middle termn.

Brit.

/ˌmɪdl ˈtəːm/, U.S.

/ˌmɪd(ə)l ˈtərm/

Forms: see middle adj. and term n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: middle adj., term n.

Etymology: < middle adj. + term n. Compare post-classical Latin terminus medius (1159, a1217 in British sources), also medium (noun; c1250 in a British source).

1. Chiefly Mathematics. The second of three terms in a progression, equation, or inequality.

ΚΠ

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke Annot. sig. *3 Harmonical proportion is..when the greatest of three termes is so to the least as the difference of the greatest and middle termes, is to the difference of the middle and least.

1817 H. T. Colebrooke tr. Bhāskara Āchārya in Algebra 207 The resolution of these equations is so named, because it is in general effected by making the middle term..disappear from between two square terms.

1879 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 2 71 There is a symmetry in regard to the terms Z₀, Z₃₆; Z₁, Z₃₅; &c., equidistant from the middle term Z₁₈.

1996 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 352 1077 For the second inequality above note that the middle term is a decreasing function of its arguments.

2. Logic. The term common to both premises of a syllogism.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > [noun] > middle term

medium1587

mean1599

middle term1605

argument1724

middle1826

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Nn2^v Certaine it is, that Middle Propositions, cannot be diduced from them [sc. some axioms] in Subiect of Nature by Syllogisme, that is, by Touch, and Reduction of them to Principles in a Middle Terme .

1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 258 If the last extreame be affirmed of the middle terme, and the middle terme of the first extreame.

1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii Syllogisms are divided into various Kinds, either according to the Question which is proved by them,..or according to the middle Term.

1853 W. Thomson Outl. Laws of Thought (ed. 3) §93. 217 The two judgments in which the middle term occurs, are called the premisses.

1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 284 The commonest fallacy is ambiguity of the middle term.

1994 Philos. Perspectives 8 94 Every mediate inference pivots on a middle term of some kind, on the ability to recognize that two thought tokens share a content.

†3. An intermediate degree or level. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. I1 Which honour [sc. Apotheosis] being so high, had also a degree or middle tearme .

4. A thing intermediate between two other things; a condition, situation, or activity that is equally removed from two opposite extremes; a mean; spec. an arithmetical mean, an average.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > condition of being mean or average > [noun] > mean

middlingOE

middlelOE

meanc1450

neutralityc1475

moyen1484

temper?1523

mediety1573

medium1593

temperature1598

temperament1604

intermedial1605

median1635

intermediate1650

average1737

middle term1754

mesne1821

intermediacy1836

intermediary1865

1754 Connoisseur (1755) No. 44. 261 I could not help wishing on this occasion that some middle term was invented between Miss and Mrs. to be adopted, at a certain age, by all females not inclined to matrimony.

1790 T. Jefferson Writings (1984) 4 July 393 The proposition..to take that [latitude] of 45° as being a middle term between the equator and both poles..appeared to me..so just that [etc.].

1845 C. M. Kirkland Western Clearings 93 Hunting the deer..is a sort of middle term—a something between play and work.

1853 in Jrnl. Statist. Soc. (1871) 34 122 The figure of 51,898,000l. appears to be a fairly correct amount for the year 1826-7, being a middle term between our estimate of 40,121,000l. for 1813-15, and the ascertained figure of 62,540,000l. for 1841.

1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) xxxvi. 554 To speak truth's to talk In God's own tongue, truth middle term 'twixt earth And heaven.

1978 R. Kelly Convections 74 I am a Mean Flower,..cantankerous, persistent, but as well the middle term between something & nothing, between thinking & thought.

1998 Amer. Jrnl. Polit. Sci. 42 1120 Argos represents a middle term between Theban tyranny and Athenian democracy.

5. The middle period of a person's life. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > middle-aged person > [noun] > middle age

middle lifec1330

middle agec1400

mid-agec1450

middle eldc1450

middle yearsc1450

meridian1607

a certain age1748

mid-life1818

middle term1839

1839 W. H. Ainsworth Jack Sheppard II. iii. v. 180 Though not much passed the middle term of life, he seemed prematurely stricken with old age.

1884 ‘M. Field’ Callirrhoë ii. v. 52 Youth is the prodigal of golden wealth; The middle term of life becomes a miser.

