mightilyadv.

Brit.

/ˈmʌɪtᵻli/, U.S.

/ˈmaɪdᵻli/

Forms:

α. Old English mæhtiglice (Anglian), Middle English maȝtyly.

β. Old English mihtiglice, Old English mihtilice, late Old English mihtigliche, late Old English myhtylice, Middle English mightili, Middle English mightiliche, Middle English mightyle, Middle English mightyliche, Middle English miȝtily, Middle English mihtile, Middle English mihtiliche, Middle English mihtilik, Middle English mithili, Middle English myghtily, Middle English myghttyly, Middle English myghtyli, Middle English myghtyly, Middle English myȝtilich, Middle English myȝtiliche, Middle English myȝtily, Middle English myȝtily, Middle English myȝtilye, Middle English myȝttily, Middle English myȝtyly, Middle English myhtyly, Middle English mythilyche, Middle English mythtily, Middle English mythtyly, Middle English mythyly, Middle English mythylyke, Middle English mytily, Middle English–1500s mightyly, Middle English– mightily, 1500s mightilie, 1600s mitily; English regional (northern) 1700s meetyly, 1800s meetily; Scottish pre-1700 mechtillie, pre-1700 michtilie, pre-1700 michtillie, pre-1700 mightilie, pre-1700 mightillie, pre-1700 mychtilie, pre-1700 mychtily, pre-1700 mychtyly, pre-1700 1800s– michtily, 1700s– mightily.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mighty adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < mighty adj. + -ly suffix². Compare mightly adv.For the variation in forms, see discussion s.v. might n.¹; see also mightly adv. and note at that entry.

1. With great physical power or strength; by force of arms; with great mental, intellectual, or emotional power or force; employing or embodying superhuman or divine power; vigorously; †with great effort, vehemently (obsolete). In later use frequently literary or rhetorical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > power > [adverb]

mightilyeOE

mightfullya1398

roughlya1398

virtuouslya1398

strenghfullya1400

puissantlyc1460

potentially1549

potently1558

powerfully1589

powerably1593

powerlikea1628

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adverb] > with vigour or intensity of operation or effect

swithlyc888

mightilyeOE

strongeOE

fastlyOE

stronglyOE

smartlyc1225

smartc1300

mightlya1393

freshlyc1425

almightily1609

feckfullya1614

shrewly1707

vivaciouslya1711

keenly1837

drivingly1842

drastically1850

incisively1871

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [adverb]

hardOE

sorea1300

mightilya1400

strenuously1602

intenselya1631

effortfully1961

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxxv. 98 Wite geare ðæt ðæt is þæt hehste god, ðæt hit eall swa mihtiglice macað.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) viii. 242 Mihtiglice he [sc. Christ] mihte mid his worde hine geclænsian buton hrepunge.

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 24 Þu sehe þi brihte, blisfule sune..se mihtiliche on hali þursdei stihe to his blisse.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 23551 Sua mightili [a1400 Coll. Phys. mihtilik] þair [sc. the saints'] might to fill.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2290 (MED) He myntez at hym maȝtyly.

a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 262 Another tyme he sholde myghtyly Conforte hymself and sein it was folie.

?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 308 (MED) Þat purgyth þe neris mythylyke.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxvii. 95 Eneas made the mariners to rowe myghtyli.

1611 Bible (King James) Jonah iii. 8 Let man and beast..cry mightily vnto God.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 279 Do as aduersaries do in law, Striue mightily, but eate and drinke as friends.

1680 Sir C. Lyttelton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 237 My L^d Essex mitily opposes this.

a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 1 Deacon Stephen martyred first by them Who mightily assisted by Christ['s] Spirit Did them Confound hence must as Heir inherit This Crown of Glory first.

1746 J. Hervey Medit. among Tombs 67 Ye..cry mightily, to the Father of your Spirits for Faith in his dear Son.

1805–20 W. Blake Jerusalem i. PL. 18 So cry Hand & Hyle the eldest of the fathers of Albions Little-ones; to destroy the Divine Saviour... Soon Hand mightily devour'd & absorb'd Albions Twelve Sons.

1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. xxiii. 303 A spirit as of prophecy had come upon him, constraining him to its purpose as mightily as the old prophets of Israel were constrained.

1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee ix. 110 These four knights encountered mightily, and brake their spears to their hands.

1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan iii They saw the mighty white ape..with steel muscles tensed.., bear down mightily with his open palms upon the back of the thick bullneck.

1965 New Statesman 30 Apr. 690/3 That both bomber fleets resurged so mightily in 1944 was due..to the rapid conversion of the Mustang into a long range escort.

