mosaicn.adj.¹

Brit.

/mə(ʊ)ˈzeɪɪk/, U.S.

/moʊˈzeɪɪk/

Forms:

α. 1500s mousaique, 1500s musycke, 1500s–1600s musaique, 1600s musaic, 1600s musaick, 1600s musaïck, 1600s musaicke, 1600s musaike.

β. 1500s–1700s mosaique, 1600s mosaik, 1600s mosaike, 1600s mosaiq, 1600s–1800s mosaick, 1600s– mosaic.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French musayque, mosayque.

Etymology: < Middle French musayque, musaïque, noun (end of 15th cent. denoting mosaic work; also 1498 in faict de musayque decorated with a veneer of small squares of wood or ivory) and adjective (1509 in oeuvre musaïque : see mosaic work n.), also mosayque, mosaïque, noun (1529; French mosaïque ) and adjective (1564 in ouvrage mosayque : see mosaic work n.; French mosaïque ) < Italian †musaico , adjective (1282) and noun (1348), mosaico , noun (1554) and adjective (a1738) and its etymon post-classical Latin mosaicus , musaicus , adjective (9th cent. in musaicum opus : see mosaic work n.) < (with alteration of the suffix: see -ic suffix, and compare e.g. classical Latin Cȳrēnaicus Cyrenaic adj. beside Cȳrēnaeus ) classical Latin museus (of uncertain prosody) of or relating to mosaic (2nd cent. a.d. in opus museum : see mosaic work n.), also musaeum , museum (of uncertain prosody) type of decoration with small square-shaped stones (2nd cent. a.d., with post-classical variants musium (3rd cent.), musivum (4th cent.), mosivum (6th cent.)); further etymology uncertain: see below. Compare Old Occitan mosaico , adjective (14th cent.), Spanish †musayco , adjective and noun (15th cent.), mosaico , noun (1611). Compare mosaical adj.², mosy n.¹It has traditionally been suggested that classical Latin musaeum , museum derives < ancient Greek μουσεῖον a place holy to the Muses ( > classical Latin mūsēum , mūsīum : see museum n.), in Byzantine Greek also mosaic work (6th cent.; compare Byzantine Greek μουσάριον mosaic work (6th cent.)), on the principle that such shrines were decorated with mosaics (on which theory a parallel to the post-classical Latin form musivum may be seen in post-classical Latin archivum archive n. < ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον ), but there is insufficient evidence to support this. Thesaurus Linguae Latinae s.v. suggests that classical Latin musaeum , museum may derive from an eastern language. The form musycke (see quot. c1540 at sense A. 1a) probably represents an isolated early borrowing < Old French musique , music (in ovre de musique mosaic work (c1216: see mosaic work n.), or musique mosaic gold (c1165): see mosaic gold n.), Middle French music of or relating to mosaic < post-classical Latin mosaicus , with ending remodelled probably after Old French musique , classical Latin mūsica music n. With mosaic stone (see quot. 1585¹ at sense B. 1a) compare Middle French pierres mosaïques , plural (1572). With mosaic painting (see quot. 1615 at sense B. 1a) compare Middle French peinture mosayque (1598). Classical Latin had several expressions for mosaic pavement, according to the type of technique used, including: pavīmentum sectile (see sectile adj. and compare opus sectile n.), pavīmentum tessellātum (see tessellate adj.), emblēma vermiculātum (see emblem n., vermiculated adj.), pavīmentum lithostrōtum (compare ancient Greek λιθόστρωτος).

A. n.

a. The process of creating pictures or decorative patterns by cementing together small pieces of stone, glass, or other hard materials of various colours. Also: work produced in this way; the constructive or decorative materials from which it is made; = mosaic work n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun]

mosaicc1540

mosaical work1604

mosaic work1606

musive1622

pietra commessac1660

pietra dura1730

tessellation1813

Cosmati1927

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1662 Within this palis..was a proude halle..With a flore þat was fret all of fyne stones, Pauyt prudly all with proude colours, Made after musycke, men on to loke.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. vii. f.37^v A church..which esteemed to be the fayrest..in al those Ilands.., being artificially made of Mosaique.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xx. 57 The Images of Mosaique and other flat pictures.

1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. vii. xv. 306 It is built throughout of the curious worke called Musaique [note Mousaique], or Marqueterie.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 141 The seeling..is in many places gilt and painted in Mosaick.

1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 75 The name of Mosaic is given to all works composed of little inlaid pieces, whether they be of stone, wood, ivory, enamel, or any other natural or artificial matter.

1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 282 Some of the apartments are painted in fresco, with floors in mosaic.

1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 535 The Mosaic is sometimes used as a sort of veneer over the whole surface of an article, and at others, simply as an inlaid bordering on cedar or ivory.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 854/2 The modern so-called ‘Roman mosaic’ is formed of short and slender sticks of coloured glass fixed in cement, the ends, which form the pattern, being finally rubbed down and polished.

1969 K. Clark Civilisation ii. 36 The floors were of mosaic with figures, like a Roman pavement.

1991 Business Traveller Jan. 44/2 This remarkable Modernista concert hall designed by Domenech i Montaner with heavy use of mosaic, stained glass and ceramic.

b. figurative and in extended use. A variegated structure, pattern, etc., reminiscent of that used in or produced by mosaic.

ΚΠ

1650 R. Heath Epigrams ii. 36 in Clarastella Your face is all Mosaick, coloured With shining unguents.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 700 Each beauteous flour, Iris all hues, Roses, and Gessamin Rear'd high thir flourisht heads between, and wrought Mosaic .

a1711 T. Ken Sion i, in Wks. (1721) IV. 332 From various Flowers which she together brought, In sweet Mosaick she a story wrought.

1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty iv. 23 The pine-apple, which nature has particularly distinguished by bestowing ornaments of rich mosaic upon it.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 489 The disc of bone removed was cut into pieces and packed in mosaic in the wound [sc. a trephine-hole in the skull].

1993 W. Nash in Lang. & Lit. (BNC) 2 In all the Odes there is scarcely a strophe, perhaps hardly a line, that does not transmute word order into word mosaic, a deliberate fragmentation [etc.].

c. Work in any of various materials analogous to traditional mosaic in method of production, or resembling it in appearance. Frequently with distinguishing word, as paper mosaic, mirror mosaic, straw mosaic, wood mosaic, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] > work analogous to

mosaic1665

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 138 If Mosaick be in wood 'tis called Tersia: the several pieces of which are boil'd and dyed into what colour the workman fancies.

1875 W. Bemrose (title) Mosaicon: or paper mosaic, and how to make it.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1484/1 The Tunbridge wood-mosaic is made of colored parallelopipeds of wood glued together so as to show a pattern at their ends or sections.

1889 Cent. Dict. 33 Straw mosaic, fine straw in different shades of color attached by glue to a cardboard foundation.

1908 N.E.D. at Mosaic sb. Applied to work in various other materials.., as paper, straw, wood, wool mosaic.

1997 Bits & Pieces Catal. 22/1 This captivating box is inlaid with an intricate wood mosaic pattern known as Yosegi handcraft, imported directly from Japan.

a. A picture, pattern, design, or work of art executed in mosaic; a piece of mosaic work.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] > piece of mosaic work

mosaic1659

mosaic work1687

1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida ii. iv. 150 All which with Gold, and purer Azure brought From Persian Artists, in Mosaicks wrought.

1699 M. Lister Journey to Paris (new ed.) 124 By the application of a good Eye-glass, I could readily distinguish the squares of all colours, as in other Mosaiques.

1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful ii. §18. 64 Much of gilding, mosaics, painting or statues, contribute but little to the sublime.

1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting II. i. 17 [He] fitted up entire windows with them, and with mosaics of plain glass of different colours.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 155 A Mosaic lately found, representing one of Alexander's battles.

1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches 318 Modern mosaics have nearly always a great deal of gold.

1949 E. Blunden After Bombing 49 Marbles, mosaics, carvings, seraph-bright Paintings of wall and window.

1988 S. Afr. Panorama May 27/1 An impressive mosaic of South Africa's coat-of-arms covers a large part of one wall of the foyer.

2000 Oxoniensia 64 42 It is explicitly stated that tesserae were found (but whether from a mosaic or from a coarse tessellated floor is not clear).

b. figurative. Something suggestive of a mosaic; a variegated whole formed from many disparate parts; spec. (originally and chiefly Canadian) a society consisting of a number of culturally distinct groups.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > close, intimate, or permanent joining > close fitting together of parts > (like) a mosaic

mosaica1678

intarsia1958

a1678 A. Marvell Appleton House 582 What Rome, Greece, Palestine, ere said I in this light Mosaick read.

1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 44 He [sc. Pitt in 1766] made an administration, so checkered..; a cabinet so variously inlaid; such a piece of diversified Mosaic;..that it was indeed a very curious show.

1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. vi. 156 We do not enough conceive for ourselves that variegated mosaic of the world's surface which a bird sees in its migration.

1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity I. 352 He does so in a mosaic of magnificent quotations from the..Psalms.

1888 Harper's Weekly 3 Nov. 835/4 They form a polyglot community—Swedes, Danes, Norwegians, Poles, Polaks, Hungarians, Bohemians, Germans, Irish, and negroes. Unlike many places where similar human mosaics are marked by disorders and endless feuds, here they form a peaceful and moral community.

1922 V. Hayward Romantic Canada xxiv. 187 It is indeed a mosaic of vast dimensions and great breadth, essayed of the Prairie.

1961 P. Marshall Soul clap Hands & Sing (1962) 21 Some vital part which shaped the simple mosaic of his life seemed suddenly missing.

1992 Economist 11 Apr. 121/2 A Canadian novelist, Mordecai Richler, has put together not an anthology in any formal sense but a mosaic of experience, factual and fictional.

2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 23 Jan. a15 Canada's continuous push to be viewed as a cultural mosaic and not a melting pot.

3. In scientific and technical use.

a. A structure or arrangement resembling a mosaic.

ΘΚΠ

mosaic1877

1877 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (1878) iii. ii. 420 The mosaic of rods and cones is the basis of distinct vision.

1888 J. Lubbock Senses Animal (1889) vii. 166 Plateau..states that, according to Müller, the mosaic is formed by a number of partial images, each occupying the base of one of the elements composing the compound eye.

1891 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Mosaic of muscle compartments, the polygonal areas surrounded by dark lines seen on fresh section of a muscular fibre, without addition of reagents or with acetic acid alone.

1891 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Mosaic of pigment cells of eye, the appearance presented by the inner surface of the choroid tunic.

