mortifyingn.

Brit.

/ˈmɔːtᵻfʌɪɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈmɔrdəˌfaɪɪŋ/

Forms: Middle English mortefienge, Middle English mortifieng, Middle English mortifiinge, Middle English mortifiyng, Middle English mortifyinge, Middle English mortyfyinge, Middle English– mortifying; Scottish pre-1700 mortifieing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mortify v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < mortify v. + -ing suffix¹.

Now rare.

The action of mortify v.; an instance of this, mortification.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > [noun]

mortifyingc1384

perishingc1384

slayinga1400

interfectionc1450

dispatchment1529

killingc1540

dispatch1576

unliving1599

martyring1607

taking offa1616

enecation1657

exanimation1670

(to get) the chop or chopper1945

wipeout1968

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [noun] > mortifying the flesh, etc.

mortifyingc1384

mortificationc1390

scleragogy1621

necrosis1706

crucifixiona1711

society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [noun]

afflictionc1330

mortifyingc1384

mortification of (the) body (also flesh, senses, sin, etc.)c1390

mortificationa1500

self-mortification1586

necrosis1706

crucifixiona1711

asceticism1845

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 2 Cor. iv. 10 We..beringe aboute the mortifyinge [v.rr. slawȝter; mortifyinge, that is, the dyuerse tourmentynge; a1425 sleyng; L. mortificationem] of Jhesu Crist in oure body.

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 223 (MED) Þei han put raþir her bisynesse and desier in mortifiinge of þe body þan in distriinge and mortifiinge of her propre wille.

a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 56 (MED) Þere is non oþer way to lyfe..but þe way of þe holy crosse and of quotidian mortifieng [L. mortificationis].

1530 W. Tyndale Prol. Lev. in Wks. (1573) 14/2 Baptisme signifieth vnto vs repentaunce, and the mortifying of our vnruly members, and bodyes of sinne, to walke in a new life.

1674 J. Owen Serm. in Wks. (1851) ix. 469 If our hearts are not engaged to the mortifying of all sin.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Necrosis, (in Divinity) a mortifying of corrupt Affections.

1777 Whole Proc. Jockey & Maggy (rev. ed.) ii. 14 That's a better mense for a fault, than a your mortifying o' your members.

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. i. 167 Scourgings, macerations, mortifyings, Fasts, disciplines that clear the spiritual eye.

1899 Good Words Apr. 241 Such is the régime of the table for Lent, and certainly it ought to tend to the mortifying of the flesh.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mortifyingadj.

Brit.

/ˈmɔːtᵻfʌɪɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈmɔrdəˌfaɪɪŋ/

Forms: late Middle English– mortifying, 1600s mortyfiing; Scottish pre-1700 mortifyeing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mortify v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < mortify v. + -ing suffix².

†a. Medicine and Surgery. Of a medicine: that destroys tissue; caustic. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > corrosive or caustic > [adjective]

corrosivec1400

adustive?a1425

mortifying?a1425

caustic1555

ustive1598

corrodent1599

escharotic1628

catheretic1634

pyrotic1634

catheretical1638

escharotical1651

calcineous1660

caustical1676

phagedaenic1702

phagedaenical1725

diabrotic1775

?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 150^v (MED) Worche first wiþ summe mortifying pouder as wiþ þe pouder of affodilles.

b. Affected with, undergoing, or characteristic of gangrene or necrosis. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > alteration of tissue > of nature of necrosis > affected with

cankerfretc1325

cankereda1398

mortified?a1425

gangrened1591

gangrenated1597

gangrenate1634

gangrenous1634

sphacelate1634

sphacelated1639

gangrenized1662

sphacelous1683

gangrenescent1759

mortifying1797

sphacelating1799

necrosed1821

necrotic1826

necrotizing1873

necrotized1929

1797 J. Downing Treat. Disorders Horned Cattle 18 A swelling attended with lameness and a mortifying blackness.

1901 Daily Chron. 25 July 3/2 The explorer held the mortifying finger upright during many a weary march.

1973 J. G. Farrell Siege of Krishnapur xiii. 176 The pulse was small and frequent, the smell from the mortifying parts was particularly offensive.

