítico (1843).

A. adj.

Esp. of a gas or vapour: offensive to the smell, foul-smelling; noxious, poisonous, pestilential. Also figurative. Now archaic and literary.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective]

atternc950

atteryc1000

venomousc1330

atteringc1400

poisonous1425

venenousc1425

malice1447

toxicatec1475

poisonable?a1505

empoisoning1526

venomful1544

poisonful1547

poisoning1561

infectious1585

poisonsome1590

banefula1593

poisony1605

toxical1607

aconic1623

mephitic1623

intoxicative1632

venefic1646

toxic1664

venene1665

venenose1673

virose1680

mephitical1704

venefical1716

septinous1875

virific1885

nocuous1890

biocidal1932

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > other spec.

sulphureousa1552

sulphured1605

sulphurous1606

sulphury1614

mephitic1623

nidorulent1634

empyreumatic1651

nidorous1651

Stymphalian1653

hircine1656

nitrosulphureous1656

empyreumatical1661

nitro-sulphurious1693

mephitical1704

nidorose1707

nitro-sulphurous1717

empyreumatized1829

onionized1830

Stymphalid1831

hircinous1866

the world > matter > gas > [adjective] > of the nature of fumes or vapour > of or relating to or of nature of noxious vapour

dampish1577

dampy1600

mephitic1623

damp1637

mephitical1704

mephitized1794

miasmic1822

miasmal1832

miasmatic1835

miasmatical1855

miasmatous1861

miasmous1884

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [adjective] > bad air > specific

smoky1398

mephitic1623

damp1637

mephitical1704

mephitized1794

moted1821

ozoneless1887

motey1893

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Mephiticke, stinking.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Mephitick, stinking, dampish, as the stink, or ill savour of the earth.

1766 Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 219 This mephitic exhalation I, long ago, discovered to be a particular kind of air, or permanently elastic fluid.

1774 P. Brydone Tour Sicily & Malta (ed. 2) I. xi. 250 So mephitic a vapour, that..birds were suffocated in flying over it.

1826 Lancet 18 Mar. 823/2 When the lamp of science has been introduced into this mephitic vault, it has been instantly extinguished.

1828 H. D. Best Italy 398 The Grotta del Cane is a hole in the side of a hill, where a mephitic vapour issues from the ground.

1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. xiii. 253 ‘Cause enough, I don't doubt,’ he said, and cited the mephitic letter.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 393 Hallucinations of smell are also offensive. Patients complain of mephitic fumes,..chloroform and other volatile poisons.

1920 T. S. Eliot Ara Vos Prec 30 Subterrene laughter synchronous With silence from the sacred wood And bubbling of the uninspired Mephitic river.

1958 L. Durrell Balthazar iv. 85 They both held their breath and did not speak as they traversed this last mephitic barrier.

1992 A. Kurzweil Case of Curiosities xix. 133 He saw batiste handkerchiefs and torn rags cover faces of pedestrians passing the mephitic stench of a parish burial ground.

†B. n.

Mephitic gas or vapour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas

reekeOE

air?c1225

damp1480

mephitis1625

smoke1648

effluvium1656

fume1665

miasma1665

mephitic1802

1802 J. Skene Diary 15 Sept. in Ital. Journey (1937) 3 [In addition to] the effluvia of pitch and bilge water..we have a copious doze of mephitic playing about our nostrils.

1828 H. D. Best Italy 399 Other spiracles of mephitic might probably be found here.

Compounds

mephitic acid n. Chemistry (now historical) carbon dioxide; carbonic acid.

ΚΠ

1775 W. Bewly in J. Priestley Exper. & Observ. Air II. App. i. 339 The Mephitic Acid, as I shall already venture to call it.

1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) I. 342 We give the name of the carbonic acid to an acid..which appearing often in the state of an aeriform fluid, was at first called by the English fixed air; afterwards by Messrs Bewly and de Morveau the mephitic acid.

1962 M. P. Crosland Hist. Stud. Lang. Chem. iv. 161 His [sc. Guyton's] idea of the relative unimportance of ‘mephitic acid’, however, led to the inconsistency of the expression cuivre méphitisé, instead of méphite de cuivre.

mephitic air n. Chemistry (now historical) any of several gases regarded as noxious, esp. in being unable to support life; esp. carbon dioxide.

ΚΠ

1766 W. Brownrigg in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 234 Both of them [sc. mice], after they had been in the mephitic air a few moments, fell down motionless, and were taken out dead.

