morbidadj.

Brit.

/ˈmɔːbɪd/, U.S.

/ˈmɔrbəd/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin morbidus.

Etymology: < classical Latin morbidus diseased, sick, causing disease, unhealthy < morbus disease (further etymology unknown) + -idus -id suffix¹.In sense 3 perhaps after Italian morbido characterized by refinement of colours, or harmony of proportions (mid 16th cent.; 1292 in sense ‘having a soft, yielding, or doughy consistency’, a1294 in sense ‘(of the body or face of a woman or child) beautiful, delicate’), or independently after morbidezza n. Compare French morbide (1486 in Middle French in an isolated attestation in sense ‘ill’; 1690 in French in sense 3 ( < Italian morbido); 1810 in sense ‘relating to disease’; 1836 in sense ‘that which has an abnormal or unhealthy character’), Portuguese mórbido unhealthy, infectious (16th cent.), Spanish mórbido unhealthy (1617).

I. Senses relating to disease.

a. Causing disease; characteristic of, indicative of, or produced by disease; of the nature of disease; of or relating to disease.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective]

pestilenta1398

peccant1595

repeccating1598

diseaseful1605

morbifical1620

morbific1652

morbid1656

morbificous1657

diseasifying1662

morbiferous1718

nosopoetic1733

pathogenetic1830

morbiferal1848

pathogenic1850

pathopoeous1857

pathogenous1873

pathophoric1899

diseasing?1915

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective]

morbous?a1425

unsoundc1540

naughty1572

sick1597

sicklya1616

morbifica1691

morbose1692

ill-conditioned1700

morbid1748

pathic1846

1656 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1712) 51 There may be very well a sanative and healing Contagion, as well as a morbid and venomous.

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) Secundary Fever, is that which arises after a Crisis, or the Discharge of some morbid Matter, as after the Declension of the Small-Pox.

1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence ii. 705 Of morbid hue his features, sunk and sad; His hollow eyne shook forth a sickly light.

1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 8 Sylvius exults in the discovery that an acid is the sole morbid principle.

1799 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 1 324 The variolous matter, first inserted by the puncture, like that of other morbid poisons, is not capable of being immediately absorbed.

1828 T. B. Macaulay Hallam's Constit. Hist. in Edinb. Rev. Sept. 99 It may be quickened into morbid activity. It may be reasoned into sluggishness.

1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 335 No morbid appearance could be discovered to account for his sudden death, except that [etc.].

1863 W. Aitken Sci. & Pract. Med. (ed. 2) II. iii. 161 Lousiness—Phthiriasis... A morbid state in which lice develop themselves to such an extent that a pruriginous eruption is produced.

1894 J. Laing Misc. Poems 34 To that foul scheme upon the hill Whaur morbid water she maun swill.

1930 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 8 Feb. 234/1 The frequency of the occurrence of this morbid condition raises important problems as to its physio-pathology and its treatment.

1988 Amer. Jrnl. Preventive Med. 4 1/1 Life events have been related to a variety of morbid events, particularly to those of the cardiovascular system.

b. Of a person, a part of the body, etc.: affected with disease; unhealthy, ill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased

untrumc825

sickc888

unwholec888

slackc897

unstronga900

sicklea1000

sam-halea1023

worseOE

attaint1303

languishinga1325

heallessc1374

sicklyc1374

sicklewa1387

bada1393

mishalea1400

languoring?c1425

distempered1440

unwell?c1450

detent?a1475

poora1475

languorousc1475

maladif1481

illa1500

maladiousc1500

wanthriven1508

attainted1509

unsound1513

acrazed1521

cracked1527

unsoundya1529

visited1537

infirmed1552

crazed1555

healthless1568

ill-liking1572

afflicted1574

crazy1576

unhealthful1580

sickish1581

valetudinary1581

not well1587

fainty1590

ill-disposed1596

unhealthsome1598

tainted1600

ill-affected1604

peaking1611

unhealthy1611

infirmited1616

disaffected1626

physical1633

illish1637

pimping1640

invalid1642

misaffected1645

valetudinarious1648

unhale1653

badly1654

unwholesome1655

valetudinous1655

morbulent1656

off the hooksa1658

mawkish1668

morbid1668

unthriven1680

unsane1690

ailing1716

not wellish1737

underlya1742

poorly1750

indifferent1753

comical1755

maladized1790

sober1808

sickened1815

broken-down1816

peaky1821

poorlyish1827

souffrante1827

run-down1831

sicklied1835

addle1844

shaky1844

mean1845

dauncy1846

stricken1846

peakyish1853

po'ly1860

pindling1861

rough1882

rocky1883

suffering1885

wabbit1895

icky-boo1920

like death warmed up1924

icky1938

ropy1945

crappy1956

hanging1971

sick as a parrot1982

shite1987

1668 Minute 2 Jan. in Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) II. 235 Dr. Terne was willing..to try the experiment of transfusion upon morbid persons.

1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments vi. 68 Tho' every Human Constitution is morbid, yet are their Diseases consistent with the common Functions of Life.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 43. ⁋1 Every man comes into the world morbid.

1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 406 Morbid Bones.

1989 A. Stevenson Bitter Fame xi. 235 She was morbid with chilblains.

2. Of a person, mental state, etc.: characterized by excessive gloom or apprehension, or (in later use) by an unhealthy preoccupation with disease, death, or other disturbing subject; given to unwholesome brooding.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective] > unwholesomely

hippish1703

morbid1775

hippy1785

dyspeptic1894

1775 M. O. Warren Group i. i. 7 I've boldly sent my new-born brat abroad, Th' association of my morbid brain, To which each minion must affix his name.

1798 W. Wordsworth Lines left upon Seat in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 60 And on these barren rocks..Fixing his downward eye, he many an hour A morbid pleasure nourished, tracing here An emblem of his own unfruitful life.

1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey i. 14 A very lacrymose and morbid gentleman, of some note in the literary world.

1834 Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) I. x. 419 But that was a morbid vision, and has given way to the actual reality of so much good.

1842 C. Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 59 Pray to God to save you from the temptations of morbid melancholy and unavailing regret.

1886 H. Caine Son of Hagar iii. iv You morbid little woman, you shall be happy again.

1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience ii. 46 The athletic attitude tends ever to break down, and it inevitably does break down even in the most stalwart when..morbid fears invade the mind.

1937 D. L. Sayers Busman's Honeymoon i. 48 Putting aside my own feelings and your morbid visions of twin gorgons or nine-headed hydras..—would you like children?

1976 G. Gordon 100 Scenes from Married Life 132 Morbid lot, they're only happy when their friends have died.

1990 M. Freeland Kenneth Williams 116 Ken particularly used to enjoy the murder trials—not for any morbid curiosity, but for the drama unfolding.

†II. Other uses.

3. Art. Of a flesh tint: painted with morbidezza. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > [adjective] > attribute of flesh-tints

morbid1728

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Morbid, in Painting, is particularly apply'd to fat Flesh very strongly expressed.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

morbid-minded adj.

ΚΠ

1872 E. B. Tylor in Man 6 (1971) 99 [He] seems not only honest but not morbid-minded.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 399 Those who are not so intimately acquainted with the minutiae of the municipal abattoir as this morbidminded esthete.

1981 Philos. Perspectives 5 266 No doubt with his own morbid-minded needs in mind.

morbid-mindedness n.

ΚΠ

1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience vi. 163 It seems to me that we are bound to say that morbid-mindedness ranges over the wider scale of experience.

C2.

morbid anatomy n. the anatomy of diseased organs and tissues, pathological anatomy; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > types of

loimography1706

morbid anatomy1793

toxicology1799

neuropathologya1834

physiopathology1853

histopathology1874

palaeopathology1893

pathobiology1900

pathophysiology1925

immunopathology1956

1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. p. vi Knowledge of the changes of structure produced by disease, which may be called the Morbid Anatomy, is still very imperfect.

