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单词 methylate
释义

methylaten.

Brit. /ˈmɛθᵻleɪt/, U.S. /ˈmɛθəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: methylic adj., -ate suffix4.
Etymology: < methyl- (in methylic adj.) + -ate suffix4.
Chemistry.
= methoxide n.The term methylate is not now used in formal chemical nomenclature, but still is found occasionally in the literature. In particular, the name sodium methylate is used in the chemical industry for sodium methoxide (NaOCH3), a caustic solid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > salts, esters or anions of organic acids > [noun]
hydrochloride1823
isethionates1838
citraconate1840
adipate1841
anthranilate1841
stearate1841
itaconic acid1842
salicylate1842
oenanthate1845
ammelide1846
pelargonate1848
pelargyl1851
melanuric acid1852
methylate1852
opianyl1852
abietate1853
maleate1853
fulminuric1856
glyoxylate1856
urethane1856
indican1859
oxalyl1859
malonate1862
methacrylate1865
amylate1866
acetoacetate1873
isobutyrate1873
glutamate1876
hydrobromide1877
nicotinate1879
isovalerate1882
calcium gluconate1884
methoxide1885
isophthalate1886
homogentisate1891
naphthenate1899
peracetate1901
iodoacetate1902
glucuronate1904
hydnocarpate1905
thiomalate1905
azide1907
phytate1908
linolenate1909
isocitrate1925
phenylpyruvate1926
monosodium glutamate1929
perester1933
phosphonate1934
polymethacrylate1935
pantothenate1938
phosphoenolpyruvate1941
nylon salt1945
pantoate1945
penicilloate1946
thymidylate1959
chorismate1965
nonanoate1965
neuraminate1970
1835 Rep. Brit. Assoc., Sections 42 The sulpho-methylate of potash.]
1852 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 4 232 Three-carbon ether, Ethylate of methyle, or Methylate of ethyle.——This compound may be prepared by the action of iodide of ethyle on the methylate of sodium.
1880 Athenæum 27 Nov. 713/1 The authors..have thus prepared aluminic methylate, ethylate, propylate (isopropylate could not be obtained).
1954 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 76 1456/1 Deacetylation of I [sc. 9α-fluorohydrocortisone acetate] with sodium methylate afforded 9α-fluorohydrocortisone.
1955 Chem. & Engin. News 7 Mar. 1015/1 Jensen prefers ethylate, methylate, and phenolate to ethoxide, methoxide, and phenoxide... The first decennial index to CA [sc. Chemical Abstracts] used the -ylate and -olate terms, but changed to -oxide in Vols. 15 and 16.., perhaps to conform with British practice.
1991 Lancaster Catal. 1991/92 (MTM Res. Chemicals Ltd.) 1156 Sodium methoxide (Sodium methylate).
2000 Jrnl. Chromatogr. A. 873 129 The direct extraction of the methyl arsenic compounds by SPME [= solid-phase microextraction] after thioglycol methylate derivatization was studied.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

methylatev.

Brit. /ˈmɛθᵻleɪt/, U.S. /ˈmɛθəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: methyl n., -ate suffix3.
Etymology: < methyl n. + -ate suffix3.
1. transitive. Chemistry. To introduce one or more methyl groups into (a compound or group).
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society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > treat or impregnate with specific substance
sig1581
camphor1607
water1625
lixiviate1646
camphorate1651
lantifya1652
camphorize1736
liquor1743
bituminate1799
methylate1851
salt1857
poach1873
resinate1891
vaseline1891
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb (transitive)] > petroleum processes > miscellaneous other
methylate1851
nitrosate1920
tosylate1963
nitrosylate1987
1851 A. W. Hofmann in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 141 376 As I had some grammes of diethylamylamine at my disposal, I preferred to methylate this compound.
1888 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 53 778 An attempt was made to methylate acetyl-metanitranilide by the action of sodium ethylate and methyl iodide.
1917 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 111 848 Experiments have proved the wide scope of the use of formaldehyde for methylating amino-compounds.
1967 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. (ed. 5) I. xxvi. 683 Veratrole..may be prepared by methylating catechol with methyl sulphate in alkaline solution.
1990 Carcinogenesis 11 1301/2 Methionine can be synthesized by the body from choline, a precursor of betaine that can methylate homocysteine to form ethionine.
2. transitive. To render (alcoholic spirits) unfit for drinking by the addition of methanol; to mix with methanol. See earlier methylated adj. Now rare.
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the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to miscellaneous other processes
reduce?a1425
weaken1540
projecta1550
brown1570
spiritualize1593
colliquate1603
redisperse1621
imbibe1626
educe1651
to cant off1658
part1663
regalize1664
dint1669
roche1679
subtilizea1722
neutralize1744
develop1756
evolve1772
extricate1790
separate1805
unburn1815
leach1860
methylate1864
nitrate1872
nitre1880
sweeten1885
deflocculate1909
hybridize1959
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb] > methylation
methylate1864
1864 Ladies' Repository Apr. 247/2 In the last session of the British Parliament an act was passed allowing spirit of wine to be methylated duty free.
1880 Act 43 & 44 Vict. c. 24 §3Methylate’ means to mix spirits with some substance in such manner as to render the mixture unfit for use as a beverage.
1906 Science 16 Feb. 280/1 The commission for the methods of examining and methylating alcohol, appointed by the French government.

Derivatives

ˈmethylating n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1915 Science 16 July 99/2 (heading) Dimethylsulfate as a methylating agent.
1929 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 51 2535 We have found methyl bromide to be a satisfactory methylating agent with both malonic ester and acetoacetic ester.
1975 Clin. Chem. 21 751/1 We describe a modification of the MacGee method for rapid determination of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography, in which an ethylating reagent is used instead of the more common methylating reagents.
1995 Nature 12 Oct. 481/1 The assumption has been that the analogous dication (CH3)3OH2+ is a methylating species.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1852v.1851
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