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单词 mire
释义

miren.1

Brit. /ˈmʌɪə/, U.S. /ˈmaɪ(ə)r/
Forms: Middle English mir, Middle English muir, Middle English muire, Middle English mur, Middle English mure, Middle English muyre, Middle English mye (transmission error), Middle English myere, Middle English myir, Middle English myrre, Middle English–1500s moyre, Middle English–1500s myr, Middle English–1600s myer, Middle English–1800s myre, Middle English– mire, 1500s mier, 1500s myar, 1500s myare, 1800s– moire (English regional (midlands)); Scottish pre-1700 mir, pre-1700 myar, pre-1700 myer, pre-1700 myir, pre-1700 myire, pre-1700 myr, pre-1700 1700s–1800s myre, pre-1700 1700s– mire.
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.
Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic mýrr (Icelandic mýri ), Norwegian myr , Old Swedish myr (Swedish myr ), Danish myr ) < a variant of the Germanic base of mese n.1 In sense 4 after spec. use of Swedish myr.
1.
a. An area of swampy ground; a boggy place, esp. one in which a person may be engulfed or become stuck fast; (gen.) swampy ground, bog.Recorded earliest in mirepit n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > wet place, mire, or slough
sloughc900
mooreOE
letch1138
mire1219
sougha1300
dew1377
slop?a1400
flashc1440
slothc1440
slonk1488
slot?a1500
rilling1610
slab1610
water-gall1657
slunkc1700
slack1719
mudhole1721
bog-hole1788
spew1794
wetness1805
stabble1821
slob1836
sludge1839
soak1839
mudbath1856
squire-trap1859
loblolly1865
glue-pot1892
swelter1894
poaching1920
1219 in K. Major Registrum Antiquissimum Cathedral Church Lincoln (1940) II. 30 (MED) In alio loco vnum selionem ad mirepit.
?a1300 Vision St. Paul (Digby) 146 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1879) 62 404 (MED) Half me doþ hem in a fuir And half in a worse muir [v.r. mur].
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2023 And in a mure don him cast.
a1350 ( in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 16 (MED) Nou kyng hobbe in þe mures ȝongeþ.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. iv. 384 Bote stande as a stake þat stykeþ in a muyre.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 2986 (MED) Sum ware dreuyn doun in dikis, sum in depe myrys.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 379 That place..is so inaccessible thro myres and waters.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Gowther (Adv.) (1886) 417 (MED) He toke his speyre..And spard nodur myre ne more.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes 222 When he had dispeched theim out of the moyre.
1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. x. 539 Where the ground..yeeldeth forth such a continuall moisture, that the smallest trampling or treading therupon bringeth it to a verie myre.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 3 When mires grew hard.
1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ix. 63 Without any other consequence from the fall, save that of being left..with the broadest part of him sunk about twelve inches deep in the mire.
1789 W. Blake Little Boy Lost in Songs of Innocence The mire was deep.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Masque of Anarchy (1832) x. 6 Over English land he passed, Trampling to a mire of blood The adoring multitude.
1887 H. R. Haggard She xxviii For three whole days through stench and mire..did our bearers struggle along.
1932 B. De Voto Mark Twain's Amer. iii. 60 Pulled at the end of ropes which the bully-boys lugged through swamp and mire.
1993 Archit. Rev. Jan. 70/1 Millions of hectares of land had been reduced to a mire riddled with land mines, rotting corpses and barbed wire.
b. figurative and in figurative context. An undesirable state or condition (formerly esp. of sin or moral degradation) from which it is difficult to extricate oneself. Esp. in to bring (also drag, lay, leave, etc.) in the mire; to stick in the mire; to find oneself in the mire.
ΚΠ
c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 508 He [sc. a priest]..leet his sheepe encombred in the myre.
c1390 G. Chaucer Manciple's Tale 290 A thousand folk hath rakel ire Fully fordoon or broght hem in the myre.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. 2733 He dremeth ofte Hou that he stiketh in the Myr.
c1400 J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 286 (MED) Synne..bryngiþ his doere into þe same myre þat he eschewiþ.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 387 Þou motes his men in to þe myre.
