monasticadj.n.

Brit.

/məˈnastɪk/, U.S.

/məˈnæstɪk/

Forms: late Middle English monastik, 1600s monastich, 1600s monastique, 1600s–1700s monastick, 1600s– monastic; also Scottish pre-1700 monastick, pre-1700 monastik.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin monasticus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin monasticus relating to a monk or a monastery (5th cent.; from 8th cent. in British sources), also as noun, monk (from 8th cent. in British sources) < Byzantine Greek μοναστικός , lit. ‘relating to solitary life’ (4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek μονάζειν to live alone (see monastery n.) + -τικός , suffix forming adjectives from verbs (compare -ic suffix). Compare French monastique (late 14th cent.), Italian monastico (1342), Spanish monástico (1607), Portuguese monástico (17th cent.). Compare slightly earlier monastical adj.

A. adj.

†1. Of or relating to a religious hermit; eremitic. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 107 (MED) In lengthe of tyme ful greet..chaunge is alwey maad in..the circumstauncis of..monastik gouernauncis—that is to seie, of gouernauncis bi whiche oon man gouerneth him silf aloon.

1723 R. Blackmore Alfred i. 30 Not from monastick Spleen or sullen Pride, That oft in Desarts, Grotts, and Caves abide: For this delightful solitary State I now enjoy, is not of ancient Date.

a. Of or relating to members of a community living under religious vows and generally subject to a fixed rule, as monks, nuns, friars, etc.; of or relating to a monastery or monasteries.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > [adjective]

monklyOE

monastical1402

monasterialc1443

claustralc1449

cloistrosec1449

monkish1536

monastic1563

abbey-like1570

cloisterly1570

cloistered1581

cloistral1606

monachal1607

monasterical1651

monial1656

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates I. 74 That sum men and women professing monastik lyfe and wouing virginitie may efter mary but brik of conscience.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. ii. 405 To forsweare the ful stream of y^e world, and to liue in a nooke meerly Monastick .

1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xxiv. 85 He [sc. Saint Gregory] at Myniard led A strict Monastick life, a Saint aliue and dead.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 447 Out of which luckless Representation..this Monastick Legend seems to be framed.

1695 S. Wesley On Death Mary in Elegies 5 Nor yet a dull monastic Cell, Where sullen Superstition rears its Throne A hive for the religious Drone.

1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. vi. 446 The three vows of poverty, of chastity, and of monastic obedience, which are common to all the monastic orders.

1790 T. Pennant Of London 64 The sides [of the tombs] are..embellished..with figures of mourners, pleureurs, or weepers, frequently in monastic habits.

1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at I-Colm-Kill Ruins of monastic buildings.

1872 J. Yeats Growth Commerce 333 Monastic lands..yielded a scanty produce.

1911 L. Weaver House & its Equipm. 39 In monastic houses reading was generally done in carrells, which were little bays in one or more of the Cloister walks.

1978 H. Carpenter Inklings (1981) iii. iii. 129 The bedroom is bare and looks a little like a monastic cell.

1995 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 10 July 19/5 (heading) Monastic life offers peaceful retreat from Western stress.

b. Resembling or suggestive of monks, their way of life, or their environment; austere, silent, secluded.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective]

unspeakinga1382

speechless1390

mutec1400

dumb1406

silenta1425

peaceablec1425

secretc1440

of few wordsa1500

tongue-tied1529

mum1532

closec1540

strait-laced1546

tongue-dumb1556

incommunicable1568

sparing1568

inconversable1577

retentive1599

wordless1604

mumbudget1622

uncommunicable1628

monastica1631

word-bound1644

on (also upon) the reserve1655

strait-mouthed1664

oyster-like1665

incommunicative1670

mumchance1681

speechless1726

taciturnous1727

tongue-tacked1727

monosyllabic1735

silentish1737

untalkative1739

silentious1749

buttoned-up1767

taciturn1771

close as wax1772

untittletattling1779

reticent1825

voiceless1827

say-nothing1838

unremonstrant1841

still1855

unvocal1858

inexpansive186.

short-tongued1864

non-communicating1865

tight-lipped1876

unworded1886

chup1896

tongue-bound1906

shut-mouthed1936

zip-lipped1943

shtum1958

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [adjective]

reclusedc1443

quiet1507

withdrawing1576

secluse1597

reclusive1600

secluded1604

recluse1608

withdrawn?1615

sequestering1620

monastica1631

anchorite1639

solitousa1656

sequestered1658

snug1710

hermitish1812

anchoritish1823

umbratic1839

Garboesque1928

Garboic1937

society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [adjective]

monkish1577

monastica1631

a1631 J. Donne Elegie Mris. Boulstred in Poems (1633) 69 He sinkes the deepe Where harmelesse fish monastique silence keepe.