1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 6 The structure of tumours is a part of morbid anatomy which deserves to be examined.

1851 R. A. Willmott Pleasures of Lit. 291 Books..belong to the study of the mind's morbid anatomy.

1993 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 17 Nov. 2353/3 The chromosomal map of diseases can be referred to as the morbid anatomy of the human genome.

morbid obesity n. Medicine the condition of having a body weight high enough to pose a severe risk to health, (now) spec. as indicated by a body mass index (i.e. weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres) of 40 or above.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [noun] > fat or plump shape or physique > state of having

fatnessc1000

greasea1340

corsiousnessc1440

fleshiness1541

plumpness1545

corporateness1547

fogginess1547

fleshliness1552

corpulency1577

corpulence1581

corsiness1587

fullness1599

obesity1611

pinguitude1623

obeseness1653

aletude1656

portliness1658

eventriqueness1667

rotundity1684

fat1726

rotundness1727

bloatedness1732

embonpoint1751

roundness1763

repleteness1770

plumpitude1828

corporosity1837

stoutness1838

crumb1843

plumptitude1843

roundedness1849

chubbiness1850

adiposeness1868

roundliness1870

buxomness1875

bloat1905

tubbiness1906

poundage1915

overweight1917

endomorphy1940

plumpishness1947

pudge1967

morbid obesity1969

1969 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 117 246/1 We identify morbid obesity as existing in any person whose weight has reached a level two or three times his ideal weight and who has maintained this level of obesity for five years or more.

1989 Jrnl. Clin. Psychol. 45 762 Morbid obesity exists when an individual is 100 or more pounds over an ideal body weight.

