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单词 morgagni
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Morgagnin.

Brit. /mɔːˈɡanji/, U.S. /mɔrˈɡɑni/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Morgagni.
Etymology: < the name of Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682–1771), Italian anatomist, who was the first to describe a number of anatomical features and pathological conditions, chiefly in Adversaria Anatomica Omnia (1741) and De Sedibus et Causis Morborum (1761). In sense 1 after French humeur de Morgagni (1749 or earlier) or German Morganische Feuchtigkeit (1772 or earlier); described by Morgagni in 1741 ( Adversaria Anatomica Omnia vi. 90).
Anatomy and Pathology.
1. With of, in the genitive, and attributive, chiefly in humour of Morgagni. Designating a layer of fluid found between the lens and its capsule (now thought to be artefactual or pathological, as in a Morgagnian cataract). Obsolete.
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1789 A. Duncan Med. Comm. 1788 2nd Decade 3 256 Baron Wenzel observes, that the humour of Morgagni..may undergo such a change.
1829 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 3) IV. 216 Demours is, perhaps, nearer the mark, in ascribing them [sc. muscae volitantes] to small portions of Morgagni's humour that have acquired an increase of density.
1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Morgagni liquor, term for a small quantity of fluid contained between the crystalline lens and its capsule.
1867 Edinb. Med. Jrnl. 12 ii. 1057 More frequently it is an amorphous hyaline mass, which contains a small number of nuclei analogous to those of the cells known as the humour of Morgagni.
2. Anatomy ventricle of Morgagni n. the ventricle of the larynx, a recess in each of its lateral walls located between the vocal and vestibular folds (the true and false vocal cords). Now rare.
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the world > life > the body > speech organs > types of speech organ > [noun] > throat > larynx > ventricle of
ventricle1808
ventricle of Morgagni1808
1808 J. Barclay Muscular Motions 500 The lateral depressions that have been denominated the ventricles of the larynx, or the ventricles of Morgagni.
1846 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 136 559 We find neither superior ligaments nor ventricles of Morgagni in many of the order Ruminantia.
1877 M. Foster Physiology (1878) iii. vii. 532 The ventricles of Morgagni are apparently of use in giving the vocal cords sufficient room for their vibrations.
1955 Physiol. Rev. 35 546 The wave-like movements as observed stroboscopically have been described by Heymann as originating in the ventricle of Morgagni.
1989 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 95/1 Immediately above and slightly lateral to the vocal cords, the membrane expands into lateral excavations, one ventricle of Morgagni on each side.
3. Anatomy hydatid of Morgagni n. any of various small, nodular, often cystic structures attached to the testis, epididymis, or Fallopian tube, usually representing vestigial remnants of the Müllerian duct; esp. the appendix testis (a small body attached to the upper pole of the testis) and any of the vesicular appendices of the Fallopian tube (pedunculated bodies attached to its fimbrial end).Probably after German Morgagnische Hydatide (1854 or earlier).
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > cyst
wenc1000
crop1599
steatoma1599
hydatid1683
atheroma1706
cyst1731
sac1802
hygroma1813
galactocele1850
dacryops1857
ovule of Naboth1857
hydatid of Morgagni1858
thrombocyst1860
monocyst1869
cystoid1872
cystoma1876
sarcocyst1892
Baker's cyst1893
milk thrombus1895
sweat-cyst1898
tubulocystc1900
sweat vesicle1901
seroma1919
macrocyst1953
macrocyst1980
1858 A. Farre in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 596/2 The terminal bulb of the duct of Müller is converted into the hydatid of Morgagni.
1891 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Jan. 109/1 There is one structure [of the Fallopian tube]—the hydatid of Morgagni—which calls for passing notice.
1902 Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. 36 160 I have looked upon that pedunculated cyst which occurs most frequently as the true hydatid of Morgagni.
1946 Science 15 Mar. 326/2 A variety of whitlockite..was identified as composing a small pathological calcification of the appendix testis or hydatid of Morgagni.
1964 Jrnl. Urol. 91 574/1 It is proposed that the clinical picture be called torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni, regardless of the location of the appendage.
1998 Veterinary Rec. 143 679 Sixty nulliparous animals and two ewes had hydatids of Morgagni.
4. Anatomy columns of Morgagni n. longitudinal folds in the mucous membrane of the distal rectum.
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1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Morgagni, Columnæ Rectæ, a term for the longitudinal plicæ of the rectum.]
1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VIII. Index 720/3 Morgagni, columns of.
1900 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Illustr. Med. Dict. 169/1 Columns of Morgagni, folds of mucous membrane at the anal termination of the rectum.
1906 Practitioner Dec. 844 The columns of Morgagni are permanent vertical folds of the mucous membrane of the anal canal.
1985 C. R. Leeson et al. Textbk. Histol. (ed. 5) xi. 355/1 Here, the mucous membrane is thrown into a series of longitudinal folds termed the rectal columns of Morgagni.
5. Anatomy foramen of Morgagni n. a defect in the diaphragm located between its sternal and costal attachments (on either side).
