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单词 midstream
释义

midstreamn.adv.adj.

Brit. /ˌmɪdˈstriːm/, U.S. /ˈmɪdˈstrim/
Forms: see mid adj. and stream n.; also Scottish pre-1700 mydestreime, pre-1700 mydestrem, pre-1700 mydestreme, pre-1700 mydestreym.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: mid adj., stream n.
Etymology: < mid adj. + stream n.
A. n.
The middle of a stream. Also figurative.to change (also swap) horses in midstream: see horse n. 18.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > absence of prejudice > [noun] > middle course
middle way?c1225
midwayc1451
golden mean1541
middle course1579
mid-course1603
middle path1606
third way1638
midstream1670
middle line1692
middle road1759
mid-ground1825
juste milieu1831
via media1834
middle ground1961
OE Bounds (Sawyer 1248) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1885) I. 117 Into þære tæmese oþ midne streame, andlang streames eft into heah efre.]
a1170 ( Bounds (Sawyer 590) in M. Gelling Place-names Berks. (1976) III. 727 Andlang midstreames, up on ða won lace.
c1315 Greenwich Hosp. MS Documents (Publ. Rec. Office Box 20, bundle O No. 12) En primis a commensere de mydstreme de Derwent.
c1425 in E. Edwards Liber Monasterii de Hyda (1866) 171 (MED) Begyn on Maccanyngford along the strete up to Temese to the myd streme [c1425 (OE) oð midne stream].
1670 J. Dryden Tyrannick Love ii. i. 14 The mid-stream's his; I, creeping by the side, Am shoulder'd off by his impetuous Tide.
1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 546 Down the Mid-stream he wafts Along.
1827 E. Mackenzie Descr. & Hist. Acct. Newcastle II. 742 The midstream of the river, taken at low water, is considered the boundary between the coal~mines.
1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 99 He was obliged to have the boat kept in mid-stream.
1899 T. Nicol Recent Archæol. & Bible ii. 94 We are brought into the midstream of Biblical History.
1907 G. John Voice from China xi. 222 We pulled out and anchored in mid-stream.
1940 R. Gibbings Sweet Thames run Softly ix. 70 My lady..was splashing her way swiftly towards mid-stream.
1953 in R. E. Megarry Second Miscellany-at-law (1973) 156 The decision of the majority leaves the litigation in the case in the midstream of indecision.
1994 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 15 Nov. a30/1 My brother is one of those students who is..somewhere near the lower end of the midstream, closer to ‘general’ than to ‘advanced’.
B. adv.
In the middle of a stream. Frequently figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > [adverb] > in a stream
midstream1872
astream1930
1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 64 Whom Gareth met midstream.
1950 W. O. Douglas Of Men & Mountains xx. 277 A water ouzel appeared. He sat midstream on an ice-covered rock.
1984 National Times (Austral.) 2 Nov. 28/1 Muir tried to remove her from a project midstream.
1991 Living Blues Nov. 55/2 Paul Desmond's Take Five..was okay closing one side of the record but stands out like a sore thumb positioned midstream on CD.
C. adj. (attributive).
1. Situated in, occurring in, or belonging to the midstream.
ΚΠ
1894 Outing 24 452/2 On the mid~stream side of the rocky islet..the bank was eight or ten feet high.
1905 Daily Chron. 13 Mar. 4/4 The ford would land us on a mid-stream island.
1936 Discovery Nov. 334/2 The photograph..taken from the top of the midstream tower, showing one of the suspension spans.
1974 R. Adams Shardik lvi. 467 The midstream current.
1992 Step-by-Step 8 i. 140/3 We decided to create interchangeable, theater-like backdrops reflecting jazz, reggae, urban and midstream contemporary music.
2. Medicine. Designating urine that is passed in the middle of an act of urinating (rather than at the beginning or end).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > urine > [noun] > parts or substances of
circle1541
garland1547
urohaematin1863
urochrome1864
urobilin1876
midstream1962
1958 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 259 764 (heading) A comparison of bacterial counts of the urine obtained by needle aspiration of the bladder, catheterization and midstream-voided methods.]
1962 Lancet 15 Dec. 1246/1 The urine was examined microscopically for pus cells... In men and children midstream specimens were used.
1981 H. Jolly Bk. Child Care (new ed.) xxxii. 404 The least contaminated specimen is that passed in the middle of urination (mid-stream urine).
1989 National Med. Jrnl. India 2 281/1 Obtaining a clean-catch midstream specimen of urine is of paramount importance.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adv.adj.a1170
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