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Michaelmasn. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Michael , mass n.1 Etymology: < Michael, the name of the archangel (see Michael n.) + mass n.1, after earlier genitive construction (Saint) Michael's Mass. Compare -mas comb. form.For the genitive construction, see quots. at main sense, Michaelmas day n. at Compounds 2, and Michaelmas eve n. at Compounds 2, and discussion s.v. -mas comb. form. The genitive compound is occasionally found after the early Middle English period in Scots: see Dict. Older Sc. Tongue s.v. Michaellis-, Michelsesmes, and compare the 19th-cent. Shetland regional form Mikklismes . For a full discussion of the form-history of the first element, see Michael n. society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > Michaelmas (29 September) > [noun] OE (Corpus Cambr. 201) vii. a. i. 262 On Monandæg & on Tiwesdæg & on Wodnesdæg ær Michaeles mæssan. lOE (Laud) anno 1101 Se eorl syððan oð ðet ofer sancte Michaeles mæsse her on lande wunode.] c1300 St. Edward Elder (Laud) 229 in C. Horstmann (1887) 53 Op-on Miȝhel-masse fourtene-nyȝht. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 9508 (MED) Þe kinges poer..wende vorþ to oxenford aboute mielmesse. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith (1870) 35 (MED) Be-twixen þe feste of the Natiuite of oure lady and Misschelmasse. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xii. 240 Fro mychelmesse to mychelmesse I fynde hem with wafres. 1435 in W. H. Stevenson (1883) II. 361 At ye Anounsiacion..and Meghelmes. 1452 Acct. in (1903) 9 78 (MED) For ij lb. wex candells a ghens myhellmas xii d. 1469 M. Paston in (2004) I. 343 Wodynsday ore Thursday aftyre Mykylmes. 1475 in J. Raine (1890) 26 At the gret cowrtes at Mykelmes, þe yer [etc.]. 1530 J. Palsgrave 804/2 At Mychelmesse, a la saynt Michel or le jour de sainct Michel. 1536 in J. T. Gilbert (1889) I. 497 The wyche off trewythe was grawnttyd att myellmas last past. 1539 in W. A. J. Archbold (1892) 117 We intende..to letowte the pastures and demeynes now from mighelmas forthe quarterly. 1609 J. Skene tr. Burrow Lawes in c. 43. 124 The first [head-court] is after the feast of Michalmes. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. i. 188 Alhallowmas last, a fortnight afore Michaelmas . View more context for this quotation 1661 A. Marvell Let. 15 June in (1971) II. 30 Wch sum..shall be collected..at Michaelmasse & Lady day. 1712 R. Steele No. 424. ¶5 By Michaelmas 'tis odds but we come to down~right squabbling. 1819 274 He will blow upon his fingers before Mildmas [Note Michaelmas]. 1864 Ld. Tennyson xii And I'd managed for Squoire coom Michaelmas thutty year. 1886 Weekly Notes 35/2 The accounts were limited to the period before Michaelmas, 1881. 1899 W. Raymond viii Get rid o' the stock an' zell the keep to Mi'lemas. 1927 24 May 4/7 Vacant possession at Michaelmas will be given of the Manor Farm, 428 acres, at Oxwick. 1988 1 i. 3/1 Between Michaelmas 1987 and 1989, at least seventeen of Oxford's Colleges and Halls will have changed their head of house. 1996 P. O'Brian i. 22 It had not been touched since Michaelmas. Compounds C1. General attributive. 1653 No. 18. 247 The freedom of this towns [i.e. Stockholm's] Michaelmas Fair being ended and discharged with beating of Drums, the next day..a Guard was set at every one of the Hollanders lodging doors. 1797 F. M. Eden I. 33 In Gloucestershire..servants continue to attend the mopp or statute, as it is called (i.e. Michaelmas fair), in order to be hired. 1998 D. K. Cameron ix. 142 The Michaelmas fair, however, retains its cachet by hosting the world championship of ‘gurning’. 1788 G. Steevens Let. 1 Sept. in T. Warton (1995) iv. 603 If you have any further instructions..they will find me at Emmanuel College, where I wish you would eat a Michaelmas Goose with us. 1887 X. 122/1 The eldest daughter of George III and Queen Charlotte was born..on 29 Sept. 1766—a ‘Michaelmas goose’ according to her mother's homely wit. 1952 M. Cost 247 The Michaelmas goose, dedicated to the table on the 29th [September]. 