1811 Statist. Acct. Towns & Parishes (Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci.) 5 No accidents by damps, or mephitic air, are remembered here.

1851 Debow's Rev. Aug. 194 Looking at a negro asleep, breathing the mephitic air called carbonic acid gas, manufactured in his own lungs.

1859 E. G. Storke Domest. & Rural Affairs 107 Vital air, or oxygen,..forms one-fourth of the atmosphere... The remaining three-fourths, called azote or mephitic air, is totally incapable of supporting combustion.

1907 G. S. Newth Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 12) ii. iv. 229 Nitrogen was discovered by Rutherford in 1772... He called the gas mephitic air.

1988 Rev. in Amer. Hist. 16 165 Under the heading of ‘The Starvation of Life’ Mumford enumerates the sins of Economic Man: adulterated food, mephitic air, lack of light, [etc.].

† mephitic gas n. [after French gaz méphitique (P. J. Macquer Dict. de Chim. (ed. 2, 1778) I. 556)] Chemistry Obsolete = mephitic acid n.

ΚΠ

1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 109 New Names: Gas, carbonic acid... Ancient Names. Fixed air, of Dr. Black. Hales's solid air... Mephitic gas.

1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 250 The affinity which this mephitic gaz has for oxygene.

1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 212 This mephitic gas.

1847 Debow's Rev. Apr. 304 Sir Humphrey Davy discovered the peculiarity belonging to mephitic gas, after a long series of labors.

† mephitic weasel n. Obsolete rare the skunk, Mephitis mephitis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mephitis (skunk)

