mongern.¹

Brit.

/ˈmʌŋɡə/, U.S.

/ˈmɑŋɡər/,

/ˈməŋɡər/

Forms: Old English mancgere, Old English mangere, Old English–Middle English mongere, late Old English mangeara (rare), Middle English mangar, Middle English mangare, Middle English manger, Middle English–1600s mounger, Middle English–1500s mongar, Middle English– monger, 1500s moonger, 1500s–1600s munger; Scottish pre-1700 mongar, pre-1700 mongare, pre-1700 moungar, pre-1700 mungar, pre-1700 munger, pre-1700 1700s– monger.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon mongari , Old High German mangari , mengari , Old Icelandic mangari , probably directly < classical Latin mangō dealer, trader (see mango n.²), with substitution of the Germanic base of -er suffix¹ for the Latin agent-noun suffix; compare also mong v. With sense 2 compare Old Saxon flesmongere, Middle High German vleischmanger, Old Icelandic kjöt-mangari butcher.Also apparently commonly attested in surnames from the late 13th cent., as Thom' Mangar (1279), and in place names from the early 13th cent., as Mangertone (1207; now Mangerton, Dorset), Mangersford (1442; Devon). Compounds are also commonly attested in surnames from the late 12th or early 13th cent., as Haimanger (see quot. c1191-1210 at sense 2), Heymonger (see quot. 1297 at sense 2), Adam le Henmongere (1263), Le Hennemongere (1312), and in place names, as Haymongeregate (1240; street name in York).

a. A merchant, trader, dealer, or trafficker (frequently of a specified commodity); (from the 16th cent.) a person engaged in a petty or disreputable trade or traffic.Sometimes short for an established compound such as cheesemonger (see sense 2), where the context makes this clear.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trader > [noun]

mongereOE

chapmanc890

haberdasher1311

need doera1382

handlera1398

unfreeman1445

occupier1509

taker-up1548

trafficker1560

pliers1565

copeman1566

trader1566

copemaster1579

couper1581

drover1585

negotiator1596

merchandiser1597

coper1609

dealer1611

commercer1632

market-maker1647

general dealer1709

negotianta1774

outfitter1829

man-

eOE Royal Charter: Æðelwulf to Iðda (Sawyer 287) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1885) I. 598 Unum merkatorem quem eam lingua nostra mangere mominamus.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xiii. 45 Eft is heofena rice gelic þam mangere þe sohte þæt gode meregrot.

OE Wulfstan Canons of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) (1972) xiv. 4 We lærað þæt preosta gehwilc tilige him rihtlice, & ne beo ænig mangere mid unrihte.

c1225 ( Ælfric Gloss. (Worcester) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 539 Mercator, uel negociator, mangare.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1590 Marchandes, Monymakers, Mongers of fyche.

1567 J. Jewel tr. St. Augustine in Def. Apol. Churche Eng. vi. xvi. 700 Againste theise Moungers of Miracles my God hath armed me.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 485 One rich munger or other, buying vp a commodity,..for to haue the Monopoly of it, raiseth the market.

1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall i. sig. B Fvt. I am..no monopolist Of forged Corantos, monger of Gazets. Pie. Monger of courtezans, fine Futelli.

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. vii. 111 Their [sc. the Barbers'] shops are..the Magazines of all Newes..All the Mongers of that kinde come thither for matter and Inspiration.

1786 R. Burns Loyal Native 4 Send Willie the monger to hell with a smack.

1812 Religionism 23 Cheese-mongers not more like, nor beans, each other; For every monger is a monger's brother.

1874 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera IV. xxxviii. 33 He would be..more reverend to mortals..as a true monger of sweet fish.

1899 Bulletin (Sydney) 6 May 14/2 A simple, good-natured old publican..used to be a good deal victimised by cadgers and bogus shearers at two-up and so forth. One of these ‘mongers’ once rang-in a bad half-sov. on ‘Old George’.

