| 释义 |
minnown.adj. Origin: Probably a word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Probably the reflex of an unattested Old English cognate of Old High German munewa, munuwa (glossing classical Latin capitō a kind of fish; Middle High German münwe, German Münne) < a variant of the Germanic base of Old English myne (glossing or translating classical Latin capitō and mēna, and post-classical Latin murenula), West Frisian meun, mûne, Dutch meun (1617), Middle Low German mȫne; further etymology uncertain.The vowel of the first syllable and the application specifically to a small fish may have been influenced by association with Anglo-Norman, Old French menu small (see menu n.); compare use of Anglo-Norman menu denoting a minnow (1396). Compare also menise n., which in plural use is frequently indistinguishable from this word. The β. forms may arise from an unattested Anglo-Norman formation in -oun (compare -oon suffix) < the English word (compare forms in quot. 1489 at sense A. 1β. ); association with minim n.1 may also have influenced β. forms. Compare mennard n., minute n.1 4. In forms minnie, minny probably remodelled after -y suffix6; among other forms occasionally attested are (English regional) mingy, mintow, (U.S. regional) minter, minkle, mineral. A. n. I. Any of several (esp. small) types of fish. the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > genus Leuciscus > leuciscus phoxinus (minnow) the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > fish used as bait α. a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 2v Afforus, a menew. c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. (1963) 173 (MED) Ye schall angle to hym marche, with a menew hangud by ȝowr hoke. a1475 (Sloane) (1862) 54 Trouȝte, sperlynges, and menwus. 1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in (rev. ed.) sig. iijv The menow whan he shynith in the water thenne is he byttyr. a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 704/44 Hic solimicus, a menawe. 1558 c. 17 §4 Places where Smeltes, Loches, Mynneis,..or Eeles, hathe been used to bee taken. 1615 G. Markham (1668) i. xiv. 72 His best bait is a little small Roch, Dace, or Menew. 1656 A. Cowley Davideis i. 20 in The mute Fish witness no less his Praise... From Minoes to those living Islands, Whales. 1668 W. Charleton 160 Phoxinus Lævis, seu varius..the Minow, or Minoe. 1706 (new ed.) Menow, a little Fresh-water Fish, otherwise call'd a Cackrel. 1787 T. Best i. v. 47 The minnow, though one of the smallest fishes, is as excellent a one to eat as any of the most famed. 1808 J. Wolcot One more Peep at Royal Acad. in (1816) IV. 405 To move a mennow, who would wish—In paltry brooks a paltry fish—While Nature offers him to roll a whale! 1879 R. Jefferies 356 The minnie, as the stickleback is locally called. 1903 T. Hardy i. ii. iv. 47 I wonder King George is let venture down on this coast, where he might be snapped up in a moment like a minney by a her'n. 1933 D. Macdonald 115 The clear, cold, pinnacle stream, of which the spotted Kosciusko minnow is still the sole occupant. 1988 C. McWilliam (1989) xiii. 116 Adults..whom I would wheedle into pushing me on the swing, or taking me to catch minnows. 2. 1820 in (1877) XIII. ix. i. 32 51st species, Red Minny, Rutilus ? Ruber. 1877 D. S. Jordan in XIII. ix. i. 30 (note) Length [of Warty Chubby] from 3 to 4 inches, often called Minny or Red-Fin. 1880 A. Günther 596 Other similar genera [of carps] from the fresh waters of North America, and generally called ‘Minnows’, are Pimephales [etc.]. 1888 G. B. Goode 420 One of the most beautiful of our species is the ‘Black-striped Minnow’, Rhinichthys atronasus,..abundant in clear brooks and mountain streams from Ohio and Virginia to New England. 1961 E. S. Herald 116/2 In the southeastern United States the minnows usually selected for commercial production are the fathead, Pimephales promelas; the goldfish, Carassius auratus; and the golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas. 1985 A. Wheeler 172/2 C[yprinodon] variegatus sheepshead minnow. 1994 J. S. Nelson (ed. 3) 131 Family Cyprinidae—minnows or carps. the world > animals > fish > [noun] > small 1820 C. S. Rafinesque 37 Black Hogfish. Etheostoma nigra... Vulgar name Black minny. 1842 J. E. De Kay iv. 218 This fish [sc. Fundulus heteroclitus] is known under the names of Minny (minnow), and more generally of Big Killie. 1870 4 386 The Mud Minnow (Melanura limi). 1911 (U.S. Bur. Census Special Rep.) 317 Surf-fish (Embiotocidae)... Also called..‘minny’..along their northern range. 1943 S. Eddy & T. Surber 113 Western Creek Chubsucker (Sweet Sucker, Pin Minnow)... A small sucker rarely exceeding 10 inches in length. 