1985 J. Winterson Oranges are not Only Fruit 85 The Lord is working mightily.

2. With reference to the acquisition of power or strength from some external source.

†a. So as to be strong or powerful; with resulting power or strength. Obsolete (archaic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > power > [adverb] > so as to be powerful

mightily?a1425

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adverb] > so as to be physically strong

mightily?a1425

forcely?a1500

starkly1816

staunchly1825

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 389 (MED) He had myȝtily arayed him in verry feiþ & in stidefast hope.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 399 (MED) But se that hit be tymbred myghtyly.

1464 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 291 Arme yowre-selue as myghtyly as ye kan ageyn yowre enmyes.

a1500 (?c1414) Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms 29 (MED) My bonys were stronge and myghtyly made.

1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 81 That the clergy are all mightily furnished with Learning.

1863 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 93 679/1 You cannot look at it a moment, and not instantly avow the majesty and grandeur of the idea that once lay there so mightily embodied.

1866 J. B. L. Warren Philoctetes 31 O, mightily seated and Throned are our masters, And steadily rooted.

b. Provided with a strong or powerful example or set of the attribute specified, frequently with the implication of resulting strength or power.

ΚΠ

1596 H. Knyvett Def. Realme (1906) 10 How mightilie peopled, and how surelie you maie bee protected and defended.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes Although he was a man mightily friended, yet was he..banished.

1844 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 55 378 From the lofty foliaged brow, and the mightily bearded chin, Down over all his frame was the strength of a life within.

1898 L. Binyon Porphyrion 80 O mighty and mightily peopled city, Time is busy with thee.

1901 E. Arnold Voy. Ithobal v. 128 This river issues from its hills—Wonderful granite hills, fantastic, weird, Mightily cragged and cleft.

1905 W. H. Hunt Pre-Raphaelitism II. 74 The trees were mightily trunked and limbed.

1916 T. W. H. Crosland War Poems 11 Lovely, and mightily-thewed Mother of this great brood, Lo, the beatitude Falls on thee like a flood.

3. To a high degree, to a great extent; greatly, very much. Now chiefly colloquial.Especially common in the 17th and 18th centuries. Cf. earlier use of mightly adv. in same sense (see quot. a1525 at that entry).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb]

stronglyeOE

felec950

strongeOE

highlyOE

highOE

greatlya1200

stourlya1225

greata1325

dreec1330

deeplya1400

mightya1400

dreichlyc1400

mighty?a1425

sorec1440

mainlyc1450

greatumly1456

madc1487

profoundly1489

stronglya1492

muchwhata1513

shrewlya1529

heapa1547

vengeance?1548

sorely1562

smartlyc1580

mightly1582

mightily1587

violently1601

intensively1604

almightily1612

violent1629

seriously1643

intensely1646

importunately1660

shrewdly1664

gey1686

sadly1738

plenty1775

vitally1787

substantively1795

badly1813

far1814

heavily1819

serious1825

measurably1834

dearly1843

bally1939

majorly1955

sizzlingly1956

majorly1978

fecking1983

1587 A. Day tr. J. Amyot Longus' Daphnis & Chloe sig. N4^v They yeelded an estate & condition so mightilie different.

1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 iii. ii. 74 Herein thou wrongst thy children mightilie.

1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor ii. iii Aye truely sir, I am mightily given to melancholy.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 74 [Athens] was after mightily inlarged by Theseus.

1668 S. Pepys Diary 6 Feb. (1976) IX. 54 I sat mightily behind, and could see but little.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iii. x. 243 This artificial Ignorance, and learned Gibberish, prevailed mightily in these last Ages.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 145. ⁋2 A Gentleman..who deals mightily in Antique Scandal.

1760 T. Gray Let. 2 Sept. in Corr. (1971) II. 700 A carpet mightily finish'd.

1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. x. 301 The enemies of righteousness shall make a terrible rattle, and shall mightily torment one another.

1782 J. Warton Ess. on Pope (new ed.) II. xii. 342 I should be mightily obliged to you, if you could get me a copy of his verses.

1838 C. Dickens Let. 1 Nov. (1965) I. 448 It amused us mightily.

1845 B. Disraeli Sybil II. iv. x. 261 Men..who lead a sort of facile, slipshod existence, doing nothing, yet mightily interested in what others do.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 421 I wonder mightily now what sort of a creature I should have turned out.

1908 J. Nehru Let. 13 Mar. in Sel. Wks. (1972) I. 47 His brother..vows that he will never do such a thing. But I should be mightily surprised if that was the case.