†2.

a. Causing death; mortal, fatal; deadly. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > cause of death > [adjective]

deadlyc893

deathlyOE

deathfula1250

mortalc1390

capitalc1426

exitialc1475

fey1488

mortuala1500

perishinga1500

fatal?1518

ferial1528

mortiferousa1538

deadc1540

exitious?1545

deathlike1548

mortifying1555

starvingc1600

lethal1604

speedingc1604

vital1612

irrecoverable1614

feral1621

lethiferous1651

mortific1651

mortifical1657

daggering1694

exitiose1727

fateful1764

kill-devil1831

unsurvivable1839

lethiferal1848

tachythanatous1860

1555 R. Eden Briefe Descr. Moscouia in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 261^v Spices, gums, & odoriferous frutes are engendered in hot regions by continuall heate..withowt impression of the mortifying qualitie of could.

1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse sig. 17^v Our veines wil be possessed with a clammy humor which may hinder the course of the bloud, corrupting the spirits, and bringing a mortifying cold ouer al the body.

1684 T. Tryon Country-man's Compan. (title page) To preserve Sheep from that Monsterous, Mortifying Distemper, The Rot.

a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 167 The cold in the woods..was yet not so mortifying as the other.

1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 103 Mortifying, Gripe-gut Beer.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 117 Urine..is reckoned to be of a destructive, mortifying Nature to Vegetables.

1896 Ld. Rosebery in Times 12 Feb. 6/2 The noble duke's icy cold spray has been turned on, and no political plant with which I am acquainted has survived that mortifying process.

b. Preceding death. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > dead person or the dead > [adjective] > dying

deadlyc893

swelting?a1400

dyingc1450

at (the) utterance1525

in (the, his) extremes1551

parting1562

Acherontic1597

ending1600

departing1603

on one's last legs1614

expiring1635

mortifying1649

morient1679

upon one's last stretch1680

gasping1681

à la mort1700

moribund1721

outward-bound1809

terminal1854

on the brink of the grave1872

defunctive1929

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxviii. 226 Those few mortifying howers that should have bin..most at peace from all..disquiet.

3. Involving mortification or the repression of natural appetites and desires. Also: †that practises self-denial; self-denying, austere, abstemious (obsolete). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [adjective]

mortifying1600

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [adjective] > mortified > that practises mortification

mortifying1600

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [adjective] > mortified > involving mortification

mortifying1600

society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [adjective] > person

mortifying1600

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 82 And let my liuer rather heate with wine Then my hart coole with mortifying grones.

1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 118 His Life was Austere and Mortifying.

a1656 A. Gray Spiritual Warfare (1672) iii. 70 A mortifying Christian is a most experienced Christian.

a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives (1898) I. 132 Here he had several mortifying and divine motto's.

1706 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels III. 517 It will not decline the most mortifying Severities, when used as Expedients to secure his good Graces.

1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism iii. 86 The mortifying purity of the ministers of heaven.

4. Causing humiliation of feeling; (in early use) humbling, depressing; vexatious, annoying; (later usually) humiliating, shameful, embarrassing. (Now the principal sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing

darkOE

unmerryOE

deathlyc1225

dolefulc1275

elengec1275

dreicha1300

coolc1350

cloudyc1374

sada1375

colda1400

deadlya1400

joylessc1400

unjoyful?c1400

disconsolatea1413

mournfula1425

funeralc1425

uncheerfulc1449

dolent1489

dolesome1533

heavy-hearted1555

glum1558

ungladsome1558

black1562

pleasureless1567

dern1570

plaintive?1570

glummish1573

cheerless1575

comfortless1576

wintry1579

glummy1580

funebral1581

discouraging1584

dernful?1591

murk1596

recomfortless1596

sullen1597

amating1600

lugubrious1601

dusky1602

sable1603

funebrial1604

damping1607

mortifying1611

tearful?1611

uncouth1611

dulsome1613

luctual1613

dismal1617

winterous1617

unked1620

mopish1621

godforsaken?1623

uncheerly1627

funebrious1630

lugubrous1632

drearisome1633

unheartsome1637

feral1641

drear1645

darksome1649

sadding1649

saddening1650

disheartening1654

funebrous1654

luctiferous1656

mestifical1656

tristifical1656

sooty1657

dreary1667

tenebrose1677

clouded1682

tragicala1700

funereal1707

gloomy1710

sepulchrala1711

dumpishc1717

bleaka1719

depressive1727

lugubre1727

muzzy1728

dispiriting1733

uncheery1760

unconsolatory1760

unjolly1764

Decemberly1765

sombre1768

uncouthie1768

depressing1772

unmirthful1782

sombrous1789

disanimating1791

Decemberish1793

grey1794

uncheering1796

ungenial1796

uncomforting1798

disencouraginga1806

stern1812

chilling1815

uncheered1817

dejecting1818

mopey1821

desponding1828

wisht1829

leadening1835

unsportful1837

demoralizing1840

Novemberish1840

frigid1844

morne1844

tragic1848

wet-blanketty1848

morgue1850

ungladdeneda1851

adusk1856

smileless1858

soul-sick1858

Novemberya1864

saturnine1863

down1873

lacklustre1883

Heaven-abandoneda1907

downbeat1952

doomy1967

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious

angeeOE

swinkfuleOE

plightlyOE

teenfulOE

contrariousc1320

drefa1325

troublinga1325

despitousa1340

thornya1340

discomfortablec1350

troublablec1374

noyousa1382

noyfulc1384

diseasy1387

angrya1393

painful1395

hackinga1400

annoying?c1400

annoyousc1400

cumbrousc1400

teenc1400

annoyfulc1405

sputousc1420

diseasefula1425

molest?a1425

noying?a1425

noisomea1450

grievingc1450

tedious?1454

troublous1463

noisantc1475

displeasant1481

strouble1488

nuisant1494

noyanta1500

irksome1513

sturting1513

molestious1524

vexatious1534

cumbersome1535

uncommodious1541

spiteful1548

vexing?1548

incommodious1551

molestous1555

diseasing1558

grating1563

pestilent1565

sturtsome1570

molestuousa1572

troublesome1573

murrain1575

discommodable1579

galling1583

spiny1586

unsupportable1586

troubleful1588

plaguey1594

distressingc1595

molestful1596

molesting1598

vexful1598

fretful1603

briery1604

bemadding1608

mortifying1611

tiry1611

distressfula1616

irking1629

angersome1649

disobliging1652

discomforting1654

incomfortable1655

incommode1672

ruffling1680

unconvenient1683

pestifying1716

trying1718

offending1726

bothering1765

pesky1775

weary1785

sturty1788

unaccommodating1790

tiresome1798

werriting1808

bothersome1817

plaguesome1828

pestilential1833

fretsome1834

languorous1834

pesty1834

pestersome1843

nettlesome1845

miserable1850

niggling1854

distempering1855

be-maddeninga1861

nattery1873

nagging1883

pestiferous1890

trouble-giving1893

maddening1896

molestive1905

nuisancy1906

balls-aching?1912

nuisance1922

nattering1949

noodgy1969

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

cockish1996

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Xx8 The bones of these virginall Martyrs are kept in seuerall places,..their bones lie in great heaps... But in the bodie of the Church I obserued a farre greater multitude of these mortifying objects.

1666 J. Worthington Let. 11 Sept. in Diary & Corr. (1855) II. i. 212 Such a mortifying sight is worth a journey, that men may be the more convinced of the uncertainty and vanity of things below.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. x. 145 They were the most mortifying Sight I ever beheld, and the Women more horrible than the Men.

1756 W. Cowper Wks. (1837) XV. 270 I live in hourly apprehensions of more mortifying adventures.

1833 C. Lamb Stage Illusion in Last Ess. Elia 23 The most mortifying infirmity in human nature..is, perhaps, cowardice.

1879 Expositor 10 166 The disappointment was naturally the more acute and mortifying.

1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 169 Thin people inspire almost as many names and jokes as fat people, but the laughter is less mortifying.

1996 Y. Martel Self 171 I saw Karen transform herself into a whining, cloying kitten.., something mortifying to watch.

Derivatives

ˈmortifyingly adv. in a way that is vexatious or humiliating; embarrassingly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner

noyfully1395

annoyously?c1400

noyously1483

troublously1538

uncommodiously1545

wretchedly1546

irksomely1549

incommodiously1551

troublesomely1591

vexingly1599

cumbersomely1611

vexatiously1642

discomfortably1653

importunely1658

gratingly1683

mortifyingly1748

distressingly1786

gallingly1802

annoyingly1806

peskily1833

pesky1833

tryingly1841

discomfortingly1869

balls-achingly1972

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. li. 254 How tender, how mortifyingly-tender, now in him!

1853 C. Brontë Villette II. xxviii. 301 What she said..was of a purpose somewhat mortifyingly below the standard of the occasion.