1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. lxxvii But ofte they slyde, and so fall in the myre.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxviii. 1 The waters are come in euen vnto my soule. I sticke fast in the depe myre.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Two Mortimers f. vi The subtyll quean [i.e. Fortune] behynde me set a trap, Whereby to dashe and laye all in the myre.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 58 Honest water, which nere left man i' th' mire . View more context for this quotation
1622 F. Bacon in J. Spedding Life (1874) VII. 385 That thrice noble prince..will help to pull me..out of the mire of an abject and sordid condition.
1739 M. Jones Let. 8 Jan. in Misc. in Prose & Verse (1750) 385 Me, your adventrous Chaise-oteer! Who am not yet reconcil'd to the Terrors of leaving your Ladyship in the Mire.
1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Sixth 12 For sordid Lucre plunge we in the Mire?
1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) I. 338 Drowning in the horrible mire of doubt.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 9 Sept. 1/2 Sir Edmund Hornby..when he leaves the general for the particular finds himself in the mire.
1989 Times 27 Feb. 13/5 If the mire of bureaucracy is to be avoided, such questions must be dealt with by a unified authority.
2.
a. Wet or soft mud; ooze; dirt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > mud > [noun] > thin or soft
addleOE
slougha1225
mirec1390
slurc1440
slurryc1440
sludge1702
slush1772
slop1796
slosh1808
stabble1821
sposh1836
sleck1840
flop1844
squad1847
slather1876
c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 419 The superfluitee in lengthe of the forseide gownes trailynge in the dong and in the myre.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 70 His helm was fulle of myre.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 158 The damesels..threwe myre uppon the shelde.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) f. 206 Whiche threwe stones and clottes of myre at hym.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Pet. ii. 22 The sowe that was waszhed [is turned agayne] vnto hir walowynge in the myre. [So 1611.]
a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 50 Claye or mire.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 1010 What follie then To boast what Arms can doe, since thine no more Then Heav'n permits, nor mine, though doubld now To trample thee as mire . View more context for this quotation
1755 E. Young Centaur ii, in Wks. (1757) IV. 157 He is an immortal being, that would lose none of its most darling delights, if he were a brute in the mire.
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Mire, mud; dirt at the bottom of water.
1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Ernest Maltravers I. i. iii. 30 The roads were heavy with mire.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xvii. 9 Headlong into the mire below topsy-turvy to drown him.
1943 Permafrost & Related Engin. Problems (U.S. Geol. Survey) 7 This fluid muddy material is designated by the term slud, a provincial English word for soft, wet mud or mire.
1998 B. Bainbridge Master Georgie (1999) v. 157 That night it rained, and it was not the gentle drizzle of an English autumn but a monstrous pounding that drowned the fires and churned the ground to mire.
b. figurative and in figurative context.Sometimes with allusion to 2 Peter 2:22.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > lack of magnanimity or noble-mindedness > [noun] > moral sordidness
mirec1400
sordidity1584
dirta1625
dirtiness1649
sordidness1656
sleaziness1727
sordor1823
seediness1852
squalor1860
sleaze1967
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1114 Þaȝ þou be man fenny And al tomarred in myre.
1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 166 Nor, is there any Rush without Mire: yet a Mirtle will shew itselfe a Mirtle amongst Nettles.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. ii. 346 Thus the mire of sordid appetite must be the soil wherein to plant them all.
1882 E. Lynn Linton in G. S. Layard Mrs. Lynn Linton, her Life (1901) xvii. 238 Turn where you will you see pain and sacrifice—the root of the lily in the mire.
1925 J. Street Mr Bisbee's Princess in Redbook May 167/1 They dragged the fair name of a perfect lady through the muck and mire.
1991 Time 27 Feb. 73/3 Maybe it was fun to bathe in decadence back then. But this is no time to wallow in that mire.
3.
†a. A mass of dirt. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1871 R. Browning Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau 92 Until a stumble, and the man's one mire!
