monitorn.

Brit.

/ˈmɒnᵻtə/, U.S.

/ˈmɑnədər/

Forms: 1500s monytor, 1500s– monitor, 1600s–1700s monitour; Scottish pre-1700 monitour, pre-1700 monitur, pre-1700 monytour, 1700s– monitor.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin monitor.

Etymology: < classical Latin monitor a person who suggests or advises < monit- , past participial stem of monēre to advise, warn, remind (see moneo n.) + -or -or suffix. Compare earlier monitory n.In sense 4b after the name of the vessel built by Captain John Ericsson (see quot. 1862 at sense 4b). With sense 9, compare Middle French, French moniteur , person who warns or gives advice (c1455). In sense 10 < scientific Latin monitor, specific name ( Linnaeus Systema Naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 201), so called on account of its cry being supposed to warn of the vicinity of crocodiles; compare French monitor (Cuvier, 1805).

I. Something that advises or monitors, and extended uses.

†1. Scottish Ecclesiastical Law. A letter setting out a charge or injunction of an ecclesiastical judge; = monitory n. 1. Obsolete.

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society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > [noun] > admonition > letter containing

monitory1437

monitor1515

monitory letter1608

1515 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 44 Your bullis of provisioun of Dunkeld togiddir with the monitour penale contra Andream Stewart.

1525 in Trans. E. Lothian Antiquarian & Field Naturalists' Soc. (1952) 5 30 Ther is here ane lettyr of the officialis of Lowdiane direct..to diuers kyrkis..the quhilk lettyr and monitur sayis that it is complenit.

1534 Edinb. Hammermen f. 143^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Monit(o)ur Gevin for ane monitour with ane sovmondis ij s.

1550 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 599 [Letters of the vicar general of Glasgow and royal letters in the four forms, but..the royal letters] ar gevin upoun symple monitouris contenand na cursing.

a. A reminder or warning; a signal or indicator. Now rare.

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the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > [noun] > as injunction or warning

mingingOE

memento1580

memorandum1586

remembrance1600

monitor1623

monitive1638

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > something that serves to admonish

monitory1437

commonitory?1567

monitory letter1608

monitor1623

mementoa1625

monitive1638

cautionary tale1907

1623 R. Speght Mortalities Memorandum 33 Of lifes decay man information hath, From certaine monitors, which Vsher Death... The first of these is sodeine casualtie.

1643 M. P. (title) A briefe dissection of Germaines affliction... Sent as a (friendly) monitor to England, warning her to beware of..ingratitude, and security.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. v. 169 That picture was placed there by the Cardinals own appointment, to be to him a monitour of humility.

a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 202 All our Enjoyments..are Daily Monitors of Mercy to us, because they are purchased by the Blood of Christ.

1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §107 The Pains that come from the Necessities of Nature, are Monitors to us to beware of greater Mischiefs, which they are the Fore-runners of.

1760 T. Gray Let. 2 Sept. in Corr. (1971) II. 702 I sympathise with your gout: it would be strange if I did not, with so many internal monitors as I carry about me, that hourly bid me expect it myself this autumn.

1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 100 At the reanimating appearance of the rising sun, nature again revives; and I obey the chearful summons of the gentle monitors of the meads and groves.

1822 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 8 June 1/4 The blessings of life..indeed are but perpetual monitors of his own unworthiness.

1828 A. Jolly Observ. Sunday Services 167 Such emblematical rites..cleared of superstition, are useful helps and monitors to our weak minds.

1884 Contemp. Rev. May 684 Gouty neuralgia is the monitor..with those persons of a neurosal diathesis.

1957 E. Dahlberg Sorrows of Priapus i. 11 The elephant, doubtless, was no less a monitor than the heifer which is so often seen beside the seated Buddha.

†b. = back-board n. 4. Obsolete.

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the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > appliances to support spine

circumcinction1599

monitor1785

corset1833

plaster jacket1879

jury-mast1883

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 585 A Monitor is wood. Plank shaven thin. We wear it at our backs.

1828 Lights & Shades Eng. Life I. 315 In one corner of the room may be seen Miss Jenny choaking in a monitor.

1831 G. Brittaine Irishmen & Irishwomen (ed. 3) 67 Every real young lady she averred ought to wear monitors and steel collars.

a. Something which provides guidance as to conduct, esp. a person's conscience.Occasionally personified.

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1651 Bp. J. Taylor Golden Grove: Summer xiii. 162 A final judgement is no good monitor to him, to whom it is a severe executioner.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. xvii. 126 Conscience, this once able monitor,—placed on high as a judge within us.

1783 T. Jefferson Let. 11 Dec. in Papers (1952) VI. 380 This is your conscience... Our maker has given us all, this faithful internal Monitor.

1824 J. Hogg Private Mem. Justified Sinner 1 Of the matter furnished by the latter of these powerful monitors [sc. history and tradition], I have no reason to complain.

1896 Mind 5 70 Distrusting dim monitors within, the Hellenic mind wished that they should all be brought out of their lurking-places into the light.

1940 C. L. Morgan Voyage v. vii. 534 If there is an inward monitor, whose approval alone is of value and who alone may be permitted by a free man to impose order upon his freedom [etc.].

1987 C. Thubron Behind Wall i. 26 Once authority had sanctioned violence, no monitor inside him had called a halt.

b. In the title of a newspaper, periodical, or handbook.In later use with weakened sense. Now rare in new titles, but retained in the titles of some established newspapers and periodicals, where it is often understood as having a meaning more like sense 11a.

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1713 (title) The monitor. Intended for the promoting of religion and virtue, and suppressing vice.

1725 (title) The publick-house-keeper's monitor.

1850 (title) The Cape monitor.

1852 A. G. Mackey Lexicon Freemasonry (ed. 2) 75 All those well known directions found in our Monitors, which Masters are accustomed to read to candidates.

1908 (title) Christian Science Monitor.

a. U.S. An armoured railway wagon or other vehicle fitted with a heavy gun.

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society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > armoured gun-carrying

monitor1862

1862 T. J. C. Amory in War of Rebellion (U.S. War Dept.) (1887) 1st Ser. XVIII. 24 I was unaware at this time that the railroad monitor was with the two companies of infantry at the bridge, 9 miles from town.

1885 W. W. Burns in Cent. Mag. July 460 General Lee's famous railroad monitor was approaching.

1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 393 Monitor, a large armored war-engine of destruction, provided with movable port-holes for machine-guns and large caliber guns... The armored tank is the largest development of this machine.

b. An ironclad warship having a very low freeboard and one or more revolving turrets containing heavy guns (now historical). Also: any ship of similar construction, used for transporting freight.

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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat > floating battery

floating battery1695

pram1715

cheese box1855

monitor1863

1862 J. Ericsson Let. 20 Jan. in W. C. Church Life J. Ericsson (1890) I. 255 The iron-clad intruder will thus prove a severe monitor to those leaders [sc. of the Southern Rebellion]... On these and many similar grounds I propose to name the new battery Monitor.]

1863 Engineer 15 249/3 The presence before Charleston of three distinct types of iron-clads represented by the Monitors, the Keokuk, and the Ironsides.

1864 J. Ericsson Let. 20 Jan. in W. C. Church Life J. Ericsson (1890) II. 49 The ability of a dozen monitors to take Charleston.