1996 J. Lanchester Debt to Pleasure (1997) 66 My father would take out a mortifyingly dilapidated grey woollen two-piece outfit, a fossil ancestor of the modern tracksuit.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mortifying
释义	mortifyingn. Brit. /ˈmɔːtᵻfʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈmɔrdəˌfaɪɪŋ/ Forms: Middle English mortefienge, Middle English mortifieng, Middle English mortifiinge, Middle English mortifiyng, Middle English mortifyinge, Middle English mortyfyinge, Middle English– mortifying; Scottish pre-1700 mortifieing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mortify v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < mortify v. + -ing suffix¹. Now rare. The action of mortify v.; an instance of this, mortification. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > [noun] mortifyingc1384 perishingc1384 slayinga1400 interfectionc1450 dispatchment1529 killingc1540 dispatch1576 unliving1599 martyring1607 taking offa1616 enecation1657 exanimation1670 (to get) the chop or chopper1945 wipeout1968 hit1970 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [noun] > mortifying the flesh, etc. mortifyingc1384 mortificationc1390 scleragogy1621 necrosis1706 crucifixiona1711 society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [noun] afflictionc1330 mortifyingc1384 mortification of (the) body (also flesh, senses, sin, etc.)c1390 mortificationa1500 self-mortification1586 necrosis1706 crucifixiona1711 asceticism1845 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 2 Cor. iv. 10 We..beringe aboute the mortifyinge [v.rr. slawȝter; mortifyinge, that is, the dyuerse tourmentynge; a1425 sleyng; L. mortificationem] of Jhesu Crist in oure body. ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 223 (MED) Þei han put raþir her bisynesse and desier in mortifiinge of þe body þan in distriinge and mortifiinge of her propre wille. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 56 (MED) Þere is non oþer way to lyfe..but þe way of þe holy crosse and of quotidian mortifieng [L. mortificationis]. 1530 W. Tyndale Prol. Lev. in Wks. (1573) 14/2 Baptisme signifieth vnto vs repentaunce, and the mortifying of our vnruly members, and bodyes of sinne, to walke in a new life. 1674 J. Owen Serm. in Wks. (1851) ix. 469 If our hearts are not engaged to the mortifying of all sin. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Necrosis, (in Divinity) a mortifying of corrupt Affections. 1777 Whole Proc. Jockey & Maggy (rev. ed.) ii. 14 That's a better mense for a fault, than a your mortifying o' your members. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. i. 167 Scourgings, macerations, mortifyings, Fasts, disciplines that clear the spiritual eye. 1899 Good Words Apr. 241 Such is the régime of the table for Lent, and certainly it ought to tend to the mortifying of the flesh. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mortifyingadj. Brit. /ˈmɔːtᵻfʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈmɔrdəˌfaɪɪŋ/ Forms: late Middle English– mortifying, 1600s mortyfiing; Scottish pre-1700 mortifyeing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mortify v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < mortify v. + -ing suffix². 1. †a. Medicine and Surgery. Of a medicine: that destroys tissue; caustic. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > corrosive or caustic > [adjective] corrosivec1400 adustive?a1425 mortifying?a1425 caustic1555 ustive1598 corrodent1599 escharotic1628 catheretic1634 pyrotic1634 catheretical1638 escharotical1651 calcineous1660 caustical1676 phagedaenic1702 phagedaenical1725 diabrotic1775 ?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 150^v (MED) Worche first wiþ summe mortifying pouder as wiþ þe pouder of affodilles. b. Affected with, undergoing, or characteristic of gangrene or necrosis. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > alteration of tissue > of nature of necrosis > affected with cankerfretc1325 cankereda1398 mortified?a1425 gangrened1591 gangrenated1597 gangrenate1634 gangrenous1634 sphacelate1634 sphacelated1639 gangrenized1662 sphacelous1683 gangrenescent1759 mortifying1797 sphacelating1799 necrosed1821 necrotic1826 necrotizing1873 necrotized1929 1797 J. Downing Treat. Disorders Horned Cattle 18 A swelling attended with lameness and a mortifying blackness. 1901 Daily Chron. 25 July 3/2 The explorer held the mortifying finger upright during many a weary march. 1973 J. G. Farrell Siege of Krishnapur xiii. 176 The pulse was small and frequent, the smell from the mortifying parts was particularly offensive. †2. a. Causing death; mortal, fatal; deadly. