Babin.adj.

Brit.

/ˈbɑːbi/, U.S.

/ˈbɑbi/

Forms: 1800s Babee, 1800s– Babi.

Origin: A borrowing from Persian. Etymon: Persian Bābī.

Etymology: < Persian Bābī < Bāb , the title of Sayyid Ali Muhammad of Shiraz (?1819–50), the founder of the movement ( < bāb , literally ‘gate’: see note) + -ī -i suffix². Compare French Babi , noun (1855). Compare Babism n.²Persian bāb and its etymon Arabic bāb (both literally ‘gate’) are used to denote a channel of communication with the Hidden Imam, whose return (as the Mahdi: see Mahdi n.) is awaited by the Twelver Shiites.

Now chiefly historical.

A. n.

A member of a religious movement founded in Persia (modern Iran) in 1844 by Sayyid Ali Muhammad of Shiraz (‘the Bab’), which emphasizes the coming of a new prophet or messenger of God, and from which Baha'ism developed. Cf. Baha'i n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Babism > [noun] > person

Babi1850

Babist1866

Babite1882

Baha'i1889

Bahaite1914

Bahaist1924

1850 Preston Guardian 20 July 7/3 Eighteen of these Babees..have been publicly beheaded by order of the Shah.

1889 E. G. Browne in Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. 21 518 At the present day nearly all the Bábís are Behá'ís.

1921 S. Cave Introd. Study Living Relig. of East v. iv. 234 An attempt of some Bābīs on the life of the Shāh led to the execution of many of the sect, who endured terrible cruelties with great fortitude.

1965 Ebony Apr. 49/1 Frightened by the brush-fire growth of the Bábis (followers of the Báb), civil and religious authorities initiated a reign of terror, martyring thousands including the Báb.

2008 O. Scharbrodt Islam & Baha'i Faith ii. 54 As a Babi, he [sc. 'Abdul-Baha] belonged to a charismatic movement which challenged the Shii establishment in Iran.

B. adj. (attributive).

Of or relating to the Babis or their doctrine.

ΚΠ

1852 Times 23 Oct. 8/2 Babi doctrines took root and spread apace.

1893 E. G. Browne Year amongst Persians v. 101 For most of the more recent Babi persecutions the Shah was not directly responsible.

1915 Princeton Theol. Rev. 13 636 Babi books, including the Bayan, were prohibited.

1949 H. A. R. Gibb Mohammedanism x. 186 The Babi sect broke in two after his death. The majority followed his disciple Bahā'ullāh.., who developed the original doctrine into a universal religion of pacifism and humanitarianism.

2001 E. L. Daniel Hist. Iran v. 107 There was a strong anticlerical element in Babi teachings as well as an interest in radical social change and reforms.

Derivatives

ˈBabite n. now rare = sense A.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Babism > [noun] > person

Babi1850

Babist1866

Babite1882

Baha'i1889

Bahaite1914

Bahaist1924

1882 W. S. Blunt Future of Islam i. 38 There seems to be a general conviction in Persia that a reform of Islam is at hand... The history of the Babites..is a case in point.

1911 J. G. Frazer Golden Bough: Magic Art (ed. 3) I. vii. 402 The head of the great Persian sect of the Babites..is held by Frenchmen, Russians, and Americans, especially by rich American ladies, to be an incarnation of God himself.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	babi
释义	Babin.adj. Brit. /ˈbɑːbi/, U.S. /ˈbɑbi/ Forms: 1800s Babee, 1800s– Babi. Origin: A borrowing from Persian. Etymon: Persian Bābī. Etymology: < Persian Bābī < Bāb , the title of Sayyid Ali Muhammad of Shiraz (?1819–50), the founder of the movement ( < bāb , literally ‘gate’: see note) + -ī -i suffix². Compare French Babi , noun (1855). Compare Babism n.²Persian bāb and its etymon Arabic bāb (both literally ‘gate’) are used to denote a channel of communication with the Hidden Imam, whose return (as the Mahdi: see Mahdi n.) is awaited by the Twelver Shiites. Now chiefly historical. A. n. A member of a religious movement founded in Persia (modern Iran) in 1844 by Sayyid Ali Muhammad of Shiraz (‘the Bab’), which emphasizes the coming of a new prophet or messenger of God, and from which Baha'ism developed. Cf. Baha'i n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Babism > [noun] > person Babi1850 Babist1866 Babite1882 Baha'i1889 Bahaite1914 Bahaist1924 1850 Preston Guardian 20 July 7/3 Eighteen of these Babees..have been publicly beheaded by order of the Shah. 1889 E. G. Browne in Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. 21 518 At the present day nearly all the Bábís are Behá'ís. 1921 S. Cave Introd. Study Living Relig. of East v. iv. 234 An attempt of some Bābīs on the life of the Shāh led to the execution of many of the sect, who endured terrible cruelties with great fortitude. 1965 Ebony Apr. 49/1 Frightened by the brush-fire growth of the Bábis (followers of the Báb), civil and religious authorities initiated a reign of terror, martyring thousands including the Báb. 2008 O. Scharbrodt Islam & Baha'i Faith ii. 54 As a Babi, he [sc. 'Abdul-Baha] belonged to a charismatic movement which challenged the Shii establishment in Iran. B. adj. (attributive). Of or relating to the Babis or their doctrine. ΚΠ 1852 Times 23 Oct. 8/2 Babi doctrines took root and spread apace. 1893 E. G. Browne Year amongst Persians v. 101 For most of the more recent Babi persecutions the Shah was not directly responsible. 1915 Princeton Theol. Rev. 13 636 Babi books, including the Bayan, were prohibited. 1949 H. A. R. Gibb Mohammedanism x. 186 The Babi sect broke in two after his death. The majority followed his disciple Bahā'ullāh.., who developed the original doctrine into a universal religion of pacifism and humanitarianism. 2001 E. L. Daniel Hist. Iran v. 107 There was a strong anticlerical element in Babi teachings as well as an interest in radical social change and reforms. Derivatives ˈBabite n. now rare = sense A. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Babism > [noun] > person Babi1850 Babist1866 Babite1882 Baha'i1889 Bahaite1914 Bahaist1924 1882 W. S. Blunt Future of Islam i. 38 There seems to be a general conviction in Persia that a reform of Islam is at hand... The history of the Babites..is a case in point. 1911 J. G. Frazer Golden Bough: Magic Art (ed. 3) I. vii. 402 The head of the great Persian sect of the Babites..is held by Frenchmen, Russians, and Americans, especially by rich American ladies, to be an incarnation of God himself. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1850
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