1925 Cent. Mag. Jan. 345/1 Fruit one knew from the monger's stall here grew in profusion.

1995 Focus Aug. 70/3 [The] MP..once described all bulletin boards as mongers of pornography and pirate software.

†b. Short for whoremonger n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > womanizing or associating with loose women > one who

horlinga1200

holourc1230

whore-mana1325

putourc1390

putroura1425

whoremastera1425

whoremonger?a1472

putyer1477

whoredomerc1485

holarda1500

whore-keeper1530

mutton-monger1532

smell-smock?1545

stallion1553

woman-louper1568

limb-lifter1579

Lusty Laurence1582

punker1582

wencher1593

womanist1608

belly-bumper1611

sheep-biter1611

stringer1613

fleshmongera1616

hunt-smock1624

whorer1624

womanizer1626

woman errant1628

mongera1637

linen-lifter1652

whorster1654

whorehopper1664

cousin1694

smocker1708

mutton-master1729

woman dangler1850

masher1872

chippy chaser1887

chaser1894

stud1895

molrower1896

skirt-chaser1942

a1604 F. Thynne Emblems & Epigrams (1871) 68 ‘What monger maiest thow bee..vnknowne as yett to all this companie?’ Fforthwith the mann, as pertest of them all, sayed hee a whoremonger was knowne to bee.]

a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub ii. iii. 74 in Wks. (1640) III This Chanon has a brave pate of his owne! A shaven pate! And a right monger, y' vaith!

1706 E. Baynard in J. Floyer Anc. Ψυχρολουσια Revived (rev. ed.) ii. 95 Some strong young Mongers of good Constitutions, have brush'd through such misfortunes.

2. As the final element in compounds designating a dealer, trader, or trafficker in a particular commodity. (Now the principal use.)Originally literally a trader, as cheese-, coster-, fish-, flesh-, ironmonger, etc.; but in formations dating from the 16th cent. also in extended use (frequently derogatory), as ceremony-, fashion-, mass-, merit-, news-, pardon-, scandal-monger, etc.The more important compounds of both kinds are treated as main entries or under their first element; the following are examples of ad hoc formations.

ΚΠ

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 131 Colobysta, peningmongere.

c1191–1210 in A. H. Smith Place-names E. Riding Yorks. & York (1937) 290 [Robert] Haimanger.

1297 in W. P. W. Phillimore Placita Coram Rege (1898) 143 Willelmum le Heymonger.

?1548 J. Bale Image Bothe Churches (new ed.) iii. sig. Ccvi Foule priestes.., and holy water mongers, daylye peruertinge the ignoraunt people.

c1630 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 30 I fand one which hath bene of old a supersedias mounger.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 151 The impatient States-Monger Could now contain himself no longer.

1748 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 6 Dec. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1270 The numerous..tribe of insect-mongers, shell-mongers, and pursuers and driers of butterflies.

1761 C. Churchill Rosciad 15 The nice punctilio-mongers of this age.

1829 R. Southey Sir Thomas More i. v. 109 The humanity-mongers, who deny the necessity and lawfulness of inflicting capital punishment in any case.

1863 C. Kingsley Lett. (1877) II. 181 My only fear is that people will fancy me a verbal-inspiration-monger.

1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xxx. 382 As a rule, a knight is a lummux,..and hence open to pretty poor arguments when they come glibly from a superstition-monger.

1900 Academy 28 July 73/2 Ah, Mr. Haggard, what an incorrigible hero-monger you are!

1933 G. B. Shaw Polit. Madhouse in Amer. 10 What else do our crazy conference-mongers expect?

1982 Face May 8/2 A seemingly endless parade of nihilistic noise-mongers.

1992 ‘J. Gash’ Lies of Fair Ladies (1993) xxi. 152 The clothes look straight off a tat-monger's street barrow.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mongern.²

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: monger n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a specific use of monger n.¹Perhaps compare Middle English mangbot (14th cent. in post-classical Latin context in British sources), term for a type of Thames fishing boat (see further L. Wright Sources of London Eng. (1996) 147).

Obsolete.