1876 Ld. Tennyson Harold iv. iii. 121 What late guest,..caked and plaster'd with a hundred mires, Hath stumbled on our cups?
1893 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 438/2 Both negro rowers..climbed like cats upon this platform, smearing a mire of sodden plastering over their home~spun trousers as they crawled.
b. Dung. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [noun] > dung
sharnc825
thostc1000
dungOE
dirta1300
croteysa1425
lessesa1425
grotesc1450
pillc1450
fumishing1527
trattles1547
fiants1575
dunging1582
dropping1596
soil1607
soiling1610
stercoration1694
pellet1884
mire1922
pat1937
scat1950
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvi. [Eumaeus] 618 Bloom,..with Stephen passed through the gap of the chains,..and, stepping over a strand of mire, went across towards Gardiner Street lower.
4. Ecology. A wetland ecosystem based on peat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > peat-bog
turf-graft1313
turbary1363
peat mire1431
peat moss1505
peatbog1550
flow-mossc1565
cess1636
peat marsh1723
yarpha1805
peat moor1821
flow bog1831
raised bog1891
mire1946
raised mire1968
1946 H. Godwin in Proc. Prehistoric Soc. 12 2 For the category of peat formations as a whole we propose to employ the term ‘mire’, using it in the same sense as that of the cognate Swedish ‘myr’, to denote such units as bogs or fens in their entirety with characteristic morphology, hydrography, stratigraphy and vegetation.
1955 Jrnl. Ecol. 43 617 A continuous series through communities such as 520157 links them to acid soligenous mires with Sphagnum spp. predominating in the ground layer, and, finally, to ombrogenous mires.
1964 D. A. Ratcliffe in J. H. Burnett Vegetation of Scotl. x. 429 The poorer types of mire intergrade with bog, so that mire can be regarded as an intermediate category.
1968 A. C. Jermy & T. G. Tutin Brit. Sedges 156 C[arex] dioica is a species of eutrophic mires in wet, silty muds, rarely in pure peat.
1985 Science 1 Feb. 513/2 Mires include all peat-forming ecosystems.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, instrumental, etc., as mire-fir n., mire-hole n., etc.; mire-bestrewed adj., mire-deep adj., mire-smirched adj.
ΚΠ
1585 Edinb. Test. XIV. f. 240, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Myr(e The half of the myre medow.
1617 in J. Davidson Inverurie & Earldom of Garioch (1878) 204 The haill persons..stentit for myrbeir.
1808 in A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd (new ed.) II. 720 Had I no, bie chanss, cum here, I had died at sum myre syd.
1822 in Amer. Speech 15 285/1 Standing about 8½ poles N 29 E from a mire-hole.
1850 H. Miller Scenes & Legends N. Scotl. (ed. 2) xii. 187 Helen hastily lighted a bundle of mire-fir.
1859 C. Dickens Tale of Two Cities iii. i. 166 The mire-deep roads.
1908 T. Hardy Dynasts: Pt. 3rd vi. viii. 281 Cavalry in the cornfields mire-bestrowed.
1960 S. Plath Colossus 12 Common barnyard sows, Mire-smirched, blowzy.
C2.
† mire-bumper n. Scottish Obsolete the bittern, Botaurus stellaris (cf. mire-drum n.).
ΚΠ
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) Mire-bumper.
1868 Laird of Logan Add. 486 The bird called the bittern;..myre-bumper..the same bird.
† mire crow n. Scottish and English regional Obsolete the black-headed gull, Larus ridibundus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull) > larus atricilla (laughing gull)
mire crow1678
laughing gull1731
lapwing-gull1844
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 347 The Pewet or Black~cap, called in some places the Sea-Crow and Mire-Crow.
a1705 J. Ray Itineraries in Select Remains (1760) 183 Mire-Crow, all White-bodied... Puets. Pick-Mire.
1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands II. App. 313 The Laughing Gull..or Black Head... The inhabitants of Orkney call it the ‘sea-crow’; and in some places it is called the ‘mire-crow’.
