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单词 baboon
释义

baboonn.

Brit. /bəˈbuːn/, U.S. /bæˈbun/
Forms:

α. Middle English babewen, Middle English babewin, Middle English babewyne, Middle English babiwyn, Middle English babwen, Middle English babwyn, Middle English baubyn, Middle English (1900s– historical) babewyn, Middle English–1500s baboyn, Middle English–1500s baboyne, late Middle English bakevynys (plural, transmission error), late Middle English bakewyn (transmission error), late Middle English balewyn (transmission error), late Middle English rabewyn (transmission error), 1500s babwyne, 1600s baboin.

β. 1500s babound, 1500s–1600s babon, 1500s–1600s baboone, 1500s–1600s baboun, 1500s–1600s baboune, 1500s–1600s babuine, 1500s– baboon, 1600s babone, 1600s babonne, 1600s babown, 1600s babowne.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French babewene, babouyn.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman babewene, babeweine, babiwene, baboen, baboin, babwyn, babwine and Middle French babouyn, baboyn, babuin (French babouin ) foolish or stupid person (a1225 in Old French), representation of a grotesque figure or monster, esp. in architecture (13th cent.), monkey characterized by prominent lips (mid 13th cent.) < an imitative base *bab- (see note below) which is in turn < the (reduplicated) syllable /ba/, characteristic of early infantile vocalization (and expressive of the movement of the lips in speech), whence also babble v.1, babe n., baby n., etc. The β. forms show remodelling of the ending after -oon suffix, the form babound additionally shows an excrescent -d . The French noun was also borrowed into other European languages; compare post-classical Latin babewynus (from 1295 in British and continental sources; also in forms babouinus , baboynus , babuynus ; > post-classical Latin babuinare to paint marginal figures in manuscripts (13th cent.)), Italian babbuino (end of the 13th cent. as †babuino in sense ‘ugly person’, a1367 denoting the monkey); also Middle Dutch baubijn , bobijn , babuin (second half of the 15th cent.), and (with alteration after Dutch nouns ending in -aan , e.g. roffiaen , roffiaan ruffian n.) Dutch baviaan (1573 as †baviaen ; also 1616 as †babiaen ), and also (all ultimately via Dutch) Middle Low German baviān , German Pavian (although this is apparently first attested earlier than its closest Dutch formal parallels: 1476 as †bavian ), (perhaps via German) Swedish babian (1667; also 1682 as †bavian ), all of which denote any of several ground-dwelling monkeys with a short tail, also (figurative) a foolish, stupid, or contemptuous person. Compare later babion n.The imitative base *bab- is also found in other formations in French, e.g. Old French, Middle French, French babiller (see babble v.1, and compare forms from other languages cited at that entry), Middle French, French babine thick lip of a cow, dog, or monkey (c1460), Middle French baboe , baboue grimace (see below; also babau , baboy , baboye , babouye ; French (now regional: Walloon) baboue ); compare also Catalan babau naive, gullible person (14th cent.). Although post-classical Latin papio (see papion n.) has also been compared, and now serves (in scientific Latin) as the genus name of the monkey, it is unclear whether it is etymologically related. With sense 1 compare post-classical Latin babon- , babo , in same sense (1404 in a British source):c1404 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 317 Ciphus deauratus..ad externum per totum de aquilis, leonibus, coronis, et aliis babonibus. It is uncertain whether the following earlier quot. shows the Middle English, the post-classical Latin, or the Anglo-Norman word (in sense 1):1330 Inventory in Archaeologia (1792) 10 247 Salare arg' aymell' per totum de diversis babewynis & oiselettis. The following quot. apparently shows a vernacular word (with variant spellings in different witnesses) occurring in a Latin context, apparently in the sense ‘gargoyle’; if Middle English, this may show a borrowing < Middle French baboe, baboue ‘grimace’ (c1420; earlier in uncertain sense in ordre de la baboe, the name of an order of heavy drinkers (late 14th cent.); < the same base as babouin):a1450 in Ess. & Stud. in Honor of C. Brown (1940) 150 Sicut vbi pictores formant aliquas ymagines qui dicuntur Babeweis [v.rr. babways, babaues] in parietibus; aliquos enim illorum formant cum facie hominis et cum corpore leonis [etc.].
1. A representation of a grotesque figure or monster, esp. in architecture, or as a manuscript decoration. Cf. baboonery n. 1. historical after Middle English.The form babewyn is usually retained in historical contexts in this sense, to avoid confusion with sense 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > gargoyles or grotesques
gargoyle13..
baboonc1400
antic1532
marmoset1687
mask1731
antefix1819
figurehead1874
