monaxonadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌmɒnˈaksɒn/, U.S.

/ˌmɑnˈækˌsɑn/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a Latin lexical item. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mono- comb. form, Greek ἀξον- , axon n.

Etymology: In senses A. and B. 2 < mono- comb. form + ancient Greek ἀξον-, ἄξων axis (see axon n.), probably after scientific Latin Monaxonida, order name, or Monaxona, former order name (see monaxonid adj. and n.); compare earlier monaxonic adj. In sense B. 1 < mono- comb. form + axon n.

A. adj.

Zoology. Of a sponge spicule: having a single (straight or curved) axis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [adjective] > axial > having one axis

monaxonic1885

monaxon1887

1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 416/1 Monaxon Biradiate Type (rhabdus).

1940 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 6) I. 110 Order 2.—Monaxonida. Desmospongia with monaxon spicules.

1994 E. E. Ruppert & R. D. Barnes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 6) iii. 76/1 Monaxon spicules are shaped like needles or rods and may be curved or straight with pointed, knobbed, or hooked ends.

B. n.

†1. Anatomy. A nerve cell with one axon. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > substance of nervous system > [noun] > nerve cell > types of

nerve vesicle1839

brain cell1848

stellate cell1870

Purkinje cell1872

neuroblast1878

touch cell1878

Golgi('s) cell1892

memory cell1892

astrocyte1896

astroblast1897

motor neuron1897

cytochrome1898

stichochrome1899

monaxon1900

basket cell1901

relay neuron1903

internuncial neuron1906

sheath cell1906

motoneuron1908

adjustor1909

satellite1912

microglia1924

oligodendroglia1924

sympathicoblast1927

pituicyte1930

oligodendrocyte1932

sympathoblast1934

sympathogonia1934

interneuron1938

Renshaw cell1954

1900 W. S. Hall Text-bk. Physiol. xiii. 538 In monaxons the impulse passes always away from the cell-body, hence is cellulifugal.

2. Zoology. A monaxon sponge spicule.

ΚΠ

1912 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 202 170 The normal young Sycon has a beautiful double ascular crown of long monaxons.

1963 G. A. Kerkut Borradaile & Potts's Invertebrata (rev. ed.) iii. 124 Order Monaxonida. With monaxons.

1994 Jrnl. Paleontol. 68 734 The swollen grotesque spicules..are distinctive, particularly where combined with an inner layer(?) or root tuft of monaxons of various sizes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	monaxon
释义	monaxonadj.n. Brit. /ˌmɒnˈaksɒn/, U.S. /ˌmɑnˈækˌsɑn/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a Latin lexical item. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mono- comb. form, Greek ἀξον- , axon n. Etymology: In senses A. and B. 2 < mono- comb. form + ancient Greek ἀξον-, ἄξων axis (see axon n.), probably after scientific Latin Monaxonida, order name, or Monaxona, former order name (see monaxonid adj. and n.); compare earlier monaxonic adj. In sense B. 1 < mono- comb. form + axon n. A. adj. Zoology. Of a sponge spicule: having a single (straight or curved) axis. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [adjective] > axial > having one axis monaxonic1885 monaxon1887 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 416/1 Monaxon Biradiate Type (rhabdus). 1940 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 6) I. 110 Order 2.—Monaxonida. Desmospongia with monaxon spicules. 1994 E. E. Ruppert & R. D. Barnes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 6) iii. 76/1 Monaxon spicules are shaped like needles or rods and may be curved or straight with pointed, knobbed, or hooked ends. B. n. †1. Anatomy. A nerve cell with one axon. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > substance of nervous system > [noun] > nerve cell > types of nerve vesicle1839 brain cell1848 stellate cell1870 Purkinje cell1872 neuroblast1878 touch cell1878 Golgi('s) cell1892 memory cell1892 astrocyte1896 astroblast1897 motor neuron1897 cytochrome1898 stichochrome1899 monaxon1900 basket cell1901 relay neuron1903 internuncial neuron1906 sheath cell1906 motoneuron1908 adjustor1909 satellite1912 microglia1924 oligodendroglia1924 sympathicoblast1927 pituicyte1930 oligodendrocyte1932 sympathoblast1934 sympathogonia1934 interneuron1938 Renshaw cell1954 1900 W. S. Hall Text-bk. Physiol. xiii. 538 In monaxons the impulse passes always away from the cell-body, hence is cellulifugal. 2. Zoology. A monaxon sponge spicule. ΚΠ 1912 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 202 170 The normal young Sycon has a beautiful double ascular crown of long monaxons. 1963 G. A. Kerkut Borradaile & Potts's Invertebrata (rev. ed.) iii. 124 Order Monaxonida. With monaxons. 1994 Jrnl. Paleontol. 68 734 The swollen grotesque spicules..are distinctive, particularly where combined with an inner layer(?) or root tuft of monaxons of various sizes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1887
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