1896 J. W. Kirkaldy & E. C. Pollard tr. J. E. V. Boas Text Bk. Zool. 384 The buccal teeth are low knobs (sometimes pointed) or plates, which are arranged in several rows and form a mosaic over the edges of the jaws.

1909 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 15/1 Thus arise the beautiful ‘leaf-mosaics’, e.g., of English ivy or of maple, in which no leaf unduly shades another.

1972 Sci. Amer. May 56/2 A mosaic of plates forms the earth's lithosphere, or outer shell.

1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xiv. 456/1 The factors involved in the resolution of spatial details or, as it is called, visual acuity: optical..anatomic (receptor mosaic), and functional.

1995 Mineral. Mag. 59 69 The original albite has been replaced by a mosaic of irregular microcline subgrains.

b. Genetics. Originally: †a hybrid organism (esp. a plant) or part displaying a patchy distribution of different phenotypic characteristics inherited from the parents (obsolete). Later: an organism (esp. an animal) or part having cells or tissues that differ in genetic constitution or expression. Cf. chimera n. 3d.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > combination of different genetic types > cases of

mosaic1902

chimera1911

1902 W. Bateson & E. R. Saunders Rep. to Evol. Comm. Royal Soc. No. 1. 23 These mosaics occurred as rarities both on prickly individuals and on smooth ones still more rarely.

1929 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 15 871 Those [mutations] occurring in the cells of the wings make the wings mosaics of wild-type and miniature tissue.

1946 R. R. Gates Human Genetics I. ix. 281 Case I. 1 was an albino and it is said that two of her children were albino mosaics, the girl having half her hair white and half black, with one blue eye and one black.

1949 C. D. Darlington & K. Mather Elements of Genetics v. 112 In animals the effects of somatic mutation are slightly different [from those in plants]... The changed cells give flakes and sectors instead of layers and the product is known as a mosaic instead of a chimaera.

1974 S. L. Robbins Pathol. Basis Dis. vi. 187/2 Approximately 2 per cent of ‘mongoloids’ are mosaics (trisomy 21/normal).

1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) x. 577 Because the inactive X chromosome is faithfully inherited, every female is a mosaic composed of clonal groups of cells.

c. Photography. A screen containing a pattern of small filters of each of the primary colours, formerly used in the mosaic system of colour photography (see B. 5). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > filters

filter1874

light filter1874

colour screen1884

colour filter1891

mosaic screen1908

mosaic1911

sky filter1915

polarizer1935

polarizing filter1939

skylight filter1950

1911 A. Watkins Photography (ed. 5) xii. 227 The Thames colour plate. This is a regular mosaic, formed by three printings (each being dyed) on bichromated colloid; the pattern originating with a 200-line half-tone screen.

1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour iii. 30 The Autochrome plate, which consisted of a random mosaic of red, green and blue starch grains with the interstices filled with carbon black, came on the market in 1907.

1973 D. A. Spencer Focal Dict. Photogr. Technol. 395 After exposure through this mosaic the emulsion is reversal processed to a positive transparency.

d. = mosaic disease n. at Compounds 2. Also: the mottled discoloration characteristic of mosaic disease.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > characterized by part affected or appearance produced

jaundice1600

black rot1769

root rot1831

leaf blight1849

leaf curl1850

black heart1862

icterus1866

albication1877

footrot1883

curl-leaf1886

silver top1890

stem-sickness1890

sleeping disease1899

mosaic1900

leaf mosaic1902

scorch1906

blotch1909

little leaf1911

ringspot1913

crinkle1920

vein banding1928

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > viral diseases

rosette disease1891

mosaic disease1894

mosaic1900

bunchy top1919

spotted wilt1919

streak disease1923

streak1930

streak virus1930

kromnek disease1932

wound-tumour disease1945

exocortis1948

1900 Science 5 Jan. 17/2 In the disease of the tobacco leaf known as Calico, or Mosaic, the lighter-colored areas are found to contain more starch in the form of granules than do the green areas of the same leaf.

1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vi. 49 In America it is suspected of being the vector of a virus disease between clover (Trifolium) and lucerne (Medicago), it also transmits pea mosaic.

1940 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Jan. 5/6 First reports of a new disease spreading into Pennsylvania peach orchards have located the dread ‘mosaic’ in the Spring Grove section of York county.

1984 D. A. Roberts & C. W. Boothroyd Fund. Plant Pathol. (ed. 2) iii. 35 Mosaic, a chlorotic symptom of many virus-induced diseases, is an uneven color development.

2006 L. Collier & J. Oxford Human Virol. (ed. 3) i. 4/1 Iwanowski in Russia and Beijerinck in Holland both showed that a plant infection, tobacco mosaic, could be transmitted by extracts that had been passed through a Chamberland filter, and hence could not contain bacteria.

e. Ecology. An area in which two or more types of vegetation or habitat, esp. distinct plant communities or associations, are interspersed.

ΚΠ

1897 Amer. Naturalist 31 983 The floral covering may truthfully be likened to a mosaic in which the various pieces are formations.]

1914 Jrnl. Ecol. 2 228 Observations on serpentine and other rocks show the same admixture or mosaic of so-called calcicolous (haloid) and calcifuge (geloid) xerophytic habitats and species.

1989 B. Stonehouse Polar Ecol. (BNC) 84 Arctic tundra vegetation is a mosaic of plant communities, usually compact, wind-sculptured, and less than 1m high.

1997 Eng. Nature Jan. 9/1 [He] has been directly responsible for the design of some 28 ha specifically to attract a wide range of wildlife species using a mosaic of different wetland habitats.

f. Chiefly in aerial surveying: a composite photograph or map, esp. one made up of a number of separate aerial photographs from overlapping areas.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject

high key1849

carte1861

carte-de-visite1861

wedding group1861

vignette1862

studio portrait1869

press photograph1873

cameo-type1874

war picture1883

mug1887

panel1888

snapshot1890

fuzz-type1893

stickyback1903

action photograph1904

action picture1904

scenic1913

still1916

passport photo1919

mosaic1920

press photo1923

oblique1925

action shot1927

passport photograph1927

profile shot1928

smudgea1931

glossy1931

photomontage1931

photomural1931

head shot1936

pin-up1943

mug shot1950

wedding photograph1956

wedding photo1966

full-frontal1970

photofit1970

split beaver1972

upskirt1994

selfie2002

1920 H. E. Ives Airplane Photogr. xxvi. 316 For a mosaic of any size an accurate outline map must be drawn on the surface of which the prints are to be attached.

1920 Flight 12 187/2 He then showed the similarities and differences between a photographic mosaic and a map, and outlined the various difficulties that had to be contended with.

1946 W. G. Wahlenberg Longleaf Pine 240 Where recent aerial mosaics are available, the ground work may be confined to representative transects that can be definitely located on the photographs.

1972 Nature 18 Feb. 391/2 Electron micrographs of the inner plexiform layer at a magnification of 25,000 times were used to construct mosaics covering the area from the ganglion cell layer to the vitreal margin.

1999 Britannica Online (Version 99.1) at Aerial Surveying For greater accuracy the centres of the photographs may be aligned by the use of slotted templates..to produce a photomap called a controlled mosaic.

g. In some television camera tubes (e.g. the iconoscope): an array of many small photoemissive metal plates, each of which temporarily stores a charge dependent on the amount of light falling on it, that forms the target plate. Also: an array of piezoelectric transducers in a detector of ultrasound.

ΚΠ

1928 Discovery Nov. 337/1 Carey's idea was to replace the mosaic of the retina by a mosaic of a large number of minute selenium cells..and, further, to replace the nerve fibres by separately insulated electric wires carrying an electric current from a battery, and to use this device to vary the light given by a number of very minute electric lamps..so placed that each lamp would correspond in position to each of the selenium cells.

1933 Proc. Wireless Section Inst. Electr. Engineers 8 220/2 The charge acquired by each element of the mosaic is released by the cathode-ray beam once in each repetition of the picture.

1953 S. W. Amos & D. C. Birkinshaw Television Engin. i. iv. 54 The mosaic must be of very fine construction with a number of individual cells to each element otherwise the cells show up in the reproduced image as a grain.

1961 G. N. Patchett Television Servicing III. vii. 197 The mosaic is composed of antimony islands which are made photo~sensitive with caesium.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XIII. 464/2 The mosaic is electrically coupled to the signal plate by electrostatic capacitance between the two.

1969 J. S. Wood tr. L. D. Rozenberg Sources of High-intensity Ultrasound II. ii. iv. 215 The construction of ultrasonic receivers in which a kind of ‘mosaic’ was used, consisting of several piezoelectric cylinders mounted on a large-diameter diaphragm.

B. adj.¹ (attributive).

a. Of, relating to, or of the nature of mosaic; produced in or decorated with mosaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [adjective]

musive1511

mosaic1585

mosaicala1586

tesseled1603

tesseraica1711

tessellated1712

tesserated1717

tessellate1826

mosaicked1849

Cosmatesque1883

tesserate1897

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xvi. f. 17^v The court is pauid with Mosaique stone.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xx. 57 S. Sophia..within is most artificially made with Mosaique figures.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 31 Mosaike painting: an antique kind of worke, composed of little square peeces of marble.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 173 And join it by Mosaic Art, In graceful Order, Part to Part.

a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 42 We saw many Granite Pillars and remnants of Mosaic floors.

1779 Farmer's Mag. Mar. 37 At the west end of the castle are the remains of very magnificent apartments..adorned with Mosaic pictures.

1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 535 The inlaid or Mosaic work-boxes, card-cases, writing-desks, &c.

1893 Archaeologia 53 566 The mosaic panel is not worn at all.

1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing xii. 137 The mosaic floors and faïenced walls convey even to-day an image of perfection.

1990 Antique Winter 123/1 The art of mosaic mural designs and representations constructed of small coloured stones and glass..had already appeared in Italy by the end of the Roman Empire.

b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective]

sunderlyeOE

manifoldeOE

selcoutha1000

felefoldc1000

mislichOE

alkinOE

manykinOE

fele-kync1175

serekina1300

sundera1325

sundrya1325

serea1340

divers1340

varyingc1340

variantc1380

muchfoldc1384

serelepesa1400

serelepya1400

multifaryc1460

sundryfoldc1460

multiplicate?a1475

variable?a1475

sundrilyc1480

diversea1542

particoloured1591

multifarious1593

Protean1594

daedal1596

choiceful1605

Daedalian1605

multiplex1606

variated1608

diversified1611

multiplicious1617

variousa1634

multivarious1636

mosaic1644

multiple1647

omnigenous1650

chequered1656

plurifarious1656

ununiform1660

variate1677

disuniform1687

Proteusian1689

unsteady1690

unequable1693

inequable1721

variegating1727

varied1733

multitudinous1744

multifold1806

polygeneous1818

unequalized1822

ruleless1836

varicoloured185.

non-uniform1856

omnigener1857

polytypic1858

multiferous1860

variatious1871

variegated1872

polytypical1890

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [adjective] > closely, intimately, or permanently joined > fitting closely together > as a mosaic

mosaic1644

1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 141 And from it Eloquence receives her beauteous colours, her Musive or Mosaique Excellency.