1992 A. Bell tr. M. Toussaint-Samat xi. 349 In more prosperous farming families the Michaelmas goose..was a kind of test of the quality of the poultry which would be consumed during the winter. 1670 L. Meager 177 Whether they were sown on Beds together, or astray amongst other Crops, as Turnips, or Michaelmas Onions as they are called. 1763 J. Mills IV. 34 One of these crops, known by the name of Michaelmas onions, is sown in August. 1867 13 July 6/6 Cottagers' vegetables... Michaelmas onions, twelve, 1st, Mrs. Pilman. 2001 S. D. Westrem vii. 254 Witte's association of the harvest with the feast of Saint Michael (29 September) coincides better with the agricultural calendar of northern Europe (still remembered, though rarely, in such terms as Michaelmas onions). 1572 Sir N. Bacon in A. H. Smith et al. (1979) I. 36 He was content you showld have Michaelmas rent..of his land. 1624 J. Smith (Arb.) iv. 619 Thus they spend Michaelmas rent in Mid-summer Moone, and would gather their Haruest before they haue planted their Corne. 1763 (ed. 2) I. 75 If the markets are low, they fail in the payment of their Michaelmas rent. 1976 27 327 (note) A notable instance is the vivid..account..of the feasts Henry, third Earl of Lonsdale, gave for his tenants in the 1830s when they came..to pay their Lady Day and Michaelmas rents. C2. the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus torquatus (ring-ouzel) 1802 G. Montagu at Ouzel—Ring These birds appear in Portland in their spring and autumnal flights, and are there called Michaelmas Blackbirds. 1822 J. Latham V. 39 (note) Ring Ouzel..a British Species, only seen in spring and autumn. By some called the Michaelmas Blackbird. 1887 A. C. Smith 137 The Ring Ouzel..is easily distinguished from the blackbird..but sufficiently resembles it to be called provincially the ‘Mountain’ and the ‘Michaelmas’ Blackbird, alluding to the haunts it loves and the season when it appears on its way south. 1599 (1939) I. 366 At the nixt Michelmes court. 1884 W. Miller 33/1 Crocus, Autumn, Fog, Meadow, Michaelmas, or Purple. Colchicum autumnale. 1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Michaelmas Crocus, Colchicum autumnale, L., Meadow Saffron. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > other composite flowers 1767 J. Abercrombie 120 The sorts which will yet succeed are, golden rods, Michaelmas daisies, perennial asters, and perennial sun-flower. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau xxvi. 394 Many [Asters] as confounded under the vulgar title of Michaelmas Daisies. 1850 S. F. Cooper 105 Michaelmas daisies of several kinds, perhaps the coptis, or gold-thread, and three or four ferns. 1867 Feb. 626/1 Then also the Michaelmas daisy, or sea-starwort, opens its pale lilac petals. 1913 C. Mackenzie I. i. vi. 87 All along the paths were masses of flowers,..early Michaelmas daisies and Japanese anemones. 1993 C. Shields ii. 49 These deep blue asters, or Michaelmas daisies as they were frequently called. 2014 J. Eastman 9/1 Various species [of aster] were named Michaelmas daisies because they flowered around St. Michaelmas [sic] day, September 29. society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > Michaelmas (29 September) > [noun] OE (Harl.) 72 Ðæs ymbe V niht bið Sancte michaheles mæssedæg. lOE (Corpus Cambr.) iv. §1. 446 He sceal syllan on Michaeles mæssedæig x gafolp[eninga]. c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 102 in C. Horstmann (1887) 302 Miȝheles-masse-day he hiet halewi þoruȝ al christin-dom.] c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 6044 (MED) Bituene vre leuedi day..& misselmasse day Þis folc bisette kaunterbury. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith (1870) 97 Yis gilde schal haue by ȝere foure mornspeches..ye ferthe schal be on mykames day. 1463 in (1841) 154 The fryday next afftyr Myhelmesse day my mastyr delyveryd to my sayd lord..vj.s. viij.d. 1756 M. Calderwood (1884) x. 264 On Michaelmas day there was a grand procession through..this town, and all the windows were covered with green boughs. 