1887 Westm. Rev. June 368 It is stated that the United States possesses fourteen monitors twenty years old, and five in process of construction.

1904 Outing Apr. 36/2 The big monitor draw-tub, so called from its resemblance to the celebrated raft... When the ‘monitor’ is filled it is drawn to camp.

1913 Oysterman & Fisherman 9 Aug. 26/1 The oysterman has one or more scow-like boats which they call ‘monitors’, which carry about 500 bushels of oysters. The motorboat takes one or more monitors in tow.

1942 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Dec. 13/3 Chesapeake plants come overland by truck, and from Virginia they are brought up Chincoteague Bay by monitors.

1961 B. Fergusson Watery Maze viii. 214 Three troopships..were sunk, and a monitor damaged.

1989 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 258/2 Though quite effective against other vessels and, hence, valuable in maintaining the blockade, monitors were not very effective in attacking fortified harbours.

5. U.S. A raised part of the roof of a building, railway carriage, etc., usually running along the centre, with openings for light and ventilation; a clerestory. Frequently attributive.

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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window > series of

clerestory1523

monitor1868

window band1942

1868 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 44 Those of us..who happen to have lately made the same journey comfortably seated in a ‘monitor’ or ‘palace car’, will cordially unite with Mr. Poor in this tribute to the genius of the man who invented the first successful locomotive engine for passenger conveyance.

1871 G. K. Snow Pathfinder 2 ‘The roofs [of certain railway passenger cars] are of the monitor pattern’, meaning slightly elevated along the centre, to make the car airy.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1472/1 Monitor-car (Railway), one having a central longitudinal raised portion in the roof, on the sides of which portion are openings for ventilation and panes for light.

1904 Boston Sunday Globe 28 Feb. 40/6 The monitor [of a caboose] is the square place with glass sides extending above the roof. There is a chair there..and the rear brakeman, or the conductor, may sit in it and see what is going on and where the train happens to be.

1923 W. Nutting Massachusetts Beautiful 294 The so-called monitor roof which rises in a kind of clear story, is here and there found through the 18th century.

1929 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 207 209 This building..has a monitor 6 feet wide down the center of its roof.

1961 J. W. T. Walsh Sci. Daylight iv. 91 The lantern may be regarded as a modification of the monitor roof.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 80/2 Brick structures topped by monitors and flanked by squatty chimneys housed iron foundries.

6. Mining. A jointed nozzle used in hydraulic mining, which may be turned in any direction.

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society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > other mining equipment

dial1681

stick1708

motty1797

nail1839

spiking crib or curb1839

spile1841

bull1849

dag1863

ore bin1867

monitor1873

Billy Fairplay1876

snibble1883

brattice-cloth1885

breaker1885

steam point1895

picking belt1900

self-rescuer1924

rock duster1930

walking dragline1930

1873 G. A. Lawrence Silverland x. 166 A powerful apparatus of cast iron, provided with a universal joint to which the outlet or ‘nozzle’ is attached... This apparatus is sometimes called a ‘monitor’.

1883 Cent. Mag. Jan. 324 Pipes from fifteen to thirty inches in diameter..may be seen winding through a hydraulic mine. These pipes terminate in monitors, each discharging a gleaming shaft of water so powerful as to toss about rocks, tons in weight.

1898 Times 22 Aug. 6/3 Hydraulic pressure exerted against the deposits by what are known as..‘Monitors’, huge squirts... These huge jets of water strike against the mass of gravels with a force of many thousand horse-power.

1948 P. Johnston Lost & Living Cities of Calif. Gold Rush 24/2 The hills and mountains, torn and dismembered by the monitors, were carried piecemeal by lesser streams into the larger rivers.

1967 Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) viii Monitor (hydraulic), a device for directing a jet of water at high pressure to break down mineral deposits.

7. Something which monitors or displays performance, output, etc., esp. of a system.

a. A loudspeaker used in a recording studio, broadcasting studio, live performance, etc., to enable sound engineers and performers to monitor the output; (gen.) any high-quality loudspeaker.

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the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker

loudspeaker1884

speaker1926

condenser loudspeaker1929

monitor1931

tweeter1934

woofer1935

squawk box1945

ionophone1952

monitor speaker1954

mid-range1955

squawker1959

subwoofer1975

1931 A. Nadell Projecting Sound Pict. ii. 36 The projectionist has only to listen to the sound in his monitor and adjust the guides until the disturbance disappears.

1949 J. G. Frayne & H. Wolfe Elem. Sound Recording xi. 196 In disk recording..less emphasis is placed on checking..by means of the monitor than in film recording.

1989 Guitar Player Mar. 27/2 (advt.) There's even a ‘wet’ stage monitor mix for your singer, using a reverb-to-monitor feature.

1999 Daily Tel. 27 Sept. 15/8 Tom Robinson got the cheer of the night for leaping over the monitors and performing his homo-erotic folksong Blood Brothers completely acoustically.

b. A cathode ray tube screen or other device used to monitor electrical or radio output, spec. an oscilloscope.

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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > cathode-ray tube > [noun] > oscilloscope

oscilloscope1909

monitor1931

1931 Proc. IRE 19 911 (caption) Transmitter and pulse generator with cathode ray oscillograph monitor.

1934 Proc. IRE 22 450 The monitors are designed for continuous operation, giving a continuous indication of the radio transmitter's frequency, and enabling the radio station operator to tell at a glance whether the transmitter is within the assigned limits.

1961 K. R. Sturley Sound & Television Broadcasting v. 338 Equipment known as a ‘transmitter executive monitor’ may be installed at a station to keep a watch on distortion due to overload and noise such as hum.

1971 H. E. Ennes Television Broadcasting i. 32 On the monitor panel are located adjustments for the kinescope focus and brightness.., oscilloscope (waveform monitor) focus and brightness, [etc.].

c. An instrument or device for continuously measuring some quantity or property (in early use chiefly levels of radioactivity).

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society > occupation and work > equipment > [noun] > for measurement or control

conformator1874

control equipment1899

probe1924

instrumentation1932

monitor1948

1948 Nucl. Sci. Abstr. 1 282 The different types of radiation distribution..and detecting devices, such as air monitors..are briefly explained.

1958 O. R. Frisch Nucl. Handbk. ii. 9 A special monitor..has been designed for the use of persons leaving a laboratory; this counts α- or β-activity on both sides of the two hands.

1966 P. J. O'Higgins Basic Instrumentation x. 289 A monitor is an instrument that is used to measure continuously or at intervals a quantity or condition that must be kept within a prescribed limit. An example is the oil gauge in an automobile.

1973 Daily Tel. 10 Aug. 3 (advt.) A foetal heart monitor..enables medical staff to tune in to the heart-beat of an unborn baby.

1994 Harper's Mag. Dec. 49 An apnea monitor..would beep if his heart slowed, became extremely irregular, or stopped.

d. A television screen used in a studio, etc., to display the picture from a particular camera or the picture being broadcast.picture monitor: see picture n.

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society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > television set

television set1924

television1929

home video1949

TV1949

box1950

transistor set1953

telly1954

idiot box1955

monitor1957

boob tube1959

goggle-box1959

transportable1959

the tube1959

portable1960

set1961

widescreen1982

1957 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 28 501/2 The problem..of the monitor which I urgently needed to see that my ‘visuals’ were on camera when I expected them, but which..failed on several occasions.