A kind of fishing vessel.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > fishing vessel > [noun] > other types of fishing vessel

spindlers-boat1243

manfare1326

stall boat1328

dogger1338

hackboat1344

coble1493

peter-boat1540

monger1558

trimboat1558

shotter1580

crab-skuit1614

fly-boat1614

cantera1642

dogger-boat1646

cag1666

yawl1670

barca-longa1681

hogboat1784

fishing-smack1785

hooker1801

hatch-boat1828

pinkie1840

fishing-bark1841

pookhaun1851

garookuh1855

jigger1860

fisher-bark1862

fisher-keel1870

Norwegian1872

scaf1877

mule coble1883

mule1884

Zulu1884

novy1885

tosher1885

skipjack1887

fleeter1888

fishing-float1893

rodney1895

mutton-ham boat1899

nobby1899

sinagot1927

sport fisherman1937

sport fisher1940

ski-boat1964

belly boat1976

1558 in F. G. Emmison Elizabethan Life (1980) (modernized text) V. 145 My monger ready furnished to the sea.

1561 R. Eden in tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation Pref. sig. ¶ iv^v Fyshermen that go a trawlyng for fyshe in Catches or mongers.

1570 Act 13 Eliz. c. 11 §3 The Catches, Mongers and Picardes pretendyng to buy fressh Herrynges.

1590 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1998) (modernized text) XI. 83 To Tobias my son half of my monger or great boat with half the implements.

