miqueletn.

Brit.

/ˈmɪkəlᵻt/, U.S.

/ˈmɪkələt/

Inflections: Plural miqueletes, miquelets.

Forms: 1600s– miquelet, 1800s miguelite, 1800s miquelite, 1800s– miguelet, 1800s– miguelete, 1800s– miquelete. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from Catalan. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Catalan miquelet; French miquelet.

Etymology: < Catalan miquelet (17th cent.), probably < Miquel- (in the name of Miquelot de Prats (see quot. 1845 at sense 1), a militia leader in the secessionist revolt of 1640) + -et -et suffix¹; probably partly via French miquelet (18th cent.; compare earlier †miquelot pilgrim to St Michael's Mount (1611)) and Spanish miquelet (1645; also in forms miguelete (1849), miquelete (1822 or earlier)), both < Catalan.Sense 2 appears to be a distinctively English development, and is probably developed from sense 1 (although compare quot. 1939).

Now historical.

1. Frequently in form Miquelet. (a) A member of an irregular Catalonian militia which engaged in military operations against the Castilian and French armies, and in occasional banditry, from the secessionist revolt of 1640 to the Peninsular War; (b) A member of a corps of irregular troops raised in Roussillon for serviae against the Spanish army by Louis XIV in 1689, or of a similar corps raised by Napoleon in 1808; (later also) a soldier of any of various local regiments of Spanish infantry, chiefly employed on escort duties.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > foot-soldier > types of

kern1351

brigand?a1400

yeomana1400

peltast1600

miquelet1670

appointee1728

hoplite1728

light-bob1778

askar1826

zephyr1847

dough1909

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > militiaman > specific

miquelet1670

minuteman1774

landwehr man1866

khassadar1901

somatenist1928

requeté1936

miliciano1938

militiaman1939

Basij1982

Basiji1982

1670 London Gaz. No. 476/4 The Miquelets or Mountaineers were again got together in a little Village,..neer the Pyrenean hills.

1695 Advices Defeat 12,000 French in Catalonia A body of 10000 French, who being on their march to convoy 200 mules laden with provisions to Castle-Follit, were defeated by much an inferior number of Miquelets, joined by some Spanish troops.

1721 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) II. 176 No more, you Holiday Fools, throw away your Six-pences,..to see a Spanish Miquelet swallow a Toad.

1779 Gentleman's Mag. 49 501 The miquelets or mountaineers who so cruelly harrassed the French armies.

1827 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War II. 358 10,000 Miquelets and Somatenes..had been sent..to take advantage of any insurrection that might be attempted in Barcelona.

1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain II. vi. 122 One of those singular half soldiers half guerillas, called Miguelets.

1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 41 A regular body of men was organized for that purpose [sc. as a government escort] all over Spain; and were called ‘Miquelites’, from, it is said, one Miquel de Prats, an armed satellite of..Cæsar Borgia.

1879 R. L. Stevenson Trav. with Donkey (1886) 186 Militiaman and Miquelet and dragoon..they had all been sabreing and shooting.

1933 H. Allen Anthony Adverse III. viii. lxi. 996 It consisted of six miqueletes, or guards, mounted on mules and armed with muskets.

1939 ‘C. S. Forester’ Captain Hornblower iii iii. 618 But there was always a chance that Claros or Rovira with their Catalan miqueletes..might come swooping down on the road.

1978 J. Read Catalans xii. 161 The struggle against the French in Catalonia was most effectively conducted by the armed peasantry, the so-called miqueletes and sometents.

2. Firearms. A type of Spanish flintlock, chiefly characterized by its horizontally operating sear (more fully miquelet lock). Also: a gun with such a lock (frequently attributive).

ΚΠ

1926 H. B. C. Pollard Hist. Firearms iii. 61 The Spanish or miquelet lock..is quite suitable for pocket usage.

1939 C. E. Chapel Gun Collecting iii. 27 The Spanish lock called the ‘miquelet’ derived its name from its inventors.

1965 J. D. Lavin Hist. Spanish Firearms vi. 127 (caption) A breech loading miquelet shotgun manufactured in 1736.

1965 J. D. Lavin Hist. Spanish Firearms vi. 145 The conventional external mainspring, cock bridle, and sear arrangement of the miquelet.