1887 J. A. Harvie-Brown & T. E. Buckley Vertebr. Fauna Sutherland, Caithness & W. Cromarty 230 Black-headed Gull... Caithness names—‘Hoodie-headie-craw’, ‘Peewit gull’, ‘Mire crow’, ‘Pick mire’.
mire duck n. Scottish the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos.
ΚΠ
1845 New Statist. Acct. Scotl. X. 841 There are found on the shores of the rivers the mire-duck, the sheldrake, the teal.
1906 J. A. Harvie-Brown Fauna Tay Basin 230 A whole brood of young ‘mire ducks’ met with a similar fate.
† mire-pipes n. Scottish Obsolete stockings that have no feet.
ΚΠ
1807 J. Hall Trav. Scotl. II. 608 Mire-pipes or stockings without feet.
1809 J. Carr Caledonian Sketches 449 The very poor wear what are called mire-pipes.
† mirepit n. Obsolete rare a muddy or boggy hole.
ΚΠ
1219Mirepit [see sense 1a].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† miren.2

Forms: Middle English mire, late Middle English myre.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: < the Germanic base of Middle Dutch mere , miere , (rare) mire (Dutch mier ), Middle Low German mire (Low German Mire ; > German (rare) Miere ), Crimean Gothic miera . Compare pismire n.It has been suggested that the word is perhaps first attested in Old English in the nickname Myran-heafod (see below), but this is now usually taken as showing a variant of mare n.1 (see β forms s.v.):OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.iv) anno 1010 Þone flean astealde ærest Þurcytel Myranheafod. The gloss Latin formica ant for Old English myra in some early dictionaries perhaps arises from this same passage; there does not appear to be any further evidence for the word's existence in Old English. The etymology usually advanced suggests that the word is probably cognate with Old Swedish myr (Swedish myra ), Danish myre , and (with a different ablaut grade) the Germanic cognates cited s.v. maur n. A number of non-Germanic languages have words for ‘ant’ of similar form which may be related but cannot be derived from a single base: compare Sanskrit vamra , Avestan maoiri- , Persian mūr , Armenian mrǰiwn (genitive mrǰman ), ancient Greek μύρμηξ (and classical Latin formīca ), Russian Church Slavonic mravii , Russian muravej , Early Irish moirb , Welsh mŷr , môr (in morgrug ants). The Sanskrit and classical Latin forms show dissimilation from a form with initial m- . The word is perhaps attested earlier as a surname: Herewardus le Mire (1212), William le Myre (1272), Adam Mire (1297), although these may instead reflect Anglo-Norman mire doctor, physician (see miri n.1).
Obsolete.
An ant. Cf. maur n., pismire n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant
anteOE
emmeteOE
mirea1300
maur1366
pismirec1395
formice1484
merpyss1527
calicrat?1590
pissant1649
formica1865
muryan1865
macraner1907
a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) 153 Ðe mire is maȝti.
a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) 172 Ðe mire muneð us mete to tilen.
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Laud) (1999) II. 6965 Of alle bestis þe myre, [yw]is, Sauourith moste þat he [after] is.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

miren.3

Brit. /ˈmɪə/, U.S. /ˈmɪ(ə)r/
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mire.
Etymology: < French mire target, act of sighting a weapon (1505 in Middle French in the phrase coins de mire ; attested earlier with the sense ‘ideal, model’ (14th cent.)) < Italian mira target (14th cent.) < mirare (see mire v.2). O.E.D. Suppl. (1933) gives the pronunciation as (mir) /mir/.
rare.
†1. Gunnery. quoin of mire n. a wooden support used in sighting a gun (see quot. 1797). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > other specific parts
touch plate1508
maniglion1704
gun-lock screw1731
match pipe1740
quoin of mire1797
bricole1809
tumbler-screw1843
training wheel1875
hand1880
side lever1892
gun-lock spring1894
gun control1909
magazine well1948
1797 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 233/2 The quoin of mire, which are pieces of wood with a notch on the side to put the fingers on, to draw them back or push them forward when the gunner points his piece.