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > cause of death > [adjective] deadlyc893 deathlyOE deathfula1250 mortalc1390 capitalc1426 exitialc1475 fey1488 mortuala1500 perishinga1500 fatal?1518 ferial1528 mortiferousa1538 deadc1540 exitious?1545 deathlike1548 mortifying1555 starvingc1600 lethal1604 speedingc1604 vital1612 irrecoverable1614 feral1621 lethiferous1651 mortific1651 mortifical1657 daggering1694 exitiose1727 fateful1764 kill-devil1831 unsurvivable1839 lethiferal1848 tachythanatous1860 1555 R. Eden Briefe Descr. Moscouia in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 261^v Spices, gums, & odoriferous frutes are engendered in hot regions by continuall heate..withowt impression of the mortifying qualitie of could. 1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse sig. 17^v Our veines wil be possessed with a clammy humor which may hinder the course of the bloud, corrupting the spirits, and bringing a mortifying cold ouer al the body. 1684 T. Tryon Country-man's Compan. (title page) To preserve Sheep from that Monsterous, Mortifying Distemper, The Rot. a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 167 The cold in the woods..was yet not so mortifying as the other. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 103 Mortifying, Gripe-gut Beer. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 117 Urine..is reckoned to be of a destructive, mortifying Nature to Vegetables. 1896 Ld. Rosebery in Times 12 Feb. 6/2 The noble duke's icy cold spray has been turned on, and no political plant with which I am acquainted has survived that mortifying process. b. Preceding death. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > dead person or the dead > [adjective] > dying deadlyc893 swelting?a1400 dyingc1450 at (the) utterance1525 in (the, his) extremes1551 parting1562 Acherontic1597 ending1600 departing1603 on one's last legs1614 expiring1635 mortifying1649 morient1679 upon one's last stretch1680 gasping1681 à la mort1700 moribund1721 outward-bound1809 terminal1854 on the brink of the grave1872 defunctive1929 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxviii. 226 Those few mortifying howers that should have bin..most at peace from all..disquiet. 3. Involving mortification or the repression of natural appetites and desires. Also: †that practises self-denial; self-denying, austere, abstemious (obsolete). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [adjective] mortifying1600 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [adjective] > mortified > that practises mortification mortifying1600 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > asceticism > [adjective] > mortified > involving mortification mortifying1600 society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [adjective] > person mortifying1600 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 82 And let my liuer rather heate with wine Then my hart coole with mortifying grones. View more context for this quotation 1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 118 His Life was Austere and Mortifying. a1656 A. Gray Spiritual Warfare (1672) iii. 70 A mortifying Christian is a most experienced Christian. a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives (1898) I. 132 Here he had several mortifying and divine motto's. 1706 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels III. 517 It will not decline the most mortifying Severities, when used as Expedients to secure his good Graces. 1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism iii. 86 The mortifying purity of the ministers of heaven. 4. Causing humiliation of feeling; (in early use) humbling, depressing; vexatious, annoying; (later usually) humiliating, shameful, embarrassing. (Now the principal sense.) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] > gloomy or depressing darkOE unmerryOE deathlyc1225 dolefulc1275 elengec1275 dreicha1300 coolc1350 cloudyc1374 sada1375 colda1400 deadlya1400 joylessc1400 unjoyful?c1400 disconsolatea1413 mournfula1425 funeralc1425 uncheerfulc1449 dolent1489 dolesome1533 heavy-hearted1555 glum1558 ungladsome1558 black1562 pleasureless1567 dern1570 plaintive?1570 glummish1573 cheerless1575 comfortless1576 wintry1579 glummy1580 funebral1581 discouraging1584 dernful?1591 murk1596 recomfortless1596 sullen1597 amating1600 lugubrious1601 dusky1602 sable1603 funebrial1604 damping1607 mortifying1611 tearful?1611 uncouth1611 dulsome1613 luctual1613 dismal1617 winterous1617 unked1620 mopish1621 godforsaken?1623 uncheerly1627 funebrious1630 lugubrous1632 drearisome1633 unheartsome1637 feral1641 drear1645 darksome1649 sadding1649 saddening1650 disheartening1654 funebrous1654 