1969 Times 22 July (Moon Suppl.) p. i/1 There's a great deal of contrast in it and currently it's upside down on our monitor but we can make out a fair amount of detail.

1990 Do It Yourself Apr. 17/3 Video Monitoring System... The cable is then run back to the monitor.

e. Computing. A computer program which monitors and controls the running of other programs; an operating system.

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society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > operating systems software

supervisor1956

system program1956

software1958

system1958

systems program1960

operating system1961

monitor1962

system software1962

open system1981

society > computing and information technology > software > [adjective] > system or utility program

interpretive1951

system programming1958

monitor1962

1962 in IBM Systems Jrnl. (1963) 2 161 (title) IBM 7090/7094 operating systems: basic monitor (IBSYS).

1963 IBM Systems Jrnl. 2 155 The Fortran ii monitor system..was developed by North American Aviation Inc...and introduced in 1959.

1979 Personal Computer World Nov. 82/1 Some monitors can support more than one user program simultaneously.

1989 Byte Aug. 142/3 The monitor program will power down these selections of the computer to conserve battery power.

f. Computing. A visual display unit connected to a computer to display text and images; a computer screen.

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society > computing and information technology > hardware > peripherals > [noun] > monitor

colour monitor1941

visual display unit1954

computer monitor1963

computer screen1966

VDU1968

VDT1975

monitor1976

Multisync1986

1976 Jrnl. Financial & Quantative Anal. 11 603 The cost of such a terminal, including acoustic coupler, is approximately $1800. Each monitor costs approximately $400.

1977 Computer Design Apr. 151/2 The color monitor within the case can be driven simultaneously with a separate black and white monitor and video hardcopy printer.

1982 S. Bellow Dean's December i. 5 On the electronic screen of the monitor, symbols and digits shimmied and whirled.

1997 K. Reichs Déjà Dead xx. 235 Lucie's office was crammed with terminals, monitors, printers, and computer paraphernalia of all kinds.

II. A person who advises or monitors, and extended uses.

8. A school pupil or (esp. U.S.) college student assigned disciplinary or other responsibilities (formerly in some cases including teaching of junior pupils).

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society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > prefect or monitor

prepositor1519

monitor1530

nomenclator?1566

propositor1633

praepostor1768

monitress1795

prefect1826

1530 R. Cox in Victoria County Hist.: Bucks (1908) II. 179 In every howse a monytor.

1546 in G. Peacock Stat. Cambridge (1841) 123 Let them [sc. the deans] appoint six monitors, two for public worship and four for speaking Latin [i.e. to enforce the speaking of Latin].

1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 65 Theire severall absences, negligencies and misbehaviours..given up by the monitours in their bille.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xxix. 295 The Monitours of that weeke.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 248 Even the most carelesse boyes will be affraid to offend in the face of the monitor.

1764 ‘G. Psalmanazar’ Memoirs 75 This mark of distinction [sc. a large ribbon] did moreover entitle me to be head monitor and marshal of that whole school.

1798 S. T. Coleridge Let. 19 Feb. Every ward [in Christ's Hospital] was governed by four Monitors,..and by four Markers.

1812 Monthly Mag. 33 239 To surround himself with ushers, proportioned to the number of boys, and more advanced in acquirement than these yeanling monitors.

1848 Stat. & Laws Harvard (1854) 11 Monitors are appointed, and their duties and compensation fixed, by the Faculty.

1882 J. Russell New Educ. Code 23 Temporary monitors employed in place of the teachers causing the vacancies are recognised as part of the school staff.

1913 J. London Valley of Moon 203 He and she had been monitors together of the composition books for one term.

1972 J. Metcalf Going down Slow iii. 35 Only the monitor was in the library.

1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar Barbarians at Gate v. 130 ‘Hank’ Kravis was a popular student: vice president of the student council, scrappy captain of the wrestling team, dorm monitor.

†9. gen. A person who gives advice or warning as to conduct. Occasionally: a person who advises another to perform a particular action, an instigator. Obsolete.

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the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates

prickera1382

stirrerc1384

enticerc1386

exciter1387

risera1398

solicitor1412

erterc1440

prompter1440

stirrer?1533

motionerc1535

author1546

onsetter1549

stinger1552

setter-on1560

incentor1570

incensora1575

mover1578

whetter1579

out-hounder1596

hounder1597

egger on1598

inciter1598

instigator1598

urger1598

motive1600

fomenter1607

inflamer1609

fetcher in?1611

provokera1616

putter-ona1616

monitor1616

spurrer1632

outputter1639

poddera1640

commoter1646

impulsor1653

shaker and mover1874

agent provocateur1888

impeller1889

sooler1935

spark plug1941

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > admonisher

monishera1382

admonitor1547

admonisher1549

monitioner1556

admonitioner1593

monitrix1611

monitor1616

monitress1748

admonitrix1850

1616 F. Bacon Advice to G. Villiers in Cabala (1663) 42 In this [sc. religion] you need not be a Monitor to the King; the chiefest of his imperiall titles, is, to be The Defender of the Faith.

a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 66 When a man is author and monitor to another to commit an vnlawfull act.

1630 R. Brathwait Eng. Gentleman 208 Though reason like a discreet Monitor advise them to moderate their passions.

1630 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. §xc O God, thou art still equally mercifull... Let the sound of thy faithfull monitors smite my eares.

1692 J. Dryden Cleomenes i. i. 7 Panth. You promis'd Patience, Sir. Cleom. Thou art a Scurvy Monitor, I am Patient.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 155. ⁋5 The officious monitor is persecuted with hatred..because he assumes that superiority which we are not willing to grant him.

1771 E. Burke Corr. (1844) I. 278 Strict and faithful monitors, that keep watch on every action of my life.

1782 Ld. Macartney Let. 1 Oct. in Private Corr. (1950) 64 It is perhaps the most fortunate circumstance of a man's life to have a sincere monitor. When I receive your letters I examine myself and my past actions narrowly.

1830 A. Cunningham Lives Brit. Painters (ed. 2) II. 231 ‘George’, said his monitor, ‘you must have reasons for keeping such company.’

1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. i. 7 ‘You boast of its being over. You see it is not over’, says Clive's monitor and companion.

1868 L. M. Alcott Little Women I. iv. 64 Meg was Amy's confidant and monitor.

10. Any of various large to very large tropical Old World lizards constituting the genus Varanus and the family Varanidae, having a long neck, narrow head, short body, and forked tongue; a varanid. Also called goanna in Australia.Nile, sand, water monitor: see the first element.

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the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Varanidae or genus Varanus > member of (monitor)

guana1697

worrala1701

monitory lizard1790

monitor1802

goanna1831

safeguard1831

sauvegarde1840

varanian1841

varan1843

water lizard1865

monitor lizard1869

varanid1896

varanus1934

1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. i. 214 The Monitor, or Monitory Lizard, is one of the most beautiful of the whole tribe.

1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) I. 73 Africa possesses the Monitors.

