monoclonaladj.n.
/ˌmɒnə(ʊ)ˈkləʊnl/, U.S. /ˌmɑnəˈkloʊn(ə)l/ Biology and Medicine.
A. adj.
Forming a clone derived asexually from a single individual or cell; relating to, involving, or produced by such a clone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [adjective] > descent from common ancestor > clone or polyclone
monoclonal1914
polyclonal1914
cloned1933
clonal1946
1914 W. E. Agar in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 205 422 When a population is known to have been descended asexually from a single common ancestor, it consists of a single clone and may be described as monoclonal.
1963 Science 14 June 1218/1 This work [on myeloma proteins] has been extended to include ‘monoclonal’ γ-globulins appearing in smaller amounts in certain presumed normal individuals.
1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) ii. 97 Both in myeloma-associated amyloidosis and in so-called primary amyloidosis, where there is no overt underlying disease, the protein deposited in the tissues consists of part or all of a homogeneous (monoclonal) Ig light chain called AL protein.
2000 Brit. Jrnl. Haematol. 108 549 The number of these monoclonal cells was significantly increased in patients in an advanced stage of MM [= multiple myeloma].
B. n.
Short for monoclonal antibody n. at Compounds.
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the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > antibody > [noun] > types of
Russell body1892
precipitin1900
nephrotoxin1902
hepatotoxin1903
opsonin1903
autoantibody1905
concanavalin1917
isoantibody1919
reagin1925
immune globulin1934
macroglobulin1952
immunoglobulin1953
properdin1954
LATS1961
alloantibody1964
xenoantibody1974
monoclonal1980
abzyme1986
1980 Sci. Amer. Oct. 60/3 As monoclonals become available they are therefore likely to supersede conventional antibodies in many investigative and clinical laboratories.
2000 Jrnl. Internal Med. 247 385 The antibodies were used to analyse the cross-reactivity between monoclonals with different specificities.
Compounds
monoclonal antibody n. an antibody produced by a single clone of cells and having a unique antigenic specificity; (now) esp. an antibody preparation synthesized by a hybridoma; abbreviated MAB.
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1967 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 57 1495 It seems likely..that many other instances of monoclonal antibodies can be found.
1984 Sci. Amer. Dec. 64/1 Monoclonal antibodies have become standard tools for finding, identifying and isolating particular molecules in complex mixtures or in tissues.
2000 U.S. News & World Rep. 8 May 52/1 She tried an ‘anti-IgE’ drug, a monoclonal antibody designed to hobble immunoglobulin E.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1914