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单词 monish
释义

monishn.

Forms: 1700s–1800s monish, 1800s moniesh.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English moneys , money n.
Etymology: Variant of moneys, plural of money n. (see sense 3 at that entry), representing the alleged pronunciation of Jewish speakers. O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) gives the pronunciation as (mɒ·niʃ) /ˈmʌnɪʃ/.
cant. Obsolete.
Money.
ΚΠ
1781 M. P. Andrews Dissipation v. v. 80 To be sure, my Lorsh, if I recover my monish, I shall think less to loosh my daughter.
1804 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry 442 It is all de love of de monish, said a Jew.
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 125/2 Monish, tip us the, give me the money.
1853 S. Robinson Hot Corn 16 He can do no business—make no monish—tonight.
1866 Harper's Mag. July 271 Says the Conductor, ‘we have raised the price in order to keep out the low class, whose patronage we do not wish.’ ‘Oh yes, yes, yes! Vell, I see—dat ish all right! here ish your monish’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

monishv.

Brit. /ˈmɒnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈmɑnɪʃ/
Forms:

α. Middle English monast, Middle English monyst, Middle English moonest, Middle English–1500s monest, Middle English–1500s moneste; Scottish pre-1700 monast, pre-1700 monest.

β. Middle English monas, Middle English mones, Middle English monesch, Middle English monesche, Middle English monesh, Middle English moness, Middle English moneyche, Middle English monisch, Middle English monych, Middle English monyche, Middle English monysch, Middle English monysche, Middle English monyssch, Middle English–1500s monysh, Middle English–1500s monyshe, Middle English–1500s monyssche, Middle English–1500s monyssh, Middle English–1500s monysshe, 1500s manyssh, 1500s monise, 1500s monissh, 1500s monisshe, 1500s monyse, 1500s– monish; Scottish pre-1700 moneis, pre-1700 mones, pre-1700 monis, pre-1700 monisch, pre-1700 monische, pre-1700 monish, pre-1700 monys, pre-1700 monyss.

Past tense and past participle

α. Middle English moneschede, Middle English monessed, Middle English monestede, Middle English monestid, Middle English monestide, Middle English monestyd, Middle English monischyd, Middle English monychid, Middle English monyschede, Middle English monyschid, Middle English monysshed, 1500s monyshed, 1500s monyshyd, 1500s monysshed, 1500s–1600s 1800s– monished; Scottish pre-1700 moneissit, pre-1700 monesit, pre-1700 monifit (transmission error), pre-1700 monischit, pre-1700 monysed.

β. Middle English monest, Middle English moynest; Scottish pre-1700 moneist, pre-1700 monest, pre-1700 moneste, pre-1700 monist, pre-1700 moniste, pre-1700 monyst, pre-1700 monyste.