1884 American 8 218 Large monitors and many smaller lizards abound.

1900 Westm. Gaz. 19 Apr. 1/3 Among the latest arrivals at the Zoo is a Bengal monitor.

1965 R. McKie Company of Animals i. 3 Not twenty paces away was a six-foot Malayan lizard, a monitor, grey against the shingle.

1986 R. Bakker Dinosaur Heresies (1988) iii. 63 In the Australian outback the traveling lizard watcher can catch a glimpse of the seven-foot Perentie monitor.

11.

a. A person who oversees or observes; one who observes or comments on a process or activity, esp. in an official capacity to ensure that correct procedure is followed.

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society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer

overseera1382

warden1398

surveyorc1440

supervisorc1454

seer1498

supravisor1573

superviser1616

curator1632

curate1648

overvisor1653

surviewer1783

major-domo1835

boss boy1906

monitor1922

incharge1956

1922 F. D. Lugard Dual Mandate Brit. Trop. Afr. xi. 227 ‘Tell us what you want done,’ they say to their foreign monitors, ‘and we will take care that your wishes are carried out, but do not attempt to see to their execution yourself.’

1990 Nation (N.Y.) 5 Nov. 528/1 Rights monitors in Kuwait also report that since 1963 ‘all applications for new newspapers have been denied’.

2000 Daily Tel. 3 May 25/3 If this election were being held in a Third World country with international monitors, the mis-instruction on the ballot paper would probably..invalidate the whole election.

b. A person employed to listen to and report on (esp. foreign or enemy) radio broadcasts.

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society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [noun] > reporting on (foreign) broadcasts > one who

monitor1939

1939 Times 2 Nov. 5/3 The material, after it is taken down and translated by the monitors, is summarized by an editorial staff.

1945 Times 26 May 2/4 In another room monitors were listening to Morse signals.

1974 Daily Tel. 16 July 1/2 Radio monitors heard what purported to be a 20-second reading by the Archbishop.

12. A person who uses monitoring equipment to check levels, standards, etc.

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the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > keeping watch > [noun] > observing, supervising, or keeping under review > one who uses equipment for

monitor1928

1928 Paramount Studio News 20 Sept. in F. J. Wilstach Motion Picture Slang Monitor, the engineer on the set where the talking picture is filmed. He is in constant telephonic communication with the mixing panel, recording room and amplifying room.

1930 W. B. Pitkin & W. M. Marston Art of Sound Pictures x. 226 In the monitor room sits a sound monitor, who mixes the currents from different microphones in such a way that the best possible sound effects are produced.

1973 Gloss. Terms Nucl. Sci. & Technol. (B.S.I.) 34 Monitor,..2. A person who uses a monitor.

Compounds

monitor booth n. a booth in a recording studio, etc., where sound quality and levels are monitored.

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1929 F. Green Film finds its Tongue xvii. 232 The ‘mixer’..has come down out of the monitor booth.

1949 J. G. Frayne & H. Wolfe Elem. Sound Recording xi. 196 Music is monitored and mixed in a ‘monitor booth’, which is acoustically insulated from the recording stage.

monitor lizard n. [compare earlier monitory lizard n. at monitory n. and adj. Compounds] = sense 10.

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the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Varanidae or genus Varanus > member of (monitor)

guana1697

worrala1701

monitory lizard1790

monitor1802

goanna1831

safeguard1831

sauvegarde1840

varanian1841

varan1843

water lizard1865

monitor lizard1869

varanid1896

varanus1934

1869 P. Gillmore tr. G. L. Figuier Reptiles & Birds (1870) 13 In the Crocodiles and Monitor Lizards..a mutilated part is not renewed.

1908 E. J. Banfield Confessions of Beachcomber i. iii. 99 There is..no iguana (rather, monitor lizard), though a fair variety of other reptiles.

1999 P. Jooste Frieda & Min 268 The only movement is a monitor lizard sliding rock to rock.

monitor man n. now rare a man responsible for monitoring sound levels during film recording.

ΚΠ

1929 Photoplay Apr. 31/2 Monitor man, the person who operates the volume control on talking picture production, modulating sounds as they come through the microphone so as to get a more even and natural tone.

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 478/2 Knob-twister, a casual reference to monitor man or recordist in motion-picture production.

monitor room n. = monitor booth n.

ΚΠ

1929 F. Green Film finds its Tongue xiii. 186 A ‘mixing booth’ or monitor room had been built about 15 feet up... It had glass sides through which the ‘mixer’ could view everything that was going on.

1974 Nature 13 Dec. 535/2 The present upsurge of interest in surround-sound was in some measure triggered by engineers and producers playing back such four-track material directly into four amplifiers and loudspeakers distributed approximately in a square near to the corners of the monitor room.

monitor screen n. = sense 7d.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > television set > screen

telescreen1932

video screen1939

monitor screen1944

split screen1953

microscreen1979

1944 R. E. Lee Television 155 The video engineer clamps down one of the ‘pots’ on his control panel, draining the light from the monitor screen.

1958 M. Dickens Man Overboard x. 155 He caught sight of himself on the small monitor screen at one side of the cameras.

1983 A. Gray Unlikely Stories, Mostly (1984) 65 Freeze frame, then the camera zooms further back to show the image of George multiplied on the monitor screens of a television gallery.

monitor speaker n. = sense 7a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker

loudspeaker1884

speaker1926

condenser loudspeaker1929

monitor1931

tweeter1934

woofer1935

squawk box1945

ionophone1952

monitor speaker1954

mid-range1955

squawker1959

subwoofer1975

1954 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 19 778/2 The output of the pre-amplifier connects to a monitor speaker in the observation room.

1991 Electronic Musician Nov. 71/2 This pattern diminishes the potential for feedback in live situations, since monitor speakers can be placed outside the microphone's field of sensitivity.

monitor-tube n. rare = sense 7d.

