modernismn.

Brit.

/ˈmɒdn̩ɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈmɒdənɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈmɑdərnˌɪz(ə)m/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: modern adj., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < modern adj. + -ism suffix. Compare French modernisme (1879 in sense 4, 1908 in sense 3), Italian modernismo (1883 in sense 4, 1904 in sense 3), Spanish modernismo (1744 in sense ‘modernity’, 1911 in sense 3; compare Modernismo n.), Catalan modernisme (compare Modernisme n.), Portuguese modernismo (1873 in general sense); also Danish modernisme (1853 or earlier), Swedish modernism (end of the 19th cent. with reference to culture), German Modernismus (1908 or earlier in sense 3; compare modernismus n.). Compare also earlier modernist n. and adj., and earlier modernity n., modernness n.

1. A usage, mode of expression, peculiarity of style, etc., characteristic of modern times. Later more generally: an innovative or distinctively modern feature. Frequently in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [noun] > modernity > something that is modern

modern1735

modernism1737

modernity1753

contemporary1962

1737 J. Swift Let. to Pope 23 July in Lett. Dr. Swift (1741) 252 The corruption of English by those Scribblers who send us over their trash in Prose and Verse, with abominable curtailings and quaint modernisms.

1796 Lady's Mag. Apr. 149/2 The ‘modernisms’, if so they may be termed, are innumerable. The word ‘crisis’ occurs more than once,—a word, we will boldly affirm, never used by Shakespeare.

a1864 N. Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) II. 77 Such modernisms as astral lamps.

1869 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast (rev. ed.) 440 It [sc. the Mission Dolores] has a strangely solitary aspect, enhanced by its surroundings of the most uncongenial, rapidly growing modernisms.

1873 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 2) viii. 449 The last of these [sc. ‘its’] is a comparative modernism in the language.

1896 Catholic World Mar. 801 To-day, notwithstanding the encroaching march of modernisms of the dying nineteenth century, the fir and spruce are as green..as in the days of the good Abbé Sigogne.

1937 Amer. Home Apr. 127/2 Our present scheme, so wholly lacking in the startling modernisms of up-to-date decorating, seemed..to make our future plans sound like a painter's nightmare.

1965 Listener 18 Nov. 803/1 Such typical modernisms as snog, nosh, [etc.].

1985 D. Lowenthal Past is Foreign Country (1988) v. 251 Deliberate modernisms of dress and gesture [in Pre-Raphaelite paintings] emphasize the pastness of their archaistic scenes.

2. Modern character or quality of thought, expression, technique, etc.; sympathy with or affinity for what is modern.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [noun] > modernity

modernity1635

modernness1653

modernism1772

actualité1839

up-to-dateness1891

up-to-datism1893

topicality1904

presentism1916

up-to-the-minuteness1940

1772 J.-N. de Sauseuil Anal. French Orthogr. 17 They give the Hebrew reading a character of modernism inconsistent with the real system of pronunciation which should be found in so antique and original a language as they would have it to be.

1803 R. Southey Let. 9 June in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) II. 212 In all these modern ballads there is a modernism of thought and language-turns to me very perceptible.

1806 J. Lingard Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church I. ii. 67 The modernism of its language.

1830 H. N. Coleridge Introd. Greek Poets 131 The women of the Odyssey discover occasionally a modernism and a want of..simplicity.

1861 F. Metcalfe Oxonian in Iceland (1867) iv. 57 And somehow this very modernism begets a desire for reverting now and then to old things, old people [etc.].

1887 Westm. Rev. June 348 The Roman Church and the American Republic... The one typifying mediævalism, the other illustrating with tolerable fidelity the spirit of modernism.

1923 J. H. Eckenrode Jefferson Davis (1924) ii. 24 The modernism of the North and the Nordicism of the South came more and more into conflict.

1937 O. St. J. Gogarty As I was going down Sackville St. 30 The fallacy of all this modernism and Bolshevic ‘philosophy’.

1990 N. Baker Room Temperature vi. 46 Once our tray tables had exemplified the state-of-the-art Murphy-bed modernism of a design sense energized by the war.

3. Theology. Frequently in form Modernism. A tendency or movement towards modifying traditional beliefs and doctrines in accordance with modern ideas and scholarship; spec. a movement of this kind in the Roman Catholic Church around the beginning of the 20th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > theology > systems of theology > [noun] > Rationalistic

new light1649

rationalisma1732

neologism1827

neology1830

neologianism1846

modernism1878

neo-modernism1973

1878 Princeton Rev. July–Dec. 136 No wonder..if the boldest and most honest among the leaders of modernism do not any longer shrink from the..consequences of their own principles.

