monopolen.1
/ˈmɒnə(ʊ)pəʊl/, U.S. /ˈmɑnəˌpoʊl/ I. Senses relating to commerce.† 1. A monopoly. Scottish in later use. Obsolete.† 2. An emporium. Also figurative. Obsolete.
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the mind > possession > [noun] > exclusive possession
monopole1548
engrossing1595
monopoly1610
monopolizing1612
impropriation1614
society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > monopoly
monopoly1534
monopole1548
sole-sale1596
appalto1847
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clviij Diuers other crymes were layde to his charge, as..gatheryng together, and makyng a money polde of offices, fees, wardes, and fermes.
1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. ii. 49 The intollerable licenses of Monopoles and Solesales.
1596 J. Harington New Disc. Aiax sig. H1 Now for my Monapole, I woulde aske but this trifling sute.
1609 J. Davies Humours Heau'n on Earth lii. 200 Some to gaine Some Monopole, which then could not be got.
1630 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1901) 2nd Ser. III. 641 [Edinburgh traders oppress Leith, so that] the traid off wictuall salbecum ane monopole to their selfis.
a1722 J. Lauder Hist. Notices Sc. Affairs (1848) II. 812 Giving him the monopole and sole priviledge of selling Anderson's pills.
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society > trade and finance > trading place > a centre of commerce > [noun]
staple1436
estaple1550
emporium?1575
empory1600
monopole1602
mart1611
scale1613
market1615
mkt.1896
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 61 Merchants..trafficke..from one Mart, hauen, promontorie, or Monopole to another.
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 237 [Father Parsons is] a Monopole of all mischiefe.
1610 J. Boys Wks. (1629) 454 The deuill..begat insolent pride, which is a monopol of mischiefe.
3. A wine, esp. champagne, of a style exclusive to a particular shipper or from an exclusively owned vineyard.Sometimes forming part of a brand name.
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the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > class or grade of wine > [noun] > particular batch or bin
bin1872
cuvée1883
monopole1883
1883 Daily News 31 Aug. 6/2 The familiar pop of the champagne cork being very rarely heard. Perhaps those learned authorities, Dr. Oliver and Dr. Myrtle..have ‘shut down’ on ‘monopole’ and ‘extra dry’.
1885 Christie's Catal. Wines 14 Apr. 9 Three Dozens of Champagne, Heidsieck's Dry Monopole, 1874.
1886 St. Stephen's Rev. 13 Mar. 12/1 The pint of dry Monopole, with which he sustained exhausted nature.
1915 T. Burke Nights in Town 399 He shouted for a half-of-bitter with the solemnity of one who commands that two bottles of dry Monopole be put on the ice.
1932 Z. Fitzgerald Save me Waltz ii. 113 The Graves Monopole Sec was green and tepid and unappetizing.
1967 A. Lichine Encycl. Wines & Spirits 356 Monopole. This designation, frequently found on wine labels, literally means ‘an exclusive’. Blank Monopole would be the proprietary brand of the wine shipper whose name would occupy the blank.
1981 Bon Appétit Nov. 186/2 Monopole is what is known as a ‘shipper's wine’, a blend of wines from various vineyards in the Bordeaux region.
1990 Friends of Wine Spring 39/2 1986 Jacques Prieur Volnay ‘Clos de Santenots’, $30: Another monopole that is soft, silky and voluptuous.
4. An unlawful gathering; a conspiracy; a faction. Obsolete.
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c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xvi. 111 The ciuil lauis deffendis & forbiddis al monopoles and conuentions of the comont pepil.
1587–8 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 1st Ser. IV. 253 It becomes alwayes his majestie..to repres and stay all monopolles and factiounes.
1602 J. Colville Parænese Ep. 16 Such priuat monopolls and dangerus distractions alltogidder I abhor.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† monopolen.2
Obsolete. rare.
A monopolist.
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society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [noun] > monopoly > one who has or supports monopoly
monopoler1589
monopolite1599
monopolian1601
monopolist1601
monopolitan1607
monopolitanian1627
monopolizer1629
monopole1648
society > trade and finance > trader > agent or broker > [noun] > monopolist
monopoler1589
monopolite1599
monopolian1601
monopolist1601
monopolitan1607
monopolitanian1627
monopole1648
propounder1670
1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Een Focker, a Monopole, or an Engrosser of Wares and Commodities.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2018).
monopolen.3adj.
/ˈmɒnə(ʊ)pəʊl/, U.S. /ˈmɑnəˌpoʊl/ Science.
A. n.3
1.
a. Physics and Chemistry. A single electric charge having a spherically symmetric field.
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1937 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Atomic Spectra i. 63 The system gives an external electric field, which..falls off more rapidly with increasing distance than that of the dipole, which itself falls off more rapidly than that of the monopole.
1950 D. Halliday Introd. Nucl. Physics ii. 59 A single charge at the origin is a simple monopole, with no higher moments.
1958 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics vii. iv. 59/1 The first term of Eq. (4.6) corresponds to a monopole or simple charge, the second to the electric-dipole moment, the third to the electric-quadrupole moment, the fourth to the electric-octupole moment, etc.
1973 Nature 20 Apr. 527/1 The scheme..ignores all other atomic monopoles (including those on the methyl carbons and hydrogens which closely approach the negative charge) as well as all higher moments.