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1409 Lyfte logges þerover and on lofte corven, Pared out of paper and poynted of golde, Broþe baboynes abof, besttes anunder.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 654 Þe korve knottes by crafte of masounry, Þe fresche enbowyng, with vergis riȝt as linys, And þe vowsyng [a1475 Arun. housing] ful of babewynes [MS bakewynes; a1475 Digby 230 bake vynys].
1949 J. G. Evans Eng. Art 1307–1461 iii. 47 The western wall had a series of pinnacled canopies surmounted by a frieze of shields interspersed with babewyns.
1998 M. Camille Mirror in Parchment i. 77 Two knights stand adjacent to the framed text on the page as part of the strict order of rule, while the monstrous babewyns are relegated to the outer edges.
2. Originally: any monkey, esp. one with a short tail (obsolete). Later: spec. any of several large ground-dwelling monkeys constituting the African genus Papio (family Cercopithecidae), characterized by a long doglike snout and large canine teeth, and typically occurring in large social troops on the savannah. Also: any of three related African monkeys that are now placed in other genera, the drill and the mandrill (genus Mandrillus) and the gelada (genus Theropithecus). Frequently with distinguishing word.Most authorities recognize five species of true baboon (genus Papio), but they are sometimes regarded as races of just one or two species.dog-faced, hamadryas, olive, rib-nosed baboon, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > family Cercopithecidae > genus Papio (baboon)
baboon?a1425
mancowea1500
babiona1529
hog-ape1608
bavian1678
hog-monkey1746
hog-faced ape1793
babuina1882
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 137 Apes, Marmozettes Babewynes & many oþer dyuerse bestes.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 92 I wende hit had be a mermoyse, a baubyn or a mercatte.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 196/1 Babwyne beest, baboyn.
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist v. i. sig. L2 For Babouns, or Puppets. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 37 Coole it with a Baboones blood. View more context for this quotation
1667 G. Warren Impart. Descr. Surinam 11 The inhabitants of the trees are Baboons, Quottoes, Monkeys [etc.].
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. lviii. 240 A noise like that of a baboon when he mows and chatters.
1771 T. Pennant Synopsis Quadrupeds 122 Preacher. Guariba... Howling Baboon.
1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom V. 16 Silenus (the Ouanderou)... Lion-tailed baboon... Nil-bundar of Hindus.
1834 Penny Cycl. II. 144 We say that an ape is a monkey without a tail, and a baboon a monkey with a short tail, reserving the term monkey more particularly for those species which have very long tails; and though our early writers use these three words indiscriminately..yet the significations here given have generally prevailed since the time of Ray, and are now exclusively adopted.
1878 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1 A Family of Gelada Baboons.
1910 J. Buchan Prester John iv. 73 I thought it was an aasvogel, but another thought it was a baboon.
1936 ‘P. Quentin’ Puzzle for Fools xx. 181 I get no kick out of the sex-life of the white-tailed baboon.
2007 D. S. Wilson Evol. for Everyone xxi. 163 A low-ranking male named Jomeo pirated a baby bush pig that had been captured by baboons.
3. derogatory. A foolish, stupid, or contemptible person; (also) a person considered to resemble a baboon in appearance. Frequently as a term of abuse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused
warlockOE
swinec1175
beastc1225
wolf's-fista1300
avetrolc1300
congeonc1300
dirtc1300
slimec1315
snipec1325
lurdanc1330
misbegetc1330
sorrowa1350
shrew1362
jordan1377
wirlingc1390
frog?a1400
warianglea1400
wretcha1400
horcop14..
turdc1400
callet1415
lotterela1450
paddock?a1475
souter1478
chuff?a1500
langbain?c1500
cockatrice1508
sow1508
spink1508
wilrone1508
rook?a1513
streaker?a1513
dirt-dauber?1518
marmoset1523
babiona1529
poll-hatcheta1529
bear-wolf1542
misbegotten1546
pig1546
excrement1561
mamzer1562
chuff-cat1563
varlet1566
toada1568
mandrake1568
spider1568
rat1571
bull-beef1573
mole-catcher1573
suppository1573
curtal1578
spider-catcher1579
mongrela1585
roita1585
stickdirta1585
dogfish1589
Poor John1589
dog's facec1590
tar-boxa1592
baboon1592
pot-hunter1592
venom1592
porcupine1594
lick-fingers1595
mouldychaps1595
tripe1595
conundrum1596
fat-guts1598
thornback1599
land-rat1600
midriff1600
stinkardc1600
Tartar1600
tumbril1601
lobster1602
pilcher1602
windfucker?1602
stinker1607
hog rubber1611
shad1612
splay-foot1612
tim1612
whit1612
verdugo1616
renegado1622
fish-facea1625
flea-trapa1625
hound's head1633
mulligrub1633
nightmare1633
toad's-guts1634
bitch-baby1638
shagamuffin1642
shit-breech1648
shitabed1653
snite1653
pissabed1672
bastard1675