2. Astronomy. = meridian mark n. at meridian adj. Compounds.
ΚΠ
1885 Sidereal Messenger 3 301 A mire or meridian mark, eighty feet distant.
1974 H. Eichhorn Astron. Star Positions ii. 59 Polarissimae, which can be observed at elongation in the field of view of a transit circle, are usually too faint to be seen. The use of mires is better.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mireadj.

Forms: late Middle English–1600s mire, 1500s mier.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mire n.1
Etymology: < mire n.1 Compare earlier miry adj.
Obsolete.
Miry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [adjective] > mire
mirya1398
mire?1440
fennish1577
spewing1610
mirish1630
poachy1707
poached1793
pugged1843
squoggy1950
the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [adjective] > mire > abounding in
slag1440
miryc1443
muddyc1450
filthy1566
mire1673
sloughy1704
sleechy1792
guttery1808
slubby1823
grooty1848
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 791 Yit if thy garth be mire [L. Palustris] a diche may stonde.
1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. B.ii When pasture is gone, and the fildes mier and weate.
c1613 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) p. lx The said misdoers followed, and drove them into a mire more.
1673 J. Milton Sonnets xvii, in Poems (new ed.) 60 Now that the Fields are dank, and ways are mire.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

mirev.1

Brit. /ˈmʌɪə/, U.S. /ˈmaɪ(ə)r/
Forms: Middle English–1600s myre, Middle English– mire, 1500s myar, 1500s–1600s myer, 1600s moyer, 1800s– mwire (English regional), 1800s– myer (English regional); Scottish pre-1700 myir, pre-1700 myr, pre-1700 1700s– mire, pre-1700 1700s– myre.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mire n.1
Etymology: < mire n.1 Compare immire v.
1.
a. transitive. To involve in difficulties or (originally) sinfulness from which it is difficult to withdraw; to hamper; to entrap. Formerly often: †to discomfit or confound, esp. in a dispute (obsolete). Frequently in passive. Also with down. Cf. bog v.1 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty
mire?c1400
to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582
difficult1641
to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660
swamp1818
to be rough on1860
taigle1865
soup1895
hot1920
to hot up1927
?c1400 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Sidney Sussex) (1884) cxxxvi. 4 (MED) Myres [a1425 Laud We sayn that babylone mirischis thaim, and thei are ful of all couetyse and knowes nouȝt gostly song].
?1406 T. Hoccleve La Mâle Règle 335 in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 64/2 Who so passynge mesure desyrith..Him self encombrith often sythe & myrith.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 3388 (MED) Nowe we be I-myryd, he letith vs sit aloon!
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus ii. f. 34 With the missiue that sa oft did him myir.
1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 82/2 in R. Holinshed Chron. I This is a doughty kynde of accusation..wherein they are stabled and mired at my firste denialle.
1633 J. Shirley Contention Honour & Riches Gee, sweete Lady, I am all to be mired in your beauty, the horses of my imagination are foundred in the high-way of your perfections.
1688 H. Prideaux Validity Orders Church of Eng. 74 You having been mir'd amongst abundance of Absurdities..already.
1727 M. Earbery tr. T. Burnet Of State of Dead I. ii. 39 But further we shall be mired in the Difficulties of their Hypothesis.
a1796 R. Burns Poet. Wks. (1802) 319 Till with their Logic-jargon tir'd, An' in the depth of science mir'd, To common sense they now appeal.
1847 R. W. Emerson Poems (1857) 185 Or mired by climate's gross extremes.
1896 F. H. Burnett Lady of Qual. xvi A devil grins at me and plucks me back, and taunts and mires me.
1927 New Republic 21 Sept. 122/1 He..let them allege that the country and the party would be hopelessly mired unless their little hero was kept in the White House after 1928.
1976 National Observer (U.S.) 7 Feb. 18/2 Even though we are mired down in theoretical analyses, the reason why the Third World is so desperate for some kind of new world order begins to come through.