1990 T. C. Boyle i. 115 He came up with a writhing grab bag of fascinating things—pirate perch, golden top minnow, needle-nosed gar, [etc.]. the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > member of family Galaxiidae 1898 E. E. Morris 209/2 Inanga,..a New Zealand fish... It is often called the Whitebait and Minnow. 1906 D. G. Stead 49 The Australian minnows (Family: Galaxiidae)..are very prettily marked and spotted. 1951 T. C. Roughley (rev. ed.) 156 It [sc. whitebait] is composed mainly of the young fry of small fish called minnows or jollytails (Galaxias attenuatus). II. Extended uses. the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [noun] > that which is small > a small thing > typical examples of 1596 T. Nashe sig. N Let him denie that there was another Shewe made of the little Minnow his [sc. Gabriel Harvey's] Brother. 1613 J. Boys i. 22 Little children must bee caught and brought vnto Christ, and after these minumes are baptised in the sacred font, they must be catechised and further instructed in the principles of holy religion. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. i. 92 Heare you this Triton of the Minnoues ? View more context for this quotation 1796 C. Lamb Let. 27 May in (1975) I. 5 My civic and poetic compt's to Southey if at Bristol—. Why, he is a very Leviathan of Bards—the small minnow I. 1847 C. Dickens (1848) xlvi. 449 He..was considered, by the minnows among the tritons of the East, a rich man. 1906 A. Noyes Drake ii, in Apr. 470 Those five Small ships mere minnows clinging to the flanks Of that Leviathan. 1983 A. Mason ii. 48 So they went fishing for minnows, and caught Leviathan. 1995 25 Apr. 35/1 The first round of the FA Cup when the mighty Northampton Town travelled..to play non-league minnows Littlehampton Town. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > artificial bait 1655 I. Walton (ed. 2) v. 130 I have..an artificial minnow..the mould or body of the minnow was cloth, and wrought upon or over it thus with a needle: the back [etc.]. 1883 212 Flexible Minnows..Caledonian Minnows..Phantom Minnows..Protean Minnows. 1894 22 Aug. 5/1 The fact that he [sc. a salmon] bites at a fly or angel minnow is..ascribed to anger. 1994 May 56/1 Crappie..has a very fragile mouth and a very annoying habit of taking short quick strikes at a jig or minnow. B. adj. ( attributive). the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [adjective] > extremely small 1824 T. F. Dibdin 623 The tribe of little minnow pocket-editions. 1989 6 Nov. 27/5 There are still many minnow societies—37 accounted for only 1 per cent of total Co-op retailing. Compounds (Chiefly Angling.) C1. General attributive. 1841 J. T. J. Hewlett I. i. 25 A landing-net, minnow-can, casting-net, and half a hundred more requisites for Waltonizing. 1893 22 86/2 The inside of her minnow-can was lifted with care over the side. 1883 214 Folding Minnow Crate. C2. 1864 J. C. Atkinson xiv. 152 The wonderful skill of a minnowfisher. 1895 May 358/1 There is no accusation of easy times that can be justly applied to the minnow-fisher. 1944 L. A. Hausman 107 Eastern Green Heron—Butorides virescens virescens..Minnow Fisher. 1655 I. Walton (ed. 2) xviii. 325 The nimble turning of that [sc. a sticklebag] or the Minnow is the perfection of Minnow fishing. 1839 T. C. Hofland (1841) iv. 70 The first [manner of baiting with a minnow]..is particularly calculated for a clear water, as your tackle is finer than in any other mode of minnow-fishing. 1999 (Nexis) 15 Apr. (Sports section) 5 I read your articles on minnow fishing during spring. How come so much emphasis on live bait? 1839 T. C. Hofland iv. 70 The minnow-rod should be of bamboo cane. 1883 382/1 It can be more successfully and safely accomplished with the shorter and stiffer minnow-rod than with the fly-rod. 1996 (Nexis) 4 Apr. b1 Gladwell and Bowen had just made a cast with their spinnerbaits and had to reel them in at knuckle-banging speed... Then, Gladwell grabbed his minnow rod. 1834 3 390/3 Minnow-tackles are of various kinds according to the fancy of the angler. 1839 T. C. Hofland iv. 72 Various kinds of minnow-tackle may be purchased. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > fish dishes > [noun] 1655 I. Walton (ed. 2) xviii. 320 In the spring they make of them excellent Minnow Tansies. 1839 T. C. Hofland iv. 71 You must now prepare a minnow-trace of three yards of gut. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > moving without fixed course 1935 L. MacNeice 52 The minnow-twistings of the latinist who alone Nibbles and darts through the shallows of the lexicon. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.adj.a1425 |