1900 Living Age 14 Apr. 100/2 Most people, arrived at that middle term of life of which we are speaking, know that [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	middle term
释义	middle termn. Brit. /ˌmɪdl ˈtəːm/, U.S. /ˌmɪd(ə)l ˈtərm/ Forms: see middle adj. and term n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: middle adj., term n. Etymology: < middle adj. + term n. Compare post-classical Latin terminus medius (1159, a1217 in British sources), also medium (noun; c1250 in a British source). 1. Chiefly Mathematics. The second of three terms in a progression, equation, or inequality. ΚΠ 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke Annot. sig. 3 Harmonical proportion is..when the greatest of three termes is so to the least as the difference of the greatest and middle termes, is to the difference of the middle and least. 1817 H. T. Colebrooke tr. Bhāskara Āchārya in Algebra* 207 The resolution of these equations is so named, because it is in general effected by making the middle term..disappear from between two square terms. 1879 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 2 71 There is a symmetry in regard to the terms Z₀, Z₃₆; Z₁, Z₃₅; &c., equidistant from the middle term Z₁₈. 1996 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 352 1077 For the second inequality above note that the middle term is a decreasing function of its arguments. 2. Logic. The term common to both premises of a syllogism. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > [noun] > middle term medium1587 mean1599 middle term1605 argument1724 middle1826 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Nn2^v Certaine it is, that Middle Propositions, cannot be diduced from them [sc. some axioms] in Subiect of Nature by Syllogisme, that is, by Touch, and Reduction of them to Principles in a Middle Terme . View more context for this quotation 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 258 If the last extreame be affirmed of the middle terme, and the middle terme of the first extreame. 1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii Syllogisms are divided into various Kinds, either according to the Question which is proved by them,..or according to the middle Term. 1853 W. Thomson Outl. Laws of Thought (ed. 3) §93. 217 The two judgments in which the middle term occurs, are called the premisses. 1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 284 The commonest fallacy is ambiguity of the middle term. 1994 Philos. Perspectives 8 94 Every mediate inference pivots on a middle term of some kind, on the ability to recognize that two thought tokens share a content. †3. An intermediate degree or level. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. I1 Which honour [sc. Apotheosis] being so high, had also a degree or middle tearme . View more context for this quotation 4. A thing intermediate between two other things; a condition, situation, or activity that is equally removed from two opposite extremes; a mean; spec. an arithmetical mean, an average. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > condition of being mean or average > [noun] > mean middlingOE middlelOE meanc1450 neutralityc1475 moyen1484 temper?1523 mediety1573 medium1593 temperature1598 temperament1604 intermedial1605 median1635 intermediate1650 average1737 middle term1754 mesne1821 intermediacy1836 intermediary1865 1754 Connoisseur (1755) No. 44. 261 I could not help wishing on this occasion that some middle term was invented between Miss and Mrs. to be adopted, at a certain age, by all females not inclined to matrimony. 1790 T. Jefferson Writings (1984) 4 July 393 The proposition..to take that [latitude] of 45° as being a middle term between the equator and both poles..appeared to me..so just that [etc.]. 1845 C. M. Kirkland Western Clearings 93 Hunting the deer..is a sort of middle term—a something between play and work. 1853 in Jrnl. Statist. Soc. (1871) 34 122 The figure of 51,898,000l. appears to be a fairly correct amount for the year 1826-7, being a middle term between our estimate of 40,121,000l. for 1813-15, and the ascertained figure of 62,540,000l. for 1841. 1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) xxxvi. 554 To speak truth's to talk In God's own tongue, truth middle term 'twixt earth And heaven. 1978 R. Kelly Convections 74 I am a Mean Flower,..cantankerous, persistent, but as well the middle term between something & nothing, between thinking & thought. 1998 Amer. Jrnl. Polit. Sci. 42 1120 Argos represents a middle term between Theban tyranny and Athenian democracy. 5. The middle period of a person's life. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > middle-aged person > [noun] > middle age middle lifec1330 middle agec1400 mid-agec1450 middle eldc1450 middle yearsc1450 meridian1607 a certain age1748 mid-life1818 middle term1839 1839 W. H. Ainsworth Jack Sheppard II. iii. v. 180 Though not much passed the middle term of life, he seemed prematurely stricken with old age. 1884 ‘M. Field’ Callirrhoë ii. v. 52 Youth is the prodigal of golden wealth; The middle term of life becomes a miser. 1900 Living Age 14 Apr. 100/2 Most people, arrived at that middle term of life of which we are speaking, know that [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1597
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