1985 G. Hammond Pursuit of Arms i. 21 The miquelet was..eighteenth century Russian.

1993 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 29 May The miquelet rifle made in Spain about 1600, decorated with tiny brass pins.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	miquelet
释义	miqueletn. Brit. /ˈmɪkəlᵻt/, U.S. /ˈmɪkələt/ Inflections: Plural miqueletes, miquelets. Forms: 1600s– miquelet, 1800s miguelite, 1800s miquelite, 1800s– miguelet, 1800s– miguelete, 1800s– miquelete. Also with capital initial. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from Catalan. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Catalan miquelet; French miquelet. Etymology: < Catalan miquelet (17th cent.), probably < Miquel- (in the name of Miquelot de Prats (see quot. 1845 at sense 1), a militia leader in the secessionist revolt of 1640) + -et -et suffix¹; probably partly via French miquelet (18th cent.; compare earlier †miquelot pilgrim to St Michael's Mount (1611)) and Spanish miquelet (1645; also in forms miguelete (1849), miquelete (1822 or earlier)), both < Catalan.Sense 2 appears to be a distinctively English development, and is probably developed from sense 1 (although compare quot. 1939). Now historical. 1. Frequently in form Miquelet. (a) A member of an irregular Catalonian militia which engaged in military operations against the Castilian and French armies, and in occasional banditry, from the secessionist revolt of 1640 to the Peninsular War; (b) A member of a corps of irregular troops raised in Roussillon for serviae against the Spanish army by Louis XIV in 1689, or of a similar corps raised by Napoleon in 1808; (later also) a soldier of any of various local regiments of Spanish infantry, chiefly employed on escort duties. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > foot-soldier > types of kern1351 brigand?a1400 yeomana1400 peltast1600 miquelet1670 appointee1728 hoplite1728 light-bob1778 askar1826 zephyr1847 dough1909 society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > militiaman > specific miquelet1670 minuteman1774 landwehr man1866 khassadar1901 somatenist1928 requeté1936 miliciano1938 militiaman1939 Basij1982 Basiji1982 1670 London Gaz. No. 476/4 The Miquelets or Mountaineers were again got together in a little Village,..neer the Pyrenean hills. 1695 Advices Defeat 12,000 French in Catalonia A body of 10000 French, who being on their march to convoy 200 mules laden with provisions to Castle-Follit, were defeated by much an inferior number of Miquelets, joined by some Spanish troops. 1721 Lett. from Mist's Jrnl. (1722) II. 176 No more, you Holiday Fools, throw away your Six-pences,..to see a Spanish Miquelet swallow a Toad. 1779 Gentleman's Mag. 49 501 The miquelets or mountaineers who so cruelly harrassed the French armies. 1827 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War II. 358 10,000 Miquelets and Somatenes..had been sent..to take advantage of any insurrection that might be attempted in Barcelona. 1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain II. vi. 122 One of those singular half soldiers half guerillas, called Miguelets. 1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 41 A regular body of men was organized for that purpose [sc. as a government escort] all over Spain; and were called ‘Miquelites’, from, it is said, one Miquel de Prats, an armed satellite of..Cæsar Borgia. 1879 R. L. Stevenson Trav. with Donkey (1886) 186 Militiaman and Miquelet and dragoon..they had all been sabreing and shooting. 1933 H. Allen Anthony Adverse III. viii. lxi. 996 It consisted of six miqueletes, or guards, mounted on mules and armed with muskets. 1939 ‘C. S. Forester’ Captain Hornblower iii iii. 618 But there was always a chance that Claros or Rovira with their Catalan miqueletes..might come swooping down on the road. 1978 J. Read Catalans xii. 161 The struggle against the French in Catalonia was most effectively conducted by the armed peasantry, the so-called miqueletes and sometents. 2. Firearms. A type of Spanish flintlock, chiefly characterized by its horizontally operating sear (more fully miquelet lock). Also: a gun with such a lock (frequently attributive). ΚΠ 1926 H. B. C. Pollard Hist. Firearms iii. 61 The Spanish or miquelet lock..is quite suitable for pocket usage. 1939 C. E. Chapel Gun Collecting iii. 27 The Spanish lock called the ‘miquelet’ derived its name from its inventors. 1965 J. D. Lavin Hist. Spanish Firearms vi. 127 (caption) A breech loading miquelet shotgun manufactured in 1736. 1965 J. D. Lavin Hist. Spanish Firearms vi. 145 The conventional external mainspring, cock bridle, and sear arrangement of the miquelet. 1985 G. Hammond Pursuit of Arms i. 21 The miquelet was..eighteenth century Russian. 1993 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 29 May The miquelet rifle made in Spain about 1600, decorated with tiny brass pins. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1670
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