1991 U.S. News & World Rep. 4 Nov. 58/3 Many of its competitors remained mired in bankruptcy.
b. transitive. literal. To plunge or set fast in mire or a mire. Usually in passive. Also with down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > render motionless > by hampering or entangling > plunge into mire
mirec1487
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > plunge > into mud or a swamp
mirec1487
bog1641
enswamp1702
c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica i. 42 Thus myred in the slymy gore, they stonde voyde of alle remedy.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Henry VI. f. lxxxiiiiv Who moyleth to remove the rocke out of the mud, Shall myer him selfe.
1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions ii. iii. f. 111v As amonge fyshes, Eeles and other slippery fyshes that lye still myeringe themselues in mudde.
a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 706 The Souldiers of Cæsar and Antonius were mired in the fens of Philippi.
a1722 J. Lauder Hist. Observes (1840) 179 They fall into a bog, wher all their horse and baggage is myred.
1744 E. Purefoy Let. 30 Nov. in G. Eland Purefoy Lett. (1931) II. xii. 314 There is..a quick sand in the lane..that my coachman with his coach horse was like to be mired in it.
1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 207 Some of them were mired in it [sc. a slough].
1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 276 Where terrestrial quadrupeds were mired.
1849 J. G. Bruff Jrnl. 6 Sept. in Gold Rush (1944) I. ii. 164 Last night 2 of my mules got mired in the cold marsh.
1910 J. Addams Twenty Years at Hull-House ii. 39 I somewhat uneasily recalled certain spring thaws when I had been mired in roads provided by the American citizen.
1982 S. K. Penman Sunne in Splendour (1984) ii. ix. 443 Several drovers were swearing and struggling to free a cart mired down in the muddy swamp the street had become.
1989 I. Frazier Great Plains i. 14 Another event early travellers mentioned in their diaries was miring their wagons in the gumbo mud of the Great Plains.
c. transitive. Of mud, a bog, etc.: to hold fast; to swallow up, engulf. Also with down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > render motionless > by hampering or entangling
cumber1487
tangle1511
poister1523
entangle1533
clog1583
tie1598
flag1622
stick1635
impester1653
felter1768
hamper1804
mire1889
1889 T. N. Page In Ole Virginia (1893) 175 The marsh on either side would have mired a cat.
1892 A. E. Lee Hist. Columbus I. 273 The bog..began to dry up, but not sufficiently to prevent it from hopelessly miring the village cows.
1974 R. Adams Shardik xlii. 335 A wide marsh that mired them to the knees.
1990 Peterson's 4-wheel & Off-road May 70/2 The huge sand wash that made up the first 10 miles of the course mired down several competitors right at the start.
2. transitive. To bespatter or soil with mud or mire; to defile, pollute. Also figurative. Now chiefly literary.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > dirty or soil with specific kinds of dirt [verb (transitive)] > dirty with mud
mire?c1475
glar?a1500
bemirec1532
bemud1580
bemoila1610
immire1611
muddya1616
mud1632
muddify1739
slutch1745
belute1760
slush1807
slub1886
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 81 (MED) To myre: merdare, inquinare stercorare.
1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 216 And myrit thaym wyth thy muk to the myd mast.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 636/1 I myar, I beraye with myar. Je crotte.
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Aijv Ianyuere That myrethe all the costs wyth slete.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 134 Smirched thus, and mired with infamy. View more context for this quotation
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 228 Being myred in the Winter with durt.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 116. ⁋2 I..did not come home..mired and tanned.
1851 G. Borrow Lavengro lxix I wonder how my horse's knees are; not much hurt, I think—only mired.
1852 M. Arnold Tristram & Iseult iii. 171 Her palfrey's flanks were mired and bathed in sweat.
1868 Ld. Tennyson Lucretius 159 Strangers at my hearth Not welcome, harpies miring every dish.
1914 L. Binyon Winnowing-fan 34 And there is one who simply fights, obeys, Tramps, till he loses count of nights and days, Tired, mired in dust and sweat.
1967 D. M. Jones Hunt in Agenda Spring–Summer 25 If his embroidered habit is clearly from a palace wardrobe it is mired and rent and his bruised limbs gleam from between the rents.