Origin: Either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: admonish v.; French monester.
Etymology: Either aphetic < admonish v. (see Middle English forms s.v.), or < Anglo-Norman and Old French monester (late 12th–early 14th centuries, rare; apparently < an unexplained derivative of classical Latin monēre to advise, warn (see moneo n.); compare Middle French moneste advice). Compare post-classical Latin monestare (c1400 in a British source, probably < French or English).For the alteration of the ending, see discussion s.v. admonish v.; the forms of the two words, both common in the 15th cent., probably exerted influence on one another, rather than showing the same development independently. The β past tense and past participle forms could be taken either as inflected forms corresponding to the β infinitive forms, or as unchanged forms corresponding to the α infinitive forms.
Now rare (chiefly literary and archaic).
1.
a. transitive. To warn or exhort (a person). Formerly usually with infinitive or that-clause. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > warning of imminent danger or evil > warn (a person) of imminent danger or evil [verb (transitive)]
warnc1000
forewarnc1330
monisha1382
premonisha1530
awarn1590
preadmonish1632
prewarna1637
preadvise1651
alarm1663
advertise1825
to give (or get) the (also a) wire1897
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > admonish
mingOE
monisha1382
correctc1386
admonish?c1400
minda1425
advertise1449
exhortc1475
premonisha1530
precaution1665
caution1683
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > to do something
redec1300
admonisha1325
monisha1382
advertise1449
commend1647
recommend1726
society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person)
to teach a person a thingc888
meanOE
wiseOE
sayOE
wittera1225
tellc1225
do to witc1275
let witc1275
let seec1330
inform1384
form1399
lerea1400
to wit (a person) to saya1400
learn1425
advertise1431
givec1449
insense?c1450
instruct1489
ascertain1490
let1490
alighta1500
advert1511
signify1523
reform1535
advise1562
partake1565
resolve1568
to do to ware1594
to let into one's knowledge1596
intellect1599
possess1600
acquainta1616
alighten1615
recommenda1616
intelligence1637
apprise1694
appraise1706
introduce1741
avail1785
prime1791
document1807
to put up1811
to put a person au fait of1828
post1847
to keep (someone) straight1862
monish1866
to put next to1896
to put (one) wise (to)1896
voice1898
in the picture1900
to give (someone) a line on1903
to wise up1905
drum1908
hip1932
to fill (someone) in on1945
clue1948
background1961
to mark a person's card1961
to loop in1994
α.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Tobit ix. 13 Þe fadir & moder takinge þer doȝter kisten hir & laften hir to gon, monestinge [v.r. monestende; a1425 L.V. monestiden; L. monentes] hir to wrshipen hir fader & moder in lawe.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 27330 And for to monest [a1400 Fairf. monast] him ful gerne, If he þam can noght, for to lerne.
c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 6 Here he monestiþ ech man to lyve wel.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 3579 I you pray and eke moneste, Nought to refusen our requeste.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 530 (MED) He monestede hem to do well.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cliii. f. lxxxii Monesting hym..that he shuld exchew and forbere suche doynge.
β. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Judges i. 14 He ȝaf to hym awyfe axam his douȝter, þe whiche goynge in þe wey, here man moneschede [v.rr. monestide, monyschid; a1425 L.V. stiride; L. monuit] þat she sholde axe here fader afild.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 26828 (MED) We moneyche [a1400 Fairf. monest] biscops..Þat..Þai thol na sauls forto be Lend vnto þe feinddes hand.c1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) ii. 231 (MED) Owr Lord, spekyng to hir thowt, monischyd hir to gon owt of þe cuntre.c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 3127 Þus monest [a1500 Trin. Dub. monyshest] he þe messangers þaire maistir to say.1483 St. Albans Chron. sig. gvii He monyschyd all cristen men that prestes shuld be worsshipped a bown all other men.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) x. viii. 5 The haly nymphe..Hyr brother Turnus did monys and exhort To succur Lawsus.?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye ii. sig. g7v And so are we monished by Esay in the .8. that we beleue no such phantasyes.c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. xv. f. 75v/1 Reule monist be this visioun come with the said reliquies.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 3444 in Wks. (1931) I. 302 He monyste [v.r. monischit] thame, vnder gret pane, Neuer to luke bakwart agane.1606 G. W. tr. Epit. Liues Emperors in tr. Justinus Hist. sig. Hh iij Men say that his parents were monished in a dreame to cal him Theodosius.a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1681 Weill is them that weill dois, few folks monis them.1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 39 Were thou and I To monish them.1856 S. Winkworth Life Tauler in Tauler's Serm. (1857) xxi. 360 Each doing as he is inwardly monished by the Holy Ghost.1866 T. N. Harper Peace through Truth 1st Ser. 15 The Apostle then, as Pacian monishes us, speaks of a visible unity.1883 Cent. Mag. Apr. 874/1 He had no doubt that other men were similarly monished.
b. transitive. Chiefly Ecclesiastical Law. To warn by a monition (monition n. 2); = monition v.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > [verb (transitive)] > serve with notice of monition
monishc1400
c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 159 (MED) We monest ȝow ferste in þe Popis half, þat ȝe make ful restitucioun of þe godes þat ȝe haue rauisshede of holy cherche.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 56 (MED) Alle þo þat..kepin or defendyn an opyn theef, after þe tyme þey be thryes monestyd.
1533 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 152 To monis the priores..for nonpayment of thair taxt of the Beltane terme.
1607 in W. H. Hale Precedents in Causes of Office against Churchwardens (1841) 10 He is now monished to appeare in the Consistorie the first court day of Easter next.
1633 in W. H. D. Longstaffe Acts High Comm. Court Durham (1858) 36 Hath heard the late Lord Bishopp Neile..monish and require Vaux to give over the profession of casting of figures.
1847 H. C. Coote Pract. Eccl. Courts 257 [Form of Monition.] We do therefore hereby authorize..you..peremptorily to monish, or cause to be monished, the said Alexander McMath.
1872 O. Shipley Gloss. Eccl. Terms at Monition An order monishing the party complained against to obey.
1885 Law Times 79 438/1 Whether the clergyman..had sufficiently monished him or any other erring parishioner.
1959 Earl Jowitt & C. Walsh Dict. Eng. Law II. 1188/1 In ecclesiastical procedure, a monition is an order monishing or warning the party complained against to do or not to do a certain act.
c. intransitive. To admonish; to give counsel, warning, or criticism.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > give advice [verb (intransitive)] > give or take advice
roundc1275
monishc1449
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) iv. iv. 445 Poul bade him [sc. Titus]..forto correcte defautis as weel as forto moneste.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) xii. 383 Thai may weill monyss [1487 St. J. Cambr. monast] as thai will.
1864 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 7) 4 These thy peers, Who loved thee once, loved, monished, mourned in vain.
1978 G. Vidal Kalki viii. 192 Giles coolly monished right back.
2. transitive. To warn of, call to mind (a thing, event, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > memory > call to mind, recollect [verb (transitive)]
i-thenchec897
bethinkOE
mingOE
thinkOE
monelOE
umbethinkc1175
to draw (also take) into (or to) memorya1275
minc1330
record1340
revert1340
remembera1382
mindc1384
monishc1384
to bring to mindc1390
remenec1390
me meanetha1400
reducec1425
to call to mind1427
gaincall1434
pense1493
remord?1507
revocate1527
revive1531
cite1549
to call back1572
recall1579
to call to mind (also memory, remembrance)1583
to call to remembrance1583
revoke1586
reverse1590
submonish1591
recover1602
recordate1603
to call up1606
to fetch up1608
reconjure1611
collect1612
remind1615
recollect1631
rememorize1632
retrieve1644
think1671
reconnoitre1729
member1823
reminisce1829
rememorate1835
recomember1852
evoke1856
updraw1879
withcall1901
access1978
the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > urge (a thing) persuasively > urge (a thing) earnestly
monishc1384
exhortc1500
urge1596
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke iii. 18 He, monestinge manye othere thingis [L. alia exhortans].
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) 3 John 10 If I shal come, I shal moneste [L. commonebo] his werkes whiche he doith, euangeliside to the peple.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Eccles. vii. 3 The ende of alle men is monestid [a1382 E.V. warned; L. admonetur].
?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye To Rdr. sig. a2 Let them remembre what paule monisheth .j. Timo. iiij.
1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus sig. Diijv Surely he is a stoute and a hartye monysher, if he monysh any thynge well.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1781v.a1382
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