1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 41 After a farrago of English, Greek, and Latin—‘You'l pardon this way of writing—I never use it but in an Epistolary Way. I rem. a Gent. lately found fault w^th it: and call'd it Mosaic’.

1827 T. Carlyle Richter in Edinb. Rev. June 190 Let the mosaic brain of old Burton give forth the workings of this strange union.

1882 W. T. Dobson Poet. Ingenuities 225 The next..is a mosaic compilation from poems written to the memory of Robert Burns.

1943 A. Koestler Arrival & Departure iii. 93 Gradually the mosaic-pieces of the story formed into a pattern, like the stitches on her embroidery.

1988 P. Brook Shifting Point (1989) 158 The complexity of their behaviour is not indicated in the words [of the play], it emerges from the mosaic construction of an infinite number of details.

c. Designating various types of materials, work, etc., having or forming colours or patterns resembling those of mosaic work.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > variegation > [adjective]

fawa700

medleyc1350

freckledc1380

motleyc1380

pied1382

specked1382

vary1382

partyc1385

parted1393

peckleda1400

polymitec1425

sere-colouredc1425

vairc1425

discoloured?1440

motleyed1447

varying1488

sheld1507

fleckered1508

piet1508

mellay1515

particoloured1530

pickled1552

varied1578

mingled1580

partly coloured1582

chequered1592

medley-coloured1593

mingle-coloured1593

piebald1594

feathered1610

changeable1612

particolour1612

enamelled1613

variousa1618

pie-coloured1619

jaspered1620

gangean1623

versicolour1628

patchwork1634

damasked1648

variously-coloureda1660

variegateda1661

agated1665

varicoloured1665

damaska1674

various-coloureda1711

pieted1721

versicoloured1721

diversicoloured1756

mosaic1776

harlequin1779

spanged1788

calico1807

piety1811

varied-coloured1811

discolorate1826

heterochromous1842

jaspé1851

discolor1859

discolorous1860

jasperoid1876

damascened1879

heterochromatic1895

variotinted1903

batik1914

varihued1921

rumbled1930

damasky1931

pepper-and-salt1940

partihued1959

1776 C. Powys Let. in Passages from Diaries Mrs. Powys (1899) 171 Gothic elbow-chairs painted in mosaic brown and white.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 390/2 This is..the plan on which the so-called ‘mosaic carpet’ is made.

1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 350/2 Mosaic Canvas. The finest descriptions of canvas employed for Embroidery, whether of silk, thread, or cotton, have acquired the popular appellation of Mosaic.

c1890 tr. T. de Dillmont Encycl. Needlework 133 Mosaic stitch.., the first row consists of one short and one long stitch, alternately; the second, of short stitches only, set between the long stitches of the first row; the third row is a repetition of the first, and so on.

1900 E. Jackson Hist. Hand-made Lace 127 The Lace resembling Duchesse made in Venice in the present day is called Mosaic lace, on account of small sprigs being used to build up the pattern as the pieces of stone and glass are used in Mosaic work.

1934 M. Thomas Dict. Embroidery Stitches 151 Mosaic filling, a drawn fabric stitch.

1961 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors (ed. 3) 136 Mosaic bindings, leather bindings decorated with contrasting colours, whether inlaid, onlaid or painted.

1992 M. Margetts Classic Crafts 26/2 The most familiar is pieced or mosaic patchwork, in which the entire surface is made up of small interlocking units of fabric.

2. Zoology. Designating or relating to a theory or mechanism of vision in the compound eye of arthropods, in which each ommatidium is regarded as forming an image only of the small part of the visual field in line with its axis, the partial images being combined to produce a complete visual image.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [adjective] > of parts of > of or relating to manner of vision

mosaic1880

1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish iii. 12 The theory of mosaic vision propounded by Johannes Müller.

1888 J. Lubbock Senses Animal (1889) vii. 166 Plateau regards the mosaic theory of Müller as definitely abandoned, but seems rather to have had in his mind that of Gottsche.

1960 D. C. Braungart & R. Buddeke Introd. Animal Biol. (ed. 5) xi. 160/1 Since the image is not formed by a single optical unit but by the joint action of a number of adjacent units the result is a ‘mosaic image’ in which the integral parts composing the mosaic are the images furnished by the individual ommatidia involved.

1970 O. Sacks Migraine iii. 94 The term mosaic vision denotes the fracture of the visual image into irregular, crystalline, polygonal facets.

1984 V. B. Wigglesworth Insect Physiol. (ed. 8) x. 173 This elaborate system..will give a degree of resolution that is very much finer than what would be possible under the mosaic theory of Müller and Exner.

3. Embryology. Of, relating to, or characterized by a mode of development in which regions in an embryo are predetermined by the corresponding regions in that embryo at an earlier stage of development.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo development processes > [adjective]

quickOE

palaeogenetic1882

mosaic1893

protonic1902

previable1910

inductive1931

1893 Jrnl. Morphol. 8 579 (heading) Amphioxus, and the mosaic theory of development.

1904 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 1 2 Similar views were more or less clearly expressed by Van Beneden, Flemming, Platner and others prior to the definite formulation of the mosaic-theory of development by Roux in 1888.

1904 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 1 2 Such ‘mosaic eggs’ as those of mollusks or ctenophores.

1933 J. H. Woodger tr. L. von Bertalanffy Mod. Theories Devel. x. 143 After injury we obtain partial embryos from mosaic eggs and whole embryos from the regulative ones.

1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. xiii. 422 Eggs of this kind, in which the cytoplasm is clearly divided into different regions required for the development of specific regions of the embryo, are known as mosaic eggs.

1989 E. Lawrence Guide Mod. Biol. x. 302 This type of development is often termed mosaic development, and such eggs as mosaic eggs, as they appear to comprise a collection of independently developing parts.

4. Genetics. Originally (of a hybrid): †having a patchy distribution of phenotypic characteristics of both parents (obsolete). Later: designating an organism or part composed of cells of different genetic constitution or expression.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [adjective] > mosaicism

mosaic1902

1902 W. Bateson & E. R. Saunders Rep. to Evol. Comm. Royal Soc. No. 1. 23 Among the large number of capsules examined, there were some of the mosaic type, in which part of the capsule was prickly and the remainder smooth.

1903 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30 143 In another sort of hybrids the parental characters may reappear side by side—these are the so-called ‘mosaic’ hybrids.

1930 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 16 784 A few individuals have also been experimentally produced which were haploid (XA) in certain mosaic segments of the body which was elsewhere diploid.

1968 M. W. Strickberger Genetics xxi. 468 Gynandromorphs differ from intersexes in the sense that gynandromorphs are obviously mosaic.

1974 S. L. Robbins Pathol. Basis Dis. vi. 178/1 Nondisjunction after zygote formation yields a mosaic individual who has more than one chromosome count in his body cells.

2001 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Genetics 104 250 They were mosaic for the Rh blood group phenotype: one erythrocyte population was D-positive and the other was D-negative.

5. Photography. Designating or relating to a method of colour photography in which a screen, containing a pattern of small filters of each of the primary colours, is placed in front of the emulsion for both exposure and viewing. Frequently in mosaic process, mosaic screen. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > filters

filter1874

light filter1874

colour screen1884

colour filter1891

mosaic screen1908

mosaic1911

sky filter1915

polarizer1935

polarizing filter1939

skylight filter1950

1908 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 3 Jan. (Suppl.) 13 To make the Krayn mosaic screen..line-screens are again cemented together and form a block.

1935 Discovery July 188/2 The well-known ‘screen’ or ‘mosaic’ processes, in which the photograph is recorded through a regular or irregular pattern of coloured rulings or grains.

1942 C. B. Neblette Photogr. (ed. 4) xxxii. 786 The irregular mosaic screens are made from a mixture of small colored particles.

1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour iii. 30 In photography, the mosaic processes have had a long and distinguished career.

1973 D. A. Spencer Focal Dict. Photogr. Technol. 395 The mosaic elements then act as the viewing filters.

6. Ecology. Designating or relating to an area in which patches of two or more types of vegetation or habitat, esp. distinct plant communities, are interspersed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > [adjective] > conditions of

waterish1579

supralittoral1839

trophic1902

thermostabile1908

oligotrophic1911

saprobic1913

mosaic1919

mesic1926

xeric1926

trophogenic1930

tropholytic1931

saprobiotic1940

oligotropic1948

saprotrophic1948

mixohaline1959

thermoneutral1961

eutrophicated1967

1919 A. G. Vestal Phytogeogr. E. Mountain Front in Colorado 186 A second factor contributing to the mixed effect is the frequent extremely local variability of physical conditions within the habitat. This might be called mosaic variability, and its effect a mosaic mixture of vegetation-type.

1930 Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 24 496 Good examples for [sic] mosaic complexes are furnished by the..Scandinavian bogs, maritime rocks, etc.

1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 41 As one moves north from the rain forest and into the tropical woodlands and savannah mosaic regions, the trees become fewer and smaller.

1997 Plant Ecol. 132 97 The dynamics of the forest zone, which had a mosaic structure consisting of Picea- and Larix-dominated patches, is characterized by patches transforming from one to another.

7. Designating a composite photograph or map, esp. one made up of a number of separate aerial photographs from overlapping areas.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [adjective] > aerial photographs

mosaic1920

vertical1925

1920 H. E. Ives Airplane Photogr. xxvi. 316 (heading) Arranging prints for a mosaic map.

1930 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 207 A photographic survey was made for a railway company, the mosaic strip..being produced on a scale of 130 inches to the mile.

1934 Discovery June 15/1 The chief photographic contribution..is an aerial mosaic map of an area of about 200 square miles.

1972 Sci. Amer. Mar. 10/2 In the past six months the first complete aerial-mosaic map of Manhattan Island has been assembled, and photographic prints are being made on a scale that brings out a wealth of interesting detail.

1988 Canad. Aviation May 55/2 (advt.) Needed: Navigator/Copilot with survey experience at low level & navigating from mosaic maps required.

