Mercy seatn.

Brit.

/ˈməːsɪ siːt/, U.S.

/ˈmərsi ˌsit/

Forms: see mercy n. and int. and seat n. also with lower-case initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: mercy n., seat n.

Etymology: < mercy n. + seat n., after German Gnadenstuhl (16th cent. in Luther; < Gnade mercy, favour, grace + Stuhl stool n.). The German word renders Hebrew kappōreṯ (corresponding to Hellenistic Greek ἱλαστήριον in the Septuagint, post-classical Latin propitiatorium in the Vulgate). In his earlier New Testament translation (1526), Tyndale has ‘the seate off grace’ (Hebrews 9:5), again after Luther's Gnadenstuhl; all versions of the Wycliffite Bible have propitiatory n. in both Exodus and Hebrews. Compare mercy stock n., mercy stool n., mercy table n. at mercy n. and int. Compounds 1b.With throne of mercy in quot. 1992 at sense 1 compare German Gnadenthron (16th cent. in Luther).

1. Theology. The lid of gold, decorated with two winged cherubim, covering the Ark of the Covenant, upon which God is said to have been enthroned, and taken as representing the divine presence in the world; (hence) the throne of God in heaven. Cf. propitiatory n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > furniture > Ark of the Covenant > [noun] > covering for

tabernaclea1325

propitiatorya1382

Mercy seat1530

the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [noun] > throne of God

cherubc825

thronec1225

sedea1400

Great White Throne1612

Mercy seat1667

1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xxv. f. xlii And thou shalt make a merciseate of pure golde..And make .ij. cherubyns off thicke golde on the .ij. endes of the mercyseate.

1607 S. Collins Serm. Paules-Crosse 39 The two Cherubins that face the Mercy seat with mutuall counterview.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 2 From the Mercie-seat above Prevenient Grace descending.

1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 267. ⁋6 We find him prostrating himself before the great Mercy-Seat.

1779 W. Cowper in J. Newton & W. Cowper Olney Hymns ii. xliv. 234 Jesus, wheree'er thy people meet, There they behold thy mercy-seat.

1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost i. 9 The infinite merits of the Redeemer of the world are before the Mercy-seat of our Heavenly Father.

1952 M. Rickert Reconstructed Carmelite Missal ii. 47 The second type of Trinity represented in the Missal is the so-called Gnadenstuhl or Mercy Seat type. Characteristic of this form are God the Father enthroned holding with His two hands the ends of the cross on which hangs the crucified Christ; between the Father and the head of Christ is the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove.

1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iv. xii. 275 The throne of mercy—‘mercy seat’ in some translations—was the slab of pure gold that served as the Ark's cover.

†2. In extended use (cf. propitiatory n. 1b).

a. Jesus Christ, viewed as the atonement or propitiation for sin. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > as propitiator or appeaser

propitiation?a1450

mercy stoola1536

propitiator1536

propitiatory?1545

mercy table1549

mercy stock1550

Mercy seat1555

1555 J. Olde Aquital Edwarde VI xiv. sig. E3 Brethren, we haue Jesus Christ the righteous an aduocate wyth the father, he is the mercye seate of our synnes.

1800 A. Swanston Serm. & Lect. I. 28 Here is the mercy-seat, the true propitiatory, the throne of grace.

1838 J. C. Means (title) Jesus the Mercy Seat; or a scriptural view of atonement.

b. A seat in a position of power or authority; an exalted place. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1599 J. Davies Nosce Teipsum 16 The man whom she doth now aduance, Vpon her gracious mercy seate to sit.

3. Christian Church (originally and chiefly U.S.). A seat or rail occupied at a religious meeting by penitents or those wishing to testify. Cf. mourner's bench n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > furniture > seat > [noun] > of repentance

penitent form1563

repenting stool1567

stool of repentance1581

place of repentance1582

repentance stool1591

repentance seat1771

cutty-stoola1774

Mercy seat1818

anxious seat1827

anxious bench1832

mourner's bench1834

mourner's seat1845

moaner's bench1929

1818 N. Amer. Rev. May 109 His devotional exercises in publick were particularly striking. He came to the mercy seat, as one, who was not a stranger there.

1859 Ladies' Repository Sept. 518 Among the many children who kneeled as penitents..were Sarah Lowe and her brother and sister. It was a moving sight to see that gentle girl..take that younger brother and sister by the hand and kneel with them at the mercy-seat.

1942 L. Parrish Slave Songs Georgia Sea Islands 152 He responds to the appeal of the minister to come forward to the ‘Mou'ner's Bench’—also called the ‘Anxious’ or ‘Mercy Seat’.

1974 J. Baldwin If Beale St. could Talk 23 [She] became filled with a stern love for her two little heathens and marched us before her to the mercy seat.