swab1687
tar-barrel1695
runt1699
fat-face1740
shit-sack1769
vagabond1842
shick-shack1847
soor1848
b1851
stink-pot1854
molie1871
pig-dog1871
schweinhund1871
wind-sucker1880
fucker1893
cocksucker1894
wart1896
so-and-so1897
swine-hound1899
motherfucker1918
S.O.B.1918
twat1922
mong1926
mucker1929
basket1936
cowson1936
zombie1936
meatball1937
shower1943
chickenshit1945
mugger1945
motherferyer1946
hooer1952
morpion1954
mother1955
mother-raper1959
louser1960
effer1961
salaud1962
gunk1964
scunge1967
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > contemptible person
wormc825
wretchOE
thingOE
hinderlingc1175
harlot?c1225
mixa1300
villain1303
whelpc1330
wonnera1340
bismera1400
vilec1400
beasta1425
creaturec1450
dog bolt1465
fouling?a1475
drivel1478
shit1508
marmoset1523
mammeta1529
pilgarlica1529
pode1528
slave1537
slim1548
skit-brains?1553
grasshopper1556
scavenger1563
old boss1566
rag1566
shrub1566
ketterela1572
shake-rag1571
skybala1572
mumpsimus1573
smatchetc1582
squib1586
scabship1589
vassal1589
baboon1592
Gibraltar1593
polecat1593
mushroom1594
nodc1595
cittern-head1598
nit1598
stockfish1598
cum-twang1599
dish-wash1599
pettitoe1599
mustard-token1600
viliaco1600
cargo1602
stump1602
snotty-nose1604
sprat1605
wormling1605
brock1607
dogfly?1611
shag-rag1611
shack-rag1612
thrum1612
rabbita1616
fitchock1616
unworthy1616
baseling1618
shag1620
glow-worm1624
snip1633
the son of a worm1633
grousea1637
shab1637
wormship1648
muckworm1649
whiffler1659
prig1679
rotten egg1686
prigster1688
begged fool1693
hang-dog1693
bugger1694
reptile1697
squinny1716
snool1718
ramscallion1734
footer1748
jackass1756
hallion1789
skite1790
rattlesnake1791
snot1809
mudworm1814
skunk1816
stirrah1816
spalpeen1817
nyaff1825
skin1825
weed1825
tiger1827
beggar1834
despicability1837
squirt1844
prawn1845
shake1846
white mouse1846
scurf1851
sweep1853
cockroach1856
bummer1857
medlar1859
cunt1860
shuck1862
missing link1863
schweinhund1871
creepa1876
bum1882
trashbag1886
tinhorn1887
snot-rag1888
rodent1889
whelpling1889
pie eatera1891
mess1891
schmuck1892
fucker1893
cheapskate1894
cocksucker1894
gutter-bird1896
perisher1896
skate1896
schmendrick1897
nyamps1900
ullage1901
fink1903
onion1904
punk1904
shitepoke1905
tinhorn sport1906
streeler1907
zob1911
stink1916
motherfucker1918
Oscar1918
shitass1918
shit-face1923
tripe-hound1923
gimp1924
garbage can1925
twerp1925
jughead1926
mong1926
fuck?1927
arsehole1928
dirty dog1928
gazook1928
muzzler1928
roach1929
shite1929
mook1930
lug1931
slug1931
woodchuck1931
crud1932
dip1932
bohunkus1933
lint-head1933
Nimrod1933
warb1933
fuck-piga1935
owl-hoot1934
pissant1935
poot1935
shmegegge1937
motheree1938
motorcycle1938
squiff1939
pendejo1940
snotnose1941
jerkface1942
slag1943
yuck1943
fuckface?1945
fuckhead?1945
shit-head1945
shite-hawk1948
schlub1950
asswipe1953
mother1955
weenie1956
hard-on1958
rass hole1959
schmucko1959
bitch ass1961
effer1961
lamer1961
arsewipe1962
asshole1962
butthole1962
cock1962
dipshit1963
motherfuck1964
dork1965
bumhole1967
mofo1967
tosspot1967
crudball1968
dipstick1968
douche1968
frickface1968
schlong1968
fuckwit1969
rassclaat1969
ass1970
wank1970
fecker1971
wanker1971
butt-fucker1972
slimeball1972
bloodclaat1973
fuckwad1974
mutha1974
suck1974
cocksuck1977
tosser1977
plank1981
sleazebag1981
spastic1981
dweeb1982
bumboclaat1983
dickwad1983
scuzzbag1983
sleazeball1983
butt-face1984
dickweed1984
saddie1985
butt plug1986
jerkweed1988
dick-sucker1989
microcephalic1989
wankstain1990
sadster1992
buttmunch1993
fanny1995
jackhole1996
fassyhole1997
fannybaws2000
fassy2002
1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F2 v Is it anie discredit for me, thou great Baboune,..to bee censured by thee.
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer i. 977 Such Apes, and such Baboones, As Parasites, and impudent Buffoones.
1678 W. Wycherley Plain-dealer (ed. 2) ii. i. 25 No chattering, Baboons, instantly be gone.
1695 New Ballad Robin Hood (single sheet) He then began to storm, crys Fool, Fanatick, Baboon!
a1713 A. Pitcairne Assembly (1722) ii. i. 26 Must I give you Money ye Caterwouling obstreperous Villains, Baboons, to People who cannot play, go all of you.
1788 R. Galloway Poems 23 Many a braw baboon we see..Until their noddle turn them ree.
1805 W. Godwin Fleetwood II. xii. 157 This repulsive baboon however, soon conceived the plan of robbing his benefactor of his only child.
1859 M. J. Holmes Dora Deane viii. 61 A perfect bore—a baboon, with more hair than brains.
1903 S. Crane & R. Barr O'Ruddy ii. 24 ‘Paddy, you baboon,’ said I, ‘be quiet and don't be making yourself a laughing-stock for the whole of them.’
1962 V. Nabokov Pale Fire 55 Morning finds us marching to the wall Under the direction of some goon Political, some uniformed baboon.
2002 M. T. Sullivan Labyrinth 98 ‘You're going to be..on the world's most widely watched news show.’ Cricket shrugged. ‘I'll probably make a total baboon of myself.’