luctiferous1656 mestifical1656 tristifical1656 sooty1657 dreary1667 tenebrose1677 clouded1682 tragicala1700 funereal1707 gloomy1710 sepulchrala1711 dumpishc1717 bleaka1719 depressive1727 lugubre1727 muzzy1728 dispiriting1733 uncheery1760 unconsolatory1760 unjolly1764 Decemberly1765 sombre1768 uncouthie1768 depressing1772 unmirthful1782 sombrous1789 disanimating1791 Decemberish1793 grey1794 uncheering1796 ungenial1796 uncomforting1798 disencouraginga1806 stern1812 chilling1815 uncheered1817 dejecting1818 mopey1821 desponding1828 wisht1829 leadening1835 unsportful1837 demoralizing1840 Novemberish1840 frigid1844 morne1844 tragic1848 wet-blanketty1848 morgue1850 ungladdeneda1851 adusk1856 smileless1858 soul-sick1858 Novemberya1864 saturnine1863 down1873 lacklustre1883 Heaven-abandoneda1907 downbeat1952 doomy1967 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious angeeOE swinkfuleOE plightlyOE teenfulOE contrariousc1320 drefa1325 troublinga1325 despitousa1340 thornya1340 discomfortablec1350 troublablec1374 noyousa1382 noyfulc1384 diseasy1387 angrya1393 painful1395 hackinga1400 annoying?c1400 annoyousc1400 cumbrousc1400 teenc1400 annoyfulc1405 sputousc1420 diseasefula1425 molest?a1425 noying?a1425 noisomea1450 grievingc1450 tedious?1454 troublous1463 noisantc1475 displeasant1481 strouble1488 nuisant1494 noyanta1500 irksome1513 sturting1513 molestious1524 vexatious1534 cumbersome1535 uncommodious1541 spiteful1548 vexing?1548 incommodious1551 molestous1555 diseasing1558 grating1563 pestilent1565 sturtsome1570 molestuousa1572 troublesome1573 murrain1575 discommodable1579 galling1583 spiny1586 unsupportable1586 troubleful1588 plaguey1594 distressingc1595 molestful1596 molesting1598 vexful1598 fretful1603 briery1604 bemadding1608 mortifying1611 tiry1611 distressfula1616 irking1629 angersome1649 disobliging1652 discomforting1654 incomfortable1655 incommode1672 ruffling1680 unconvenient1683 pestifying1716 trying1718 offending1726 bothering1765 pesky1775 weary1785 sturty1788 unaccommodating1790 tiresome1798 werriting1808 bothersome1817 plaguesome1828 pestilential1833 fretsome1834 languorous1834 pesty1834 pestersome1843 nettlesome1845 miserable1850 niggling1854 distempering1855 be-maddeninga1861 nattery1873 nagging1883 pestiferous1890 trouble-giving1893 maddening1896 molestive1905 nuisancy1906 balls-aching?1912 nuisance1922 nattering1949 noodgy1969 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 cockish1996 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Xx8 The bones of these virginall Martyrs are kept in seuerall places,..their bones lie in great heaps... But in the bodie of the Church I obserued a farre greater multitude of these mortifying objects. 1666 J. Worthington Let. 11 Sept. in Diary & Corr. (1855) II. i. 212 Such a mortifying sight is worth a journey, that men may be the more convinced of the uncertainty and vanity of things below. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. x. 145 They were the most mortifying Sight I ever beheld, and the Women more horrible than the Men. 1756 W. Cowper Wks. (1837) XV. 270 I live in hourly apprehensions of more mortifying adventures. 1833 C. Lamb Stage Illusion in Last Ess. Elia 23 The most mortifying infirmity in human nature..is, perhaps, cowardice. 1879 Expositor 10 166 The disappointment was naturally the more acute and mortifying. 1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 169 Thin people inspire almost as many names and jokes as fat people, but the laughter is less mortifying. 1996 Y. Martel Self 171 I saw Karen transform herself into a whining, cloying kitten.., something mortifying to watch. Derivatives ˈmortifyingly adv. in a way that is vexatious or humiliating; embarrassingly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner noyfully1395 annoyously?c1400 noyously1483 troublously1538 uncommodiously1545 wretchedly1546 irksomely1549 incommodiously1551 troublesomely1591 vexingly1599 cumbersomely1611 vexatiously1642 discomfortably1653 importunely1658 gratingly1683 mortifyingly1748 distressingly1786 gallingly1802 annoyingly1806 peskily1833 pesky1833 tryingly1841 discomfortingly1869 balls-achingly1972 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. li. 254 How tender, how mortifyingly-tender, now in him! 1853 C. Brontë Villette II. xxviii. 301 What she said..was of a purpose somewhat mortifyingly below the standard of the occasion. 1996 J. Lanchester Debt to Pleasure (1997) 66 My father would take out a mortifyingly dilapidated grey woollen two-piece outfit, a fossil ancestor of the modern tracksuit. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1384adj.?a1425
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