1780 W. Hayley Ess. on Hist. 24 Monastic Night, with gathering shades, The ruin'd realm of History invades.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. vi. iii. 240 The mansion-house..was dark, heavy and monastic.

1835 Fraser's Mag. 12 362 Bologna: a piazzaed town; cold, dull, and monastic.

1876 F. Kilvert Diary 25 May (1940) III. 318 They [sc. the cloisters of New College] have an air of higher antiquity and a more severely monastic look.

1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet ii. i. 102 The lectures, the learning and wisdom..,the ivied walls and monastic rooms impregnated with it.

1989 Newsday (N.Y.) 2 Oct. (Nassau ed.) ii. 11/1 In his final years, Gould lived a life of monastic seclusion on the ground floor of a resort hotel in Toronto.

3. Bookbinding. Designating a method of binding in thick bevelled boards covered in khaki-coloured calf or brown hard-grained morocco, and finished by tooling without gold. Cf. antique adj. 5. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > type of binding > [adjective]

full-bound1705

super-extra1774

half-bound1775

Etruscan1792

antique1794

Russia-bound1808

vellum-bound1836

vellum-covered1836

quarter-bound1842

cloth-bound1860

limp1863

cottage1874

monastic1880

parchment-bound1881

yapped1882

all along1888

Grolieresque1889

Maioli1890

perfect1890

treed calf1892

Lyonnais1893

hardback1894

dos-à-dos1952

perfect bound1960

spiral-bound1961

spiral1977

1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding xxii. 111 Finishing is divided into two classes—blind or antique, or as it is sometimes called, monastic and gold-finished.

1885 W. J. E. Crane Bookbinding xx. 162 Another style of finishing..popular for religious books..is known as ‘antique’, or sometimes ‘monastic’, and consists..of blind tooling except the lettering.

1963 B. C. Middleton Hist. Eng. Craft Bookbinding xi. 163 This German style of binding—known as ‘antique’, ‘monastic’, or ‘divinity’—..figured largely in the English bookbinding sections of the Great Exhibitions of 1851 and 1862.

4. Ceramics. Designating to a type of glaze that produces a dull finish. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > glazed > types of ceramic or pottery glaze

stanniferous1823

raw1825

flambé1886

tea-dust1897

monastic1909

tin-enamelled1933

starved1964

1908 M. M. Crick in Victoria Hist. County of Dorset II. 366/1 This was the monastic method [of glazing tiles] which came in with the Gothic architecture about the end of the twelfth century.]

1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 128/1 Others give a dull effect in artistic shades and are known as ‘monastic’ glazes.

B. n.

1. A member of a monastic order; a monk.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [noun]

monkeOE

brotherOE

claustermanc1175

man (woman, etc.) of religiona1200

cloister-monkc1325

friarc1330

son1416

religion manc1475

pater1481

abbey man1483

scapularc1540

monach?c1550

cloister-man1581

monastic1632

cowlist1637

religieux?a1649

religioso1708

saint1888

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 474 Your order..by all the other Monasticks, is hated.

1721 R. Keith in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. To Rdr. p. vii The pious Author having been a Monastick or Brother of the Order of St. Augustine.

1805 R. Southey Let. 6 Apr. in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) II. 323 To let the immigrant monastics associate together here.

1860 W. F. Hook Lives Archbishops Canterbury I. v. 226 [They] are warned not to give to seculars or monastics an example of..wicked conversation.

1985 Buzz June 28/3 It was possible for monastics to get out of the world, but far more difficult to get the world out of the monastics.

1994 Speculum 69 1224 Curiously, that age of military collapse and insecurity [sc. the Palaeologian period] produced a very large harvest of wandering monastics, including patriarchs.

2. In extended use. rare.

ΚΠ

1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 26 His pie-plants.., compulsory monastics, blanched under barrels, each in his little hermitage, a vegetable Certosa.

1989 N. Dubie Groom Falconer 54 Bean plants With bits of string and poles Become the lean, sychophant monastics To whom the asylum is willed.