ΚΠ

1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production i. 16 Above each camera's control unit is a monitor-tube on which its picture is displayed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	monitor
释义	monitorn. Brit. /ˈmɒnᵻtə/, U.S. /ˈmɑnədər/ Forms: 1500s monytor, 1500s– monitor, 1600s–1700s monitour; Scottish pre-1700 monitour, pre-1700 monitur, pre-1700 monytour, 1700s– monitor. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin monitor. Etymology: < classical Latin monitor a person who suggests or advises < monit- , past participial stem of monēre to advise, warn, remind (see moneo n.) + -or -or suffix. Compare earlier monitory n.In sense 4b after the name of the vessel built by Captain John Ericsson (see quot. 1862 at sense 4b). With sense 9, compare Middle French, French moniteur , person who warns or gives advice (c1455). In sense 10 < scientific Latin monitor, specific name ( Linnaeus Systema Naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 201), so called on account of its cry being supposed to warn of the vicinity of crocodiles; compare French monitor (Cuvier, 1805). I. Something that advises or monitors, and extended uses. †1. Scottish Ecclesiastical Law. A letter setting out a charge or injunction of an ecclesiastical judge; = monitory n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > [noun] > admonition > letter containing monitory1437 monitor1515 monitory letter1608 1515 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 44 Your bullis of provisioun of Dunkeld togiddir with the monitour penale contra Andream Stewart. 1525 in Trans. E. Lothian Antiquarian & Field Naturalists' Soc. (1952) 5 30 Ther is here ane lettyr of the officialis of Lowdiane direct..to diuers kyrkis..the quhilk lettyr and monitur sayis that it is complenit. 1534 Edinb. Hammermen f. 143^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Monit(o)ur Gevin for ane monitour with ane sovmondis ij s. 1550 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 599 [Letters of the vicar general of Glasgow and royal letters in the four forms, but..the royal letters] ar gevin upoun symple monitouris contenand na cursing. 2. a. A reminder or warning; a signal or indicator. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > [noun] > as injunction or warning mingingOE memento1580 memorandum1586 remembrance1600 monitor1623 monitive1638 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > something that serves to admonish monitory1437 commonitory?1567 monitory letter1608 monitor1623 mementoa1625 monitive1638 cautionary tale1907 1623 R. Speght Mortalities Memorandum 33 Of lifes decay man information hath, From certaine monitors, which Vsher Death... The first of these is sodeine casualtie. 1643 M. P. (title) A briefe dissection of Germaines affliction... Sent as a (friendly) monitor to England, warning her to beware of..ingratitude, and security. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. v. 169 That picture was placed there by the Cardinals own appointment, to be to him a monitour of humility. a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 202 All our Enjoyments..are Daily Monitors of Mercy to us, because they are purchased by the Blood of Christ. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §107 The Pains that come from the Necessities of Nature, are Monitors to us to beware of greater Mischiefs, which they are the Fore-runners of. 1760 T. Gray Let. 2 Sept. in Corr. (1971) II. 702 I sympathise with your gout: it would be strange if I did not, with so many internal monitors as I carry about me, that hourly bid me expect it myself this autumn. 1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 100 At the reanimating appearance of the rising sun, nature again revives; and I obey the chearful summons of the gentle monitors of the meads and groves. 1822 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 8 June 1/4 The blessings of life..indeed are but perpetual monitors of his own unworthiness. 1828 A. Jolly Observ. Sunday Services 167 Such emblematical rites..cleared of superstition, are useful helps and monitors to our weak minds. 1884 Contemp. Rev. May 684 Gouty neuralgia is the monitor..with those persons of a neurosal diathesis. 1957 E. Dahlberg Sorrows of Priapus i. 11 The elephant, doubtless, was no less a monitor than the heifer which is so often seen beside the seated Buddha. †b. = back-board n. 4. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > appliances to support spine circumcinction1599 monitor1785 corset1833 plaster jacket1879 jury-mast1883 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 585 A Monitor is wood. Plank shaven thin. We wear it at our backs. 1828 Lights & Shades Eng. Life I. 315 In one corner of the room may be seen Miss Jenny choaking in a monitor. 1831 G. Brittaine Irishmen & Irishwomen (ed. 3) 67 Every real young lady she averred ought to wear monitors and steel collars. 3. a. Something which provides guidance as to conduct, esp. a person's conscience.Occasionally personified. ΚΠ 1651 Bp. J. Taylor Golden Grove: Summer xiii. 162 A final judgement is no good monitor to him, to whom it is a severe executioner. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. xvii. 126 Conscience, this once able monitor,—placed on high as a judge within us. 1783 T. Jefferson Let. 11 Dec. in Papers (1952) VI. 380 This is your conscience... Our maker has given us all, this faithful internal Monitor. 1824 J. Hogg Private Mem. Justified Sinner 1 Of the matter furnished by the latter of these powerful monitors [sc. history and tradition], I have no reason to complain. 1896 Mind 5 70 Distrusting dim monitors within, the Hellenic mind wished that they should all be brought out of their lurking-places into the light. 1940 C. L. Morgan Voyage v. vii. 534 If there is an inward monitor, whose approval alone is of value and who alone may be permitted by a free man to impose order upon his freedom [etc.]. 1987 C. Thubron Behind Wall i. 26 Once authority had sanctioned violence, no monitor inside him had called a halt. b. In the title of a newspaper, periodical, or handbook.In later use with weakened sense. Now rare in new titles, but retained in the titles of some established newspapers and periodicals, where it is often understood as having a meaning more like sense 11a. ΚΠ 1713 (title) The monitor. Intended for the promoting of religion and virtue, and suppressing vice. 1725 (title) The publick-house-keeper's monitor. 1850 (title) The Cape monitor. 1852 A. G. Mackey Lexicon Freemasonry (ed. 2) 75 All those well known directions found in our Monitors, which Masters are accustomed to read to candidates. 1908 (title) Christian Science Monitor. 4. a. U.S. An armoured railway wagon or other vehicle fitted with a heavy gun. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > armoured gun-carrying monitor1862 1862 T. J. C. Amory in War of Rebellion (U.S. War Dept.) (1887) 1st Ser. XVIII. 24 I was unaware at this time that the railroad monitor was with the two companies of infantry at the bridge, 9 miles from town. 1885 W. W. Burns in Cent. Mag. July 460 General Lee's famous railroad monitor was approaching. 1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 393 Monitor, a large armored war-engine of destruction, provided with movable port-holes for machine-guns and large caliber guns... The armored tank is the largest development of this machine. b. An ironclad warship having a very low freeboard and one or more revolving turrets containing heavy guns (now historical). Also: any ship of similar construction, used for transporting freight. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat > floating battery floating battery1695 pram1715 cheese box1855 monitor1863 1862 J. Ericsson Let. 20 Jan. in W. C. Church Life J. Ericsson (1890) I. 255 The iron-clad intruder will thus prove a severe monitor to those leaders [sc. of the Southern Rebellion]... On these and many similar grounds I propose to name the new battery Monitor.] 1863 Engineer 15 249/3 The presence before Charleston of three distinct types of iron-clads represented by the Monitors, the Keokuk, and the Ironsides. 1864 J. Ericsson Let. 20 Jan. in W. C. Church Life J. Ericsson (1890) II. 49 The ability of a dozen monitors to take Charleston. 1887 Westm. Rev. June 368 It is stated that the United States possesses fourteen monitors twenty years old, and five in process of construction. 