1999 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 15 Oct. 26/1 Gastric bypass is commonly done to treat morbid obesity or the kind of excess weight causing illness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	morbid
释义	morbidadj. Brit. /ˈmɔːbɪd/, U.S. /ˈmɔrbəd/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin morbidus. Etymology: < classical Latin morbidus diseased, sick, causing disease, unhealthy < morbus disease (further etymology unknown) + -idus -id suffix¹.In sense 3 perhaps after Italian morbido characterized by refinement of colours, or harmony of proportions (mid 16th cent.; 1292 in sense ‘having a soft, yielding, or doughy consistency’, a1294 in sense ‘(of the body or face of a woman or child) beautiful, delicate’), or independently after morbidezza n. Compare French morbide (1486 in Middle French in an isolated attestation in sense ‘ill’; 1690 in French in sense 3 ( < Italian morbido); 1810 in sense ‘relating to disease’; 1836 in sense ‘that which has an abnormal or unhealthy character’), Portuguese mórbido unhealthy, infectious (16th cent.), Spanish mórbido unhealthy (1617). I. Senses relating to disease. 1. a. Causing disease; characteristic of, indicative of, or produced by disease; of the nature of disease; of or relating to disease. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] pestilenta1398 peccant1595 repeccating1598 diseaseful1605 morbifical1620 morbific1652 morbid1656 morbificous1657 diseasifying1662 morbiferous1718 nosopoetic1733 pathogenetic1830 morbiferal1848 pathogenic1850 pathopoeous1857 pathogenous1873 pathophoric1899 diseasing?1915 the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] morbous?a1425 unsoundc1540 naughty1572 sick1597 sicklya1616 morbifica1691 morbose1692 ill-conditioned1700 morbid1748 pathic1846 1656 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1712) 51 There may be very well a sanative and healing Contagion, as well as a morbid and venomous. 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) Secundary Fever, is that which arises after a Crisis, or the Discharge of some morbid Matter, as after the Declension of the Small-Pox. 1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence ii. 705 Of morbid hue his features, sunk and sad; His hollow eyne shook forth a sickly light. 1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 8 Sylvius exults in the discovery that an acid is the sole morbid principle. 1799 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 1 324 The variolous matter, first inserted by the puncture, like that of other morbid poisons, is not capable of being immediately absorbed. 1828 T. B. Macaulay Hallam's Constit. Hist. in Edinb. Rev. Sept. 99 It may be quickened into morbid activity. It may be reasoned into sluggishness. 1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 335 No morbid appearance could be discovered to account for his sudden death, except that [etc.]. 1863 W. Aitken Sci. & Pract. Med. (ed. 2) II. iii. 161 Lousiness—Phthiriasis... A morbid state in which lice develop themselves to such an extent that a pruriginous eruption is produced. 1894 J. Laing Misc. Poems 34 To that foul scheme upon the hill Whaur morbid water she maun swill. 1930 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 8 Feb. 234/1 The frequency of the occurrence of this morbid condition raises important problems as to its physio-pathology and its treatment. 1988 Amer. Jrnl. Preventive Med. 4 1/1 Life events have been related to a variety of morbid events, particularly to those of the cardiovascular system. b. Of a person, a part of the body, etc.: affected with disease; unhealthy, ill. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased untrumc825 sickc888 unwholec888 slackc897 unstronga900 sicklea1000 sam-halea1023 worseOE attaint1303 languishinga1325 heallessc1374 sicklyc1374 sicklewa1387 bada1393 mishalea1400 languoring?c1425 distempered1440 unwell?c1450 detent?a1475 poora1475 languorousc1475 maladif1481 illa1500 maladiousc1500 wanthriven1508 attainted1509 unsound1513 acrazed1521 cracked1527 unsoundya1529 visited1537 infirmed1552 crazed1555 healthless1568 ill-liking1572 afflicted1574 crazy1576 unhealthful1580 sickish1581 valetudinary1581 not well1587 fainty1590 ill-disposed1596 unhealthsome1598 tainted1600 ill-affected1604 peaking1611 unhealthy1611 infirmited1616 disaffected1626 physical1633 illish1637 pimping1640 invalid1642 misaffected1645 valetudinarious1648 unhale1653 badly1654 unwholesome1655 valetudinous1655 morbulent1656 off the hooksa1658 mawkish1668 morbid1668 unthriven1680 unsane1690 ailing1716 not wellish1737 underlya1742 poorly1750 indifferent1753 comical1755 maladized1790 sober1808 sickened1815 broken-down1816 peaky1821 poorlyish1827 souffrante1827 run-down1831 sicklied1835 addle1844 shaky1844 mean1845 dauncy1846 stricken1846 peakyish1853 po'ly1860 pindling1861 rough1882 rocky1883 suffering1885 wabbit1895 icky-boo1920 like death warmed up1924 icky1938 ropy1945 crappy1956 hanging1971 sick as a parrot1982 shite1987 1668 Minute 2 Jan. in Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) II. 235 Dr. Terne was willing..to try the experiment of transfusion upon morbid persons. 1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments vi. 68 Tho' every Human Constitution is morbid, yet are their Diseases consistent with the common Functions of Life. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 43. ⁋1 Every man comes into the world morbid. 