8. Crystallography. Characterized by or relating to small blocks of perfect lattices set at very slight angles to one another.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [adjective] > miscellaneous other

primitive1807

subtractive1807

based1810

emarginated1816

planoconvex1816

primary1823

hemisystematic1878

face-centred1913

body-centred1918

mosaic1934

1934 W. P. Davey Study Crystal Struct. xii. 363 It will be of interest..to examine the various ways in which crystals may be grown in the hope of finding mechanisms of crystal growth which will lead easily to the mosaic type rather than the perfect type of structure.

1938 W. A. Wooster Text-bk. Crystal Physics ii. 62 The mosaic crystal was imagined to be built up of a number of small blocks of perfect crystal, of not more than some 500 a.u. side, arranged nearly parallel to each other.

1964 R. C. Evans Introd. Crystal Chem. (ed. 2) ix. 206 As normally prepared, a crystal has a pronounced mosaic structure.

1970 R. A. Laudise Growth Single Crystals i. 17 There is a continuous series of states of order between mosaic structures and structures showing conventional low-angle grain boundaries.

1997 Physica B. 234–6 582 The crystal is made up of several grains, the mosaic spread η is 200'.

Compounds

C1.

† mosaic-drawn adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xix. 265 In the rich woof a hound Mosaic drawn [Gk. δαίδαλον] Bore on full stretch, and seiz'd a dappl'd fawn.

mosaic-floored adj.

ΚΠ

1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Feb. 5/2 A glass-covered, mosaic-floored, plant-furnished promenade.

1975 Times 29 July 4/1 The marble and mosaic-floored corridors of the Peace Palace.

mosaic-paved adj.

ΚΠ

1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) IV. 157 Ponderous gates, that led into a Mosaic-paved court.

1884 A. T. de Vere King Oswald in Poet. Wks. 280 The ash-strewn cities radiant late with arts Extinct this day; bath, circus, theatre Mosaic-paved.

C2.

mosaic disease n. [after German Mosaikkrankheit (A. Mayer 1886, in Landwirtschaftlichen Versuchsstationen 32 453)] any of various virus diseases of plants, characterized by a mottled pattern of discoloration on the leaves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > viral diseases

rosette disease1891

mosaic disease1894

mosaic1900

bunchy top1919

spotted wilt1919

streak disease1923

streak1930

streak virus1930

kromnek disease1932

wound-tumour disease1945

exocortis1948

1894 Jrnl. Mycol. 7 382 The first symptom [of a disease of tobacco] is a geographic or mosaic coloring of the leaf surface, light and dark green... The name ‘mosaic disease’ was given by Dr. Mayer.

1970 H. Liebscher & F. Koehler tr. G. Fröhlich & W. Rodewald Pests & Dis. Trop. Crops 39 A number of virus diseases, such as mosaic disease, infectious chlorosis, and ‘heart rot’, manifest themselves by retarded growth, discoloration, and leaf curl.

1996 P. H. Duesberg Inventing AIDS Virus iii. 69 Iwanowski gathered fluid from tobacco plants suffering the mosaic disease.

mosaic evolution n. Biology evolution in which different characteristics and structures of an organism evolve at different rates.

ΚΠ

1963 E. Mayr Animal Species & Evol. xix. 598 There is not a steady and harmonious change of all parts of the ‘type’, as envisioned by the school of idealistic morphology, but rather a ‘mosaic evolution’. Every evolutionary type is a mosaic of primitive and advanced characters, of general and specialized features.

1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xxxiii. 457 The human character appears in some features (the gait) before others (size of brain); this is the phenomenon called mosaic evolution.

1996 A. Walker & P. Shipman Wisdom of Bones xii. 207 If ramidus..has a rather apelike vestibular system..then the old argument about mosaic evolution can be raised.

mosaic glass n. a kind of ornamental glassware, similar to millefiore, made by fusing together rods of variously coloured glass, then cutting the fused rods into cross-sections.

ΚΠ

1846 Q. Rev. June–Sept. 78 444 The rich mosaic glass of the triforium windows was replaced by plain.

1937 Antiques Feb. 80/2 From the first, mosaic glass must have been highly esteemed.

1995 C. Bray Dict. Glass 160 The process of making mosaic glass is thought to date back to the 15th century BC.

mosaic tile n. a type of tile made from different coloured clays forming a variegated pattern; (also) any of the small tiles or tesserae from which a mosaic design is formed.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1484/2 Mosaic Tile, a tile molded with different colored clays, arranged in patterns in imitation of the associated pieces of colored stones in true mosaic.

1957 Women's Day July 20/1 Now, in home decoration, you can use these small mosaic tiles known as ‘tesserae’ to create..wall panels, table tops, gay kitchen counter surfaces.

2000 N.Y. Mag. 3 Apr. 104 (caption) The owners have wisely preserved Depression–era details like a mosaic tile floor.

mosaic virus n. a virus causing mosaic disease; cf. tobacco mosaic virus n. at tobacco n. Compounds 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > [noun] > types of

latent virus1750

influenza virus1880

poxvirus1891

filter-passer1906

mosaic virus1914

bacteriophage1921

herpes virus1925

Rous sarcoma virus1925

Rous virus1925

papillomavirus1935

poliovirus1939

Semliki Forest virus1944

actinophage1947

mycophage1947

mengovirus1949

tumour virus1950

Zika1952

mycobacteriophage1953

Sindbis virus1953

myxovirus1954

echovirus1955

RNA virus1955

adenovirus1956

SV1956

arborvirus1957

enterovirus1957

foamy virus1957

respiratory syncytial virus1957

polyoma1958

parainfluenza1959

reovirus1959

arbovirus1960

cytomegalovirus1960

TMV1960

vacuolating agent or virus1960

Coxsackie virus1961

rhinovirus1961

RSV1961

papovavirus1962

paramyxovirus1962

picornavirus1962

mycophage1963

parvovirus1965

rhabdovirus1966

Ross River virus1966

coronavirus1968

EBV1968

Epstein–Barr virus1968

leukovirus1968

CMV1969

arenovirus1970

oncornavirus1970

togavirus1970

alphavirus1971

calicivirus1971

Dane particle1971

flavivirus1971

flavovirus1971

maedi1971

orbivirus1971

mycovirus1972

visna-maedi virus1972

flu virus1973

maedi-visna virus1973

corona1974

orthopoxvirus1974

rotavirus1974

whitepox1974

retravirus1975

Ebola virus1976

morbillivirus1976

retrovirus1976

Ebola1977

lentivirus1979

reassortant1979

HTLV1980

morbilli1981

filovirus1982

LAV1983

CV1985

HIV1986

HIV virus1987

C-192020

Covid2020

Covid-192020

CV-192020

1914 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 41 438 He found that heating mosaic virus to the boiling point rendered it harmless.

1964 E. Salisbury Weeds & Aliens (ed. 2) i. 16 The mosaic virus that causes necrosis of the leaves of Deadly Nightshade can also flourish in tissues of the Black Nightshade.

2001 New Scientist 24 Feb. 86/1 (advt.) Your main duties..will include:..To investigate the biology of soil–borne wheat mosaic virus.

mosaic wool-work n. a type of work used in rugs, carpets, etc., in which coloured threads are arranged side by side in a compact mass so that the ends or cross-section shows a pattern resembling that of mosaic.

ΚΠ

1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Mosaic wool-work.

Derivatives

moˈsaic-like adj.

ΚΠ

1901 Scribner's Mag. 29 512/2 A delicate mosaic-like effect was obtained.

1951 S. Spender World within World iii. 143 They [sc. portraits] brought out something grandiose, almost Byzantine, mosaic-like about her appearance.