1831 T. O'Scanlan Diccionario Marítimo Español App. 94/2 Monger, barco pescador.]

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

单词	monger
释义	mongern.¹ Brit. /ˈmʌŋɡə/, U.S. /ˈmɑŋɡər/, /ˈməŋɡər/ Forms: Old English mancgere, Old English mangere, Old English–Middle English mongere, late Old English mangeara (rare), Middle English mangar, Middle English mangare, Middle English manger, Middle English–1600s mounger, Middle English–1500s mongar, Middle English– monger, 1500s moonger, 1500s–1600s munger; Scottish pre-1700 mongar, pre-1700 mongare, pre-1700 moungar, pre-1700 mungar, pre-1700 munger, pre-1700 1700s– monger. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon mongari , Old High German mangari , mengari , Old Icelandic mangari , probably directly < classical Latin mangō dealer, trader (see mango n.²), with substitution of the Germanic base of -er suffix¹ for the Latin agent-noun suffix; compare also mong v. With sense 2 compare Old Saxon flesmongere, Middle High German vleischmanger, Old Icelandic kjöt-mangari butcher.Also apparently commonly attested in surnames from the late 13th cent., as Thom' Mangar (1279), and in place names from the early 13th cent., as Mangertone (1207; now Mangerton, Dorset), Mangersford (1442; Devon). Compounds are also commonly attested in surnames from the late 12th or early 13th cent., as Haimanger (see quot. c1191-1210 at sense 2), Heymonger (see quot. 1297 at sense 2), Adam le Henmongere (1263), Le Hennemongere (1312), and in place names, as Haymongeregate (1240; street name in York). 1. a. A merchant, trader, dealer, or trafficker (frequently of a specified commodity); (from the 16th cent.) a person engaged in a petty or disreputable trade or traffic.Sometimes short for an established compound such as cheesemonger (see sense 2), where the context makes this clear. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trader > [noun] mongereOE chapmanc890 haberdasher1311 need doera1382 handlera1398 unfreeman1445 occupier1509 taker-up1548 trafficker1560 pliers1565 copeman1566 trader1566 copemaster1579 couper1581 drover1585 negotiator1596 merchandiser1597 coper1609 dealer1611 commercer1632 market-maker1647 general dealer1709 negotianta1774 outfitter1829 man- eOE Royal Charter: Æðelwulf to Iðda (Sawyer 287) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1885) I. 598 Unum merkatorem quem eam lingua nostra mangere mominamus. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xiii. 45 Eft is heofena rice gelic þam mangere þe sohte þæt gode meregrot. OE Wulfstan Canons of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) (1972) xiv. 4 We lærað þæt preosta gehwilc tilige him rihtlice, & ne beo ænig mangere mid unrihte. c1225 ( Ælfric Gloss. (Worcester) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 539 Mercator, uel negociator, mangare. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1590 Marchandes, Monymakers, Mongers of fyche. 1567 J. Jewel tr. St. Augustine in Def. Apol. Churche Eng. vi. xvi. 700 Againste theise Moungers of Miracles my God hath armed me. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 485 One rich munger or other, buying vp a commodity,..for to haue the Monopoly of it, raiseth the market. 1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall i. sig. B Fvt. I am..no monopolist Of forged Corantos, monger of Gazets. Pie. Monger of courtezans, fine Futelli. 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. vii. 111 Their [sc. the Barbers'] shops are..the Magazines of all Newes..All the Mongers of that kinde come thither for matter and Inspiration. 1786 R. Burns Loyal Native 4 Send Willie the monger to hell with a smack. 1812 Religionism 23 Cheese-mongers not more like, nor beans, each other; For every monger is a monger's brother. 1874 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera IV. xxxviii. 33 He would be..more reverend to mortals..as a true monger of sweet fish. 1899 Bulletin (Sydney) 6 May 14/2 A simple, good-natured old publican..used to be a good deal victimised by cadgers and bogus shearers at two-up and so forth. One of these ‘mongers’ once rang-in a bad half-sov. on ‘Old George’. 1925 Cent. Mag. Jan. 345/1 Fruit one knew from the monger's stall here grew in profusion. 1995 Focus Aug. 70/3 [The] MP..once described all bulletin boards as mongers of pornography and pirate software. †b. Short for whoremonger n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > womanizing or associating with loose women > one who horlinga1200 holourc1230 whore-mana1325 putourc1390 putroura1425 whoremastera1425 whoremonger?a1472 putyer1477 whoredomerc1485 holarda1500 whore-keeper1530 mutton-monger1532 smell-smock?1545 stallion1553 woman-louper1568 limb-lifter1579 Lusty Laurence1582 punker1582 wencher1593 womanist1608 belly-bumper1611 sheep-biter1611 stringer1613 fleshmongera1616 hunt-smock1624 whorer1624 womanizer1626 woman errant1628 mongera1637 linen-lifter1652 whorster1654 whorehopper1664 cousin1694 smocker1708 mutton-master1729 woman dangler1850 masher1872 chippy chaser1887 chaser1894 stud1895 molrower1896 skirt-chaser1942 a1604 F. Thynne Emblems & Epigrams (1871) 68 ‘What monger maiest thow bee..vnknowne as yett to all this companie?’ Fforthwith the mann, as pertest of them all, sayed hee a whoremonger was knowne to bee.] a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub ii. iii. 74 in Wks. (1640) III This Chanon has a brave pate of his owne! A shaven pate! And a right monger, y' vaith! View more context for this quotation 1706 E. Baynard in J. Floyer Anc. Ψυχρολουσια Revived (rev. ed.) ii. 95 Some strong young Mongers of good Constitutions, have brush'd through such misfortunes. 