Derivatives

† monasticly adv. Obsolete = monastically adv.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > [adverb]

monasticly1596

monastically1600

monasterially1653

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 227 Quhair, quhen thair lyfe he monastiklie had informed, a Magnifik Monasterie [v.r. monestre]..he erected.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	monastic
释义	monasticadj.n. Brit. /məˈnastɪk/, U.S. /məˈnæstɪk/ Forms: late Middle English monastik, 1600s monastich, 1600s monastique, 1600s–1700s monastick, 1600s– monastic; also Scottish pre-1700 monastick, pre-1700 monastik. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin monasticus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin monasticus relating to a monk or a monastery (5th cent.; from 8th cent. in British sources), also as noun, monk (from 8th cent. in British sources) < Byzantine Greek μοναστικός , lit. ‘relating to solitary life’ (4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek μονάζειν to live alone (see monastery n.) + -τικός , suffix forming adjectives from verbs (compare -ic suffix). Compare French monastique (late 14th cent.), Italian monastico (1342), Spanish monástico (1607), Portuguese monástico (17th cent.). Compare slightly earlier monastical adj. A. adj. †1. Of or relating to a religious hermit; eremitic. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 107 (MED) In lengthe of tyme ful greet..chaunge is alwey maad in..the circumstauncis of..monastik gouernauncis—that is to seie, of gouernauncis bi whiche oon man gouerneth him silf aloon. 1723 R. Blackmore Alfred i. 30 Not from monastick Spleen or sullen Pride, That oft in Desarts, Grotts, and Caves abide: For this delightful solitary State I now enjoy, is not of ancient Date. 2. a. Of or relating to members of a community living under religious vows and generally subject to a fixed rule, as monks, nuns, friars, etc.; of or relating to a monastery or monasteries. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > [adjective] monklyOE monastical1402 monasterialc1443 claustralc1449 cloistrosec1449 monkish1536 monastic1563 abbey-like1570 cloisterly1570 cloistered1581 cloistral1606 monachal1607 monasterical1651 monial1656 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates I. 74 That sum men and women professing monastik lyfe and wouing virginitie may efter mary but brik of conscience. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. ii. 405 To forsweare the ful stream of y^e world, and to liue in a nooke meerly Monastick . View more context for this quotation 1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xxiv. 85 He [sc. Saint Gregory] at Myniard led A strict Monastick life, a Saint aliue and dead. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 447 Out of which luckless Representation..this Monastick Legend seems to be framed. 1695 S. Wesley On Death Mary in Elegies 5 Nor yet a dull monastic Cell, Where sullen Superstition rears its Throne A hive for the religious Drone. 1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. vi. 446 The three vows of poverty, of chastity, and of monastic obedience, which are common to all the monastic orders. 1790 T. Pennant Of London 64 The sides [of the tombs] are..embellished..with figures of mourners, pleureurs, or weepers, frequently in monastic habits. 1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at I-Colm-Kill Ruins of monastic buildings. 1872 J. Yeats Growth Commerce 333 Monastic lands..yielded a scanty produce. 1911 L. Weaver House & its Equipm. 39 In monastic houses reading was generally done in carrells, which were little bays in one or more of the Cloister walks. 1978 H. Carpenter Inklings (1981) iii. iii. 129 The bedroom is bare and looks a little like a monastic cell. 1995 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 10 July 19/5 (heading) Monastic life offers peaceful retreat from Western stress. b. Resembling or suggestive of monks, their way of life, or their environment; austere, silent, secluded. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective] unspeakinga1382 speechless1390 mutec1400 dumb1406 silenta1425 peaceablec1425 secretc1440 of few wordsa1500 tongue-tied1529 mum1532 closec1540 strait-laced1546 tongue-dumb1556 incommunicable1568 sparing1568 inconversable1577 retentive1599 wordless1604 mumbudget1622 uncommunicable1628 monastica1631 word-bound1644 on (also upon) the reserve1655 strait-mouthed1664 oyster-like1665 incommunicative1670 mumchance1681 speechless1726 taciturnous1727 tongue-tacked1727 monosyllabic1735 silentish1737 untalkative1739 silentious1749 buttoned-up1767 taciturn1771 close as wax1772 untittletattling1779 reticent1825 voiceless1827 say-nothing1838 unremonstrant1841 still1855 unvocal1858 inexpansive186. short-tongued1864 non-communicating1865 tight-lipped1876 unworded1886 chup1896 tongue-bound1906 shut-mouthed1936 zip-lipped1943 shtum1958 society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [adjective] reclusedc1443 quiet1507 withdrawing1576 secluse1597 reclusive1600 secluded1604 recluse1608 withdrawn?1615 sequestering1620 monastica1631 anchorite1639 solitousa1656 sequestered1658 snug1710 hermitish1812 anchoritish1823 umbratic1839 Garboesque1928 Garboic1937 society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [adjective] monkish1577 monastica1631 a1631 J. Donne Elegie Mris. Boulstred in Poems (1633) 69 He sinkes the deepe Where harmelesse fish monastique silence keepe. 