1994 Denver Post 23 Jan. t3/6 A mosaiclike wall has been constructed of tombstone fragments from long-past centuries.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mosaic
释义	mosaicn.adj.¹ Brit. /mə(ʊ)ˈzeɪɪk/, U.S. /moʊˈzeɪɪk/ Forms: α. 1500s mousaique, 1500s musycke, 1500s–1600s musaique, 1600s musaic, 1600s musaick, 1600s musaïck, 1600s musaicke, 1600s musaike. β. 1500s–1700s mosaique, 1600s mosaik, 1600s mosaike, 1600s mosaiq, 1600s–1800s mosaick, 1600s– mosaic. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French musayque, mosayque. Etymology: < Middle French musayque, musaïque, noun (end of 15th cent. denoting mosaic work; also 1498 in faict de musayque decorated with a veneer of small squares of wood or ivory) and adjective (1509 in oeuvre musaïque : see mosaic work n.), also mosayque, mosaïque, noun (1529; French mosaïque ) and adjective (1564 in ouvrage mosayque : see mosaic work n.; French mosaïque ) < Italian †musaico , adjective (1282) and noun (1348), mosaico , noun (1554) and adjective (a1738) and its etymon post-classical Latin mosaicus , musaicus , adjective (9th cent. in musaicum opus : see mosaic work n.) < (with alteration of the suffix: see -ic suffix, and compare e.g. classical Latin Cȳrēnaicus Cyrenaic adj. beside Cȳrēnaeus ) classical Latin museus (of uncertain prosody) of or relating to mosaic (2nd cent. a.d. in opus museum : see mosaic work n.), also musaeum , museum (of uncertain prosody) type of decoration with small square-shaped stones (2nd cent. a.d., with post-classical variants musium (3rd cent.), musivum (4th cent.), mosivum (6th cent.)); further etymology uncertain: see below. Compare Old Occitan mosaico , adjective (14th cent.), Spanish †musayco , adjective and noun (15th cent.), mosaico , noun (1611). Compare mosaical adj.², mosy n.¹It has traditionally been suggested that classical Latin musaeum , museum derives < ancient Greek μουσεῖον a place holy to the Muses ( > classical Latin mūsēum , mūsīum : see museum n.), in Byzantine Greek also mosaic work (6th cent.; compare Byzantine Greek μουσάριον mosaic work (6th cent.)), on the principle that such shrines were decorated with mosaics (on which theory a parallel to the post-classical Latin form musivum may be seen in post-classical Latin archivum archive n. < ancient Greek ἀρχεῖον ), but there is insufficient evidence to support this. Thesaurus Linguae Latinae s.v. suggests that classical Latin musaeum , museum may derive from an eastern language. The form musycke (see quot. c1540 at sense A. 1a) probably represents an isolated early borrowing < Old French musique , music (in ovre de musique mosaic work (c1216: see mosaic work n.), or musique mosaic gold (c1165): see mosaic gold n.), Middle French music of or relating to mosaic < post-classical Latin mosaicus , with ending remodelled probably after Old French musique , classical Latin mūsica music n. With mosaic stone (see quot. 1585¹ at sense B. 1a) compare Middle French pierres mosaïques , plural (1572). With mosaic painting (see quot. 1615 at sense B. 1a) compare Middle French peinture mosayque (1598). Classical Latin had several expressions for mosaic pavement, according to the type of technique used, including: pavīmentum sectile (see sectile adj. and compare opus sectile n.), pavīmentum tessellātum (see tessellate adj.), emblēma vermiculātum (see emblem n., vermiculated adj.), pavīmentum lithostrōtum (compare ancient Greek λιθόστρωτος). A. n. 1. a. The process of creating pictures or decorative patterns by cementing together small pieces of stone, glass, or other hard materials of various colours. Also: work produced in this way; the constructive or decorative materials from which it is made; = mosaic work n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] mosaicc1540 mosaical work1604 mosaic work1606 musive1622 pietra commessac1660 pietra dura1730 tessellation1813 Cosmati1927 c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1662 Within this palis..was a proude halle..With a flore þat was fret all of fyne stones, Pauyt prudly all with proude colours, Made after musycke, men on to loke. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. vii. f.37^v A church..which esteemed to be the fayrest..in al those Ilands.., being artificially made of Mosaique. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xx. 57 The Images of Mosaique and other flat pictures. 1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. vii. xv. 306 It is built throughout of the curious worke called Musaique [note Mousaique], or Marqueterie. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 141 The seeling..is in many places gilt and painted in Mosaick. 1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 75 The name of Mosaic is given to all works composed of little inlaid pieces, whether they be of stone, wood, ivory, enamel, or any other natural or artificial matter. 1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 282 Some of the apartments are painted in fresco, with floors in mosaic. 1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 535 The Mosaic is sometimes used as a sort of veneer over the whole surface of an article, and at others, simply as an inlaid bordering on cedar or ivory. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 854/2 The modern so-called ‘Roman mosaic’ is formed of short and slender sticks of coloured glass fixed in cement, the ends, which form the pattern, being finally rubbed down and polished. 1969 K. Clark Civilisation ii. 36 The floors were of mosaic with figures, like a Roman pavement. 1991 Business Traveller Jan. 44/2 This remarkable Modernista concert hall designed by Domenech i Montaner with heavy use of mosaic, stained glass and ceramic. b. figurative and in extended use. A variegated structure, pattern, etc., reminiscent of that used in or produced by mosaic. ΚΠ 1650 R. Heath Epigrams ii. 36 in Clarastella Your face is all Mosaick, coloured With shining unguents. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 700 Each beauteous flour, Iris all hues, Roses, and Gessamin Rear'd high thir flourisht heads between, and wrought Mosaic . View more context for this quotation a1711 T. Ken Sion i, in Wks. (1721) IV. 332 From various Flowers which she together brought, In sweet Mosaick she a story wrought. 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty iv. 23 The pine-apple, which nature has particularly distinguished by bestowing ornaments of rich mosaic upon it. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 489 The disc of bone removed was cut into pieces and packed in mosaic in the wound [sc. a trephine-hole in the skull]. 1993 W. Nash in Lang. & Lit. (BNC) 2 In all the Odes there is scarcely a strophe, perhaps hardly a line, that does not transmute word order into word mosaic, a deliberate fragmentation [etc.]. c. Work in any of various materials analogous to traditional mosaic in method of production, or resembling it in appearance. Frequently with distinguishing word, as paper mosaic, mirror mosaic, straw mosaic, wood mosaic, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] > work analogous to mosaic1665 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 138 If Mosaick be in wood 'tis called Tersia: the several pieces of which are boil'd and dyed into what colour the workman fancies. 1875 W. Bemrose (title) Mosaicon: or paper mosaic, and how to make it. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1484/1 The Tunbridge wood-mosaic is made of colored parallelopipeds of wood glued together so as to show a pattern at their ends or sections. 1889 Cent. Dict. 33 Straw mosaic, fine straw in different shades of color attached by glue to a cardboard foundation. 1908 N.E.D. at Mosaic sb. Applied to work in various other materials.., as paper, straw, wood, wool mosaic. 1997 Bits & Pieces Catal. 22/1 This captivating box is inlaid with an intricate wood mosaic pattern known as Yosegi handcraft, imported directly from Japan. 2. a. A picture, pattern, design, or work of art executed in mosaic; a piece of mosaic work. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] > piece of mosaic work mosaic1659 mosaic work1687 1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida ii. iv. 150 All which with Gold, and purer Azure brought From Persian Artists, in Mosaicks wrought. 1699 M. Lister Journey to Paris (new ed.) 124 By the application of a good Eye-glass, I could readily distinguish the squares of all colours, as in other Mosaiques. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful ii. §18. 64 Much of gilding, mosaics, painting or statues, contribute but little to the sublime. 1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting II. i. 17 [He] fitted up entire windows with them, and with mosaics of plain glass of different colours. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 155 A Mosaic lately found, representing one of Alexander's battles. 1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches 318 Modern mosaics have nearly always a great deal of gold. 1949 E. Blunden After Bombing 49 Marbles, mosaics, carvings, seraph-bright Paintings of wall and window. 1988 S. Afr. Panorama May 27/1 An impressive mosaic of South Africa's coat-of-arms covers a large part of one wall of the foyer. 2000 Oxoniensia 64 42 It is explicitly stated that tesserae were found (but whether from a mosaic or from a coarse tessellated floor is not clear). b. figurative. Something suggestive of a mosaic; a variegated whole formed from many disparate parts; spec. (originally and chiefly Canadian) a society consisting of a number of culturally distinct groups. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > close, intimate, or permanent joining > close fitting together of parts > (like) a mosaic mosaica1678 intarsia1958 a1678 A. Marvell Appleton House 582 What Rome, Greece, Palestine, ere said I in this light Mosaick read. 1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 44 He [sc. Pitt in 1766] made an administration, so checkered..; a cabinet so variously inlaid; such a piece of diversified Mosaic;..that it was indeed a very curious show. 1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. vi. 156 We do not enough conceive for ourselves that variegated mosaic of the world's surface which a bird sees in its migration. 1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity I. 352 He does so in a mosaic of magnificent quotations from the..Psalms. 1888 Harper's Weekly 3 Nov. 835/4 They form a polyglot community—Swedes, Danes, Norwegians, Poles, Polaks, Hungarians, Bohemians, Germans, Irish, and negroes. Unlike many places where similar human mosaics are marked by disorders and endless feuds, here they form a peaceful and moral community. 1922 V. Hayward Romantic Canada xxiv. 187 It is indeed a mosaic of vast dimensions and great breadth, essayed of the Prairie. 1961 P. Marshall Soul clap Hands & Sing (1962) 21 Some vital part which shaped the simple mosaic of his life seemed suddenly missing. 1992 Economist 11 Apr. 121/2 A Canadian novelist, Mordecai Richler, has put together not an anthology in any formal sense but a mosaic of experience, factual and fictional. 2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 23 Jan. a15 Canada's continuous push to be viewed as a cultural mosaic and not a melting pot. 3. In scientific and technical use. a. A structure or arrangement resembling a mosaic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > close, intimate, or permanent joining > close fitting together of parts > (like) a mosaic > specifically in scientific use mosaic1877 1877 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (1878) iii. ii. 420 The mosaic of rods and cones is the basis of distinct vision. 1888 J. Lubbock Senses Animal (1889) vii. 166 Plateau..states that, according to Müller, the mosaic is formed by a number of partial images, each occupying the base of one of the elements composing the compound eye. 1891 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Mosaic of muscle compartments, the polygonal areas surrounded by dark lines seen on fresh section of a muscular fibre, without addition of reagents or with acetic acid alone. 1891 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Mosaic of pigment cells of eye, the appearance presented by the inner surface of the choroid tunic. 