1814 J. B. Scott Diary 29 Sept. in E. Mann (1930) v. 116 This is Michaelmas day and is observed here..as a festival on which no work is to be done. 1999 26 Sept. g11/1 St. Michael and All Angels. Prayers and liturgy celebrate Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. It sometimes is called Michaelmas Day. OE (Tiber. B.iv) anno 1066 Ða com Wyllelm eorl of Normandige into Pefnesea on sancte Michæles mæsseæfen.] c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 8792 A Misselmasse eue mid hor ost hii come. c1600 D. Moysie (1830) 19 The xxviij day of September, being Michelmas ewin. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. iv. 34 They kept up the Christmas carol..and religiously cracked nuts on Michaelmas eve. 1999 8 Oct. 32/3 It is Michaelmas eve, with a touch of chill. 1616 in L. B. Taylor (1942) I. 141 Presentlie assemblit at thair Michaelmas heid court. 1830 W. Chambers 36 The rolls of the freeholders are made up every year at the Michaelmas head court, by orders of the sheriff. 1987 XXII. 280 The small landowning electorate..discussed legislative policies in their Michaelmas head courts. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) 532 (MED) Þus ȝirnez þe ȝere in ȝisterdayez mony..Til meȝel-mas mone Watz cumen wyth wynter wage. 1721 J. Kelly 344 The Michaelmas Moon rises ay alike soon. 1771 T. Pennant 134 The father promises for her portion 200 Scots marks, and half of a Michaelmas Moon. 1835 J. Monteath 15 Parties of Highland harryers, who had descended from the hills during the ‘Michaelmas moons’..to plunder those Lowlanders. a1859 W. Watt (1860) 197 Ae nicht, at the heicht o' the Michaelmas moon, The tailor at our house was sewin'. a1578 R. Lindsay (1899) I. 339 [The king] passit to Sanctandrois..and thair remanit quhill the Michallmas perdoun. 1645 E. Davies Great Brit. Visitation vii, in E. S. Cope 152 About Michael the Arch Angells Feast,..when those hurtfull winds restrained, Michaelmas riggs so called. 1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith I. xcviii. 174 We have not had even the Whisper of a Michaelmas Rig yet; and October..is setting in with all good Omens. 1826 R. Wilbraham (ed. 2) 68 Rigg, a strong blast of wind. The storms which usually prevail about the time of the autumnal equinox are called Michaelmas Riggs. the world > time > period > year > season > [noun] > periods of unseasonal weather 1557 T. Tusser sig. A.iiii Be mindeful abrode, of thy Mighelmas [1580 Mihelmas] spring. 1658 W. Gurnall 574 God promised him a Michaelmas spring (I may so say) a sonne in his old age. 1808 W. Pitt (ed. 2) vii. 61 The turnips..were produced of the largest size ever known..occasioned undoubtedly by an uncommonly luxuriant Michaelmas spring, and a mild open autumn and winter. 1780 J. Wesley 13 Sept. (1938) Now let the winter come; we have made full use of the Michaelmas-summer. 1988 E. J. Scovell 101 So in this Michaelmas summer whose days Are evening hours, which are eternities. society > education > educational administration > [noun] > session or term 1439 in B. Marsh (1914) II. 2 (MED) Resceued for mihilmas terme ix s. ij d. 1642 (title) The judges' resolution on the Bench..concerning His Majesties proclamation for the rejourning of the Michaelmas Term. 1765 W. Blackstone I. ix. 329 The morrow of All Souls..(which day is now altered to the morrow of St. Martin by the last act for abbreviating Michaelmas term). 1877 6 271 A suggestion..made to me at the conclusion of his lectures on Ethnology, delivered in the University Museum, at Oxford, in Michaelmas Term, 1875. 1992 A. Taylor 85 Hubert had to be back at school for the start of the Michaelmas Term. society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > Michaelmas (29 September) > [noun] > season of ?1567 (new ed.) 307 The sayde William Archbishop attempted the matter agayne at Michaelmas tyde. 1700 27 The Owl much Hooting in the Night, at Michaelmas Tide, denotes a Hard Frosty winter. 1883 J. H. Ewing i. 11 The Gray Goose remembered it well; it was Michaelmas-tide, the Michaelmas before the Michaelmas before the Michaelmas. 1903 Oct. 516 All day long at Michaelmas-tide heavy waggons lumber through the villages. 2010 J. Holroyd vi. 120 It was William Smith, who had been on that disastrous hog-drive last Michaelmastide. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1300 |
