单词 | mortise |
释义 | mortisen. 1. A cavity, hole, or recess into which the end of some other part of a framework or structure is fitted so as to form a joint. Also: a groove or slot for the reception or passage of a rope, an adjustable pin, etc.Frequently used in early Christian legends and mystery plays for the socket into which the foot of the Christ's Cross was set. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > a receding part > socket base?c1335 mortisec1390 socket1448 hem1559 mortise hole1585 sock1803 shoe1858 bayonet-socket1892 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > groove, channel, or cavity mortisec1390 rabbet1453 rebate1532 scarcement?1553 riggle1555 chamfering1565 mortise hole1585 rebatement1592 chamfer1601 gain1848 score1850 champer1854 blind holes1869 chase1871 c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 361 Þei reisede him up fro þe grounde to sette þe rode faste in a morteys [v.r. mortes]. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) x. 38 And þe crosse was sette in a mortays in the roche... And þat es now called Golgatha. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 167 b/1 And another piece wherin the sokette or morteys was maad that the body of the crosse stood in. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Orbite L'orbite d'une poulie, the mortaise wherein the shiuer of a Pullie runnes. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 680 Each Lever is pierced in the middle by a Mortaise,..in which an iron-nail..turns round. 1733 J. Tull Horse-hoing Husbandry xxi. 141 The Socket is a Mortise of about a Foot long, at the upper Part; two Inches deep. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 139 The first Course of the Grating is to be let in by a running Mortice. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 406 The screw passes through a groove or mortise at the end of the wheel frame. 1844 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 7 107/2 The mortoise, in the cap, should be made exactly to suit the mortoise in the piston-rod. 1889 G. M. Hopkins Exper. Sci. xiv. 311 A mortise about three-quarters of an inch square is made through the side of the tube. 1911 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 41 363 From the lower mortice to the opposite side of the cover is stretched a string, the slightest disturbance of which will break the balance of the pencil. 1989 E. M. Ripin et al. Early Keyboard Instruments ii. 113 In Italian instruments, each jack generally has its own rectangular mortise through the soundboard. 2. Woodworking and Joinery. a. A cavity, hole, or recess, usually rectangular in shape, cut in the surface of a piece of timber, etc., to receive a tenon. Also in extended use.chase, double, pulley mortise, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint > groove or cavity rabbeta1382 rabbetinga1382 mortise1440 pulley mortise1733 chase1823 housing1823 stub mortise1846 dado1875 trench1923 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 344 Morteys of a tenowne, gumphus. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 82v A mortase, castratura, ligium. 1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 35 b That were euen as wysely done of vs, as if a man wolde frame a tenaunte without a mortesse. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. F3 The ioyner though an honest man, yet he maketh his ioynts weake, and putteth in sappe in the morteses. 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. v. 80 If you were to make a Tennant upon a piece of Fur, and a Mortess to receive it in a piece of Oak. 1697 S. Patrick Comm. Exod. (xxvi. 19) 510 There were two silver Sockets for each Plank, whose Tenons sinking into these Mortaises [etc.]. c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 10 Two stones stands [sic] up and one laid on their tops with morteses into each other. 1753 F. Price Brit. Carpenter (ed. 3) 8 Double, or pully mortices, (as they are call'd). 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 119 Girders..are made with mortises, in order to receive the tenons at the end of the binding-joists. 1852 T. Wright Celt, Roman, & Saxon ii. 59 Each of the upright stones had two tenons..which fitted into mortices or hollows. 1887 G. W. Hazeltine Early Hist. Ellicott, N.Y. 174 The carpenter had to lay out the frame, cutting a tenon here, and digging out a mortice there. 1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life i. 12 The post, being wild and free in the grain, had burst along the two mortices. 