1896 J. W. Kirkaldy & E. C. Pollard tr. J. E. V. Boas Text Bk. Zool. 384 The buccal teeth are low knobs (sometimes pointed) or plates, which are arranged in several rows and form a mosaic over the edges of the jaws. 1909 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 15/1 Thus arise the beautiful ‘leaf-mosaics’, e.g., of English ivy or of maple, in which no leaf unduly shades another. 1972 Sci. Amer. May 56/2 A mosaic of plates forms the earth's lithosphere, or outer shell. 1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xiv. 456/1 The factors involved in the resolution of spatial details or, as it is called, visual acuity: optical..anatomic (receptor mosaic), and functional. 1995 Mineral. Mag. 59 69 The original albite has been replaced by a mosaic of irregular microcline subgrains. b. Genetics. Originally: †a hybrid organism (esp. a plant) or part displaying a patchy distribution of different phenotypic characteristics inherited from the parents (obsolete). Later: an organism (esp. an animal) or part having cells or tissues that differ in genetic constitution or expression. Cf. chimera n. 3d. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > combination of different genetic types > cases of mosaic1902 chimera1911 1902 W. Bateson & E. R. Saunders Rep. to Evol. Comm. Royal Soc. No. 1. 23 These mosaics occurred as rarities both on prickly individuals and on smooth ones still more rarely. 1929 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 15 871 Those [mutations] occurring in the cells of the wings make the wings mosaics of wild-type and miniature tissue. 1946 R. R. Gates Human Genetics I. ix. 281 Case I. 1 was an albino and it is said that two of her children were albino mosaics, the girl having half her hair white and half black, with one blue eye and one black. 1949 C. D. Darlington & K. Mather Elements of Genetics v. 112 In animals the effects of somatic mutation are slightly different [from those in plants]... The changed cells give flakes and sectors instead of layers and the product is known as a mosaic instead of a chimaera. 1974 S. L. Robbins Pathol. Basis Dis. vi. 187/2 Approximately 2 per cent of ‘mongoloids’ are mosaics (trisomy 21/normal). 1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) x. 577 Because the inactive X chromosome is faithfully inherited, every female is a mosaic composed of clonal groups of cells. c. Photography. A screen containing a pattern of small filters of each of the primary colours, formerly used in the mosaic system of colour photography (see B. 5). Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > filters filter1874 light filter1874 colour screen1884 colour filter1891 mosaic screen1908 mosaic1911 sky filter1915 polarizer1935 polarizing filter1939 skylight filter1950 1911 A. Watkins Photography (ed. 5) xii. 227 The Thames colour plate. This is a regular mosaic, formed by three printings (each being dyed) on bichromated colloid; the pattern originating with a 200-line half-tone screen. 1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour iii. 30 The Autochrome plate, which consisted of a random mosaic of red, green and blue starch grains with the interstices filled with carbon black, came on the market in 1907. 1973 D. A. Spencer Focal Dict. Photogr. Technol. 395 After exposure through this mosaic the emulsion is reversal processed to a positive transparency. d. = mosaic disease n. at Compounds 2. Also: the mottled discoloration characteristic of mosaic disease. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > characterized by part affected or appearance produced jaundice1600 black rot1769 root rot1831 leaf blight1849 leaf curl1850 black heart1862 icterus1866 albication1877 footrot1883 curl-leaf1886 silver top1890 stem-sickness1890 sleeping disease1899 mosaic1900 leaf mosaic1902 scorch1906 blotch1909 little leaf1911 ringspot1913 crinkle1920 vein banding1928 the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > viral diseases rosette disease1891 mosaic disease1894 mosaic1900 bunchy top1919 spotted wilt1919 streak disease1923 streak1930 streak virus1930 kromnek disease1932 wound-tumour disease1945 exocortis1948 1900 Science 5 Jan. 17/2 In the disease of the tobacco leaf known as Calico, or Mosaic, the lighter-colored areas are found to contain more starch in the form of granules than do the green areas of the same leaf. 1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vi. 49 In America it is suspected of being the vector of a virus disease between clover (Trifolium) and lucerne (Medicago), it also transmits pea mosaic. 1940 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Jan. 5/6 First reports of a new disease spreading into Pennsylvania peach orchards have located the dread ‘mosaic’ in the Spring Grove section of York county. 1984 D. A. Roberts & C. W. Boothroyd Fund. Plant Pathol. (ed. 2) iii. 35 Mosaic, a chlorotic symptom of many virus-induced diseases, is an uneven color development. 2006 L. Collier & J. Oxford Human Virol. (ed. 3) i. 4/1 Iwanowski in Russia and Beijerinck in Holland both showed that a plant infection, tobacco mosaic, could be transmitted by extracts that had been passed through a Chamberland filter, and hence could not contain bacteria. e. Ecology. An area in which two or more types of vegetation or habitat, esp. distinct plant communities or associations, are interspersed. ΚΠ 1897 Amer. Naturalist 31 983 The floral covering may truthfully be likened to a mosaic in which the various pieces are formations.] 1914 Jrnl. Ecol. 2 228 Observations on serpentine and other rocks show the same admixture or mosaic of so-called calcicolous (haloid) and calcifuge (geloid) xerophytic habitats and species. 1989 B. Stonehouse Polar Ecol. (BNC) 84 Arctic tundra vegetation is a mosaic of plant communities, usually compact, wind-sculptured, and less than 1m high. 1997 Eng. Nature Jan. 9/1 [He] has been directly responsible for the design of some 28 ha specifically to attract a wide range of wildlife species using a mosaic of different wetland habitats. f. Chiefly in aerial surveying: a composite photograph or map, esp. one made up of a number of separate aerial photographs from overlapping areas. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by style or subject high key1849 carte1861 carte-de-visite1861 wedding group1861 vignette1862 studio portrait1869 press photograph1873 cameo-type1874 war picture1883 mug1887 panel1888 snapshot1890 visite1891 fuzz-type1893 stickyback1903 action photograph1904 action picture1904 scenic1913 still1916 passport photo1919 mosaic1920 press photo1923 oblique1925 action shot1927 passport photograph1927 profile shot1928 smudgea1931 glossy1931 photomontage1931 photomural1931 head shot1936 pin-up1943 mug shot1950 wedding photograph1956 wedding photo1966 full-frontal1970 photofit1970 split beaver1972 upskirt1994 selfie2002 1920 H. E. Ives Airplane Photogr. xxvi. 316 For a mosaic of any size an accurate outline map must be drawn on the surface of which the prints are to be attached. 1920 Flight 12 187/2 He then showed the similarities and differences between a photographic mosaic and a map, and outlined the various difficulties that had to be contended with. 1946 W. G. Wahlenberg Longleaf Pine 240 Where recent aerial mosaics are available, the ground work may be confined to representative transects that can be definitely located on the photographs. 1972 Nature 18 Feb. 391/2 Electron micrographs of the inner plexiform layer at a magnification of 25,000 times were used to construct mosaics covering the area from the ganglion cell layer to the vitreal margin. 1999 Britannica Online (Version 99.1) at Aerial Surveying For greater accuracy the centres of the photographs may be aligned by the use of slotted templates..to produce a photomap called a controlled mosaic. g. In some television camera tubes (e.g. the iconoscope): an array of many small photoemissive metal plates, each of which temporarily stores a charge dependent on the amount of light falling on it, that forms the target plate. Also: an array of piezoelectric transducers in a detector of ultrasound. ΚΠ 1928 Discovery Nov. 337/1 Carey's idea was to replace the mosaic of the retina by a mosaic of a large number of minute selenium cells..and, further, to replace the nerve fibres by separately insulated electric wires carrying an electric current from a battery, and to use this device to vary the light given by a number of very minute electric lamps..so placed that each lamp would correspond in position to each of the selenium cells. 1933 Proc. Wireless Section Inst. Electr. Engineers 8 220/2 The charge acquired by each element of the mosaic is released by the cathode-ray beam once in each repetition of the picture. 1953 S. W. Amos & D. C. Birkinshaw Television Engin. i. iv. 54 The mosaic must be of very fine construction with a number of individual cells to each element otherwise the cells show up in the reproduced image as a grain. 1961 G. N. Patchett Television Servicing III. vii. 197 The mosaic is composed of antimony islands which are made photo~sensitive with caesium. 1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XIII. 464/2 The mosaic is electrically coupled to the signal plate by electrostatic capacitance between the two. 1969 J. S. Wood tr. L. D. Rozenberg Sources of High-intensity Ultrasound II. ii. iv. 215 The construction of ultrasonic receivers in which a kind of ‘mosaic’ was used, consisting of several piezoelectric cylinders mounted on a large-diameter diaphragm. B. adj.¹ (attributive). 1. a. Of, relating to, or of the nature of mosaic; produced in or decorated with mosaic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [adjective] musive1511 mosaic1585 mosaicala1586 tesseled1603 tesseraica1711 tessellated1712 tesserated1717 tessellate1826 mosaicked1849 Cosmatesque1883 tesserate1897 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xvi. f. 17^v The court is pauid with Mosaique stone. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xx. 57 S. Sophia..within is most artificially made with Mosaique figures. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 31 Mosaike painting: an antique kind of worke, composed of little square peeces of marble. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 173 And join it by Mosaic Art, In graceful Order, Part to Part. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 42 We saw many Granite Pillars and remnants of Mosaic floors. 1779 Farmer's Mag. Mar. 37 At the west end of the castle are the remains of very magnificent apartments..adorned with Mosaic pictures. 1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 535 The inlaid or Mosaic work-boxes, card-cases, writing-desks, &c. 1893 Archaeologia 53 566 The mosaic panel is not worn at all. 1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing xii. 137 The mosaic floors and faïenced walls convey even to-day an image of perfection. 1990 Antique Winter 123/1 The art of mosaic mural designs and representations constructed of small coloured stones and glass..had already appeared in Italy by the end of the Roman Empire. b. figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] sunderlyeOE manifoldeOE selcoutha1000 felefoldc1000 mislichOE alkinOE manykinOE fele-kync1175 serekina1300 sundera1325 sundrya1325 serea1340 divers1340 varyingc1340 variantc1380 muchfoldc1384 serelepesa1400 serelepya1400 multifaryc1460 sundryfoldc1460 multiplicate?a1475 variable?a1475 sundrilyc1480 diversea1542 particoloured1591 multifarious1593 Protean1594 daedal1596 choiceful1605 Daedalian1605 multiplex1606 variated1608 diversified1611 multiplicious1617 variousa1634 multivarious1636 mosaic1644 multiple1647 omnigenous1650 chequered1656 plurifarious1656 ununiform1660 variate1677 disuniform1687 Proteusian1689 unsteady1690 unequable1693 inequable1721 variegating1727 varied1733 multitudinous1744 multifold1806 polygeneous1818 unequalized1822 ruleless1836 varicoloured185. non-uniform1856 omnigener1857 polytypic1858 multiferous1860 variatious1871 variegated1872 polytypical1890 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [adjective] > closely, intimately, or permanently joined > fitting closely together > as a mosaic mosaic1644 1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 141 And from it Eloquence receives her beauteous colours, her Musive or Mosaique Excellency. 1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 41 After a farrago of English, Greek, and Latin—‘You'l pardon this way of writing—I never use it but in an Epistolary Way. I rem. a Gent. lately found fault w^th it: and call'd it Mosaic’. 