2. As the final element in compounds designating a dealer, trader, or trafficker in a particular commodity. (Now the principal use.)Originally literally a trader, as cheese-, coster-, fish-, flesh-, ironmonger, etc.; but in formations dating from the 16th cent. also in extended use (frequently derogatory), as ceremony-, fashion-, mass-, merit-, news-, pardon-, scandal-monger, etc.The more important compounds of both kinds are treated as main entries or under their first element; the following are examples of ad hoc formations. ΚΠ eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 131 Colobysta, peningmongere. c1191–1210 in A. H. Smith Place-names E. Riding Yorks. & York (1937) 290 [Robert] Haimanger. 1297 in W. P. W. Phillimore Placita Coram Rege (1898) 143 Willelmum le Heymonger. ?1548 J. Bale Image Bothe Churches (new ed.) iii. sig. Ccvi Foule priestes.., and holy water mongers, daylye peruertinge the ignoraunt people. c1630 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 30 I fand one which hath bene of old a supersedias mounger. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 151 The impatient States-Monger Could now contain himself no longer. 1748 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 6 Dec. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1270 The numerous..tribe of insect-mongers, shell-mongers, and pursuers and driers of butterflies. 1761 C. Churchill Rosciad 15 The nice punctilio-mongers of this age. 1829 R. Southey Sir Thomas More i. v. 109 The humanity-mongers, who deny the necessity and lawfulness of inflicting capital punishment in any case. 1863 C. Kingsley Lett. (1877) II. 181 My only fear is that people will fancy me a verbal-inspiration-monger. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xxx. 382 As a rule, a knight is a lummux,..and hence open to pretty poor arguments when they come glibly from a superstition-monger. 1900 Academy 28 July 73/2 Ah, Mr. Haggard, what an incorrigible hero-monger you are! 1933 G. B. Shaw Polit. Madhouse in Amer. 10 What else do our crazy conference-mongers expect? 1982 Face May 8/2 A seemingly endless parade of nihilistic noise-mongers. 1992 ‘J. Gash’ Lies of Fair Ladies (1993) xxi. 152 The clothes look straight off a tat-monger's street barrow. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † mongern.² Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: monger n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a specific use of monger n.¹Perhaps compare Middle English mangbot (14th cent. in post-classical Latin context in British sources), term for a type of Thames fishing boat (see further L. Wright Sources of London Eng. (1996) 147). Obsolete. A kind of fishing vessel. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > fishing vessel > [noun] > other types of fishing vessel spindlers-boat1243 manfare1326 stall boat1328 dogger1338 hackboat1344 coble1493 peter-boat1540 monger1558 trimboat1558 shotter1580 crab-skuit1614 fly-boat1614 cantera1642 dogger-boat1646 cag1666 yawl1670 barca-longa1681 hogboat1784 fishing-smack1785 hooker1801 hatch-boat1828 pinkie1840 fishing-bark1841 pookhaun1851 garookuh1855 jigger1860 fisher-bark1862 fisher-keel1870 Norwegian1872 scaf1877 mule coble1883 mule1884 Zulu1884 novy1885 tosher1885 skipjack1887 fleeter1888 fishing-float1893 rodney1895 mutton-ham boat1899 nobby1899 sinagot1927 sport fisherman1937 sport fisher1940 ski-boat1964 belly boat1976 1558 in F. G. Emmison Elizabethan Life (1980) (modernized text) V. 145 My monger ready furnished to the sea. 1561 R. Eden in tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation Pref. sig. ¶ iv^v Fyshermen that go a trawlyng for fyshe in Catches or mongers. 1570 Act 13 Eliz. c. 11 §3 The Catches, Mongers and Picardes pretendyng to buy fressh Herrynges. 1590 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1998) (modernized text) XI. 83 To Tobias my son half of my monger or great boat with half the implements. 1831 T. O'Scanlan Diccionario Marítimo Español App. 94/2 Monger, barco pescador.] This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2019). mongerv. Brit. /ˈmʌŋɡə/, U.S. /ˈmɑŋɡər/, /ˈməŋɡər/ Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) formed within English, by back-formation. Etymons: monger n.¹; mongering n., mongering adj. Etymology: Either < monger n.¹, or back-formation < mongering n. or mongering adj. transitive. To deal or traffic in. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > [verb (transitive)] monga1250 corsec1440 coss14.. merchant1511 chafferc1535 merchandise1538 mart1589 trade1589 broke1598 factor1611 handle1638 commercea1641 chop1645 chaffera1657 job1701 truck1715 to turn in1822 monger1928 1928 Observer 5 Feb. 15/1 Both American and British opinion is laughing out of court those who monger their scares about the United States Navy. 1962 Times Lit. Suppl. 10 Aug. 570/3 I laughed at her and told her, that she cannot monger any money out of my pocket. 1986 ‘A. Burgess’ Homage to QWERT YUIOP 124 Not even Hedda Hopper could monger scandal in her regard. 1992 New Yorker 11 May 41/1 There were Mongols hawking sheepskins,..North Koreans flogging jewelry and Vietnamese mongering shirts and leather jackets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹eOEn.²1558v.1928
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mongern.1

† mongern.2

mongerv.

mongern.¹

† mongern.²