1991 Trad. Woodworking Apr. 6/1 Wedging can give greater strength..by causing the tenon to expand within its mortise, so increasing the grip. b. mortise and tenon n. a joint composed of a mortise and a tenon (also: the component parts of this); the method of joining pieces of wood, etc., by means of a mortise and a tenon. Frequently attributive, esp. in mortise and tenon joint. Cf. tenon and mortise at tenon n.1 b. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > types of joint tenon and mortise1610 mortise and tenon1631 meeting1663 rustic1728 white joint1758 ground-joint1793 flat joint1825 hick-joint1842 perpend1867 struck joint1876 tuck-joint1879 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint indenting1382 scarf1497 swallowtail1548 dovetail1565 mortise-piece1577 tenon and mortise1610 culver-tail1616 mortise and tenon1631 finger joint1657 breaking joint1663 meeting1663 mitre1665 scarfing1671 heading joint1773 dovetail-joint1776 butting joint1803 bevel-joint1823 lap-joint1823 lapped mitre1825 mitre dovetail1847 bridle joint1860 mortise1875 sypher-joint1875 keyed mitre1876 tongue-and-groove1882 saddle joint1948 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 317 With Mortis and tenents. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xviii. 139/1 Fastned in them with a Mortais and Tenent. 1758 Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 200 They were joined together at the ends with mortoise and tenon. 1791 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse §158 The stones..were all curiously joined together at the ends, mortoise and tenon fashion. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. viii. 118 There is the hinge joint, and the mortice and tenon joint. 1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany xii. 200 Horizontal stones are laid across the tops of the menhirs, and fastened with mortise and tenon. 1904 B. C. A. Windle Remains Prehist. Age Eng. viii. 185 An ellipse of hewn sarsen trilithons, with mortise and tenon connections. 1946 H. C. Bosman in S. Afr. Opinion Dec. 12/1 The mortise and tenon joints as solid as when the chair was constructed over a century ago. 1990 Pract. Woodworking Mar. 18/2 Mortice and tenons are probably used more than any other joints in woodworking. ΚΠ 1725 J. Coats New Dict. Heraldry (rev. ed.) Mortaise, or Mortise, as our Carpenters and Joyners call it, is..a square Piece of Wood, with a square Hole through it. ?1828 W. Berry Encycl. Heraldica I. sig. Eee2/2 Mortises,..square figures hollowed so as to admit other like pieces to be jointed into them, like a small square let into the middle of a larger. 3. Anatomy and Surgery. The cavity formed by the distal tibia and fibula, into which the talus is inserted. Frequently attributive. ΚΠ ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Kivv In the ioynynge with the bygger bone doth they [sc. the tibia and fibula] make one holowe pyt or morteys wherin the fyrste bone of the fote is receyued. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 153/2 In flexion the astragalus rolls from before backwards in the tibio-fibular mortise. 1950 Surg., Gynecol. & Obstetr. 91 200/1 A hyalinized connective or scar tissue mass within the ankle mortise. 1976 Clin. Orthopaedics No. 118. 76 A taut interosseous membrane and deepened mortise result when the flexors of the foot contract during stance phase. 1995 Jrnl. Foot & Ankle Surg. 34 389 Fibular osteotomies were utilized to restore proper anatomic alignment and function to the ankle mortise. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint indenting1382 scarf1497 swallowtail1548 dovetail1565 mortise-piece1577 tenon and mortise1610 culver-tail1616 mortise and tenon1631 finger joint1657 breaking joint1663 meeting1663 mitre1665 scarfing1671 heading joint1773 dovetail-joint1776 butting joint1803 bevel-joint1823 lap-joint1823 lapped mitre1825 mitre dovetail1847 bridle joint1860 mortise1875 sypher-joint1875 keyed mitre1876 tongue-and-groove1882 saddle joint1948 1875 Ld. Tennyson Queen Mary iii. i. 119 And oversea they say this state of yours Hath no more mortice than a tower of cards. CompoundsΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > types of joint > [noun] seamc1050 commissure?a1425 arthrodia1565 commissary1577 gomphosis1578 inarticulation1578 suture1578 symphysis1578 synarthrosis1578 adarticulation1615 harmony1615 synchondrosis1615 enarthrosis1634 harmonia1657 mortise-articulation1658 ball and socket1664 synneurosis1676 syssarcosis1676 ginglymus1678 syndesmosis1726 ginglymus1733 hinge-joint1802 screw-joint1810 schindylesis1830 amphiarthrosis1835 pivot joint1848 synosteosis1848 synostosis1848 indigitation1849 screwed-surfaced joint1875 thorough-joint1889 1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 155 The seeds of many pappous or downy flowers lockt up in sockets after a gomphosis or mortis-articulation, diffuse themselves circularly into branches. 