1981 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 22 Feb. 20 Children are enrolled as Junior Soldiers after a suitable amount of Sunday School instruction..when those who feel drawn to make a public statement come forward and kneel on the Mercy Seat at the front of the meeting.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mercy seat
释义	Mercy seatn. Brit. /ˈməːsɪ siːt/, U.S. /ˈmərsi ˌsit/ Forms: see mercy n. and int. and seat n. also with lower-case initial. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: mercy n., seat n. Etymology: < mercy n. + seat n., after German Gnadenstuhl (16th cent. in Luther; < Gnade mercy, favour, grace + Stuhl stool n.). The German word renders Hebrew kappōreṯ (corresponding to Hellenistic Greek ἱλαστήριον in the Septuagint, post-classical Latin propitiatorium in the Vulgate). In his earlier New Testament translation (1526), Tyndale has ‘the seate off grace’ (Hebrews 9:5), again after Luther's Gnadenstuhl; all versions of the Wycliffite Bible have propitiatory n. in both Exodus and Hebrews. Compare mercy stock n., mercy stool n., mercy table n. at mercy n. and int. Compounds 1b.With throne of mercy in quot. 1992 at sense 1 compare German Gnadenthron (16th cent. in Luther). 1. Theology. The lid of gold, decorated with two winged cherubim, covering the Ark of the Covenant, upon which God is said to have been enthroned, and taken as representing the divine presence in the world; (hence) the throne of God in heaven. Cf. propitiatory n. 1a. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > furniture > Ark of the Covenant > [noun] > covering for tabernaclea1325 propitiatorya1382 Mercy seat1530 the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [noun] > throne of God cherubc825 thronec1225 sedea1400 Great White Throne1612 Mercy seat1667 1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xxv. f. xlii And thou shalt make a merciseate of pure golde..And make .ij. cherubyns off thicke golde on the .ij. endes of the mercyseate. 1607 S. Collins Serm. Paules-Crosse 39 The two Cherubins that face the Mercy seat with mutuall counterview. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 2 From the Mercie-seat above Prevenient Grace descending. View more context for this quotation 1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 267. ⁋6 We find him prostrating himself before the great Mercy-Seat. 1779 W. Cowper in J. Newton & W. Cowper Olney Hymns ii. xliv. 234 Jesus, wheree'er thy people meet, There they behold thy mercy-seat. 1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost i. 9 The infinite merits of the Redeemer of the world are before the Mercy-seat of our Heavenly Father. 1952 M. Rickert Reconstructed Carmelite Missal ii. 47 The second type of Trinity represented in the Missal is the so-called Gnadenstuhl or Mercy Seat type. Characteristic of this form are God the Father enthroned holding with His two hands the ends of the cross on which hangs the crucified Christ; between the Father and the head of Christ is the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove. 1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iv. xii. 275 The throne of mercy—‘mercy seat’ in some translations—was the slab of pure gold that served as the Ark's cover. †2. In extended use (cf. propitiatory n. 1b). a. Jesus Christ, viewed as the atonement or propitiation for sin. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > as propitiator or appeaser propitiation?a1450 mercy stoola1536 propitiator1536 propitiatory?1545 mercy table1549 mercy stock1550 Mercy seat1555 1555 J. Olde Aquital Edwarde VI xiv. sig. E3 Brethren, we haue Jesus Christ the righteous an aduocate wyth the father, he is the mercye seate of our synnes. 1800 A. Swanston Serm. & Lect. I. 28 Here is the mercy-seat, the true propitiatory, the throne of grace. 1838 J. C. Means (title) Jesus the Mercy Seat; or a scriptural view of atonement. b. A seat in a position of power or authority; an exalted place. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1599 J. Davies Nosce Teipsum 16 The man whom she doth now aduance, Vpon her gracious mercy seate to sit. 3. Christian Church (originally and chiefly U.S.). A seat or rail occupied at a religious meeting by penitents or those wishing to testify. Cf. mourner's bench n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > furniture > seat > [noun] > of repentance penitent form1563 repenting stool1567 stool of repentance1581 place of repentance1582 repentance stool1591 repentance seat1771 cutty-stoola1774 Mercy seat1818 anxious seat1827 anxious bench1832 mourner's bench1834 mourner's seat1845 moaner's bench1929 1818 N. Amer. Rev. May 109 His devotional exercises in publick were particularly striking. He came to the mercy seat, as one, who was not a stranger there. 1859 Ladies' Repository Sept. 518 Among the many children who kneeled as penitents..were Sarah Lowe and her brother and sister. It was a moving sight to see that gentle girl..take that younger brother and sister by the hand and kneel with them at the mercy-seat. 1942 L. Parrish Slave Songs Georgia Sea Islands 152 He responds to the appeal of the minister to come forward to the ‘Mou'ner's Bench’—also called the ‘Anxious’ or ‘Mercy Seat’. 1974 J. Baldwin If Beale St. could Talk 23 [She] became filled with a stern love for her two little heathens and marched us before her to the mercy seat. 1981 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 22 Feb. 20 Children are enrolled as Junior Soldiers after a suitable amount of Sunday School instruction..when those who feel drawn to make a public statement come forward and kneel on the Mercy Seat at the front of the meeting. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1530
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