1904 Outing Apr. 36/2 The big monitor draw-tub, so called from its resemblance to the celebrated raft... When the ‘monitor’ is filled it is drawn to camp. 1913 Oysterman & Fisherman 9 Aug. 26/1 The oysterman has one or more scow-like boats which they call ‘monitors’, which carry about 500 bushels of oysters. The motorboat takes one or more monitors in tow. 1942 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Dec. 13/3 Chesapeake plants come overland by truck, and from Virginia they are brought up Chincoteague Bay by monitors. 1961 B. Fergusson Watery Maze viii. 214 Three troopships..were sunk, and a monitor damaged. 1989 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 258/2 Though quite effective against other vessels and, hence, valuable in maintaining the blockade, monitors were not very effective in attacking fortified harbours. 5. U.S. A raised part of the roof of a building, railway carriage, etc., usually running along the centre, with openings for light and ventilation; a clerestory. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window > series of clerestory1523 monitor1868 window band1942 1868 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 44 Those of us..who happen to have lately made the same journey comfortably seated in a ‘monitor’ or ‘palace car’, will cordially unite with Mr. Poor in this tribute to the genius of the man who invented the first successful locomotive engine for passenger conveyance. 1871 G. K. Snow Pathfinder 2 ‘The roofs [of certain railway passenger cars] are of the monitor pattern’, meaning slightly elevated along the centre, to make the car airy. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1472/1 Monitor-car (Railway), one having a central longitudinal raised portion in the roof, on the sides of which portion are openings for ventilation and panes for light. 1904 Boston Sunday Globe 28 Feb. 40/6 The monitor [of a caboose] is the square place with glass sides extending above the roof. There is a chair there..and the rear brakeman, or the conductor, may sit in it and see what is going on and where the train happens to be. 1923 W. Nutting Massachusetts Beautiful 294 The so-called monitor roof which rises in a kind of clear story, is here and there found through the 18th century. 1929 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 207 209 This building..has a monitor 6 feet wide down the center of its roof. 1961 J. W. T. Walsh Sci. Daylight iv. 91 The lantern may be regarded as a modification of the monitor roof. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 80/2 Brick structures topped by monitors and flanked by squatty chimneys housed iron foundries. 6. Mining. A jointed nozzle used in hydraulic mining, which may be turned in any direction. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > other mining equipment dial1681 stick1708 motty1797 nail1839 spiking crib or curb1839 spile1841 bull1849 dag1863 ore bin1867 monitor1873 Billy Fairplay1876 snibble1883 brattice-cloth1885 breaker1885 steam point1895 picking belt1900 self-rescuer1924 rock duster1930 walking dragline1930 1873 G. A. Lawrence Silverland x. 166 A powerful apparatus of cast iron, provided with a universal joint to which the outlet or ‘nozzle’ is attached... This apparatus is sometimes called a ‘monitor’. 1883 Cent. Mag. Jan. 324 Pipes from fifteen to thirty inches in diameter..may be seen winding through a hydraulic mine. These pipes terminate in monitors, each discharging a gleaming shaft of water so powerful as to toss about rocks, tons in weight. 1898 Times 22 Aug. 6/3 Hydraulic pressure exerted against the deposits by what are known as..‘Monitors’, huge squirts... These huge jets of water strike against the mass of gravels with a force of many thousand horse-power. 1948 P. Johnston Lost & Living Cities of Calif. Gold Rush 24/2 The hills and mountains, torn and dismembered by the monitors, were carried piecemeal by lesser streams into the larger rivers. 1967 Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) viii Monitor (hydraulic), a device for directing a jet of water at high pressure to break down mineral deposits. 7. Something which monitors or displays performance, output, etc., esp. of a system. a. A loudspeaker used in a recording studio, broadcasting studio, live performance, etc., to enable sound engineers and performers to monitor the output; (gen.) any high-quality loudspeaker. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker loudspeaker1884 speaker1926 condenser loudspeaker1929 monitor1931 tweeter1934 woofer1935 squawk box1945 ionophone1952 monitor speaker1954 mid-range1955 squawker1959 subwoofer1975 1931 A. Nadell Projecting Sound Pict. ii. 36 The projectionist has only to listen to the sound in his monitor and adjust the guides until the disturbance disappears. 1949 J. G. Frayne & H. Wolfe Elem. Sound Recording xi. 196 In disk recording..less emphasis is placed on checking..by means of the monitor than in film recording. 1989 Guitar Player Mar. 27/2 (advt.) There's even a ‘wet’ stage monitor mix for your singer, using a reverb-to-monitor feature. 1999 Daily Tel. 27 Sept. 15/8 Tom Robinson got the cheer of the night for leaping over the monitors and performing his homo-erotic folksong Blood Brothers completely acoustically. b. A cathode ray tube screen or other device used to monitor electrical or radio output, spec. an oscilloscope. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > cathode-ray tube > [noun] > oscilloscope oscilloscope1909 monitor1931 1931 Proc. IRE 19 911 (caption) Transmitter and pulse generator with cathode ray oscillograph monitor. 1934 Proc. IRE 22 450 The monitors are designed for continuous operation, giving a continuous indication of the radio transmitter's frequency, and enabling the radio station operator to tell at a glance whether the transmitter is within the assigned limits. 1961 K. R. Sturley Sound & Television Broadcasting v. 338 Equipment known as a ‘transmitter executive monitor’ may be installed at a station to keep a watch on distortion due to overload and noise such as hum. 1971 H. E. Ennes Television Broadcasting i. 32 On the monitor panel are located adjustments for the kinescope focus and brightness.., oscilloscope (waveform monitor) focus and brightness, [etc.]. c. An instrument or device for continuously measuring some quantity or property (in early use chiefly levels of radioactivity). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > [noun] > for measurement or control conformator1874 control equipment1899 probe1924 instrumentation1932 monitor1948 1948 Nucl. Sci. Abstr. 1 282 The different types of radiation distribution..and detecting devices, such as air monitors..are briefly explained. 1958 O. R. Frisch Nucl. Handbk. ii. 9 A special monitor..has been designed for the use of persons leaving a laboratory; this counts α- or β-activity on both sides of the two hands. 1966 P. J. O'Higgins Basic Instrumentation x. 289 A monitor is an instrument that is used to measure continuously or at intervals a quantity or condition that must be kept within a prescribed limit. An example is the oil gauge in an automobile. 1973 Daily Tel. 10 Aug. 3 (advt.) A foetal heart monitor..enables medical staff to tune in to the heart-beat of an unborn baby. 1994 Harper's Mag. Dec. 49 An apnea monitor..would beep if his heart slowed, became extremely irregular, or stopped. d. A television screen used in a studio, etc., to display the picture from a particular camera or the picture being broadcast.picture monitor: see picture n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > television set television set1924 television1929 home video1949 TV1949 box1950 transistor set1953 telly1954 idiot box1955 monitor1957 boob tube1959 goggle-box1959 transportable1959 the tube1959 portable1960 set1961 widescreen1982 1957 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 28 501/2 The problem..of the monitor which I urgently needed to see that my ‘visuals’ were on camera when I expected them, but which..failed on several occasions. 1969 Times 22 July (Moon Suppl.) p. i/1 There's a great deal of contrast in it and currently it's upside down on our monitor but we can make out a fair amount of detail. 1990 Do It Yourself Apr. 17/3 Video Monitoring System... The cable is then run back to the monitor. e. Computing. A computer program which monitors and controls the running of other programs; an operating system. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > operating systems software supervisor1956 system program1956 software1958 system1958 systems program1960 operating system1961 monitor1962 system software1962 open system1981 society > computing and information technology > software > [adjective] > system or utility program interpretive1951 system programming1958 monitor1962 1962 in IBM Systems Jrnl. (1963) 2 161 (title) IBM 7090/7094 operating systems: basic monitor (IBSYS). 