1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 159 Some show of the Gomphosis or mortis-articulation. 1851 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 141 746 This tenon-and-mortise articulation of the metapophysis with the zygapophysis..is repeated throughout the whole lumbar series.] mortise bolt n. a bolt that fits into a mortise; spec. one used to secure a door. ΚΠ 1857 Sci. Amer. 28 Mar. 226/3 Fifth, I claim the manner of securing the gravers..and bringing them to the exact position in the stocks..by means of the mortise bolt. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1480/2 Mortise-bolt, one let into a mortise in a door. 1997 Whitby Gaz. 25 Oct. 2/3 If we had mortice locks, window bolts and mortice bolts on the front and back doors we might have avoided this burglary. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > bones of lower leg mortise bones?1541 ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. K ivv There be two [bones in the knee] that be called ye morteys bones. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Lj In the vpper roundnes therof is affyrmed the holownesse of the pyt or morteys bones, and there the fote is moued. mortise chisel n. a chisel with a thick blade used in cutting mortises. ΚΠ 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 74 The Mortess Chissel..is a narrow Chissel but hath its Blade much thicker, and..stronger... Its Office is to cut..Mortesses in..wood. 1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. III. 151/1 Those [used] for cutting mortises are called mortise chisels. 1991 Trad. Woodworking Apr. 8 (caption) Set the pins of a marking gauge to the width of the mortise chisel to be used. mortise clamp n. a clamp mortised at the ends. ΚΠ 1858 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) at Clamp Mortise clamp. mortise-clamped adj. clamped with a mortise clamp. ΚΠ 1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 176/2 Inch mortise-clamped outside shutters, .063 per ft. super. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 602 Boards..mortise-clamped. mortise gauge n. a gauge used for marking parallel lines for cutting mortises. ΚΠ 1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 140 The Mortice Gauge..has two teeth instead of one... The use of this gauge is..for gauging mortices and tenons. 1988 D.I.Y. Today Apr. 21/4 Mortice—or double point—gauges are..used to save time when marking out tenons and grooves as they score both sides of the joint at once. mortise hole n. rare (a) = sense 1; †(b) figurative an obscure place (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > a receding part > socket base?c1335 mortisec1390 socket1448 hem1559 mortise hole1585 sock1803 shoe1858 bayonet-socket1892 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > groove, channel, or cavity mortisec1390 rabbet1453 rebate1532 scarcement?1553 riggle1555 chamfering1565 mortise hole1585 rebatement1592 chamfer1601 gain1848 score1850 champer1854 blind holes1869 chase1871 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 205/2 Columbaria... The mortesse holes: the holes wherein the endes of rafters and quarters are fastened. 1689 R. Milward Selden's Table-talk 17 They do it in a Corner, in a Mortice-hole, not in the Market-place. 1856 Brit. Patent 1402 1 To secure the rowlock in its place, mortice holes are made in both sides of the frame and in the gunwale. 1993 Speculum 68 475 A mortice hole survives in the top of the Hackness shaft. mortise joint n. a mortise and tenon joint. ΚΠ 1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. at Mortise The sides of the mortise are four planes generally at right angles to each other, and to the surface where the cavity is made. The junction of two pieces in this manner is termed a mortise joint. 