1780 W. Hayley Ess. on Hist. 24 Monastic Night, with gathering shades, The ruin'd realm of History invades. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. vi. iii. 240 The mansion-house..was dark, heavy and monastic. 1835 Fraser's Mag. 12 362 Bologna: a piazzaed town; cold, dull, and monastic. 1876 F. Kilvert Diary 25 May (1940) III. 318 They [sc. the cloisters of New College] have an air of higher antiquity and a more severely monastic look. 1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet ii. i. 102 The lectures, the learning and wisdom..,the ivied walls and monastic rooms impregnated with it. 1989 Newsday (N.Y.) 2 Oct. (Nassau ed.) ii. 11/1 In his final years, Gould lived a life of monastic seclusion on the ground floor of a resort hotel in Toronto. 3. Bookbinding. Designating a method of binding in thick bevelled boards covered in khaki-coloured calf or brown hard-grained morocco, and finished by tooling without gold. Cf. antique adj. 5. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > type of binding > [adjective] full-bound1705 super-extra1774 half-bound1775 Etruscan1792 antique1794 Russia-bound1808 vellum-bound1836 vellum-covered1836 quarter-bound1842 cloth-bound1860 limp1863 cottage1874 monastic1880 parchment-bound1881 yapped1882 all along1888 Grolieresque1889 Maioli1890 perfect1890 treed calf1892 Lyonnais1893 hardback1894 dos-à-dos1952 perfect bound1960 spiral-bound1961 spiral1977 1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding xxii. 111 Finishing is divided into two classes—blind or antique, or as it is sometimes called, monastic and gold-finished. 1885 W. J. E. Crane Bookbinding xx. 162 Another style of finishing..popular for religious books..is known as ‘antique’, or sometimes ‘monastic’, and consists..of blind tooling except the lettering. 1963 B. C. Middleton Hist. Eng. Craft Bookbinding xi. 163 This German style of binding—known as ‘antique’, ‘monastic’, or ‘divinity’—..figured largely in the English bookbinding sections of the Great Exhibitions of 1851 and 1862. 4. Ceramics. Designating to a type of glaze that produces a dull finish. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > glazed > types of ceramic or pottery glaze stanniferous1823 raw1825 flambé1886 tea-dust1897 monastic1909 tin-enamelled1933 starved1964 1908 M. M. Crick in Victoria Hist. County of Dorset II. 366/1 This was the monastic method [of glazing tiles] which came in with the Gothic architecture about the end of the twelfth century.] 1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 128/1 Others give a dull effect in artistic shades and are known as ‘monastic’ glazes. B. n. 1. A member of a monastic order; a monk. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [noun] monkeOE brotherOE claustermanc1175 man (woman, etc.) of religiona1200 cloister-monkc1325 friarc1330 son1416 religion manc1475 pater1481 abbey man1483 scapularc1540 monach?c1550 cloister-man1581 monastic1632 cowlist1637 religieux?a1649 religioso1708 saint1888 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 474 Your order..by all the other Monasticks, is hated. 1721 R. Keith in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. To Rdr. p. vii The pious Author having been a Monastick or Brother of the Order of St. Augustine. 1805 R. Southey Let. 6 Apr. in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) II. 323 To let the immigrant monastics associate together here. 1860 W. F. Hook Lives Archbishops Canterbury I. v. 226 [They] are warned not to give to seculars or monastics an example of..wicked conversation. 1985 Buzz June 28/3 It was possible for monastics to get out of the world, but far more difficult to get the world out of the monastics. 1994 Speculum 69 1224 Curiously, that age of military collapse and insecurity [sc. the Palaeologian period] produced a very large harvest of wandering monastics, including patriarchs. 2. In extended use. rare. ΚΠ 1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 26 His pie-plants.., compulsory monastics, blanched under barrels, each in his little hermitage, a vegetable Certosa. 1989 N. Dubie Groom Falconer 54 Bean plants With bits of string and poles Become the lean, sychophant monastics To whom the asylum is willed. Derivatives † monasticly adv. Obsolete = monastically adv. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > [adverb] monasticly1596 monastically1600 monasterially1653 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 227 Quhair, quhen thair lyfe he monastiklie had informed, a Magnifik Monasterie [v.r. monestre]..he erected. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.c1449
随便看	write oneself man write oneself woman write out write over write permit ring write policy write protection write sense write the book write the book on write up write woman write-back write-in write-of-hand write-off write-once write-protect write-protected write-up writeback writedown writee writein writeling