1827 T. Carlyle Richter in Edinb. Rev. June 190 Let the mosaic brain of old Burton give forth the workings of this strange union. 1882 W. T. Dobson Poet. Ingenuities 225 The next..is a mosaic compilation from poems written to the memory of Robert Burns. 1943 A. Koestler Arrival & Departure iii. 93 Gradually the mosaic-pieces of the story formed into a pattern, like the stitches on her embroidery. 1988 P. Brook Shifting Point (1989) 158 The complexity of their behaviour is not indicated in the words [of the play], it emerges from the mosaic construction of an infinite number of details. c. Designating various types of materials, work, etc., having or forming colours or patterns resembling those of mosaic work. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > [adjective] fawa700 medleyc1350 freckledc1380 motleyc1380 pied1382 specked1382 vary1382 partyc1385 parted1393 peckleda1400 polymitec1425 sere-colouredc1425 vairc1425 discoloured?1440 motleyed1447 varying1488 sheld1507 fleckered1508 piet1508 mellay1515 particoloured1530 pickled1552 varied1578 mingled1580 partly coloured1582 chequered1592 medley-coloured1593 mingle-coloured1593 piebald1594 feathered1610 changeable1612 particolour1612 enamelled1613 variousa1618 pie-coloured1619 jaspered1620 gangean1623 versicolour1628 patchwork1634 damasked1648 variously-coloureda1660 variegateda1661 agated1665 varicoloured1665 damaska1674 various-coloureda1711 pieted1721 versicoloured1721 diversicoloured1756 mosaic1776 harlequin1779 spanged1788 calico1807 piety1811 varied-coloured1811 discolorate1826 heterochromous1842 jaspé1851 discolor1859 discolorous1860 jasperoid1876 damascened1879 heterochromatic1895 variotinted1903 batik1914 varihued1921 rumbled1930 damasky1931 pepper-and-salt1940 partihued1959 1776 C. Powys Let. in Passages from Diaries Mrs. Powys (1899) 171 Gothic elbow-chairs painted in mosaic brown and white. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 390/2 This is..the plan on which the so-called ‘mosaic carpet’ is made. 1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 350/2 Mosaic Canvas. The finest descriptions of canvas employed for Embroidery, whether of silk, thread, or cotton, have acquired the popular appellation of Mosaic. c1890 tr. T. de Dillmont Encycl. Needlework 133 Mosaic stitch.., the first row consists of one short and one long stitch, alternately; the second, of short stitches only, set between the long stitches of the first row; the third row is a repetition of the first, and so on. 1900 E. Jackson Hist. Hand-made Lace 127 The Lace resembling Duchesse made in Venice in the present day is called Mosaic lace, on account of small sprigs being used to build up the pattern as the pieces of stone and glass are used in Mosaic work. 1934 M. Thomas Dict. Embroidery Stitches 151 Mosaic filling, a drawn fabric stitch. 1961 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors (ed. 3) 136 Mosaic bindings, leather bindings decorated with contrasting colours, whether inlaid, onlaid or painted. 1992 M. Margetts Classic Crafts 26/2 The most familiar is pieced or mosaic patchwork, in which the entire surface is made up of small interlocking units of fabric. 2. Zoology. Designating or relating to a theory or mechanism of vision in the compound eye of arthropods, in which each ommatidium is regarded as forming an image only of the small part of the visual field in line with its axis, the partial images being combined to produce a complete visual image. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [adjective] > of parts of > of or relating to manner of vision mosaic1880 1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish iii. 12 The theory of mosaic vision propounded by Johannes Müller. 1888 J. Lubbock Senses Animal (1889) vii. 166 Plateau regards the mosaic theory of Müller as definitely abandoned, but seems rather to have had in his mind that of Gottsche. 1960 D. C. Braungart & R. Buddeke Introd. Animal Biol. (ed. 5) xi. 160/1 Since the image is not formed by a single optical unit but by the joint action of a number of adjacent units the result is a ‘mosaic image’ in which the integral parts composing the mosaic are the images furnished by the individual ommatidia involved. 1970 O. Sacks Migraine iii. 94 The term mosaic vision denotes the fracture of the visual image into irregular, crystalline, polygonal facets. 1984 V. B. Wigglesworth Insect Physiol. (ed. 8) x. 173 This elaborate system..will give a degree of resolution that is very much finer than what would be possible under the mosaic theory of Müller and Exner. 3. Embryology. Of, relating to, or characterized by a mode of development in which regions in an embryo are predetermined by the corresponding regions in that embryo at an earlier stage of development. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo development processes > [adjective] quickOE palaeogenetic1882 mosaic1893 protonic1902 previable1910 inductive1931 1893 Jrnl. Morphol. 8 579 (heading) Amphioxus, and the mosaic theory of development. 1904 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 1 2 Similar views were more or less clearly expressed by Van Beneden, Flemming, Platner and others prior to the definite formulation of the mosaic-theory of development by Roux in 1888. 1904 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 1 2 Such ‘mosaic eggs’ as those of mollusks or ctenophores. 1933 J. H. Woodger tr. L. von Bertalanffy Mod. Theories Devel. x. 143 After injury we obtain partial embryos from mosaic eggs and whole embryos from the regulative ones. 1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. xiii. 422 Eggs of this kind, in which the cytoplasm is clearly divided into different regions required for the development of specific regions of the embryo, are known as mosaic eggs. 1989 E. Lawrence Guide Mod. Biol. x. 302 This type of development is often termed mosaic development, and such eggs as mosaic eggs, as they appear to comprise a collection of independently developing parts. 4. Genetics. Originally (of a hybrid): †having a patchy distribution of phenotypic characteristics of both parents (obsolete). Later: designating an organism or part composed of cells of different genetic constitution or expression. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [adjective] > mosaicism mosaic1902 1902 W. Bateson & E. R. Saunders Rep. to Evol. Comm. Royal Soc. No. 1. 23 Among the large number of capsules examined, there were some of the mosaic type, in which part of the capsule was prickly and the remainder smooth. 1903 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30 143 In another sort of hybrids the parental characters may reappear side by side—these are the so-called ‘mosaic’ hybrids. 1930 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 16 784 A few individuals have also been experimentally produced which were haploid (XA) in certain mosaic segments of the body which was elsewhere diploid. 1968 M. W. Strickberger Genetics xxi. 468 Gynandromorphs differ from intersexes in the sense that gynandromorphs are obviously mosaic. 1974 S. L. Robbins Pathol. Basis Dis. vi. 178/1 Nondisjunction after zygote formation yields a mosaic individual who has more than one chromosome count in his body cells. 2001 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Genetics 104 250 They were mosaic for the Rh blood group phenotype: one erythrocyte population was D-positive and the other was D-negative. 5. Photography. Designating or relating to a method of colour photography in which a screen, containing a pattern of small filters of each of the primary colours, is placed in front of the emulsion for both exposure and viewing. Frequently in mosaic process, mosaic screen. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > filters filter1874 light filter1874 colour screen1884 colour filter1891 mosaic screen1908 mosaic1911 sky filter1915 polarizer1935 polarizing filter1939 skylight filter1950 1908 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 3 Jan. (Suppl.) 13 To make the Krayn mosaic screen..line-screens are again cemented together and form a block. 1935 Discovery July 188/2 The well-known ‘screen’ or ‘mosaic’ processes, in which the photograph is recorded through a regular or irregular pattern of coloured rulings or grains. 1942 C. B. Neblette Photogr. (ed. 4) xxxii. 786 The irregular mosaic screens are made from a mixture of small colored particles. 1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour iii. 30 In photography, the mosaic processes have had a long and distinguished career. 1973 D. A. Spencer Focal Dict. Photogr. Technol. 395 The mosaic elements then act as the viewing filters. 6. Ecology. Designating or relating to an area in which patches of two or more types of vegetation or habitat, esp. distinct plant communities, are interspersed. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > [adjective] > conditions of waterish1579 supralittoral1839 trophic1902 thermostabile1908 oligotrophic1911 saprobic1913 mosaic1919 mesic1926 xeric1926 trophogenic1930 tropholytic1931 saprobiotic1940 oligotropic1948 saprotrophic1948 mixohaline1959 thermoneutral1961 eutrophicated1967 1919 A. G. Vestal Phytogeogr. E. Mountain Front in Colorado 186 A second factor contributing to the mixed effect is the frequent extremely local variability of physical conditions within the habitat. This might be called mosaic variability, and its effect a mosaic mixture of vegetation-type. 1930 Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 24 496 Good examples for [sic] mosaic complexes are furnished by the..Scandinavian bogs, maritime rocks, etc. 1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 41 As one moves north from the rain forest and into the tropical woodlands and savannah mosaic regions, the trees become fewer and smaller. 1997 Plant Ecol. 132 97 The dynamics of the forest zone, which had a mosaic structure consisting of Picea- and Larix-dominated patches, is characterized by patches transforming from one to another. 7. Designating a composite photograph or map, esp. one made up of a number of separate aerial photographs from overlapping areas. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [adjective] > aerial photographs mosaic1920 vertical1925 1920 H. E. Ives Airplane Photogr. xxvi. 316 (heading) Arranging prints for a mosaic map. 1930 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 207 A photographic survey was made for a railway company, the mosaic strip..being produced on a scale of 130 inches to the mile. 1934 Discovery June 15/1 The chief photographic contribution..is an aerial mosaic map of an area of about 200 square miles. 1972 Sci. Amer. Mar. 10/2 In the past six months the first complete aerial-mosaic map of Manhattan Island has been assembled, and photographic prints are being made on a scale that brings out a wealth of interesting detail. 1988 Canad. Aviation May 55/2 (advt.) Needed: Navigator/Copilot with survey experience at low level & navigating from mosaic maps required. 8. Crystallography. Characterized by or relating to small blocks of perfect lattices set at very slight angles to one another. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [adjective] > miscellaneous other primitive1807 subtractive1807 based1810 emarginated1816 planoconvex1816 primary1823 hemisystematic1878 face-centred1913 body-centred1918 mosaic1934 1934 W. P. Davey Study Crystal Struct. xii. 363 It will be of interest..to examine the various ways in which crystals may be grown in the hope of finding mechanisms of crystal growth which will lead easily to the mosaic type rather than the perfect type of structure. 1938 W. A. Wooster Text-bk. Crystal Physics ii. 62 The mosaic crystal was imagined to be built up of a number of small blocks of perfect crystal, of not more than some 500 a.u. side, arranged nearly parallel to each other. 1964 R. C. Evans Introd. Crystal Chem. (ed. 2) ix. 206 As normally prepared, a crystal has a pronounced mosaic structure. 1970 R. A. Laudise Growth Single Crystals i. 17 There is a continuous series of states of order between mosaic structures and structures showing conventional low-angle grain boundaries. 1997 Physica B. 234–6 582 The crystal is made up of several grains, the mosaic spread η is 200'. Compounds C1. † mosaic-drawn adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xix. 265 In the rich woof a hound Mosaic drawn [Gk. δαίδαλον] Bore on full stretch, and seiz'd a dappl'd fawn. mosaic-floored adj. ΚΠ 1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Feb. 5/2 A glass-covered, mosaic-floored, plant-furnished promenade. 