1997 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 17 July 63/3 The mortice joints allow the component pieces of wood to overlap, creating a cross at each corner. mortise lock n. a lock recessed into a mortise cut in the body of a door, cabinet, etc. ΚΠ 1769 T. Jefferson Memorandum Bks. 2 Oct. (1997) I. 29 Send..for..locks of the mortise kind.] 1771 G. Wythe Let. 18 July in John Norton & Sons (1968) 169 2 Mortis locks large. 1937 D. L. Sayers Busman's Honeymoon viii. 169 ‘Ah! Is that a spring lock?’ ‘No; mortice lock. He didn't believe in them Yale things.’ 1998 V. Wallis Which? Guide to Insurance iii. 55 If you live in a high-risk area, your insurer may insist that you install five-lever mortise locks on external doors. mortise-lock bit n. rare a bit for cutting a mortise for a mortise lock. ΚΠ 1855–8 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) at Bit Those excellent tools the mortise lock bits. mortise-lock chisel n. rare a chisel for cutting a mortise for a mortise lock. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1481/1 Mortise-lock Chisel... It has a peculiar shape, in order to pull out the wood. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint indenting1382 scarf1497 swallowtail1548 dovetail1565 mortise-piece1577 tenon and mortise1610 culver-tail1616 mortise and tenon1631 finger joint1657 breaking joint1663 meeting1663 mitre1665 scarfing1671 heading joint1773 dovetail-joint1776 butting joint1803 bevel-joint1823 lap-joint1823 lapped mitre1825 mitre dovetail1847 bridle joint1860 mortise1875 sypher-joint1875 keyed mitre1876 tongue-and-groove1882 saddle joint1948 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 108 For Rafters, and Mortisse peeces [L. coagmentationes], the Elme and the Ashe, by reason of their length serues best. mortise view n. Radiology a radiograph of the ankle taken with the malleoli parallel to the film, so as to examine the tibia, fibula, and talus without superimposition. ΚΠ 1982 Clinics in Sports Med. 1 48 The routine radiographic examination of the ankle includes at least three projections, an anteroposterior, a lateral, and a mortise view. 1998 Clin. Orthopaedics No. 351. 186 Fracture reduction and fixation can be assessed adequately with lateral and mortise views. ΚΠ 1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 351 A mortise wheel..with spaces around its edge..to be filled with wooden cogs. 1892 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 30/2 That large pair of bevel mortise wheels through which the power is conveyed from the water-wheel to the line. ΚΠ 1407 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 347 (MED) Lego Petro meo apprenticio..j mortas wymbyll. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † mortisev.1 Law. Obsolete. transitive. To alienate in mortmain; = amortize v. 1. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > [verb (transitive)] > alienate in mortmain amortize1395 mortise?a1425 enmortise1439 mortmain1530 amortify1556 ?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 109 Summe morteisen hous, land, watir, & wood in to deed mennes hondis. ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 123 Here temporaltees ben mortesid, þat is, confermyd in þis deþ. c1450 in 9th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS: Pt. 1 (1883) App. 285 in Parl. Papers (C. 3773) (XXXVII.) 1 James of Pecham yaff and morteysed to the sayed brygg the manor of Nerschenden. 1496–7 Act 12 Henry VII c. 13 §17 Londis..mortised appropried or belonging to any College in any of the Universitees. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 640/2 He hath mortaysed twenty pounde a yere to founde a chaunterye. 1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. vi. f. xli Some one hathe thought that yt wolde be..profytable to the realme, that the lordes hadde the landes whose auncestours had mortysed [1557 mortisied] theym. 1546 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 411 Shall not in leasse set nor mortissie any manner landes,..nor..mortissie any of the said teithes or revnus. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2021). mortisev.2 1. a. transitive. To fasten or join securely; to fix in or join together closely and firmly; (Joinery) to join with a mortise; to fasten into or to by means of mortise and tenon; to secure (a tenon) with a mortise. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > join securely mortisea1450 tenon1596 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > join > with specific joint or method mortisea1450 culver-tail1616 scarf1627 tenon1652 dovetail1657 cock1663 shoot?1677 knee1711 indent1741 mitre1753 halve1804 box1815 tongue1823 sypher1841 cog1858 butt joint1859 jag1894 lap-join1968 a1450 York Plays (1885) 226 (MED) I fele by a figure in youre fals face, It is but foly to feste affeccioun in ȝou; For Mars he hath morteysed his mark, Eftir all lynes of my lore, And sais ȝe are wikkid of werk. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 640/2 I mortayse a thynge in byldyng, as a carpenter dothe... Mortayse this study in to this princypall. 1547 J. Harrison Exhort. Scottes sig. H v I wote not whether firme concorde be otherwise more sureli mortized in mens hartes, then when [etc.]. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 409 When King Henry had thus mortised himselfe and his issue so sure and fast, as he thought, that the same was not possible to be remooued, then [etc.]. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1387/1 Which Image was mortrest in a wall behynd the hye altare. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 20 Maiestie..is a massie wheele..To whose hough spokes, tenne thousand lesser things Are morteist and adioynd. 1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies Epist. sig. B2 We must therefore be mortaised togither..by the bands of Trueth. a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 59 Each stone having two tenons mortaised into the Architrave. a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 61 The Architrave..being mortaised into them. 1727 J. Arbuthnot Tables Anc. Coins 236 The Ship was built by halves, and the one half being finished..the other half was join'd to it by great Brass Nails..mortiz'd with Lead. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) III. 392 The Peruvians could not mortize two beams together, or give..stability to any work composed of timber. 1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 31 The door-case rails are..mortoised on the standing pillars. 1800 S. T. Coleridge tr. F. Schiller Piccolomini iii. iii. 146 So will he, falling, draw down..All us, who're fix'd and mortic'd to his fortune. 1863 Q. Rev. 114 310 The..ingenuity with which that great engineer mortised his tall tower to the wave-worn rock. 1899 R. Munro Prehistoric Scotl. x. 335 A rectangularly shaped framework of oak beams, mortised at the corners. 1938 Amer. Home Oct. 84/2 The panels were mortised smoothly into these blocks. 1956 A. J. Liebling Let. 13 Dec. in D. Roberts Jean Stafford (1988) 327 We'll see wonderful things together and mortise our minds like the rest of us. 1986 Pract. Woodworking July 350/2 The top plate of the rudder assembly can be mortised to the top of the rudder post. b. intransitive. To be fixed or fasten firmly into. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)] > fit closely together box1742 dovetail1813 mortise1861 tooth1865 mate1909 1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. vi. 229 The aisles..require a horizontal wall-space in the nave, between the arcade and the clerestory, for the roofing to mortice into. 1995 BNC Key operated security bolts which mortice into the first closing leaf top and bottom. c. intransitive. To secure a join with a mortise and tenon. rare. ΚΠ 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 479/1 But as this exposes the tenon..to the risk of being torn off, we are obliged to mortise further down. 2. transitive. To cut a mortise in or through. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > cut or furnish with tongue or groove mortise1703 tongue1733 tenor1747 tenon1770 chase1823 relish1865 plough1866 cross-tongue1901 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 23 These Posts are..made by the Piece..and ½d. per Hole for Morticing them. 1753 F. Price Brit. Carpenter (ed. 3) 6 You may mortice through both flitches. 1783 Philos. Trans. 1782 (Royal Soc.) 72 347 The cross-piece..is mortoised through, to let the rods pass. 1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 716 The several styles to be mortised..are placed side by side. 1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts v. 101 Rail fencing usually consists of cleft or sawn oak posts set at 9 ft intervals, each mortised to take three rows of rails. 1986 F. Underwood & G. Warr in A. Limon et al. Home Owner Man. (ed. 2) ii. iii. 169 Double tenons are made when the part to be tenoned is considerably wider than the part to be mortised. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1390v.1?a1425v.2a1450 |
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