mitzvahn.

Brit.

/ˈmɪtsvə/,

/ˈmɪtsfə/, U.S.

/ˈmɪtsvə/

Inflections: Plural mitzvahs, mitzvos Brit.

/mɪtsˈvəʊs/, U.S.

/mitsˈvoʊs/, mitzvot, mitzvoth Brit.

/mɪtsˈvɒt/, U.S.

/mitsˈvɔt/.

Forms: 1800s– misva, 1800s– mitzvah, 1900s– misvah, 1900s– mitsva, 1900s– mitsvah, 1900s– mitsve, 1900s– mitzva, 1900s– mitzveh, 1900s– mizvoh, 1900s– mizwah; also mitzwa

Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew miṣwāh.

Etymology: < Hebrew miṣwāh command, commandment (in post-biblical Hebrew also in senses ‘good deed, ceremonial duty’) < Hebrew ṣiwwāh to command, order. Compare Bar-Mitzvah n., Bat Mitzvah n.Transliterations of the Hebrew word occasionally occur earlier in English contexts, e.g.:1650 E. Chilmead tr. L. Modena Hist. Rites of Jews i. i. 2 Precepts of the Written Law..they call..Mizuoth de Oraita, that is to say, Præcepta Legis, Precepts of the Law. The second sort are..Mizuoth de Rabbanan,..Precepts of the Wise men.1753 Jewish Ritual 33 All the eight Cakes together, for the Service of both Nights, are call'd Mitzwoth, i.e. the Statutes. O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) gives the less naturalized pronunciation (mi·tsvā) /ˈmɪtsvɑː/.

Judaism.

a. A precept, a commandment; a (religious) duty or obligation. Also in plural: the commandments of the Jewish Law collectively.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > a command

wordOE

behestc1175

commandmentc1250

precepta1325

mandementc1325

saw1338

hotea1350

biddinga1400

highta1400

judgementc1405

order1543

imperea1546

command1552

shall?1553

impery1561

mandate1576

mandition1597

imperative1606

fiata1631

mitzvah1723

order of the day1804

hukum1838

prikaz1858

1723 H. Rowlands Mona Antiqua Restaurata i. 56 They both, as well those Jews as the antient Gentiles, follow'd a more antient Copy, the Mitzoth, the sacred Patriarchal Rubrick.

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 94 Women have no need to live as long as men, for they have not so many Mitzvahs to perform as men.

1917 M. Jung in Sinaist 1 3 Thus it is with the Torah and the Mitzvoth. The Torah is the mighty stream of spirituality. It would have produced no useful fruits..had the Mitzvah not been there to lead its divine floods into the houses, the hearts, and the minds of the individual members of the people.

1932 L. Golding Magnolia St. i. ii. 33 To break some of the less severe laws is almost accounted a mitzvah, a pious duty.

1973 Synagogue Light Sept. 11/1 There is great apprehension as to the meaning and message of this act of removing the shoe, which forms an essential part in the right and mitzvah of Chalitzah.

1980 Jewish Chron. 29 Apr. 31/1 (advt.) The successful candidate will be expected to teach Torah and Mitzvoth.

1980 Jewish Chron. 1 Aug. 7/3 According to the halacha (rabbinical law).., the mitzva to settle in the Land of Israel was on a two-fold basis; first, there was the personal obligation of every Jew to emigrate to Israel [etc.].

b. A good deed, a meritorious action; an act of kindness or compassion, esp. one that is not prescribed by a specific commandment but accords with the spirit of the Jewish Law. Also in trivial use.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > instance of

good workOE

work of almsa1400

work of charitya1500

mitzvah1892

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 95 Gittel will profit by the Mitzvah I did in bringing over my mother.

1920 L. Golding Forward from Babylon ix. 152 It is a mitzvah, an act of grace, to stand as long as possible during the Day of Atonement.

1959 W. L. Gresham Houdini xxi. 154 To Harry a good deed was something to be done quietly: ‘So when you do a mitzvah you don't take along a brass band.’