1975 Times 29 July 4/1 The marble and mosaic-floored corridors of the Peace Palace. mosaic-paved adj. ΚΠ 1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) IV. 157 Ponderous gates, that led into a Mosaic-paved court. 1884 A. T. de Vere King Oswald in Poet. Wks. 280 The ash-strewn cities radiant late with arts Extinct this day; bath, circus, theatre Mosaic-paved. C2. mosaic disease n. [after German Mosaikkrankheit (A. Mayer 1886, in Landwirtschaftlichen Versuchsstationen 32 453)] any of various virus diseases of plants, characterized by a mottled pattern of discoloration on the leaves. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > viral diseases rosette disease1891 mosaic disease1894 mosaic1900 bunchy top1919 spotted wilt1919 streak disease1923 streak1930 streak virus1930 kromnek disease1932 wound-tumour disease1945 exocortis1948 1894 Jrnl. Mycol. 7 382 The first symptom [of a disease of tobacco] is a geographic or mosaic coloring of the leaf surface, light and dark green... The name ‘mosaic disease’ was given by Dr. Mayer. 1970 H. Liebscher & F. Koehler tr. G. Fröhlich & W. Rodewald Pests & Dis. Trop. Crops 39 A number of virus diseases, such as mosaic disease, infectious chlorosis, and ‘heart rot’, manifest themselves by retarded growth, discoloration, and leaf curl. 1996 P. H. Duesberg Inventing AIDS Virus iii. 69 Iwanowski gathered fluid from tobacco plants suffering the mosaic disease. mosaic evolution n. Biology evolution in which different characteristics and structures of an organism evolve at different rates. ΚΠ 1963 E. Mayr Animal Species & Evol. xix. 598 There is not a steady and harmonious change of all parts of the ‘type’, as envisioned by the school of idealistic morphology, but rather a ‘mosaic evolution’. Every evolutionary type is a mosaic of primitive and advanced characters, of general and specialized features. 1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xxxiii. 457 The human character appears in some features (the gait) before others (size of brain); this is the phenomenon called mosaic evolution. 1996 A. Walker & P. Shipman Wisdom of Bones xii. 207 If ramidus..has a rather apelike vestibular system..then the old argument about mosaic evolution can be raised. mosaic glass n. a kind of ornamental glassware, similar to millefiore, made by fusing together rods of variously coloured glass, then cutting the fused rods into cross-sections. ΚΠ 1846 Q. Rev. June–Sept. 78 444 The rich mosaic glass of the triforium windows was replaced by plain. 1937 Antiques Feb. 80/2 From the first, mosaic glass must have been highly esteemed. 1995 C. Bray Dict. Glass 160 The process of making mosaic glass is thought to date back to the 15th century BC. mosaic tile n. a type of tile made from different coloured clays forming a variegated pattern; (also) any of the small tiles or tesserae from which a mosaic design is formed. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1484/2 Mosaic Tile, a tile molded with different colored clays, arranged in patterns in imitation of the associated pieces of colored stones in true mosaic. 1957 Women's Day July 20/1 Now, in home decoration, you can use these small mosaic tiles known as ‘tesserae’ to create..wall panels, table tops, gay kitchen counter surfaces. 2000 N.Y. Mag. 3 Apr. 104 (caption) The owners have wisely preserved Depression–era details like a mosaic tile floor. mosaic virus n. a virus causing mosaic disease; cf. tobacco mosaic virus n. at tobacco n. Compounds 4. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > [noun] > types of latent virus1750 influenza virus1880 poxvirus1891 filter-passer1906 mosaic virus1914 bacteriophage1921 herpes virus1925 Rous sarcoma virus1925 Rous virus1925 papillomavirus1935 poliovirus1939 Semliki Forest virus1944 actinophage1947 mycophage1947 mengovirus1949 tumour virus1950 Zika1952 mycobacteriophage1953 Sindbis virus1953 myxovirus1954 echovirus1955 RNA virus1955 adenovirus1956 SV1956 arborvirus1957 enterovirus1957 foamy virus1957 respiratory syncytial virus1957 polyoma1958 parainfluenza1959 reovirus1959 arbovirus1960 cytomegalovirus1960 TMV1960 vacuolating agent or virus1960 Coxsackie virus1961 rhinovirus1961 RSV1961 papovavirus1962 paramyxovirus1962 picornavirus1962 mycophage1963 parvovirus1965 rhabdovirus1966 Ross River virus1966 coronavirus1968 EBV1968 Epstein–Barr virus1968 leukovirus1968 CMV1969 arenovirus1970 oncornavirus1970 togavirus1970 alphavirus1971 calicivirus1971 Dane particle1971 flavivirus1971 flavovirus1971 maedi1971 orbivirus1971 mycovirus1972 visna-maedi virus1972 flu virus1973 maedi-visna virus1973 corona1974 orthopoxvirus1974 rotavirus1974 whitepox1974 retravirus1975 Ebola virus1976 morbillivirus1976 retrovirus1976 Ebola1977 lentivirus1979 reassortant1979 HTLV1980 morbilli1981 filovirus1982 LAV1983 CV1985 HIV1986 HIV virus1987 C-192020 Covid2020 Covid-192020 CV-192020 1914 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 41 438 He found that heating mosaic virus to the boiling point rendered it harmless. 1964 E. Salisbury Weeds & Aliens (ed. 2) i. 16 The mosaic virus that causes necrosis of the leaves of Deadly Nightshade can also flourish in tissues of the Black Nightshade. 2001 New Scientist 24 Feb. 86/1 (advt.) Your main duties..will include:..To investigate the biology of soil–borne wheat mosaic virus. mosaic wool-work n. a type of work used in rugs, carpets, etc., in which coloured threads are arranged side by side in a compact mass so that the ends or cross-section shows a pattern resembling that of mosaic. ΚΠ 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Mosaic wool-work. Derivatives moˈsaic-like adj. ΚΠ 1901 Scribner's Mag. 29 512/2 A delicate mosaic-like effect was obtained. 1951 S. Spender World within World iii. 143 They [sc. portraits] brought out something grandiose, almost Byzantine, mosaic-like about her appearance. 1994 Denver Post 23 Jan. t3/6 A mosaiclike wall has been constructed of tombstone fragments from long-past centuries. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Mosaicadj.² Brit. /mə(ʊ)ˈzeɪɪk/, U.S. /moʊˈzeɪɪk/ Forms: 1600s–1700s Mosaick, 1600s– Mosaic. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French mosaïque; Latin Mosaicus. Etymology: < French mosaïque (1521 in Middle French; 1507 as moysaique ) and its etymon post-classical Latin Mosaicus (also Moysaicus ) of or relating to Moses (5th cent.) < classical Latin Moses , Moyses (see Moses n.) + -icus -ic suffix. Compare Italian mosaico (a1342; 1306 as moisaico ), German mosaisch . Compare earlier Mosaical adj.¹With Mosaic law compare post-classical Latin lex Mosaica (5th cent.). 1. Of or relating to Moses, or to the writings and institutions attributed to him. Mosaic law n. the ancient law of the Hebrews, contained in the Pentateuch. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Hebrew scripture > [adjective] > Pentateuch Mosaical1562 Mosaic1632 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [adjective] > Mosaic dispensation moral law1551 Mosaical1562 lawish1564 legal1591 Mosaic1632 Moschical1662 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Hebrew scripture > [noun] > Pentateuch testimony1382 Torah1577 Mosaic law1698 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [noun] > Mosaic dispensation the old lawc1000 law1382 the law of Mosesa1400 legala1425 pedagoguea1425 Torah1577 pedagogy1583 Mosaic law1698 law-covenant1803 1632 Swedish Intelligencer iii. Prefatory Poem Heaven kept for a Ioshuahs hand: So thou (Mosaic Prince). 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. iii. §6 The Mosaick history of the Creation. 1698 Protestant Mercury 4–6 May 2/2 Celebrated by the Patriarchs before the Mosaick Law. 1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra iv. i. §8 A Greek Copy of the Mosaick Law. 1746 Gentleman's Mag. June 331 What they have borrowed from the Mosaic account, with regard to the facts of the remotest antiquity. 1771 W. Jones (title) Zoologica ethica. A disquisition concerning the Mosaic distinction of animals into clean and unclean. 1821 Ld. Byron Let. 19 Sept. (1978) VIII. 216 The world..was inhabited by mammoths..but not by man till the Mosaic period. 1895 S. D. F. Salmond Christian Doctr. Immortality ii. iii. 226 The silence of the Mosaic books on the subject of future awards was a stock argument with the Deistical School. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 512/1 He [sc. Joseph 'Albo] fully maintained the Mosaic authorship of the Law and the binding force of tradition. 1986 Tablet 21 June 649/3 Hence the long passages on the observance of the Mosaic Law as examples of faith. 2000 Isis 91 35 The Mosaic philosophers..advocated a philosophy drawn primarily from biblical authority. 2. Resembling or characteristic of Moses. ΚΠ 1842 ‘J. Cypress, Jr.’ Sporting Scenes II. 52 How the old man's countenance would light up and burn with almost Mosaic fire as he reviewed the line. 1880 W. Butler Far Out 12 The Mosaic ramrodism of the German Emperor's face and figure. 1955 Times 25 Aug. 11/4 Old Benjamin is as Mosaic, brutal, and earthy as ever. 1982 A. Burgess End of World News 18 He gave Sauerwald a fierce Mosaic look. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 2 Feb. 10/1 The extraordinary Mosaic figure who has become South Africa's first democratically chosen leader. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mosaicv. Brit. /mə(ʊ)ˈzeɪɪk/, U.S. /moʊˈzeɪɪk/ Forms: 1700s– mosaic. Past participle 1700s– mosaiced, 1800s– mosaicked. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mosaic n. Etymology: < mosaic n. 1. transitive (usually in passive). To adorn with (or as with) mosaics. Occasionally used intransitively. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [verb (transitive)] mosaic1770 tessellate1791 1770 A. Young Six Months Tour N. Eng. I. 285 The cove rising to it mosaic'd in small squares. 1839 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 6 255 A cottage..embosomed, or rather matted and mosaicked, by roses and honeysuckles. 1863 Arabian Nights Entertainm. (new ed.) 317 Its walks were mosaicked with small stones of various colours. 1890 E. A. Freeman in W. R. W. Stephens Life & Lett. E. A. Freeman (1895) II. 418 It also wants William the Bad to mosaic the walls. 1895 A. C. Wilson After Five Years in India 294 A boy with a face mosaiced out in different squares of colour like a clown. 1911 V. Bell Let. June in R. Fry Lett. (1972) I. 40 I'm trying to paint as if I were mosaicing..considering the picture as patches, each of which has to be filled in. 1924 A. MacLeish Let. 31 Jan. (1983) 123 I was adverbial as Hell—which I believe to be mosaiced with adverbs. 1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos xxvi. 120 And hither came Selvo, doge, that first mosaic'd San Marco. 1997 R. Tremain Way I found Her (1998) ii. 135 The building was in a group of seven, mosaicked green and beige and purple and blue. 2. transitive. To combine as if into a mosaic; (also) to form by such combination. Now: spec. to combine (photographs, etc.) to form a larger composite image (cf. mosaic adj.¹ 7). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > fit closely together dovetail1815 tessellate1839 mosaic1841 1841 J. L. Motley Let. 18 Nov. in Corr. (1889) I. iv. 70 Prussia..is new, and an artificial patchwork, without natural coherence, mosaiced out of bought, stolen and plundered provinces. 1867 Evening Standard 13 July 3 After all the rest of the world had been created the best bits were neatly cut out and mosaicked, so as to form Arcachon. 1890 W. S. Gilbert Foggerty's Fairy & Other Tales 331 They have mosaiced a hundred of his pithy apophthegms into our daily conversation. 1972 Icarus 16 522/1 Individual projected pictures were mosaicked to produce the finished photomap. 1990 Forest Resources Arizona Dec. 40 The digital data were combined, or mosaicked, to delineate counties or other areas crossing scene boundaries. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.¹c1540adj.²1632v.1770
随便看	land-lock land-looker land-loper land-loping land-louper land-louping land-lubbing land-lurch land-male land-male-book land-mammifera land-march land-marker land-marshal land-martin land-mass land-mate land-mead land-measurer land-measuring land-mere land-mete land-meter land-meting land-metster

mosaicn.adj.1

Compounds

Derivatives

Mosaicadj.2

mosaicv.

mosaicn.adj.¹

Mosaicadj.²