1942 C. Johnson Let. 21 June in K. Fleming Celia Johnson (1991) xv. 106 This mightily disturbed the sheep in the field.

1988 P. Gay Freud iv. 200 Once initiated, their friendship flourished mightily.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mightily
释义	mightilyadv. Brit. /ˈmʌɪtᵻli/, U.S. /ˈmaɪdᵻli/ Forms: α. Old English mæhtiglice (Anglian), Middle English maȝtyly. β. Old English mihtiglice, Old English mihtilice, late Old English mihtigliche, late Old English myhtylice, Middle English mightili, Middle English mightiliche, Middle English mightyle, Middle English mightyliche, Middle English miȝtily, Middle English mihtile, Middle English mihtiliche, Middle English mihtilik, Middle English mithili, Middle English myghtily, Middle English myghttyly, Middle English myghtyli, Middle English myghtyly, Middle English myȝtilich, Middle English myȝtiliche, Middle English myȝtily, Middle English myȝtily, Middle English myȝtilye, Middle English myȝttily, Middle English myȝtyly, Middle English myhtyly, Middle English mythilyche, Middle English mythtily, Middle English mythtyly, Middle English mythyly, Middle English mythylyke, Middle English mytily, Middle English–1500s mightyly, Middle English– mightily, 1500s mightilie, 1600s mitily; English regional (northern) 1700s meetyly, 1800s meetily; Scottish pre-1700 mechtillie, pre-1700 michtilie, pre-1700 michtillie, pre-1700 mightilie, pre-1700 mightillie, pre-1700 mychtilie, pre-1700 mychtily, pre-1700 mychtyly, pre-1700 1800s– michtily, 1700s– mightily. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mighty adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < mighty adj. + -ly suffix². Compare mightly adv.For the variation in forms, see discussion s.v. might n.¹; see also mightly adv. and note at that entry. 1. With great physical power or strength; by force of arms; with great mental, intellectual, or emotional power or force; employing or embodying superhuman or divine power; vigorously; †with great effort, vehemently (obsolete). In later use frequently literary or rhetorical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > [adverb] mightilyeOE mightfullya1398 roughlya1398 virtuouslya1398 strenghfullya1400 puissantlyc1460 potentially1549 potently1558 powerfully1589 powerably1593 powerlikea1628 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adverb] > with vigour or intensity of operation or effect swithlyc888 mightilyeOE strongeOE fastlyOE stronglyOE smartlyc1225 smartc1300 mightlya1393 freshlyc1425 almightily1609 feckfullya1614 shrewly1707 vivaciouslya1711 keenly1837 drivingly1842 drastically1850 incisively1871 the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [adverb] hardOE sorea1300 mightilya1400 strenuously1602 intenselya1631 effortfully1961 eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxxv. 98 Wite geare ðæt ðæt is þæt hehste god, ðæt hit eall swa mihtiglice macað. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) viii. 242 Mihtiglice he [sc. Christ] mihte mid his worde hine geclænsian buton hrepunge. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 24 Þu sehe þi brihte, blisfule sune..se mihtiliche on hali þursdei stihe to his blisse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 23551 Sua mightili [a1400 Coll. Phys. mihtilik] þair [sc. the saints'] might to fill. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2290 (MED) He myntez at hym maȝtyly. a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 262 Another tyme he sholde myghtyly Conforte hymself and sein it was folie. ?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 308 (MED) Þat purgyth þe neris mythylyke. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxvii. 95 Eneas made the mariners to rowe myghtyli. 1611 Bible (King James) Jonah iii. 8 Let man and beast..cry mightily vnto God. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. ii. 279 Do as aduersaries do in law, Striue mightily, but eate and drinke as friends. View more context for this quotation 1680 Sir C. Lyttelton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 237 My L^d Essex mitily opposes this. a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 1 Deacon Stephen martyred first by them Who mightily assisted by Christ['s] Spirit Did them Confound hence must as Heir inherit This Crown of Glory first. 1746 J. Hervey Medit. among Tombs 67 Ye..cry mightily, to the Father of your Spirits for Faith in his dear Son. 1805–20 W. Blake Jerusalem i. PL. 18 So cry Hand & Hyle the eldest of the fathers of Albions Little-ones; to destroy the Divine Saviour... Soon Hand mightily devour'd & absorb'd Albions Twelve Sons. 1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. xxiii. 303 A spirit as of prophecy had come upon him, constraining him to its purpose as mightily as the old prophets of Israel were constrained. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee ix. 110 These four knights encountered mightily, and brake their spears to their hands. 1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan iii They saw the mighty white ape..with steel muscles tensed.., bear down mightily with his open palms upon the back of the thick bullneck. 1965 New Statesman 30 Apr. 690/3 That both bomber fleets resurged so mightily in 1944 was due..to the rapid conversion of the Mustang into a long range escort. 