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单词 microcosmic
释义

microcosmicadj.

Brit. /ˌmʌɪkrə(ʊ)ˈkɒzmɪk/, U.S. /ˌmaɪkroʊˈkɑzmɪk/, /ˌmaɪkrəˈkɑzmɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin microcosmicus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin microcosmicus (1537 in Paracelsus) < micro- micro- comb. form + cosmicus (4th cent.; alteration of classical Latin cosmicos < ancient Greek κοσμικός cosmic adj.), after microcosmos , microcosmus microcosmos n. Compare French microcosmique (1765), and earlier microcosmical adj.Recorded earliest in English in the compound microcosmic salt n. at sense 1a, after post-classical Latin sal (fusibile) microcosmicum (1758 in passage translated in quot. 1770 for microcosmic salt n. at sense 1a). Compare Swedish mikrokosmiskt salt (1761), French sel microcosmique (1765).
I. Compounds.
1. Chemistry.
a. microcosmic salt n. hydrated sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate, HNaNH4PO4·4H2O, a crystalline salt which was originally isolated from human urine and was used in tests for detecting the presence of certain metal ions. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > salts named by atomic number > phosphates or phosphites > specific named
microcosmic salt1770
superphosphate1798
oxyphosphate1815
hypophosphite1818
thorina1818
tri-phosphate1823
bone phosphate1834
phosphate1849
triple phosphate1857
hypophosphate1864
trimethyl-phosphine1866
hexametaphosphate1891
trimetaphosphate1894
triose phosphate1934
1770 G. von Engeström & E. M. da Costa tr. A. F. Cronstedt Ess. Syst. Mineral. 122 The microcosmic salt becomes transparent with it.
1783 W. Withering tr. T. Bergman Outl. Mineral. 36 A precipitate of cobalt..which makes a blue glass with borax or microcosmic salt.
1816 Encycl. Perthensis (ed. 2) V. 566/1 Urine contains the fusible salt of urine, or microcosmic salt.
1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 886 Triple salts, a name sometimes applied to salts containing three different bases, such as microcosmic salt.
1902 H. A. Miers Mineral. i. 271 The treatment in the bead of microcosmic salt.
1940 G. H. J. Adlam & L. S. Price Higher School Certificate Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) xli. 407 An alternative method is to fuse sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate (microcosmic salt) to a glass residue (sodium metaphosphate).
1948 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 17 54 The samples..are allowed to stand at least an hour after adding microcosmic salt and ammonia.
b. microcosmic acid n. phosphoric acid (as obtained from microcosmic salt). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 629 Acid of Phosphorus. This acid, called also the microcosmic acid, has already been described.
II. General uses.
2. Of or relating to a microcosm; of the nature of a microcosm.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > [adjective] > relating to mankind
mannisheOE
fleshlyc1175
manlya1225
fleshya1400
human1495
microcosmical1570
microcosmala1644
anthropic1816
microcosmic1816
humanitary1851
hominal1861
hominine1883
neanthropic1894
pan-human1900
sapient1971
1816 G. S. Faber Origin Pagan Idolatry III. 281 The imitative Caer-Sidee represented the microcosmic Ship resting on the top of the mountain.
1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. iii. 65 Man, that microcosmic fool.
1893 T. H. Huxley Evol. & Ethics 13 The microcosmic atom should have found the illimitable macrocosm guilty.
1908 M. J. Cawein Poems I. 47 A plant, Among its brother plants; 'mid whom,..Distinct and individual, It grew to microcosmic bloom.
1952 P. Tillich Courage to Be v. 114 The anxiety of fate is conquered by the self-affirmation of the individual as an infinitely significant microcosmic representation of the universe.
1986 Paragraph Oct. 7 Are cultures sacrificial if they manage to unite acts, words, microcosmic and macrocosmic nature and the gods?
1992 S. Prospere Sub Rosa II. 41 On a winter evening, the children have made peep shows in shoeboxes, each world meant to be microcosmic.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1770
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