Compounds

baboon bird n.
Brit. /bəˈbuːn bəːd/
,
U.S. /bæˈbun ˌbərd/
,
West African English /baˈbun ˌbɛd/
rare a bird that is thought to resemble a baboon or other monkey in some way; spec. (a) the crimson fruitcrow, Haematoderus militaris (family Cotingidae), of South America (obsolete); (b) the red-billed helmet-shrike, Prionops caniceps (family Prionopidae), of West Africa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > unspecified and miscellaneous birds > [noun] > miscellaneous
night-raveneOE
cold-finch1676
crane1678
diver1694
solitary1708
wheat-bird1747
yellow-bill1775
Chinese thrush1781
whidah thrush1781
tomtit1789
solitaire1797
year-bird1798
softbill1830
swift-shrike1841
scissor bird1843
seed finch1862
sea-flyer1869
stalker1872
seven sisters1873
dicky bird1879
baboon bird1883
1883 E. F. Im Thurn Among Indians of Guiana 116 The bird (Threnœdus Militaris) called in the colony baboon-bird from the resemblance of its deep note to the ‘baboon’ or red howling monkey.
1900 Proc. U.S. National Mus. 1899–1900 22 37 Sigmodus Caniceps... Known to English-speaking Liberians as ‘Baboon bird’.
baboon spider n. any of various large, hairy mygalomorph spiders constituting the African subfamily Harpactirinae (family Theraphosidae), which are said to have hair (or feet) resembling that of baboons.
ΚΠ
1881 C. D. Dance Chapters from Guianese Log-bk. 93 The large thick hairy spiders are, when black, called ‘cuata’, and the red kinds ‘baboon spiders’.
1963 S. H. Skaife Naturalist Remembers 76 A large black baboon spider,..a big hairy brute with fangs nearly a quarter of an inch long and a spread of legs that would almost cover the palm of the hand.
2008 tr. B. C. Tørrissen One for Road 219 I've learned that the baboon spider can bite through shoes and inflict paralysis upon people.

Derivatives

baˈboon-like adj.
ΚΠ
1689 E. Hickeringill Ceremony-monger Concl. 67 It is a very honest Confession; but is this Man-like, or Baboon-like?
1869 A. R. Wallace Malay Archipel. I. xviii. 432 Cynopithecus nigrescens, a curious baboon-like monkey.
2003 Human Biol. 75 492 Estimates of australopithecine sexual dimorphism range from gorilla- and orang-like values to baboon-like values.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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