1985 J. Winterson Oranges are not Only Fruit 85 The Lord is working mightily. 2. With reference to the acquisition of power or strength from some external source. †a. So as to be strong or powerful; with resulting power or strength. Obsolete (archaic in later use). ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > [adverb] > so as to be powerful mightily?a1425 the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adverb] > so as to be physically strong mightily?a1425 forcely?a1500 starkly1816 staunchly1825 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 389 (MED) He had myȝtily arayed him in verry feiþ & in stidefast hope. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 399 (MED) But se that hit be tymbred myghtyly. 1464 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 291 Arme yowre-selue as myghtyly as ye kan ageyn yowre enmyes. a1500 (?c1414) Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms 29 (MED) My bonys were stronge and myghtyly made. 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 81 That the clergy are all mightily furnished with Learning. 1863 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 93 679/1 You cannot look at it a moment, and not instantly avow the majesty and grandeur of the idea that once lay there so mightily embodied. 1866 J. B. L. Warren Philoctetes 31 O, mightily seated and Throned are our masters, And steadily rooted. b. Provided with a strong or powerful example or set of the attribute specified, frequently with the implication of resulting strength or power. ΚΠ 1596 H. Knyvett Def. Realme (1906) 10 How mightilie peopled, and how surelie you maie bee protected and defended. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes Although he was a man mightily friended, yet was he..banished. 1844 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 55 378 From the lofty foliaged brow, and the mightily bearded chin, Down over all his frame was the strength of a life within. 1898 L. Binyon Porphyrion 80 O mighty and mightily peopled city, Time is busy with thee. 1901 E. Arnold Voy. Ithobal v. 128 This river issues from its hills—Wonderful granite hills, fantastic, weird, Mightily cragged and cleft. 1905 W. H. Hunt Pre-Raphaelitism II. 74 The trees were mightily trunked and limbed. 1916 T. W. H. Crosland War Poems 11 Lovely, and mightily-thewed Mother of this great brood, Lo, the beatitude Falls on thee like a flood. 3. To a high degree, to a great extent; greatly, very much. Now chiefly colloquial.Especially common in the 17th and 18th centuries. Cf. earlier use of mightly adv. in same sense (see quot. a1525 at that entry). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] stronglyeOE felec950 strongeOE highlyOE highOE greatlya1200 stourlya1225 greata1325 dreec1330 deeplya1400 mightya1400 dreichlyc1400 mighty?a1425 sorec1440 mainlyc1450 greatumly1456 madc1487 profoundly1489 stronglya1492 muchwhata1513 shrewlya1529 heapa1547 vengeance?1548 sorely1562 smartlyc1580 mightly1582 mightily1587 violently1601 intensively1604 almightily1612 violent1629 seriously1643 intensely1646 importunately1660 shrewdly1664 gey1686 sadly1738 plenty1775 vitally1787 substantively1795 badly1813 far1814 heavily1819 serious1825 measurably1834 dearly1843 bally1939 majorly1955 sizzlingly1956 majorly1978 fecking1983 1587 A. Day tr. J. Amyot Longus' Daphnis & Chloe sig. N4^v They yeelded an estate & condition so mightilie different. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 iii. ii. 74 Herein thou wrongst thy children mightilie. 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor ii. iii Aye truely sir, I am mightily given to melancholy. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 74 [Athens] was after mightily inlarged by Theseus. 1668 S. Pepys Diary 6 Feb. (1976) IX. 54 I sat mightily behind, and could see but little. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iii. x. 243 This artificial Ignorance, and learned Gibberish, prevailed mightily in these last Ages. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 145. ⁋2 A Gentleman..who deals mightily in Antique Scandal. 1760 T. Gray Let. 2 Sept. in Corr. (1971) II. 700 A carpet mightily finish'd. 1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. x. 301 The enemies of righteousness shall make a terrible rattle, and shall mightily torment one another. 1782 J. Warton Ess. on Pope (new ed.) II. xii. 342 I should be mightily obliged to you, if you could get me a copy of his verses. 1838 C. Dickens Let. 1 Nov. (1965) I. 448 It amused us mightily. 1845 B. Disraeli Sybil II. iv. x. 261 Men..who lead a sort of facile, slipshod existence, doing nothing, yet mightily interested in what others do. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 421 I wonder mightily now what sort of a creature I should have turned out. 1908 J. Nehru Let. 13 Mar. in Sel. Wks. (1972) I. 47 His brother..vows that he will never do such a thing. But I should be mightily surprised if that was the case. 1942 C. Johnson Let. 21 June in K. Fleming Celia Johnson (1991) xv. 106 This mightily disturbed the sheep in the field. 1988 P. Gay Freud iv. 200 Once initiated, their friendship flourished mightily. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.eOE
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