Messeniann.adj.

Brit.

/mɛˈsiːnɪən/,

/məˈsiːnɪən/, U.S.

/məˈsiniən/

Forms: 1500s Mecenian, 1500s– Messenian.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Messēnius ; Greek Μεσσήνιος ; -an suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin Messēnius and its etymon ancient Greek Μεσσήνιος of or belonging to Messenia, a native of Messenia ( < classical Latin Messēnia, ancient Greek Μεσσηνία, the name of a region in the south-west Peloponnese) + -an suffix.Old English Messene and Mesiane occur as ethnonyms denoting the Messenians in the Old English translation of Orosius Hist.

A. n.

1. A native or inhabitant of (esp. ancient) Messenia, a region in the south-west Peloponnese in Greece, bordered to the east by Laconia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Greeks > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Greece > parts of

Peloponnesianc1487

Athenian1526

Messenian?1529

Marathonian1797

Suliote1812

Moreot1838

?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman i. xiv. sig. Q^v The great warre betwene the Lacedemonians & Mecenians for the maydens taken away.

1561 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) sig. Uviii Tirteus, The Lacedemonians being enemies to y^e Messenians.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 674 The Lacedæmonians brake of from this general peace, and..made warre, in hope to recouer the Messenians contrie.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. 936 But the Messenians..sent the embassadors away.

1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida iv. i. 3 The fair sister to The vext Messenian.

1723 H. Rowlands Mona Antiqua Restaurata ii. 315 The Argians, the Arcadians and the Messenians; each of these took up new Names to their Dialects.

1790 A. Smith Theory Moral Sentiments (ed. 6) ii. vii. §ii. i. 243 The gallant Philopœmen suffered himself to be taken prisoner by the Messenians.

1794 T. Taylor tr. Pausanias Descr. Greece I. iv. iv. 346 A disagreement, for the first time, took place between the Messenians and Lacedæmonians.

1826 Kaleidoscope 14 Feb. 261/2 Ephemerus, the Messenian, advanced this paradoxical opinion.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 610/1 Under Alcamenes and Theopompus a war broke out between the Spartans and the Messenians, their neighbours on the west.

1976 Classical Q. New Ser. 26 256 In exchange she kept asking for the return of Pylos, or at least the evacuation of its garrison of Messenians and helots.

2. The dialect of ancient Greek spoken in Messenia.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Greek > Greek dialects

common dialect1604

Aeolic1606

Ionic1606

Ionic dialect1629

Athenian1638

Theban1820

Laconian1830

Doric1837

Rumelian1859

Pamphylian1880

Tsakonian1902

Pontic1910

Thessalian1910

koine1913

Messenian1928

Macedonian1933

Mycenaean1955

1928 C. D. Buck Introd. Study Greek Dial. 11 Messenian. There is scarcely any material until a late period, when the dialect is no longer pure.

1955 C. D. Buck Greek Dial. 12 Messenian. Most of the material is late and with considerable κοινή mixture.

1972 A. Bartoněk Classif. West Greek Dial. 91 In principle..Messenian produces the impression of representing an archaic form of Laconian.

B. adj.

Of or relating to Messenia, the ancient Messenians, or their dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective] > regions of Greece

Macedonc1450

Olympian1523

Ionian?1556

Macedonian1556

Achaean1567

Peloponnesian1569

Molossian1587

Thessalian1594

Thracian1594

Olympic1597

Argive1598

Attic1599

isthmian1603

Pharsalian1605

Aonian1607

Attical1610

Phocian1614

Messenianc1615

Marathonian1623

Bœotic1851

Athoan1869

Thraco-Illyrian1931

Athonite1963

c1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses xxi. 320 Vlysses claim'd a debt: To whose pay, were The whole Messenian people bound.

1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 79 He redeemed some captive Messenian virgins.

1739 R. Glover London 19 (note) When the Spartans were greatly distress'd in the Messenian war, they applied to the Athenians for a general, who sent them the poet Tyrtæus.

1830 W. M. Leake Trav. Morea I. 366 Andhrússa..is advantageously situated, overlooking the rich Messenian plain.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 524/1 After the close of the Messenian wars, the people were able to bestow their attention upon the arts of peace.