polecat1605

skunk1634

huffer1729

skunk weasel1771

mouffette1774

stinking polecat1791

mephitic weasel1827

essence-peddler1838

zorrino1885

skunklet1888

wood-pussy1899

1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom V. 127 American Mephitic Weasel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mephitic
释义	mephiticadj.n. Brit. /mᵻˈfɪtɪk/, U.S. /məˈfɪdɪk/ Forms: 1600s mephitick, 1600s mephiticke, 1700s– mephitic. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Or perhaps (iii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French méphitique ; Latin mephiticus ; mephitis n., -ic suffix. Etymology: Either < French méphitique (1564 in Middle French as méphiticque ) or its etymon post-classical Latin mefiticus, mephiticus (5th cent.) < classical Latin mefītis , mephītis mephitis n. + -icus -ic suffix, or perhaps independently < mephitis n. + -ic suffix (although the noun is first attested slightly later). Compare Italian mefitico (1499), Portuguese mefítico (1813), Spanish mefítico (1843). A. adj. Esp. of a gas or vapour: offensive to the smell, foul-smelling; noxious, poisonous, pestilential. Also figurative. Now archaic and literary. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] atternc950 atteryc1000 venomousc1330 atteringc1400 poisonous1425 venenousc1425 malice1447 toxicatec1475 poisonable?a1505 empoisoning1526 venomful1544 poisonful1547 poisoning1561 infectious1585 poisonsome1590 banefula1593 poisony1605 toxical1607 aconic1623 mephitic1623 intoxicative1632 venefic1646 toxic1664 venene1665 venenose1673 virose1680 mephitical1704 venefical1716 septinous1875 virific1885 nocuous1890 biocidal1932 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > other spec. sulphureousa1552 sulphured1605 sulphurous1606 sulphury1614 mephitic1623 nidorulent1634 empyreumatic1651 nidorous1651 Stymphalian1653 hircine1656 nitrosulphureous1656 empyreumatical1661 nitro-sulphurious1693 mephitical1704 nidorose1707 nitro-sulphurous1717 empyreumatized1829 onionized1830 Stymphalid1831 hircinous1866 the world > matter > gas > [adjective] > of the nature of fumes or vapour > of or relating to or of nature of noxious vapour dampish1577 dampy1600 mephitic1623 damp1637 mephitical1704 mephitized1794 miasmic1822 miasmal1832 miasmatic1835 miasmatical1855 miasmatous1861 miasmous1884 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [adjective] > bad air > specific smoky1398 mephitic1623 damp1637 mephitical1704 mephitized1794 moted1821 ozoneless1887 motey1893 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Mephiticke, stinking. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Mephitick, stinking, dampish, as the stink, or ill savour of the earth. 1766 Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 219 This mephitic exhalation I, long ago, discovered to be a particular kind of air, or permanently elastic fluid. 1774 P. Brydone Tour Sicily & Malta (ed. 2) I. xi. 250 So mephitic a vapour, that..birds were suffocated in flying over it. 1826 Lancet 18 Mar. 823/2 When the lamp of science has been introduced into this mephitic vault, it has been instantly extinguished. 1828 H. D. Best Italy 398 The Grotta del Cane is a hole in the side of a hill, where a mephitic vapour issues from the ground. 1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. xiii. 253 ‘Cause enough, I don't doubt,’ he said, and cited the mephitic letter. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 393 Hallucinations of smell are also offensive. Patients complain of mephitic fumes,..chloroform and other volatile poisons. 1920 T. S. Eliot Ara Vos Prec 30 Subterrene laughter synchronous With silence from the sacred wood And bubbling of the uninspired Mephitic river. 1958 L. Durrell Balthazar iv. 85 They both held their breath and did not speak as they traversed this last mephitic barrier. 1992 A. Kurzweil Case of Curiosities xix. 133 He saw batiste handkerchiefs and torn rags cover faces of pedestrians passing the mephitic stench of a parish burial ground. †B. n. Mephitic gas or vapour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas reekeOE air?c1225 damp1480 mephitis1625 smoke1648 effluvium1656 fume1665 miasma1665 mephitic1802 1802 J. Skene Diary 15 Sept. in Ital. Journey (1937) 3 [In addition to] the effluvia of pitch and bilge water..we have a copious doze of mephitic playing about our nostrils. 1828 H. D. Best Italy 399 Other spiracles of mephitic might probably be found here. Compounds mephitic acid n. Chemistry (now historical) carbon dioxide; carbonic acid. ΚΠ 1775 W. Bewly in J. Priestley Exper. & Observ. Air II. App. i. 339 The Mephitic Acid, as I shall already venture to call it. 1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) I. 342 We give the name of the carbonic acid to an acid..which appearing often in the state of an aeriform fluid, was at first called by the English fixed air; afterwards by Messrs Bewly and de Morveau the mephitic acid. 1962 M. P. Crosland Hist. Stud. Lang. Chem. iv. 161 His [sc. Guyton's] idea of the relative unimportance of ‘mephitic acid’, however, led to the inconsistency of the expression cuivre méphitisé, instead of méphite de cuivre. mephitic air n. Chemistry (now historical) any of several gases regarded as noxious, esp. in being unable to support life; esp. carbon dioxide. ΚΠ 1766 W. Brownrigg in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 234 Both of them [sc. mice], after they had been in the mephitic air a few moments, fell down motionless, and were taken out dead. 1811 Statist. Acct. Towns & Parishes (Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci.) 5 No accidents by damps, or mephitic air, are remembered here. 1851 Debow's Rev. Aug. 194 Looking at a negro asleep, breathing the mephitic air called carbonic acid gas, manufactured in his own lungs. 1859 E. G. Storke Domest. & Rural Affairs 107 Vital air, or oxygen,..forms one-fourth of the atmosphere... The remaining three-fourths, called azote or mephitic air, is totally incapable of supporting combustion. 1907 G. S. Newth Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 12) ii. iv. 229 Nitrogen was discovered by Rutherford in 1772... He called the gas mephitic air. 1988 Rev. in Amer. Hist. 16 165 Under the heading of ‘The Starvation of Life’ Mumford enumerates the sins of Economic Man: adulterated food, mephitic air, lack of light, [etc.]. † mephitic gas n. [after French gaz méphitique (P. J. Macquer Dict. de Chim. (ed. 2, 1778) I. 556)] Chemistry Obsolete = mephitic acid n. ΚΠ 1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 109 New Names: Gas, carbonic acid... Ancient Names. Fixed air, of Dr. Black. Hales's solid air... Mephitic gas. 1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 250 The affinity which this mephitic gaz has for oxygene. 1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 212 This mephitic gas. 1847 Debow's Rev. Apr. 304 Sir Humphrey Davy discovered the peculiarity belonging to mephitic gas, after a long series of labors. † mephitic weasel n. Obsolete rare the skunk, Mephitis mephitis. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mephitis (skunk) polecat1605 skunk1634 huffer1729 skunk weasel1771 mouffette1774 stinking polecat1791 mephitic weasel1827 essence-peddler1838 zorrino1885 skunklet1888 wood-pussy1899 1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom V. 127 American Mephitic Weasel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1623
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