3. intransitive. U.S. regional in later use. To sink into mire or a mire; to become stuck fast. Also with down, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > be arrested or intercepted in progress > by mud, bog, or sand
stablec1571
mire?1590
to be bogged1743–7
boga1800
set1869
founder1875
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink > sink into a soft surface > into mud
mire?1590
slough1861
?1590–1 J. Burel Passage of Pilgremer i, in Poems sig. Nv The Hare..Not tyring, nor myring, Among the mossis deipe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 148 Paint till a horse may myre vpon your face. View more context for this quotation
1762 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry I. 152 It ploughed very tough, and the cattle mired in some places.
1775 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 25 Oct. (1778) No horse could have dragged his legs after him—he must have mired-down.
1835 H. Evans Jrnl. in Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. (1927) 14 195 In crossing some of these creeks some of our horses and pack mules mired down.
1865 Visct. Milton & W. B. Cheadle N.-W. Passage by Land 283 We had been delayed and harassed every day by the horses miring.
1937 Life 26 July 65/1 (advt.) Tires broke down under the terrific loads... Trucks mired in soft soil.
c1967 J. Parris Mountain Bred 310 You'd mire up above the hubs and the oxen would have to pull you out.
4. intransitive. To defecate.Apparently only in James Joyce's Ulysses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [verb (intransitive)]
dritea1000
to do one's filthheadc1300
shit?c1335
to go to siegec1400
scumbera1425
cack1436
to do one's easementa1438
to ease nature, ease oneselfc1440
skite1449
to do of one's needingsc1475
fen1486
dung1508
spurge1530
to cover his feet1535
lask1540
stool1540
to exonerate nature1542
file1564
fiant1575
cucka1605
wray1620
exonerate1631
excrement1632
to do one's ease1645
sir-reverence1665
excrementizec1670
nest1679
poop1689
move1699
defecate1837
crap1874
mire1918
to make a mess1928
mess1937
to go poo-poo (also poo-poos)1960
potty1972
to do a whoopsie (or whoopsies)1973
pooh1975
1918 J. Joyce Ulysses Proteus in Little Rev. May 41 An archway where dogs have mired.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvi. [Eumaeus] 618 Slowly,..he [sc. the horse] mired.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† mirev.2

Forms: late Middle English mire, late Middle English mirre, late Middle English myr, 1500s myrre, 1600s myre.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mirer.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French mirer to look, to look (at oneself) in a mirror (late 12th cent. in Old French) < post-classical Latin mirari , mirare in the same sense (c1000) < classical Latin mīrārī (also occasionally mīrāre ) to be surprised, to look at with wonder (see miracle n.). Compare Old Occitan mirar (12th cent.), Catalan mirar (13th cent.), Spanish mirar (1246), Italian mirare (a1300), Portuguese mirar (14th cent.).
Obsolete.
intransitive. To look. Also transitive (reflexive): to look at oneself in a mirror.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)] > look at in mirror
mire?a1450
?a1450 (?1350–75) Origo Mundi l. 746 in E. Norris Anc. Cornish Drama (1859) I. 56 (MED) Ha myr a pup tenewen.
c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 56 A mirour..In whiche al the world may mire him wel and considere him.
1509 H. Watson tr. S. Brant Shyppe of Fooles (de Worde) Prolude sig. A.v Mondayne fooles myrre you well in my glasse.
1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes iii. 106 She by the light of two Tapers..myred her self in his eyes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† mirev.3

Forms: 1500s myre.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin mīrārī.
Etymology: < classical Latin mīrārī to wonder (see miracle n.). Compare admire v.The examples of mire in regional use in the 19th cent from Gloucestershire and Suffolk recorded in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. mire v.2 are probably shortened < admire v.; compare miration n.
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To wonder. (In quot. with clause as object.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > feel curious about [verb (transitive)]
wonder1297
beseecha1325
marvela1393
studyc1400
mire1582
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iv. 73 Heere but alas he myred what course may be warelye taken.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.11219n.2a1300n.31797adj.?1440v.1?c1400v.2?a1450v.31582
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