1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 406 Morbid Bones. 1989 A. Stevenson Bitter Fame xi. 235 She was morbid with chilblains. 2. Of a person, mental state, etc.: characterized by excessive gloom or apprehension, or (in later use) by an unhealthy preoccupation with disease, death, or other disturbing subject; given to unwholesome brooding. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective] > unwholesomely hippish1703 morbid1775 hippy1785 dyspeptic1894 1775 M. O. Warren Group i. i. 7 I've boldly sent my new-born brat abroad, Th' association of my morbid brain, To which each minion must affix his name. 1798 W. Wordsworth Lines left upon Seat in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 60 And on these barren rocks..Fixing his downward eye, he many an hour A morbid pleasure nourished, tracing here An emblem of his own unfruitful life. 1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey i. 14 A very lacrymose and morbid gentleman, of some note in the literary world. 1834 Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) I. x. 419 But that was a morbid vision, and has given way to the actual reality of so much good. 1842 C. Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 59 Pray to God to save you from the temptations of morbid melancholy and unavailing regret. 1886 H. Caine Son of Hagar iii. iv You morbid little woman, you shall be happy again. 1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience ii. 46 The athletic attitude tends ever to break down, and it inevitably does break down even in the most stalwart when..morbid fears invade the mind. 1937 D. L. Sayers Busman's Honeymoon i. 48 Putting aside my own feelings and your morbid visions of twin gorgons or nine-headed hydras..—would you like children? 1976 G. Gordon 100 Scenes from Married Life 132 Morbid lot, they're only happy when their friends have died. 1990 M. Freeland Kenneth Williams 116 Ken particularly used to enjoy the murder trials—not for any morbid curiosity, but for the drama unfolding. †II. Other uses. 3. Art. Of a flesh tint: painted with morbidezza. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > [adjective] > attribute of flesh-tints morbid1728 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Morbid, in Painting, is particularly apply'd to fat Flesh very strongly expressed. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. morbid-minded adj. ΚΠ 1872 E. B. Tylor in Man 6 (1971) 99 [He] seems not only honest but not morbid-minded. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 399 Those who are not so intimately acquainted with the minutiae of the municipal abattoir as this morbidminded esthete. 1981 Philos. Perspectives 5 266 No doubt with his own morbid-minded needs in mind. b. morbid-mindedness n. ΚΠ 1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience vi. 163 It seems to me that we are bound to say that morbid-mindedness ranges over the wider scale of experience. C2. morbid anatomy n. the anatomy of diseased organs and tissues, pathological anatomy; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > types of loimography1706 morbid anatomy1793 toxicology1799 neuropathologya1834 physiopathology1853 histopathology1874 palaeopathology1893 pathobiology1900 pathophysiology1925 immunopathology1956 1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. p. vi Knowledge of the changes of structure produced by disease, which may be called the Morbid Anatomy, is still very imperfect. 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 6 The structure of tumours is a part of morbid anatomy which deserves to be examined. 1851 R. A. Willmott Pleasures of Lit. 291 Books..belong to the study of the mind's morbid anatomy. 1993 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 17 Nov. 2353/3 The chromosomal map of diseases can be referred to as the morbid anatomy of the human genome. morbid obesity n. Medicine the condition of having a body weight high enough to pose a severe risk to health, (now) spec. as indicated by a body mass index (i.e. weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres) of 40 or above. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [noun] > fat or plump shape or physique > state of having fatnessc1000 greasea1340 corsiousnessc1440 fleshiness1541 plumpness1545 corporateness1547 fogginess1547 fleshliness1552 corpulency1577 corpulence1581 corsiness1587 fullness1599 obesity1611 pinguitude1623 obeseness1653 aletude1656 portliness1658 eventriqueness1667 rotundity1684 fat1726 rotundness1727 bloatedness1732 embonpoint1751 roundness1763 repleteness1770 plumpitude1828 corporosity1837 stoutness1838 crumb1843 plumptitude1843 roundedness1849 chubbiness1850 adiposeness1868 roundliness1870 buxomness1875 bloat1905 tubbiness1906 poundage1915 overweight1917 endomorphy1940 plumpishness1947 pudge1967 morbid obesity1969 1969 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 117 246/1 We identify morbid obesity as existing in any person whose weight has reached a level two or three times his ideal weight and who has maintained this level of obesity for five years or more. 1989 Jrnl. Clin. Psychol. 45 762 Morbid obesity exists when an individual is 100 or more pounds over an ideal body weight. 1999 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 15 Oct. 26/1 Gastric bypass is commonly done to treat morbid obesity or the kind of excess weight causing illness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1656
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