1994 Science 9 Dec. 1665/1 Hydrogen bonding is the attraction to an acceptor atom A of a hydrogen already bonded to a donor atom D. It..arises from the stabilizing interaction between the D-H dipole (or monopole) and the dipole (or monopole) on A.
b. Physics. = magnetic monopole n. at magnetic adj. and n. Compounds.Magnetic monopoles were proposed by P. A. M. Dirac in 1931 ( Proc. Royal Soc. A. 133 60–72), but in that paper he referred to them as ‘isolated magnetic poles’ and ‘single poles’; in 1948 ( Physical Rev. 74 817–30) he again referred to ‘single magnetic poles’, without using the word monopole.
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the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [noun] > single charge or pole
unipole1931
magnetic monopole1951
monopole1951
1951 Proc. Cambr. Philos. Soc. 47 206 [Referring to Dirac's work.] The main difference of behaviour between electric particles and monopoles lies in the greater ionizing power per centimetre of the monopole, except near the end of the path.
1969 Physical Rev. 184 1401/2 This work would indicate that there is less than one monopole/4000 m3 of the earth.
1977 Sci. Amer. Mar. 64/2 Three years ago it was shown that in the context of certain gauge theories, which are generalizations of Maxwell's theory, monopoles could appear that were not elementary but were composed of other particles bearing only electric charges.
1997 New Scientist 10 May 50/2 According to the calculations of Guth and others, the big bang should have spawned as many monopoles as protons and neutrons, a result in spectacular disagreement with observations.
c. gen. Anything which has a spherically symmetric field around it and so can be treated as a point source.
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1957 Jrnl. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 29 743/1 We shall consider monopoles. dipoles and quadrupoles built up out of constant volume flow elementary sources.
1972 Celestial Mech. 6 384 These can be shown to correspond to the [gravitational] field of two fixed monopoles.
1981 A. D. Pierce Acoustics iv. 160 The concept of a point source (or acoustic monopole) generating waves governed by the linear acoustic equations is a convenient extrapolation.
1989 Nature 14 Sept. 131/1 A solid spherical object of constant density is a monopole for newtonian gravity.
1997 Jrnl. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 101 3343/1 Many noise sources are directional and do not behave as simple monopoles particularly at close range.
2. Telecommunications. A monopole aerial.
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society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > radio equipment > [noun] > aerial
radiator1897
aerial wire1899
aerial1902
antenna1902
loop antenna1906
loop aerial1913
twin aerial1913
frame aerial1916
loop1922
beam aerial1926
cage aerial1926
Adcock1928
dipole1929
V antenna1932
beam antenna1935
rig1935
horn1936
whip1940
whip aerial1941
whip antenna1943
polyrod1945
unipole1945
slot aerial1946
slot antenna1946
dish1948
quad1951
V aerial1961
dish aerial1962
rectenna1964
omni-antenna1966
monopole1974
1974 Nature 5 Apr. 493/1 The transmitter antenna was a vertical monopole lifted to 1,000 to 1,500 m by balloon.
1998 What Cellphone Aug. 12/3 Cellnet..will spend £250,000 building a tripod-shaped mast..and a slimline monopole ‘themed around light and glass’.
2007 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 29 June 16/1 (advt.) Proposal: Installation of 6M high monopole with 2 no. dish antenna and associated equipment cabinet.
B. adj. (attributive).
1. Telecommunications. Of an antenna or aerial: that consists of a single conducting rod with the electrical connection made at one end, the length of which is usually about a quarter of the wavelength to be transmitted or received.
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1950 Proc. IRE 38 1040 (heading) Measured directivity induced by a conducting cylinder of arbitrary length and spacing parallel to a monopole antenna.
1966 L. V. Blake Antennas iv. 176 When the quarter-wave vertical antenna (monopole) is fed at its base with the other side of the feed line connected to ground, its radiation resistance and input impedance are just half the values for the half-wave dipole in free space.
1991 Pop. Sci. May 97/2 Gemini has the only telescoping monopole antenna, almost double the height of the other antennas when extended.
2. Resembling the field of a monopole; relating to or characteristic of a monopole.
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the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [adjective] > relating to specific moments
quadrupole1922
quadripole1927
multipole1929
octopole1932
monopolar1948
sextupole1950
octupole1954
monopole1962
hexadecapole1969
1962 D. R. Corson & P. Lorrain Introd. Electromagn. Fields ii. 54 The first term is merely the potential which we would have at P if the whole charge were concentrated at the origin. It is called the monopole term and is zero only if the net charge is zero.
1968 Jrnl. Math. Physics 9 484 The second-order [gravitational] field..is seen to consist of monopole, quadrupole, and 16-pole nonradiative motions.
1970 Jrnl. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 49 1722 The farfield spectrum was predicted by treating the orifice as a monopole source radiating into an infinite halfspace.
1985 G. Benford Artifact vi. 532 The octopole term in the potential (i.e., that which describes forces which have poles, like the magnetic force) exceeded the monopole term (that which describes spherical forces, like gravity) by orders of magnitude.
1997 Physical Rev. D. 55 3478/1 The energy density of the shell..is dominated by the jump in the monopole moment (the mass) of the source.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11548
n.21648n.3adj.1937