1962 B. Glanville Diamond vi. 69 When he hit you on the head, you were meant to take it as a mitzvah.

1981 Jewish Chron. 20 Mar. 23/5 My daughter..felt sure she was doing a mitzva by lending him £12 for his fare.

1988 Jerusalem Post 7 Oct. 14 (advt.) It will be a great mitzva to send a contribution.

2. Among Sephardic Jews: any of a number of prescribed ceremonial activities that form part of the ritual of the synagogue and are apportioned to members of the congregation.

ΚΠ

1827 in Publ. Amer. Jewish Hist. Soc. (1920) 27 108 That no person, either a member of this Congregation, or otherwise, who is in our Holy place of Worship, Wilfully neglecting to Wear a Talet at the time and period it is the Custom so to do, Shall be entitled to any Mitsvot whatsoever.

1831 Ascamot, or Laws & Regulations Jewish Congregation vii. 52 If these three Misvot as well as the Misva of saying the Zemirot, shall have been given..it shall not be given to any other.

1846 Jewish Chron. 10 July 173/2 The same successful result which has attended the abolition of the sale of Mitzwoth, by substituting a moderate and proportionate tax on the seats of the members, might likewise attend the abolition of the Misheberachs?

1875 J. Picciotto Sketches Anglo-Jewish Hist. xxv. 203 A member of one of the first families in the Portuguese Synagogue resigned his seat in the Synagogue only because he could not obtain a particular mitzvah or honour on the day of the Fast of Expiation.

1961 V. G. Simmons Path of Life v. 26 The prohibition of offerings and the sale of mitzvoth or honours during divine service.

1980 Jewish Chron. 19 Dec. 31/3 He has been called up to the Reading of the Law, given the mitzvah of Netillut Lulav and wheeled round the shul on Simchat Torah.