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1925 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 26 Sept. 948/1 In this case and in two others the opening was parasternal (foramen of Morgagni).
1938 Ann. Surg. 108 375 Failure of fusion of the costal and sternal fibers at either side of the sternum results in the formation of the foramina of Morgagni.
1959 Brit. Jrnl. Surg. 47 23/1 A diaphragmatic hernia was found through the foramen of Morgagni on the right side.
1982 Amer. Jrnl. Cardiol. 47 365 Echocardiographic patterns mimicking pericardial effusion have previously been reported in patients with anatomic abnormalities such as..anterior mediastinal or pericardial tumors, foramen of Morgagni hernia and pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle.
1998 Amer. Jrnl. Perinatol. 15 53 There were three diaphragmatic defects, two small ones corresponded to foramina of Morgagni and one large posterior defect that did not correspond to the foramen of Bochdelak.
6. Morgagni's syndrome n. (also Morgagni syndrome) a syndrome characterized by thickening of the inner table of the frontal bones of the skull in association with obesity, virilization, diabetes, or other endocrine or neurological abnormalities, occurring chiefly in elderly women, sometimes as a familial trait.Cf. French syndrom de Morgagni (F. Henschen 1936, in Ann. d'Anat. Pathologique 13 943).
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > congenital or hereditary syndromes > [noun]
amyelia1865
amelia1872
congenital myotonia1886
myotonia congenita1887
Thomsen's disease1890
von Recklinghausen's disease1899
pseudoxanthoma1900
Werdnig–Hoffmann1903
myotonia atrophica1908
Fröhlich1909
Milroy's disease1909
Lindau disease1928
Steinert's disease1932
von Hippel–Lindau disease1932
Werner's syndrome1934
Sturge–Weber syndrome1935
gargoylism1936
Morgagni's syndrome1936
Hurler's disease1937
von Willebrand1941
Turner1942
autism1944
hypophosphatasia1948
Klinefelter1950
mucopolysaccharidosis1952
progeria1957
Pendred1960
Down's syndrome1961
Patau's syndrome1961
Marinesco–Sjögren syndrome1962
cri du chat syndrome1964
Prader–Willi syndrome1964
Noonan syndrome1965
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome1966
Wernicke–Korsakoff1966
Down1967
mannosidosis1969
mucolipidosis1970
Asperger's syndrome1971
Angelman syndrome1972
adrenoleukodystrophy1973
SCID1973
severe combined immune deficiency1973
Miller–Dieker syndrome1980
Asperger1988
Asperger's disorder1994
1936 Q. Cumulative Index Medicus 19 506/1 Morgagni syndrome (internal frontal hyperostosis, virilism, obesity).
1940 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 18 May 818/1 The polyglandular endocrine manifestations in Morgagni's syndrome are parallel to some extent by those in acromegaly.
1949 F. Henschen Morgagni's Syndrome i. 1 The term Morgagni's syndrome indicates a triad of endocrine symptoms, namely hyperostosis frontalis interna, virilism, and obesity, occurring chiefly in older women. In 1936 we presumed to name this triad after Morgagni, because the great scientist was the first to describe clearly and objectively a classical example of the triad.
1970 Obstetr. & Gynecol. 35 565/2 HFI is not an uncommon X-ray finding, especially in older females, and..this finding alone does not indicate Morgagni's syndrome.
1997 Jrnl. Neurol., Neurosurg. & Psychiatry 63 309 A 74 year old patient..with dorsolateral frontal cortical compression..in the absence of the Morgagni or Stewart-Morel syndromes, is described.
7. Morgagni hernia n. (also Morgagni's hernia) a type of diaphragmatic hernia in which abdominal contents protrude into the chest through the foramen of Morgagni.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [noun] > hernia or rupture
herniac1386
crepaturec1400
ramex?a1425
rupture?a1425
burstenness1483
rimburst1505
ruption?1541
mollification1543
bursting1544
burstness1552
film-bursting1578
bubonocele1597
rimburstennessc1600
burstning1607
gut-bursten1607
strangulated hernia1771
hypogastrocele1811
herniation1897
sliding hernia1910
incisional hernia1912
Morgagni hernia1958
1958 Radiology 70 563/2 A case of subcostosternal (Morgagni) hernia and hiatus hernia occurring simultaneously is reported.
1967 Jrnl. Indiana Med. Assoc. 60 48/2 It was felt that this indeed represented a classical Morgagni hernia with omentum as contents.
1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) II. xv. 14/2 Apparent abnormalities of the diaphragm may be due to trans-diaphragmatic herniae such as a Morgagni hernia which occurs between the sternal and costal origins of the diaphragm.
1991 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 303/2 (heading) Symptomatic retrosternal (Morgagni) hernia.
1999 Jrnl. Laparoendoscopic & Adv. Surg. Techniques A. 9 93 A case is reported of an 85-year-old woman with subacute intestinal obstruction due to a large Morgagni hernia containing the transverse colon.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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