1958 R. Liddell Morea ii. 95 Currants from the rich Messenian vineyards lay everywhere.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VI. 822/3 Many modern historians believe that there were only two early Messenian wars; the first (c. 735–c. 715) was the Spartan conquest of Messenia; but a Messenian revolt precipitated a second war, in which the Spartans were ultimately successful.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	messenian
释义	Messeniann.adj. Brit. /mɛˈsiːnɪən/, /məˈsiːnɪən/, U.S. /məˈsiniən/ Forms: 1500s Mecenian, 1500s– Messenian. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Messēnius ; Greek Μεσσήνιος ; -an suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin Messēnius and its etymon ancient Greek Μεσσήνιος of or belonging to Messenia, a native of Messenia ( < classical Latin Messēnia, ancient Greek Μεσσηνία, the name of a region in the south-west Peloponnese) + -an suffix.Old English Messene and Mesiane occur as ethnonyms denoting the Messenians in the Old English translation of Orosius Hist. A. n. 1. A native or inhabitant of (esp. ancient) Messenia, a region in the south-west Peloponnese in Greece, bordered to the east by Laconia. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Greeks > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Greece > parts of Peloponnesianc1487 Athenian1526 Messenian?1529 Marathonian1797 Suliote1812 Moreot1838 ?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman i. xiv. sig. Q^v The great warre betwene the Lacedemonians & Mecenians for the maydens taken away. 1561 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) sig. Uviii Tirteus, The Lacedemonians being enemies to y^e Messenians. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 674 The Lacedæmonians brake of from this general peace, and..made warre, in hope to recouer the Messenians contrie. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. 936 But the Messenians..sent the embassadors away. 1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida iv. i. 3 The fair sister to The vext Messenian. 1723 H. Rowlands Mona Antiqua Restaurata ii. 315 The Argians, the Arcadians and the Messenians; each of these took up new Names to their Dialects. 1790 A. Smith Theory Moral Sentiments (ed. 6) ii. vii. §ii. i. 243 The gallant Philopœmen suffered himself to be taken prisoner by the Messenians. 1794 T. Taylor tr. Pausanias Descr. Greece I. iv. iv. 346 A disagreement, for the first time, took place between the Messenians and Lacedæmonians. 1826 Kaleidoscope 14 Feb. 261/2 Ephemerus, the Messenian, advanced this paradoxical opinion. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 610/1 Under Alcamenes and Theopompus a war broke out between the Spartans and the Messenians, their neighbours on the west. 1976 Classical Q. New Ser. 26 256 In exchange she kept asking for the return of Pylos, or at least the evacuation of its garrison of Messenians and helots. 2. The dialect of ancient Greek spoken in Messenia. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Greek > Greek dialects common dialect1604 Aeolic1606 Ionic1606 Ionic dialect1629 Athenian1638 Theban1820 Laconian1830 Doric1837 Rumelian1859 Pamphylian1880 Tsakonian1902 Pontic1910 Thessalian1910 koine1913 Messenian1928 Macedonian1933 Mycenaean1955 1928 C. D. Buck Introd. Study Greek Dial. 11 Messenian. There is scarcely any material until a late period, when the dialect is no longer pure. 1955 C. D. Buck Greek Dial. 12 Messenian. Most of the material is late and with considerable κοινή mixture. 1972 A. Bartoněk Classif. West Greek Dial. 91 In principle..Messenian produces the impression of representing an archaic form of Laconian. B. adj. Of or relating to Messenia, the ancient Messenians, or their dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective] > regions of Greece Macedonc1450 Olympian1523 Ionian?1556 Macedonian1556 Achaean1567 Peloponnesian1569 Molossian1587 Thessalian1594 Thracian1594 Olympic1597 Argive1598 Attic1599 isthmian1603 Pharsalian1605 Aonian1607 Attical1610 Phocian1614 Messenianc1615 Marathonian1623 Bœotic1851 Athoan1869 Thraco-Illyrian1931 Athonite1963 c1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses xxi. 320 Vlysses claim'd a debt: To whose pay, were The whole Messenian people bound. 1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 79 He redeemed some captive Messenian virgins. 1739 R. Glover London 19 (note) When the Spartans were greatly distress'd in the Messenian war, they applied to the Athenians for a general, who sent them the poet Tyrtæus. 1830 W. M. Leake Trav. Morea I. 366 Andhrússa..is advantageously situated, overlooking the rich Messenian plain. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 524/1 After the close of the Messenian wars, the people were able to bestow their attention upon the arts of peace. 1958 R. Liddell Morea ii. 95 Currants from the rich Messenian vineyards lay everywhere. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VI. 822/3 Many modern historians believe that there were only two early Messenian wars; the first (c. 735–c. 715) was the Spartan conquest of Messenia; but a Messenian revolt precipitated a second war, in which the Spartans were ultimately successful. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.?1529
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