1981 Jewish Chron. 9 Jan. 35/2 This makes it very much easier for us to divide our mitzvot fairly amongst our members both during Shabbat and Yom Tov.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mitzvah
释义	mitzvahn. Brit. /ˈmɪtsvə/, /ˈmɪtsfə/, U.S. /ˈmɪtsvə/ Inflections: Plural mitzvahs, mitzvos Brit. /mɪtsˈvəʊs/, U.S. /mitsˈvoʊs/, mitzvot, mitzvoth Brit. /mɪtsˈvɒt/, U.S. /mitsˈvɔt/. Forms: 1800s– misva, 1800s– mitzvah, 1900s– misvah, 1900s– mitsva, 1900s– mitsvah, 1900s– mitsve, 1900s– mitzva, 1900s– mitzveh, 1900s– mizvoh, 1900s– mizwah; also mitzwa Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew miṣwāh. Etymology: < Hebrew miṣwāh command, commandment (in post-biblical Hebrew also in senses ‘good deed, ceremonial duty’) < Hebrew ṣiwwāh to command, order. Compare Bar-Mitzvah n., Bat Mitzvah n.Transliterations of the Hebrew word occasionally occur earlier in English contexts, e.g.:1650 E. Chilmead tr. L. Modena Hist. Rites of Jews i. i. 2 Precepts of the Written Law..they call..Mizuoth de Oraita, that is to say, Præcepta Legis, Precepts of the Law. The second sort are..Mizuoth de Rabbanan,..Precepts of the Wise men.1753 Jewish Ritual 33 All the eight Cakes together, for the Service of both Nights, are call'd Mitzwoth, i.e. the Statutes. O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) gives the less naturalized pronunciation (mi·tsvā) /ˈmɪtsvɑː/. Judaism. 1. a. A precept, a commandment; a (religious) duty or obligation. Also in plural: the commandments of the Jewish Law collectively. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > a command wordOE behestc1175 commandmentc1250 precepta1325 mandementc1325 saw1338 hotea1350 biddinga1400 highta1400 judgementc1405 order1543 imperea1546 command1552 shall?1553 impery1561 mandate1576 mandition1597 imperative1606 fiata1631 mitzvah1723 order of the day1804 hukum1838 prikaz1858 1723 H. Rowlands Mona Antiqua Restaurata i. 56 They both, as well those Jews as the antient Gentiles, follow'd a more antient Copy, the Mitzoth, the sacred Patriarchal Rubrick. 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 94 Women have no need to live as long as men, for they have not so many Mitzvahs to perform as men. 1917 M. Jung in Sinaist 1 3 Thus it is with the Torah and the Mitzvoth. The Torah is the mighty stream of spirituality. It would have produced no useful fruits..had the Mitzvah not been there to lead its divine floods into the houses, the hearts, and the minds of the individual members of the people. 1932 L. Golding Magnolia St. i. ii. 33 To break some of the less severe laws is almost accounted a mitzvah, a pious duty. 1973 Synagogue Light Sept. 11/1 There is great apprehension as to the meaning and message of this act of removing the shoe, which forms an essential part in the right and mitzvah of Chalitzah. 1980 Jewish Chron. 29 Apr. 31/1 (advt.) The successful candidate will be expected to teach Torah and Mitzvoth. 1980 Jewish Chron. 1 Aug. 7/3 According to the halacha (rabbinical law).., the mitzva to settle in the Land of Israel was on a two-fold basis; first, there was the personal obligation of every Jew to emigrate to Israel [etc.]. b. A good deed, a meritorious action; an act of kindness or compassion, esp. one that is not prescribed by a specific commandment but accords with the spirit of the Jewish Law. Also in trivial use. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > instance of good workOE work of almsa1400 work of charitya1500 mitzvah1892 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 95 Gittel will profit by the Mitzvah I did in bringing over my mother. 1920 L. Golding Forward from Babylon ix. 152 It is a mitzvah, an act of grace, to stand as long as possible during the Day of Atonement. 1959 W. L. Gresham Houdini xxi. 154 To Harry a good deed was something to be done quietly: ‘So when you do a mitzvah you don't take along a brass band.’ 1962 B. Glanville Diamond vi. 69 When he hit you on the head, you were meant to take it as a mitzvah. 1981 Jewish Chron. 20 Mar. 23/5 My daughter..felt sure she was doing a mitzva by lending him £12 for his fare. 1988 Jerusalem Post 7 Oct. 14 (advt.) It will be a great mitzva to send a contribution. 2. Among Sephardic Jews: any of a number of prescribed ceremonial activities that form part of the ritual of the synagogue and are apportioned to members of the congregation. ΚΠ 1827 in Publ. Amer. Jewish Hist. Soc. (1920) 27 108 That no person, either a member of this Congregation, or otherwise, who is in our Holy place of Worship, Wilfully neglecting to Wear a Talet at the time and period it is the Custom so to do, Shall be entitled to any Mitsvot whatsoever. 1831 Ascamot, or Laws & Regulations Jewish Congregation vii. 52 If these three Misvot as well as the Misva of saying the Zemirot, shall have been given..it shall not be given to any other. 1846 Jewish Chron. 10 July 173/2 The same successful result which has attended the abolition of the sale of Mitzwoth, by substituting a moderate and proportionate tax on the seats of the members, might likewise attend the abolition of the Misheberachs? 1875 J. Picciotto Sketches Anglo-Jewish Hist. xxv. 203 A member of one of the first families in the Portuguese Synagogue resigned his seat in the Synagogue only because he could not obtain a particular mitzvah or honour on the day of the Fast of Expiation. 1961 V. G. Simmons Path of Life v. 26 The prohibition of offerings and the sale of mitzvoth or honours during divine service. 1980 Jewish Chron. 19 Dec. 31/3 He has been called up to the Reading of the Law, given the mitzvah of Netillut Lulav and wheeled round the shul on Simchat Torah. 1981 Jewish Chron. 9 Jan. 35/2 This makes it very much easier for us to divide our mitzvot fairly amongst our members both during Shabbat and Yom Tov. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1723
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