1900 G. Tyrrell Let. 3 Sept. in T. M. Loome Liberal Catholicism (1979) 30 The tension between the old & the young, between those who yield nothing to Modernism & can see no good in it, and those who would yield everything & can see no evil in it, is very acute.

1907 tr. Pius X Encyclical Let. Doctrines Modernists 15 If we..seek to know how the believer, according to Modernism, is marked off from the Philosopher, it must be observed [etc.].

1915 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics VIII. 763/1 Modernism is the name given by the papal encyclical which condemned it to a complex of movements within the Roman Communion, all alike inspired by a desire to bring the tradition of Christian belief and practice into closer relation with the intellectual habits and social aspirations of our own time.

1927 H. D. A. Major Eng. Modernism 18 In the Roman Church Modernism is opposed to Mediævalism; in the English Church, Modernism, as in Holland, is opposed to Traditionalism; in America Modernism is opposed to Fundamentalism.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1294/2 Modernism has not been a significant position among southern theologians.

4. Any of various movements in art, architecture, literature, etc., generally characterized by a deliberate break with classical and traditional forms or methods of expression; the work or ideas of the adherents of such a movement.In early use usually contemptuous. Now often used spec. with reference to the early 20th cent., esp. in the visual arts.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > specific movement or period

cinquecento1762

classicality1784

romanticism1821

classicism1827

Renaissance1836

classicalism1840

Queen Anne1863

classic1864

renascence1868

classical1875

modernism1879

New Romanticism1885

Colonial Revival1887

shogun1889

super-realism1890

verism1892

neoclassicism1893

veritism1894

social realism1898

camerata1900

peasantism1903

proto-Renaissance1903

Biedermeier1905

expressionism1908

futurism1909

Georgianism1911

Dada1918

Dadaism1918

German expressionism1920

expressionismus1925

Negro Renaissance1925

super-realism1925

settecento1926

surrealism1927

Neue Sachlichkeit1929

Sachlichkeit1930

neo-Gothicism1932

socialist realism1933

modernismus1934

Harlem Renaissance1940

organicism1945

avant-gardism1950

nouvelle vague1959

bricolage1960

kitchen-sinkery1964

black art1965

neo-modernism1966

Yuan1969

conceptualism1970

sound art1972

pre-modernism1976

Afrofuturism1993

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [noun] > other styles

transition1730

pasticcio1750

symmetrophobia1809

rococo1835

flamboyantism1846

collegiate Gothic1851

vernacular architecture1857

Neo-Grec1867

modernism1879

wedding-cake1879

Queen Anne1883

Colonial Revival1889

Chicago school1893

Dutch colonial1894

English colonial1894

monumentalism1897

vernacular1910

international style1911

Churrigueresque1913

postmodernism1914

prairie style1914

rationalism1918

lavatory style1919

functionalism1924

Mudéjar1927

façadism1933

open plan1938

Wrenaissance1942

pseudo1945

brutalism1953

open planning1958

neo-Liberty1959

Queen Annery1966

Jugendstil1967

moderne1968

strip architecture1976

high-tech1978

1879 S. Colvin Art & Criticism in Appletons' Jrnl. Oct. 323/2 We shall certainly not join those who..declare that no other art is genuine..than that which devotes itself..to the literal rendering of facts without compromise or embellishment... Without joining the fanatics of realism and modernism we can at least welcome their experiments.

1908 R. A. Scott-James Modernism & Romance vii. 109 The novelist attempts to give to each note on a flute..a significance which is measured only by its effect upon character. This is ‘modernism’ with a vengeance.

1922 Musical Courier (N.Y.) 2 Feb. 7/1 As to what characteristic differentiates modernism from the music of the latest past..it depends not so much upon the chords used as upon their progression or resolution.

1929 H. R. Hitchcock Mod. Archit. xvii. 205 A city [sc. New York], whose ‘modernism’ consists in copying the poorest French models of the New Tradition.