1963 IBM Systems Jrnl. 2 155 The Fortran ii monitor system..was developed by North American Aviation Inc...and introduced in 1959. 1979 Personal Computer World Nov. 82/1 Some monitors can support more than one user program simultaneously. 1989 Byte Aug. 142/3 The monitor program will power down these selections of the computer to conserve battery power. f. Computing. A visual display unit connected to a computer to display text and images; a computer screen. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > hardware > peripherals > [noun] > monitor colour monitor1941 visual display unit1954 computer monitor1963 computer screen1966 VDU1968 VDT1975 monitor1976 Multisync1986 1976 Jrnl. Financial & Quantative Anal. 11 603 The cost of such a terminal, including acoustic coupler, is approximately $1800. Each monitor costs approximately $400. 1977 Computer Design Apr. 151/2 The color monitor within the case can be driven simultaneously with a separate black and white monitor and video hardcopy printer. 1982 S. Bellow Dean's December i. 5 On the electronic screen of the monitor, symbols and digits shimmied and whirled. 1997 K. Reichs Déjà Dead xx. 235 Lucie's office was crammed with terminals, monitors, printers, and computer paraphernalia of all kinds. II. A person who advises or monitors, and extended uses. 8. A school pupil or (esp. U.S.) college student assigned disciplinary or other responsibilities (formerly in some cases including teaching of junior pupils). ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > prefect or monitor prepositor1519 monitor1530 nomenclator?1566 propositor1633 praepostor1768 monitress1795 prefect1826 1530 R. Cox in Victoria County Hist.: Bucks (1908) II. 179 In every howse a monytor. 1546 in G. Peacock Stat. Cambridge (1841) 123 Let them [sc. the deans] appoint six monitors, two for public worship and four for speaking Latin [i.e. to enforce the speaking of Latin]. 1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 65 Theire severall absences, negligencies and misbehaviours..given up by the monitours in their bille. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xxix. 295 The Monitours of that weeke. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 248 Even the most carelesse boyes will be affraid to offend in the face of the monitor. 1764 ‘G. Psalmanazar’ Memoirs 75 This mark of distinction [sc. a large ribbon] did moreover entitle me to be head monitor and marshal of that whole school. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Let. 19 Feb. Every ward [in Christ's Hospital] was governed by four Monitors,..and by four Markers. 1812 Monthly Mag. 33 239 To surround himself with ushers, proportioned to the number of boys, and more advanced in acquirement than these yeanling monitors. 1848 Stat. & Laws Harvard (1854) 11 Monitors are appointed, and their duties and compensation fixed, by the Faculty. 1882 J. Russell New Educ. Code 23 Temporary monitors employed in place of the teachers causing the vacancies are recognised as part of the school staff. 1913 J. London Valley of Moon 203 He and she had been monitors together of the composition books for one term. 1972 J. Metcalf Going down Slow iii. 35 Only the monitor was in the library. 1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar Barbarians at Gate v. 130 ‘Hank’ Kravis was a popular student: vice president of the student council, scrappy captain of the wrestling team, dorm monitor. †9. gen. A person who gives advice or warning as to conduct. Occasionally: a person who advises another to perform a particular action, an instigator. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates prickera1382 stirrerc1384 enticerc1386 exciter1387 risera1398 solicitor1412 erterc1440 prompter1440 stirrer?1533 motionerc1535 author1546 onsetter1549 stinger1552 setter-on1560 incentor1570 incensora1575 mover1578 whetter1579 out-hounder1596 hounder1597 egger on1598 inciter1598 instigator1598 urger1598 motive1600 fomenter1607 inflamer1609 fetcher in?1611 provokera1616 putter-ona1616 monitor1616 spurrer1632 outputter1639 poddera1640 commoter1646 impulsor1653 shaker and mover1874 agent provocateur1888 impeller1889 sooler1935 spark plug1941 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > admonisher monishera1382 admonitor1547 admonisher1549 monitioner1556 admonitioner1593 monitrix1611 monitor1616 monitress1748 admonitrix1850 1616 F. Bacon Advice to G. Villiers in Cabala (1663) 42 In this [sc. religion] you need not be a Monitor to the King; the chiefest of his imperiall titles, is, to be The Defender of the Faith. a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 66 When a man is author and monitor to another to commit an vnlawfull act. 1630 R. Brathwait Eng. Gentleman 208 Though reason like a discreet Monitor advise them to moderate their passions. 1630 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. §xc O God, thou art still equally mercifull... Let the sound of thy faithfull monitors smite my eares. 1692 J. Dryden Cleomenes i. i. 7 Panth. You promis'd Patience, Sir. Cleom. Thou art a Scurvy Monitor, I am Patient. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 155. ⁋5 The officious monitor is persecuted with hatred..because he assumes that superiority which we are not willing to grant him. 1771 E. Burke Corr. (1844) I. 278 Strict and faithful monitors, that keep watch on every action of my life. 1782 Ld. Macartney Let. 1 Oct. in Private Corr. (1950) 64 It is perhaps the most fortunate circumstance of a man's life to have a sincere monitor. When I receive your letters I examine myself and my past actions narrowly. 1830 A. Cunningham Lives Brit. Painters (ed. 2) II. 231 ‘George’, said his monitor, ‘you must have reasons for keeping such company.’ 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. i. 7 ‘You boast of its being over. You see it is not over’, says Clive's monitor and companion. 1868 L. M. Alcott Little Women I. iv. 64 Meg was Amy's confidant and monitor. 10. Any of various large to very large tropical Old World lizards constituting the genus Varanus and the family Varanidae, having a long neck, narrow head, short body, and forked tongue; a varanid. Also called goanna in Australia.Nile, sand, water monitor: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Varanidae or genus Varanus > member of (monitor) guana1697 worrala1701 monitory lizard1790 monitor1802 goanna1831 safeguard1831 sauvegarde1840 varanian1841 varan1843 water lizard1865 monitor lizard1869 varanid1896 varanus1934 1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. i. 214 The Monitor, or Monitory Lizard, is one of the most beautiful of the whole tribe. 1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) I. 73 Africa possesses the Monitors. 1884 American 8 218 Large monitors and many smaller lizards abound. 1900 Westm. Gaz. 19 Apr. 1/3 Among the latest arrivals at the Zoo is a Bengal monitor. 1965 R. McKie Company of Animals i. 3 Not twenty paces away was a six-foot Malayan lizard, a monitor, grey against the shingle. 1986 R. Bakker Dinosaur Heresies (1988) iii. 63 In the Australian outback the traveling lizard watcher can catch a glimpse of the seven-foot Perentie monitor. 11. a. A person who oversees or observes; one who observes or comments on a process or activity, esp. in an official capacity to ensure that correct procedure is followed. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > superintendent > supervisor or overseer overseera1382 warden1398 surveyorc1440 supervisorc1454 seer1498 supravisor1573 superviser1616 curator1632 curate1648 overvisor1653 surviewer1783 major-domo1835 boss boy1906 monitor1922 incharge1956 1922 F. D. Lugard Dual Mandate Brit. Trop. Afr. xi. 227 ‘Tell us what you want done,’ they say to their foreign monitors, ‘and we will take care that your wishes are carried out, but do not attempt to see to their execution yourself.’ 1990 Nation (N.Y.) 5 Nov. 528/1 Rights monitors in Kuwait also report that since 1963 ‘all applications for new newspapers have been denied’. 2000 Daily Tel. 3 May 25/3 If this election were being held in a Third World country with international monitors, the mis-instruction on the ballot paper would probably..invalidate the whole election. b. A person employed to listen to and report on (esp. foreign or enemy) radio broadcasts. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [noun] > reporting on (foreign) broadcasts > one who monitor1939 1939 Times 2 Nov. 5/3 The material, after it is taken down and translated by the monitors, is summarized by an editorial staff. 1945 Times 26 May 2/4 In another room monitors were listening to Morse signals. 1974 Daily Tel. 16 July 1/2 Radio monitors heard what purported to be a 20-second reading by the Archbishop. 12. A person who uses monitoring equipment to check levels, standards, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > keeping watch > [noun] > observing, supervising, or keeping under review > one who uses equipment for monitor1928 1928 Paramount Studio News 20 Sept. in F. J. Wilstach Motion Picture Slang Monitor, the engineer on the set where the talking picture is filmed. He is in constant telephonic communication with the mixing panel, recording room and amplifying room. 1930 W. B. Pitkin & W. M. Marston Art of Sound Pictures x. 226 In the monitor room sits a sound monitor, who mixes the currents from different microphones in such a way that the best possible sound effects are produced. 1973 Gloss. Terms Nucl. Sci. & Technol. (B.S.I.) 34 Monitor,..2. A person who uses a monitor. Compounds monitor booth n. a booth in a recording studio, etc., where sound quality and levels are monitored. ΚΠ 1929 F. Green Film finds its Tongue xvii. 232 The ‘mixer’..has come down out of the monitor booth. 1949 J. G. Frayne & H. Wolfe Elem. Sound Recording xi. 196 Music is monitored and mixed in a ‘monitor booth’, which is acoustically insulated from the recording stage. monitor lizard n. [compare earlier monitory lizard n. at monitory n. and adj. Compounds] = sense 10. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Varanidae or genus Varanus > member of (monitor) guana1697 worrala1701 monitory lizard1790 monitor1802 goanna1831 safeguard1831 sauvegarde1840 varanian1841 varan1843 water lizard1865 monitor lizard1869 varanid1896 varanus1934 1869 P. Gillmore tr. G. L. Figuier Reptiles & Birds (1870) 13 In the Crocodiles and Monitor Lizards..a mutilated part is not renewed. 1908 E. J. Banfield Confessions of Beachcomber i. iii. 99 There is..no iguana (rather, monitor lizard), though a fair variety of other reptiles. 1999 P. Jooste Frieda & Min 268 The only movement is a monitor lizard sliding rock to rock. monitor man n. now rare a man responsible for monitoring sound levels during film recording. ΚΠ 1929 Photoplay Apr. 31/2 Monitor man, the person who operates the volume control on talking picture production, modulating sounds as they come through the microphone so as to get a more even and natural tone. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 478/2 Knob-twister, a casual reference to monitor man or recordist in motion-picture production. monitor room n. = monitor booth n. ΚΠ 1929 F. Green Film finds its Tongue xiii. 186 A ‘mixing booth’ or monitor room had been built about 15 feet up... It had glass sides through which the ‘mixer’ could view everything that was going on. 1974 Nature 13 Dec. 535/2 The present upsurge of interest in surround-sound was in some measure triggered by engineers and producers playing back such four-track material directly into four amplifiers and loudspeakers distributed approximately in a square near to the corners of the monitor room. monitor screen n. = sense 7d. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > television set > screen telescreen1932 video screen1939 monitor screen1944 split screen1953 microscreen1979 1944 R. E. Lee Television 155 The video engineer clamps down one of the ‘pots’ on his control panel, draining the light from the monitor screen. 1958 M. Dickens Man Overboard x. 155 He caught sight of himself on the small monitor screen at one side of the cameras. 1983 A. Gray Unlikely Stories, Mostly (1984) 65 Freeze frame, then the camera zooms further back to show the image of George multiplied on the monitor screens of a television gallery. monitor speaker n. = sense 7a. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker loudspeaker1884 speaker1926 condenser loudspeaker1929 monitor1931 tweeter1934 woofer1935 squawk box1945 ionophone1952 monitor speaker1954 mid-range1955 squawker1959 subwoofer1975 1954 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 19 778/2 The output of the pre-amplifier connects to a monitor speaker in the observation room. 1991 Electronic Musician Nov. 71/2 This pattern diminishes the potential for feedback in live situations, since monitor speakers can be placed outside the microphone's field of sensitivity. monitor-tube n. rare = sense 7d. ΚΠ 1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production i. 16 Above each camera's control unit is a monitor-tube on which its picture is displayed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). monitorv. Brit. /ˈmɒnᵻtə/, U.S. /ˈmɑnədər/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: monitor n. Etymology: < monitor n. †1. transitive. To guide as a monitor. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1818 J. Keats Endymion iv. 202 In that same void white Chastity shall sit, And monitor me nightly to lone slumber. 2. a. transitive. To check or regulate the technical quality of (a sound recording, radio transmission, television signal, etc.) without causing any interruption or disturbance. ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > putting on or producing broadcast > put on or produce broadcast [verb (transitive)] > check or regulate quality monitor1924 prefade1962 1924 [implied in: Proc. IRE 12 561 A third requirement relates to monitoring facilities. (at monitoring n.)]. 1929 G. Allighan Romance of Talkies 64 During the recording, the mixer operator monitors the record through the light valves, thereby assuring himself that no record is lost. 1958 Times Rev. Industry Aug. 9/3 The output from the analyser can be monitored with headphones. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 258 The signal is monitored by the limiter and any wave which exceeds a certain volume causes a corresponding increase in feedback, which reduces the signal. 1982 Giant Bk. Electronics Projects iii. 127 Simply connect the input to the line to be monitored. b. transitive. To listen to and report on (radio broadcasts, esp. from a foreign country). Also: to eavesdrop on (a telephone conversation). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > listen to > listen to broadcasts monitor1939 society > communication > broadcasting > radio broadcasting > [verb (transitive)] > monitor monitor1939 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > listen to > eavesdrop > on telephone to tap an electric wire1869 milk1878 monitor1939 1939 Times 2 Nov. 5/3 About 150 news bulletins alone, in many different languages, are monitored each day. 1948 Amer. Speech 23 219 From secret radios, constructed and hidden by British prisoners, the B.B.C.'s broadcasts were monitored. 1955 F. Swinnerton Sumner Intrigue xi. 85 A telephonist had illegitimately monitored a conversation. 1971 R. Dentry Encounter at Kharmel v. 92 If I were running Ziauddin's operation, I'd be monitoring every newscast in Asia. 1990 Meridian (Midland Group) Spring 60 The police watched Colonel Christie's house, monitored his phone calls and followed him to his office. c. transitive. gen. To observe, supervise, or keep under review; to keep under observation; to measure or test at intervals, esp. for the purpose of regulation or control. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > keeping watch > keep watch on [verb (transitive)] > observe, supervise, or keep under review monitor1944 1944 Times 20 Mar. 5/7 American and British control officers work at the same desks throughout the 24 hours, ‘monitoring’ the aircraft as they travel across the 3,000 miles of ocean. 1947 C. Goodman Sci. & Engin. Nucl. Power I. 255 We must monitor the cooling water to be sure that it contains no dangerous activities. 1959 Daily Tel. 14 Apr. 1/6 The committee was set up in November, 1956, to initiate and monitor a programme of research design. 1966 Lancet 24 Dec. 1387/1 Pulse-rate and blood-pressure were closely monitored. 1979 H. Kissinger White House Years xxi. 905 It called for a cease-fire and stand-still to be monitored by UN representatives. 1989 What Investm. Jan. 83/3 Investment managers are trained to monitor the market and buy when the price is right. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1515v.1818
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monitorn.

Compounds

monitorv.