1948 Life June 103 Emily Genauer, New York critic and no foe of modernism, lambasted the juries which chose the winners.

1961 Listener 23 Nov. 848/1 The American modernism introduced by Mr. T. S. Eliot, following Mr. Ezra Pound.

1996 LSE Mag. Winter 26/3 The late Douglas Stephen, an architect whose quiet commitment to Modernism influenced several generations of British designers and critics.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	modernism
释义	modernismn. Brit. /ˈmɒdn̩ɪz(ə)m/, /ˈmɒdənɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈmɑdərnˌɪz(ə)m/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: modern adj., -ism suffix. Etymology: < modern adj. + -ism suffix. Compare French modernisme (1879 in sense 4, 1908 in sense 3), Italian modernismo (1883 in sense 4, 1904 in sense 3), Spanish modernismo (1744 in sense ‘modernity’, 1911 in sense 3; compare Modernismo n.), Catalan modernisme (compare Modernisme n.), Portuguese modernismo (1873 in general sense); also Danish modernisme (1853 or earlier), Swedish modernism (end of the 19th cent. with reference to culture), German Modernismus (1908 or earlier in sense 3; compare modernismus n.). Compare also earlier modernist n. and adj., and earlier modernity n., modernness n. 1. A usage, mode of expression, peculiarity of style, etc., characteristic of modern times. Later more generally: an innovative or distinctively modern feature. Frequently in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [noun] > modernity > something that is modern modern1735 modernism1737 modernity1753 contemporary1962 1737 J. Swift Let. to Pope 23 July in Lett. Dr. Swift (1741) 252 The corruption of English by those Scribblers who send us over their trash in Prose and Verse, with abominable curtailings and quaint modernisms. 1796 Lady's Mag. Apr. 149/2 The ‘modernisms’, if so they may be termed, are innumerable. The word ‘crisis’ occurs more than once,—a word, we will boldly affirm, never used by Shakespeare. a1864 N. Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) II. 77 Such modernisms as astral lamps. 1869 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast (rev. ed.) 440 It [sc. the Mission Dolores] has a strangely solitary aspect, enhanced by its surroundings of the most uncongenial, rapidly growing modernisms. 1873 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 2) viii. 449 The last of these [sc. ‘its’] is a comparative modernism in the language. 1896 Catholic World Mar. 801 To-day, notwithstanding the encroaching march of modernisms of the dying nineteenth century, the fir and spruce are as green..as in the days of the good Abbé Sigogne. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 127/2 Our present scheme, so wholly lacking in the startling modernisms of up-to-date decorating, seemed..to make our future plans sound like a painter's nightmare. 1965 Listener 18 Nov. 803/1 Such typical modernisms as snog, nosh, [etc.]. 1985 D. Lowenthal Past is Foreign Country (1988) v. 251 Deliberate modernisms of dress and gesture [in Pre-Raphaelite paintings] emphasize the pastness of their archaistic scenes. 2. Modern character or quality of thought, expression, technique, etc.; sympathy with or affinity for what is modern. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [noun] > modernity modernity1635 modernness1653 modernism1772 actualité1839 up-to-dateness1891 up-to-datism1893 topicality1904 presentism1916 up-to-the-minuteness1940 1772 J.-N. de Sauseuil Anal. French Orthogr. 17 They give the Hebrew reading a character of modernism inconsistent with the real system of pronunciation which should be found in so antique and original a language as they would have it to be. 1803 R. Southey Let. 9 June in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) II. 212 In all these modern ballads there is a modernism of thought and language-turns to me very perceptible. 1806 J. Lingard Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church I. ii. 67 The modernism of its language. 1830 H. N. Coleridge Introd. Greek Poets 131 The women of the Odyssey discover occasionally a modernism and a want of..simplicity. 1861 F. Metcalfe Oxonian in Iceland (1867) iv. 57 And somehow this very modernism begets a desire for reverting now and then to old things, old people [etc.]. 1887 Westm. Rev. June 348 The Roman Church and the American Republic... The one typifying mediævalism, the other illustrating with tolerable fidelity the spirit of modernism. 1923 J. H. Eckenrode Jefferson Davis (1924) ii. 24 The modernism of the North and the Nordicism of the South came more and more into conflict. 1937 O. St. J. Gogarty As I was going down Sackville St. 30 The fallacy of all this modernism and Bolshevic ‘philosophy’. 1990 N. Baker Room Temperature vi. 46 Once our tray tables had exemplified the state-of-the-art Murphy-bed modernism of a design sense energized by the war. 3. Theology. Frequently in form Modernism. A tendency or movement towards modifying traditional beliefs and doctrines in accordance with modern ideas and scholarship; spec. a movement of this kind in the Roman Catholic Church around the beginning of the 20th cent. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > theology > systems of theology > [noun] > Rationalistic new light1649 rationalisma1732 neologism1827 neology1830 neologianism1846 modernism1878 neo-modernism1973 1878 Princeton Rev. July–Dec. 136 No wonder..if the boldest and most honest among the leaders of modernism do not any longer shrink from the..consequences of their own principles. 1900 G. Tyrrell Let. 3 Sept. in T. M. Loome Liberal Catholicism (1979) 30 The tension between the old & the young, between those who yield nothing to Modernism & can see no good in it, and those who would yield everything & can see no evil in it, is very acute. 1907 tr. Pius X Encyclical Let. Doctrines Modernists 15 If we..seek to know how the believer, according to Modernism, is marked off from the Philosopher, it must be observed [etc.]. 1915 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics VIII. 763/1 Modernism is the name given by the papal encyclical which condemned it to a complex of movements within the Roman Communion, all alike inspired by a desire to bring the tradition of Christian belief and practice into closer relation with the intellectual habits and social aspirations of our own time. 1927 H. D. A. Major Eng. Modernism 18 In the Roman Church Modernism is opposed to Mediævalism; in the English Church, Modernism, as in Holland, is opposed to Traditionalism; in America Modernism is opposed to Fundamentalism. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1294/2 Modernism has not been a significant position among southern theologians. 4. Any of various movements in art, architecture, literature, etc., generally characterized by a deliberate break with classical and traditional forms or methods of expression; the work or ideas of the adherents of such a movement.In early use usually contemptuous. Now often used spec. with reference to the early 20th cent., esp. in the visual arts. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > specific movement or period cinquecento1762 classicality1784 romanticism1821 classicism1827 Renaissance1836 classicalism1840 Queen Anne1863 classic1864 renascence1868 classical1875 modernism1879 New Romanticism1885 Colonial Revival1887 shogun1889 super-realism1890 verism1892 neoclassicism1893 veritism1894 social realism1898 camerata1900 peasantism1903 proto-Renaissance1903 Biedermeier1905 expressionism1908 futurism1909 Georgianism1911 Dada1918 Dadaism1918 German expressionism1920 expressionismus1925 Negro Renaissance1925 super-realism1925 settecento1926 surrealism1927 Neue Sachlichkeit1929 Sachlichkeit1930 neo-Gothicism1932 socialist realism1933 modernismus1934 Harlem Renaissance1940 organicism1945 avant-gardism1950 nouvelle vague1959 bricolage1960 kitchen-sinkery1964 black art1965 neo-modernism1966 Yuan1969 conceptualism1970 sound art1972 pre-modernism1976 Afrofuturism1993 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [noun] > other styles transition1730 pasticcio1750 symmetrophobia1809 rococo1835 flamboyantism1846 collegiate Gothic1851 vernacular architecture1857 Neo-Grec1867 modernism1879 wedding-cake1879 Queen Anne1883 Colonial Revival1889 Chicago school1893 Dutch colonial1894 English colonial1894 monumentalism1897 vernacular1910 international style1911 Churrigueresque1913 postmodernism1914 prairie style1914 rationalism1918 lavatory style1919 functionalism1924 Mudéjar1927 façadism1933 open plan1938 Wrenaissance1942 pseudo1945 brutalism1953 open planning1958 neo-Liberty1959 Queen Annery1966 Jugendstil1967 moderne1968 strip architecture1976 high-tech1978 1879 S. Colvin Art & Criticism in Appletons' Jrnl. Oct. 323/2 We shall certainly not join those who..declare that no other art is genuine..than that which devotes itself..to the literal rendering of facts without compromise or embellishment... Without joining the fanatics of realism and modernism we can at least welcome their experiments. 1908 R. A. Scott-James Modernism & Romance vii. 109 The novelist attempts to give to each note on a flute..a significance which is measured only by its effect upon character. This is ‘modernism’ with a vengeance. 1922 Musical Courier (N.Y.) 2 Feb. 7/1 As to what characteristic differentiates modernism from the music of the latest past..it depends not so much upon the chords used as upon their progression or resolution. 1929 H. R. Hitchcock Mod. Archit. xvii. 205 A city [sc. New York], whose ‘modernism’ consists in copying the poorest French models of the New Tradition. 1948 Life June 103 Emily Genauer, New York critic and no foe of modernism, lambasted the juries which chose the winners. 1961 Listener 23 Nov. 848/1 The American modernism introduced by Mr. T. S. Eliot, following Mr. Ezra Pound. 1996 LSE Mag. Winter 26/3 The late Douglas Stephen, an architect whose quiet commitment to Modernism influenced several generations of British designers and critics. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1737
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